CN104365468A - Stereoscopic culturing system and method of porphyra yezoensis shell protonema - Google Patents
Stereoscopic culturing system and method of porphyra yezoensis shell protonema Download PDFInfo
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- CN104365468A CN104365468A CN201410637756.7A CN201410637756A CN104365468A CN 104365468 A CN104365468 A CN 104365468A CN 201410637756 A CN201410637756 A CN 201410637756A CN 104365468 A CN104365468 A CN 104365468A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a stereoscopic culturing system and method of porphyra yezoensis shell protonema. The stereoscopic culturing system comprises a plurality of culturing tanks which are distributed stereoscopically, a water storage tank is arranged under the culturing tanks and leads water into the culturing tanks through a water circulation system, and the culturing tanks are each further provided with an artificial light source used for culturing shell protonema. The culturing method includes the steps that light is regulated, wherein 400-500 nm of blue light and 600-700 nm of red light are the main, and light sources at other spectral lines are also taken into account; the intensity ratio of the red light to the blue right is regulated between 4:1 and 12:1; light intensity is controlled between 500 Lux and 5000 Lux; the daily illumination time of the artificial light sources is regulated between 8 hours and 18 hours. The stereoscopic culturing system and method of porphyra yezoensis shell protonema can improve the reliability of seedling culturing production, shorten the culturing period of shell protonema, flexibly arrange the harvesting time of conchospore, and largely reduce the production cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to laver shell conchocelis culture technique field, particularly relate to a kind of porphyra yezoensis shell conchocelis stereoscopic culture system and cultural method thereof.
Background technology
It is the major technique intension of laver nursery engineering that laver shell conchocelis is cultivated, and prior art relies on cement pit planar structure condition, adopts open to change Aquaponic pattern.
The existing step of porphyra yezoensis seedling growing process is: the annual the first tenday period of a month in mid-April to May, the carpospore (or free conchocelis pulverizing fragment) of ripe laver is seeded on the shell be laid in cement pit, through the cultivations of about 5 months (sea conditions that need be suitable for and light and temperature condition), the nacre of shell overgrows with filamentous gradually, under the stimulation of the conditions such as temperature, fully-developed filamentous discharges conchospore and adheres to lace curtaining in water body, becomes " seedling " of the cultivation of laver sea.
The existing technology mode of laver nursery is commonly called as factorial seedling growth, but still half batch production half pesticide herd purification nursery in essence, although because existing pattern has used some batch production means to take part in the adjustment of the envirment factors such as temperature in seedling raising process, light intensity and nutritive salt thereof, but diffuse in the key links such as the time of collecting seedling at carpospore shell inoculation time, conchospore, all can not depart from the dependence to natural climate condition, the dependence to nature seawater condition can not be broken away from seedling raising process.
The primary condition that prior art is relied on is open cement pit, only be not enough to by means such as ventilation, sunshades the whole issue solving calmly temperature control aspect, its weak link shows two aspects: one is that disease easily occurs summer temperature higher time shell conchocelis; Two is conchospore mature periods as cold air comparatively early, easily causes conchospore to diffuse (diffuse the time and the lace curtaining time of plunging into the commercial sea misfits, be commonly called as " race seedling ") in advance.At present supporting with the open cement pit most spacious many windows of factory building, heat insulating ability is poor, adopts increase equipment to lower the temperature or the efficiency of heating is low, cost is high, can not be accepted at present by most producer.The reliability that these weak links cause nursery to produce is not high, and the producer of identical nursery scale usually presents the difference of rising one after another in " seedling net " output.
It is the key technology being in laver seedling raising process two ends that carpospore (or filamentous) inoculation and conchospore are collected seedling, very strong to the susceptibility of temperature.Because open cement pit pattern is difficult to break away from the dependence to natural climate condition, prior art selection of time on have significant limitation, generally can only the first tenday period of a month in annual mid-April to May carpospore inoculation (or filamentous), late September to early October conchospore collect seedling.This natural limitation one side that is limited by defines longer cultivation cycle, also usually occur that the conchospore time of collecting seedling conflicted mutually with the opportunity of plunging into the commercial sea that is suitable for of seedling net on the other hand, major part producer need increase " refrigeration " link be connected laver nursery and sea cultivate between time difference, this both increases management cost and production risk.
Explanation of nouns:
Carpospore: the trophozyte on laver frond can form carpospore and anthreid device, the anthreid device after maturation diffuses out sperm, with marine stream, run into the trichogyne of carpogonium, sperm enters carpogonium fertilization, forms zygote, and zygote becomes carpospore through repeatedly dividing.Carpospore is circular, diameter 8um-11um.
Laver shell conchocelis: after laver maturation release carpospore, the just attachment of the matrix (various shell) of contact containing calcium carbonate, sprout and pierce in shell and be grown to elongated irregular filamentous, diameter is generally 2um-4um.
Conchosporangia: thread algal filament grows to certain phase, form the comparatively rough segmentation be made up of cylinder shape cell and prop up, diameter can reach 8um ~ 16um.Immature conchosporangia cell aspect ratio is about 2 ~ 3 times, and conchosporangia cell length and width ripe are gradually tending towards equal.
Conchospore: autumn, water temperature started to decline, and during the conchosporangia full maturity of being grown by shell conchocelis, cell is divided into two, and now cell cross wall runs off, and branch becomes tubulose, and conchospore is discharged from the mouth of pipe.Conchospore drifts about with seawater, after intercropping amoeboid movement in short-term, to be attached in matrix and to sprout.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of porphyra yezoensis shell conchocelis stereoscopic culture system and cultural method thereof, the reliability that nursery is produced can be improved, shorten the cultivation cycle of shell conchocelis, arrange conchospore to collect seedling the time flexibly, significantly reduce production cost.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: provide a kind of porphyra yezoensis shell conchocelis stereoscopic culture system, comprise multiple culture tank, the distribution of described multiple culture tank solid; Described culture tank is arranged with aqua storage tank; Water is incorporated in described culture tank by water circulation system by described aqua storage tank; Described culture tank is also provided with the artificial light source cultivated for shell conchocelis; Described artificial light source is based on the ruddiness of the blue light of 400 ~ 500nm and 600 ~ 700nm, and the visible light source of other spectral lines is auxiliary.
Be provided with seawater air conditioner in described aqua storage tank, described seawater air conditioner is used for carrying out water temperature control in the shell conchocelis nurturing period.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: also provide a kind of porphyra yezoensis shell conchocelis stereoscopic culture method, use above-mentioned porphyra yezoensis shell conchocelis stereoscopic culture system, comprise the regulation and control of light, based on the ruddiness of the blue light of 400 ~ 500nm and 600 ~ 700nm, be aided with the visible light source of other spectral line; Wherein, red blue light strength ratio adjusts between 4: 1 ~ 12: 1; Intensity control is at 500Lux-5000Lux; Light application time every day of described artificial light source adjusted between 8-18 hour.
Under the prerequisite of the temperature control that do not conflict, in conjunction with the regulation and control utilizing lamp to realize light.
Described porphyra yezoensis shell conchocelis stereoscopic culture method also comprises the regulation and control of water, needs and supply the time requirement of seedling according to the growth of different phase, 14 DEG C-28 DEG C interval adjustment.
According to the weather conditions of culture period during water regulation and control, in conjunction with utilizing natural temperature, starting seawater air conditioner and carrying out heating or lowering the temperature.
Water in described aqua storage tank is that artificial seawater or process disinfect nature seawater; Described artificial seawater or nature seawater regular replenishment are based on the inorganic fertilizer of nitrogen phosphorus.
Described in different developmental phases, Red and blue light ratio and light intensity are set to: carpospore sprouts the stage: red blue light ratio is 4: 1 ~ 7: 1, and intensity control is at 3000Lux-4000Lux; The thread algal filament stage: red blue light ratio is 6: 1 ~ 10: 1, and intensity control is at 2000Lux-3000Lux; The conchosporangia stage: red blue light ratio is 6: 1 ~ 10: 1, and intensity control is at 1000Lux-2000Lux; Conchospore formation stages: red blue light ratio is 8: 1 ~ 12: 1, and intensity control is at 500Lux-1000Lux; Conchospore diffuses the stage: red blue light ratio is 8: 1 ~ 12: 1, and intensity control is at 4000Lux-5000Lux.
Be set in different developmental phases water temperature: carpospore sprouts the stage: 14 DEG C-22 DEG C; The thread algal filament stage: 22 DEG C-25 DEG C; The conchosporangia stage: 25 DEG C-28 DEG C; Conchospore formation stages: 24 DEG C-26 DEG C; Conchospore diffuses the stage: 20 DEG C-23 DEG C.Beneficial effect
Owing to have employed above-mentioned technical scheme, the present invention compared with prior art, has following advantage and good effect:
The present invention puts forth effort on and builds intensive stereoscopic culture pattern, the embedding of intelligent temperature control control light technology and water circulation use technology is made to become possibility, to improving the reliability that nursery is produced, shorten the cultivation cycle of shell conchocelis, flexible arrangement conchospore is collected seedling the time, significantly reduces production cost.
The needs that the present invention grows according to shell conchocelis, are preset in the temperature treatment program under closed condition of culture, carry out program control management, no longer rely on natural climate condition by facilities such as intelligent air conditioners to cultivation water temperature.According to the needs that shell conchocelis grows, be preset in the light quality of artificial light source under closed condition of culture, light intensity and photoperiod combinator, program control management is carried out, no longer major regulatory natural daylight by facilities such as LED and Intelligent fixed time switches and to cultivation illumination.The present invention, to cultivating the recycling with water of shell conchocelis, comprises the supporting technologies such as artificial seawater preparation, water quality monitoring, nutritive salt, trace element and carbon source be supplementary, no longer relies on nature seawater.By said temperature control, illumination control, Water-quality control and the Integration ofTechnology such as to recycle, the present invention realizes three-dimensional and arranges shell at many levels.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, set forth the present invention further.Should be understood that these embodiments are only not used in for illustration of the present invention to limit the scope of the invention.In addition should be understood that those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention, and these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims limited range equally after the content of having read the present invention's instruction.
The present invention relates to a kind of porphyra yezoensis shell conchocelis stereoscopic culture system, as shown in Figure 1, comprise multiple culture tank 1, the distribution of described multiple culture tank 1 solid; Described culture tank 1 is arranged with aqua storage tank 2; Water is incorporated in described culture tank 1 by water circulation system 3 by described aqua storage tank 2; Described culture tank 1 is also provided with the artificial light source 2 cultivated for shell conchocelis; Described artificial light source 2 is based on the ruddiness of the blue light of 400 ~ 500nm and 600 ~ 700nm, and the visible light source of other spectral lines is auxiliary.Wherein, be provided with seawater air conditioner in described aqua storage tank 2, described seawater air conditioner is used for carrying out water temperature control in the shell conchocelis nurturing period.
Shell is inoculated
Inoculation adherance can with fresh clam shell, oyster shell or other suitable substitute materials, and the biomaterials such as clam shell and oyster shell should fully soak and wash; Adherance is neatly emitted in the culture tank of three-dimensional distribution, injects sterilization seawater or the artificial seawater (proportion 1.017-1.021, PH7.8-8.3) of about 10cm; Operation system setting: light intensity 1500Lux-3000Lux, temperature 15 DEG C-20 DEG C.
The Standard Selection kind algae of DB32/T162-2002 is pressed in carpospore inoculation; Kind of algae seawater is cleaned, dewater, dry in the shade after insert refrigerator-freezer storage (moisture content is about 20-30%) for subsequent use, temperature controls below-15 DEG C; During inoculation, the kind algae of drying in the shade directly is put into the container filling clean seawater to diffuse, diffuse in process and constantly should stir seawater, and often draw the amount of diffusing and the quality of water sample microscopy carpospore; After the carpospore amount in water body reaches certain density, take out kind of an algae, by bolting silk or filtered through gauze spore liquid; The density that carpospore is rendered on adherance is advisable with 150-300/cm2; Spore liquid is as far as possible evenly sprayed on the adherance in culture tank.
Filamentous inoculation is undertaken by DB/T168 standard-required.
Check that the sprouting amount on adherance should be carried out after inoculation for 10-20 days, sprouting amount with 40-60 algae fall/cm2 is advisable, sprouting amount is too low can filling mining.
Shell is cultivated
The regulation and control of light: the artificial light source cultivated for shell conchocelis, based on the ruddiness of the blue light of 400 ~ 500nm and 600 ~ 700nm, are aided with other spectral line light source.Wherein, red blue light strength ratio adjusts between 4: 1 ~ 12: 1 according to different developmental phases, and light intensity is at 500Lux-5000Lux; Under the prerequisite of the temperature control that do not conflict, can in conjunction with utilizing lamp, the sunshine time adjusted between 8 ~ 18 hours.The red blue light ratio of different developmental phases and light intensity arrange in table 1:
| Developmental stage | Carpospore sprouts | Thread algal filament | Conchosporangia | Conchospore is formed | Conchospore diffuses |
| Red blue light ratio | 4:1～7∶1 | 6:1～10∶1 | 6:1～10∶1 | 8:1～12∶1 | 8:1～12∶1 |
| Light intensity | 3000～4000 | 2000～3000 | 1000～2000 | 500～1000 | 4000～5000 |
Table 1
The regulation and control of water: the water temperature of shell conchocelis nurturing period controls, need according to the growth of different phase and supply the time requirement of seedling, 14 DEG C-28 DEG C interval adjustment; According to the weather conditions of culture period, in conjunction with utilizing natural temperature, seawater air conditioner can be started if desired and carries out heating or lowering the temperature; Nature seawater regular replenishment must nutrient component based on the inorganic fertilizer of nitrogen phosphorus and other.The nutrient formulation of artificial seawater suitably adjusts on the basis of PES; The nature seawater supplemented has to pass through disinfects.Different developmental phases water temperature arranges in table 2:
| Developmental stage | Carpospore sprouts | Thread algal filament | Conchosporangia | Conchospore is formed | Conchospore diffuses |
| Water temperature DEG C | 14℃～22℃ | 22℃～25℃ | 25℃～28℃ | 24℃～26℃ | 20℃～23℃ |
Table 2
Other management: the change curve noting down the envirment factors such as water temperature, pH value and illumination online, the indexs such as periodic detection sea water specific gravity and nutritive salt; Mixing depending on shell, a situation arises for algae, scrubs adherance if desired; Filamentous disease can be prevented and treated if desired with freshwater soaking adherance; Regularly carry out the inspection of filamentous developmental state, the distribution of record algal filament and color and luster situation of change, the T/A that conchosporangia occurs, the T/A that conchospore is formed.
Shell is collected seedling
To collect seedling preparation: assist client by DB32/T170 standard preparation lace curtaining; Replacing fresh seawater, augmented flow have certain accelerating effect; Can collect seedling when the conchospore on adherance diffuses and reaches some; The routine time of collecting seedling generally carries out in late September to early October, and common nursery pond can be utilized traditionally to operate; The unconventional time of collecting seedling collects seedling to be needed to carry out in specific temperature control workshop, operation adopts dilution spore liquid circulated sprinkling.
To collect seedling method: operation of collecting seedling generally is carried out in the morning; Culture tank light intensity is adjusted to more than 3000Lux; Follow bad discharge increase and start flushing system; Spore liquid shifts out and changes water and continues circulation bath by separated in time (depending on spore density); In spray process, lace curtaining can stir.
Spatfall density: spatfall density of will often taking a sample to check in process of collecting seedling, should go out pond when touching the mark in time; To fall apart head inspection with vinylon monofilament, be advisable to adhere to 50-80/cm conchospore; Use nettle inspection, be advisable to adhere to 10-15/visual field (10 × 10) conchospore; The seedling net hanged up of can not plunging into the commercial sea in time should be deposited in ventilating and cooling place, and sprays seawater and keep moistening, or supports temporarily in storage pond, holding pond seedling net being placed with seawater.
Be not difficult to find, the laver nursery engineering implemented in open cement pit is transplanted and is carried out in airtight, semi-hermetic type culture systems by the present invention first, and solves filamentous and to grow in stereoscopic culture system the light quality of required artificial light source, light intensity and the key technical problem such as photoperiod combination and cycle water cultivation.The Main Differences of technical solution of the present invention and prior art sees the following form.
As can be seen here, the technology of the present invention is put forth effort on and is built intensive stereoscopic culture pattern, the embedding of intelligent temperature control control light technology and water circulation use technology is made to become possibility, to improving the reliability that nursery is produced, shorten the cultivation cycle of shell conchocelis, flexible arrangement conchospore is collected seedling the time, significantly reduces production cost.Intensive stereoscopic culture pattern, can be attributed to intelligentized factory agricultural.
Claims (9)
1. a porphyra yezoensis shell conchocelis stereoscopic culture system, comprises multiple culture tank (1), it is characterized in that, the distribution of described multiple culture tank (1) solid; Described culture tank (1) is arranged with aqua storage tank (2); Water is incorporated in described culture tank (1) by water circulation system (3) by described aqua storage tank (2); Described culture tank (1) is also provided with the artificial light source (4) cultivated for shell conchocelis; Described artificial light source (4) is based on the ruddiness of the blue light of 400 ~ 500nm and 600 ~ 700nm, and the visible light source of other spectral lines is auxiliary.
2. porphyra yezoensis shell conchocelis stereoscopic culture system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described aqua storage tank is provided with seawater air conditioner in (2), and described seawater air conditioner is used for carrying out water temperature control in the shell conchocelis nurturing period.
3. a porphyra yezoensis shell conchocelis stereoscopic culture method, it is characterized in that, use the porphyra yezoensis shell conchocelis stereoscopic culture system as described in claim arbitrary in claim 1-2, comprise the regulation and control of light, based on the ruddiness of the blue light of 400 ~ 500nm and 600 ~ 700nm, be aided with the visible light source of other spectral line; Wherein, red blue light strength ratio adjusts between 4: 1 ~ 12: 1; Intensity control is at 500Lux-5000Lux; Light application time every day of described artificial light source adjusted between 8-18 hour.
4. porphyra yezoensis shell conchocelis stereoscopic culture method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, under the prerequisite of the temperature control that do not conflict, in conjunction with the regulation and control utilizing lamp to realize light.
5. porphyra yezoensis shell conchocelis stereoscopic culture method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, also comprise the regulation and control of water, needs and supply the time requirement of seedling according to the growth of different phase, 14 DEG C-28 DEG C interval adjustment.
6. porphyra yezoensis shell conchocelis stereoscopic culture method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, according to the weather conditions of culture period during water regulation and control, in conjunction with utilizing natural temperature, starting seawater air conditioner and carrying out heating or lowering the temperature.
7. porphyra yezoensis shell conchocelis stereoscopic culture method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the water in described aqua storage tank is that artificial seawater or process disinfect nature seawater; Described artificial seawater or nature seawater regular replenishment are based on the inorganic fertilizer of nitrogen phosphorus.
8. porphyra yezoensis shell conchocelis stereoscopic culture method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described in different developmental phases, Red and blue light ratio and light intensity are set to: carpospore sprouts the stage: red blue light ratio is 4: 1 ~ 7: 1, and intensity control is at 3000Lux-4000Lux; The thread algal filament stage: red blue light ratio is 6: 1 ~ 10: 1, and intensity control is at 2000Lux-3000Lux; The conchosporangia stage: red blue light ratio is 6: 1 ~ 10: 1, and intensity control is at 1000Lux-2000Lux; Conchospore formation stages: red blue light ratio is 8: 1 ~ 12: 1, and intensity control is at 500Lux-1000Lux; Conchospore diffuses the stage: red blue light ratio is 8: 1 ~ 12: 1, and intensity control is at 4000Lux-5000Lux.
9. porphyra yezoensis shell conchocelis stereoscopic culture method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, be set in different developmental phases water temperature: carpospore sprouts the stage: 14 DEG C-22 DEG C; The thread algal filament stage: 22 DEG C-25 DEG C; The conchosporangia stage: 25 DEG C-28 DEG C; Conchospore formation stages: 24 DEG C-26 DEG C; Conchospore diffuses the stage: 20 DEG C-23 DEG C.
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| CN106489712A (en) * | 2016-10-09 | 2017-03-15 | 盐城海瑞食品有限公司 | The seedling raising process of porphyra haitanensis |
| CN106688869A (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2017-05-24 | 江苏省海洋水产研究所 | Method for preventing and treating yellow leaf blotch of shell conchocelis of porphyra yezoensis and culture apparatus |
| CN107410002A (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2017-12-01 | 浙江省海洋水产养殖研究所 | Algae-controlling method in porphyra haitanensis shell conchocelis cultivating process |
| CN107549003A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-01-09 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | One main laminaria stereo-seedling growing apparatus and its application method |
| CN107616088A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-01-23 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | The vertical device for raising seedlings of one main laver shell conchocelis and its application method |
| CN107549003B (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2023-06-02 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Kelp three-dimensional seedling raising device and application method thereof |
| CN110367114A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2019-10-25 | 浙江省海洋水产养殖研究所 | A kind of porphyra haitanensis hanging culture shell conchocelis cleaning device |
| CN110367114B (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2024-03-12 | 浙江省海洋水产养殖研究所 | Porphyra haitanensis hanging shell filament cleaning device |
| CN113854140A (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2021-12-31 | 江苏省海洋水产研究所 | Modularized porphyra yezoensis seedling three-dimensional culture method |
| CN113854140B (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-10-18 | 江苏省海洋水产研究所 | Modularized porphyra yezoensis seedling three-dimensional culture method |
| CN115380814A (en) * | 2022-09-28 | 2022-11-25 | 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 | Porphyra yezoensis plant factory production system and method |
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