JPH10178947A - Device and method for farming seaweeds - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To extremely efficiently farm seaweeds almost without being affected by seasons or weathers. SOLUTION: This device is provided with a base 1, on which the plumules or the like of seaweeds are stuck, and a light source 2 for irradiating the plumules on that base 1 with the beams of plural specified wavelengths and the plumules or the like of seaweeds are grown by being irradiated with the beams of plural specified wavelengths. There is an effect for brown seaweeds set in the sea especially among the seaweeds and both seaweeds on the stage of spores and as adults are available but the effect is especially improved in case of plumules. The base 1 means any object to become the sticking base of seaweeds and the specified wavelength of light source 2 is a wavelength near the both the ends of visible light area preferably and is light in red and blue, for example. The light of such a wavelength can be provided by a light emitting diode.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for cultivating seaweed.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, cultivation of seaweed has been carried out using light, temperature and inorganic nutrients. For example, a culture tank or sea area into which seawater is introduced is partitioned, and germs of seaweed are attached to a base. They managed the temperature and nutrient sources and cultivated under sunlight.

[0003]

However, unlike higher plants, seaweeds basically live by performing photosynthesis, and the energy source depends on sunlight.
The growth depends not only on the weather, but also on the depth and transparency of the seawater where the larvae of the seaweeds attach. Therefore, the yield varies depending on the weather conditions of each year, and it is difficult to obtain seaweeds for a particular season for other organisms.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the foregoing, the present invention is to efficiently grow seaweed almost independently of the season and weather.

The present invention is an aquaculture apparatus provided with a base on which germs of seaweeds are adhered and a light source for irradiating light of a plurality of specific wavelengths to the germs of the bases. However, the algae that grow especially are cultured by irradiating them with wavelengths near both ends of the visible light region, for example, red and blue light.

Light of such a wavelength may block green, ultraviolet or infrared light from the light source, but is preferably obtained by a light emitting diode.

[0007]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The seaweeds in the present invention are, for example, seaweed, kelp, and honda straw, particularly brown algae that settle in the sea, meaning that floating microalgae are excluded. In addition, larvae and the like of seaweeds include those at the stage of spores and adults, and particularly those in which larvae have a large effect. The base on which seaweed germs adhere is referred to as a base on which algae are attached. For example, small pieces, pipes, ropes, nets, blocks, such as pieces of wood or plastic,
Rocks, pebbles, corrugated sheets, balls, etc. Further, a wire, a frame, a flat plate, a rock, or the like that supports them may be considered.

[0008] The larvae of the seaweed are first attached to the seed yarn in the following manner. In general, in the spring, seaweed matures in ecological spores. Therefore, the sprouts and the thin thread are placed in a container, and the zoospores released from the sprouts are attached to the threads to form seed threads. As the zoospore grows and becomes a gametophyte, the water temperature 17 ~
The gametophyte is grown in the aquarium by maintaining the light intensity at 2000-7000 lux at 22 degrees c. In the summer, the water temperature is raised, the light level is reduced, and the gametophytes are put to sleep.
As autumn approaches, the gamete matures and turns into eggs and sperm by keeping the water temperature below 20 ° C. In the fall, fertilized eggs germinate and become wakame larvae. Therefore,
The seed yarn was transferred to an experimental tank and its growth was confirmed while reproducing the natural environment.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an experimental apparatus. Reference numeral 1 denotes a base to which seaweed germ is adhered.
The seed yarn 12 described above is wound around a resin frame 11 of m. Reference numeral 2 denotes a light source for irradiating the seedlings of the base 1 with light of a plurality of specific wavelengths. For example, 20 to 80 light emitting diode lamps 21 and 22 are sealed in a transparent tube. GaN blue-violet (emission wavelength: 430 nm), GaN
Blue (emission wavelength 450 nm), SiC blue (emission wavelength 4
70 nm), GaP green (emission wavelength 555 nm), Ga
P yellow-green (emission wavelength: 565 nm), GaAsPonGa
P yellow (emission wavelength 585 nm), AlGaInP yellow (emission wavelength 590 nm), GaAsPonGaP orange (emission wavelength 610 nm), AlGaInP orange (emission wavelength 620 nm), GaAsPonGaP red (emission wavelength 635 nm), GaAlAs red (emission wavelength 660 n)
m), GaP red (emission wavelength 695 nm), GaAlA
It can be selected from s red (emission wavelength 700 nm), GaAlAs infrared color (emission wavelength 830 nm), and the like. Such a light emitting diode is constantly lit for a predetermined time or intermittently lit for a predetermined time unit by a power supply 23 with a controller. Reference numeral 3 denotes a culture solution, which is circulated using a circulation pump 32 and an auxiliary tank 33 while appropriately supplying the collected seawater. In this figure, the light source 2 is immersed in the culture solution 3 and a circulation tank is used. However, when the culture water tank containing the culture solution is small and the base 1 is large in comparison with this, the light source 2 is set to the culture solution 3. The culture solution may be placed outside, and the culture solution may simply flow seawater or the like into the culture tank.

FIG. 2 shows such an aquaculture apparatus having a length of 15 cm.
In the growth record diagram, the length of the germ, which was 0 μm, was measured after a lapse of a certain period of time, representative wavelengths described above are shown. Light source 2 is 8 cd / line at 660 nm, 5
One or a plurality of cylindrical light-emitting diode lamps 21 and 22 having a size of 50 cd and 18 cd / line were used. The light emitting diode can output light having a narrow half width at a specific wavelength, for example, light having a half width of 70 nm with blue light of 550 nm, and is relatively easy to handle because of relatively low power consumption and heat generation. In the measurement, the length of all visible wakame sticking to the seed yarn of the base 1 was measured, and the length of the wakame excluding the extreme length was excluded. In FIG.
The horizontal axis shows the number of days elapsed, and the vertical axis shows the length (μ
m). The characteristic curve is obtained by connecting the length (μm) of the young larvae of wakame plotted every day with a curve.
The numbers described at the right end of each characteristic curve are the wavelengths of the irradiation light sources. 660 nm indicates the case where only the red 660 nm light source is used, and 550 nm + 660 nm indicates the case where both the blue and red light are irradiated. In addition, sun indicates the length (μm) of larvae of the wakame seaweed on the substrate 1 grown on the same experimental schedule with sunlight. Result 1
After a period of two months, the following growth has typically been observed.

[0011]

[Table 1]

In this table, the light of a specific wavelength of the red system which is applied to the brown algae to be set indicates, for example, 660 nm. However, considering the half width, the center wavelength may be from 640 nm to 680 nm. Further, the light of a specific wavelength of the blue system indicates a case of 450 nm, but it is preferably 510 nm to 400 nm, more preferably a single wavelength side in this range. On the other hand, it is presumed that the green-based light, if irradiated alone, rather alienates the growth of seaweed. Also, wakame sprouts grown under natural light grew rounded, whereas wakame sprouts that grew significantly under a particular wavelength were elongated.

[0013] First, it was found from this experiment that wakame grows in a relatively deep water and sunlight reaches the place where the wavelength is selected. That is, the wavelength of the light is not necessarily limited to the light having the wavelength given in such a normal state. Then
The amount of light required for epiphytic brown algae is generally known, but the wavelength that promotes or inhibits growth is still unclear. In green plants on the ground, the reaction wavelength of the photosynthetic electron transport system is 660 to 680 nm, the wavelength of the high energy reaction system is 450 to 470 nm, and the wavelength of the phytochrome system is 66.
It is said that the main wavelength used by plants is 0 to 670 nm (eg, Ohm's magazine "Electronics", August 1996, p. 57), but the wavelength to which seaweeds that have continued to grow at a specific wavelength are such wavelengths. It is not clear whether the light requires a specific light or exhibits such a response to light of a specific wavelength. It has been reported that if photosynthesis is slightly promoted by chlorella or the like, it is reported that the growth is large, and the growth is clearly different from the growth of seaweed.

The characteristic of the comparison of the growth of chlorella, a microalgae, to light of a specific wavelength and the growth of germs of seaweeds, which are brown algae, is characteristic as shown in FIG. Irradiating a plurality of specific wavelengths of light, particularly light near both ends of the visible light region (characteristic curve A shown by a solid line) to the germ of the germ, results in significant growth. Also, in green plants on the ground, the reaction wavelength of the photosynthetic electron transfer system is 660-680.
Even if a red light having a wavelength of 660 to 670 nm, which is called a phytochrome-based wavelength, is applied, the growth is indeed large, but this alone does not result in a remarkable growth like the characteristic curve B indicated by the two-dot chain line. . Light of a wavelength in the natural growth process (characteristic curve C showing 450 nm as a representative of a blue color by a dotted line) alone did not show remarkable growth. As described above, a plurality of light beams having specific wavelengths, preferably wavelengths near both ends of the visible light region, for example, red and blue light are obtained by light emitting diodes, and germs of seaweeds, which are brown algae that grow, are obtained. Irradiation allows seaweed to grow even when away from the sea or in a building where there is no storm and no sunshine.

[0015]

As described above, according to the present invention, seaweed and the like can be efficiently grown without being largely influenced by the season and the environment.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an aquaculture apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the growth of seaweed culture.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 base 11 resin frame 12 seed thread 2 light source 3 culture solution

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An apparatus for cultivating seaweeds, comprising: a base on which germs and the like of seaweed are adhered; and a light source for irradiating light of a plurality of specific wavelengths to the germs and the like of the base. 2. A method for cultivating seaweeds, comprising irradiating the brown algae to be grown with light of a plurality of specific wavelengths of red and blue to grow.