CN104106462A - Method for applying and popularizing porphyra yezoensis fine seeds - Google Patents
Method for applying and popularizing porphyra yezoensis fine seeds Download PDFInfo
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- CN104106462A CN104106462A CN201410318452.4A CN201410318452A CN104106462A CN 104106462 A CN104106462 A CN 104106462A CN 201410318452 A CN201410318452 A CN 201410318452A CN 104106462 A CN104106462 A CN 104106462A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for applying and popularizing porphyra yezoensis fine seeds. The method includes the steps of (1) pure fine seed protonema germplasm, wherein shell protonema cultivation is conducted in a nursery pond isolated from a seed source, and conchospore seedling picking is conducted when the protonema is mature, (2) pure fine seed seedling net sea area cultivation, wherein breeding trait recovery is conducted, (3) picking mature fine seed F1 generation algal bodies which serve as the seed algae, (4) cleaning the seed algae with clean sea water, conducting dehydration on the seed algae, drying the seed algae in shade for later use or storing the seed algae at -20 DEG C for later use, wherein the obtained seed algae can be used for fine seed productive carpospores collection, and seedling picking and seedling cultivation can be conducted. The method for applying and popularizing the porphyra yezoensis fine seeds solves the production problems that when the fine seed free protonema is inoculated to shell seedling, later-period maturity promotion measures are not easy to control, conchospore seedling picking efficiency is low, the fine seeds are not easy to cultivate and popularize, and large-scale fine seed seedling and seed supply are achieved. Through the technology, fine seed application has more operability and higher popularization, and the mass production progress of the porphyra yezoensis fine seed is promoted.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to laver breeding application, particularly the method for a kind of porphyra yezoensis breeding application.
Background technology
Laver is that a kind of marine alga that is grown in coastal intertidal zone belongs to Rhodophyta (Rhodophyta), Rhodophyceae (Rhodophyceae), Bangiales subclass (Bangiophycidae), Bangiales (Bangiales), Bangiales section (Bangiaceae), Porphyra (Porphyra).Laver delicious flavour is always that the coastal common people pluck edible marine alga.At present, southern Porphyra haitanensis and northern porphyra yezoensis laver are the important Economical cultivation marine algas of China.
China's porphyra yezoensis main producing region is positioned at Jiangsu Coastal Areas, and cultivation laver provenance comes from the wild stocks in area, Qingdao.Traditional porphyra breeding method, grower chooses kind of an algae annual spring from the thallus colony of cultivation laver, or from the wild population of natural distribution, gather original seed frond, by obtaining carpospore on these ripe fronds, laver carpospore is the product of fertilization, and inoculation shell is cultivated filamentous, enters autumn and by these, cultivate ripe filamentous again to obtain conchospore germination and become thallus of porphyra, such operation cannot avoid cultivating the proterties Quality Down of germplasm, and the disaster type disease of generating period is rotten.Although traditional seedling-cultivating method has solved source and the quantity problem of " seed ", and the quality problems of unresolved laver " seed ".Algologist studies discovery both at home and abroad, it is very suitable that Porphyra Lines is used as germplasm preservation, and can form the pure lines breeding germplasm that proterties is comparatively stable by seed selection, with it, substituting carpospore, to carry out the superiority of seedling fostering be apparent.But in laver fine-variety breeding purification process; tend to occur that breeding seedling maturation is more difficult; thereby in laver improved variety popularization application, occur that filamentous seedling fostering is subject to the conchospore low 'bottleneck' restrictions of benefit etc. of collecting seedling, the existence of these problems make applying of current laver breeding be difficult to meet scale for kind cultivation production requirement.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide the method for a kind of porphyra yezoensis breeding application; the method has solved that breeding filamentous is ripe difficult, conchospore is collected seedling inefficient problem; improve breeding scale for kind of an ability, promoted laver improved variety production process.
The method of a kind of porphyra yezoensis breeding of the present invention application, comprising:
(1) pure lines breeding filament germplasm carries out shell conchocelis cultivation at the nursery pond of provenance isolation, carries out conchospore and collect seedling after filamentous seedling maturation;
(2) pure lines breeding seedling net carries out reproductive habit recovery in the cultivation of isolation sea area, cultivates to the ripe gamogenesis cell that forms of frond.
(3) at the ripe frond of the online collection of pure lines breeding cultivation, be this breeding F
1in generation, is planted algae;
(4) with clean sea water ,-20 ℃ are cleaned, dewater, dry in the shade or stored to kind of an algae, can be used for breeding seedling fostering.
(5) for what gather that carpospore carries out seedling fostering, be the F that promotes the use of fine strains
1in generation, is planted algae.
Water is changed in the cultivation later stage increase of the middle pure lines of described step (1) breeding filament germplasm and flowing water impels maturation.
In described step (1), training seedling matrix selects fresh clam shell, oyster shell or freshwater mussel shell for training seedling matrix, washes and use chlorine dioxide liquid soaking disinfection; Employing is through the seawater of more than 7 days dark precipitation, salinity 22～26, pH value 8.0～8.3; It is 100～150 sections, every square centimeter of shell that filamentous is thrown in density.
In described step (1), nurturing period water temperature is 14～27 ℃; Filamentous Germination Temperature is 15～20 ℃; Thread algal filament growth temperature is 20～25 ℃; It is 20～25 ℃ that sporangial branchlets forms with growth temperature; Conchospore forms and diffuses temperature is 18～23 ℃.
Select in described step (2) seawater velocity in the sea area of 10～30 centimetres per second as cultivation sea area, nutritive salt selects nitrogenous total amount per ton more than 200 milligrams.
In described step (3), in the frond the most vigorous time period of growth, gather ripe frond.
Described step (5) is the F that promotes the use of fine strains for what gather that carpospore carries out seedling fostering
1in generation, is planted algae.
The present invention's application laver breeding F
1in generation, plants algae and carries out that carpospore is collected seedling and seedling fostering, can manage according to traditional seedling fostering mode, has reduced later stage developmental regulation and has been difficult to the production problem of grasping, and is obtaining yielding ability nursery effect (1 mu of net/m
2shell), time, guaranteed that again sea area cultivation laver breeding frond is best in quality, the production advantage of high yield.
beneficial effect
The present invention, with respect to cultivating seedling with free conchocelis inoculation shell, has solved the problem that breeding seedling difficulty is educated, and reaches scale for the ability of planting, and has promoted laver improved variety production process, makes breeding application have more operability and generalization; Frond healthy growth is good, and cultivation output and quality reach the level of high and stable yields and high-quality.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further set forth the present invention.Should be understood that these embodiment are only not used in and limit the scope of the invention for the present invention is described.In addition should be understood that those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention after having read the content of the present invention's instruction, these equivalent form of values fall within the application's appended claims limited range equally.
Embodiment 1
(1) pure lines breeding filament germplasm carries out shell conchocelis cultivation at the nursery pond of provenance isolation, carries out conchospore and collect seedling after filamentous seedling maturation;
(2) pure lines breeding seedling net carries out reproductive habit recovery in the cultivation of isolation sea area, cultivates to the ripe gamogenesis cell that forms of frond.
(3) at the ripe frond of the online collection of pure lines breeding cultivation, be this breeding F
1in generation, is planted algae;
(4) with clean sea water ,-20 ℃ are cleaned, dewater, dry in the shade or stored to kind of an algae, can be used for breeding seedling fostering.
(5) for what gather that carpospore carries out seedling fostering, be the F that promotes the use of fine strains
1in generation, is planted algae.
In step (1), breeding filamentous seedling fostering need carry out at the nursery pond of provenance isolation, and water is changed in later stage increase and flowing water impels maturation.
Breeding method is specific as follows:
1. the seedling fostering time started is the first tenday period of a month in mid-April to May, and 15 ℃～20 ℃ of water temperatures are advisable.Training seedling matrix selects fresh clam shell, oyster shell or freshwater mussel shell for training seedling matrix, washes and use 1～2 gram of/ton of chlorine dioxide liquid soaking disinfection.Use is through the seawater of more than 7 days dark precipitation, salinity 22～26, pH value 8.0～8.3.It is 100～150 sections, every square centimeter of shell that filamentous is thrown in density.Filamentous is cut to 200～300 microns through food masher, by definite input density calculation, goes out usage amount.The latter 3 days planted agents that collect seedling close the doors and windows and pull on all curtain, reduce seedling rearing room illumination, are beneficial to algal filament boring and sprout.
2. cultivating and managing.During conchocelis breeding every day should record in detail weather, water temperature, scrub, change water, the situation such as filamentous growth, growth and disease generation.14～27 ℃ of nurturing period water temperatures are advisable.The preference temperature that filamentous is sprouted is 15～20 ℃; Thread algal filament growth preference temperature is 20～25 ℃; It is 20～25 ℃ that sporangial branchlets forms with growth preference temperature; The preference temperature that conchospore forms and diffuses is 18～23 ℃.Between culture period, to avoid high light and direct light.The suitable illumination of growing of thread algal filament is 3000 meter candles, and sporangial branchlets forms growth and conchospore, and to form suitable illumination be 1500 meter candles.Every 15～20 days, regularly scrub shell and change water.Scrub front need and use freshwater soaking shell 24 hours, while scrubbing, should avoid the dry dew of shell and damage, change the variation that water should be noted seawater salinity.When shell face occurs that algae falls, by Shi Banfei (seawater N:7 per ton gram, P:1.5 gram); Algal filament is covered with shell face and changes Shi Quanfei (seawater N:14 per ton gram, P:3 gram).Late August do not occur yet sporangial branchlets or formation volume on the low side, should take to promote sporangial branchlets to form and growth measure, the suitable phase is before conchospore is collected seedling 10～25 days.Control manipulation, for change the conditions such as power flow time of the water frequency and every day in conjunction with illumination, water temperature, increase, impels a large amount of formation of sporangial branchlets with ripe.
3. conchospore is collected seedling.The suitable time of collecting seedling is to early October in 9 months.When larval rearing water is down to 23 ℃, the conchospore day amount of diffusing of every piece of shell reaches 100,000 when above, can arrange to collect seedling.Collect seedling and adopt pump bath mode.50～80m
2nursery pond, is equipped with the water pump of 1 0.75～2.2 kilowatt.180 square metres of lace curtainings of 5～6 square metres of seedlings growing area laies.Often stir during this time lace curtaining, keep lace curtaining in pond to be uniformly distributed.Spatfall density for adhering to standard, adopts the loose vinylon monofilament of lace curtaining to check as spatfall with conchospore germination, and monofilament spatfall amount reaches 50～100 every centimetre and is advisable; With netting twine, check spatfall, with 10～15/visual field (microscope 10 * 10), be advisable.Spatfall checks that reaching requirement should go out pond in time, and arranges next group lace curtaining to enter pond to continue to collect seedling.The same day, the lace curtaining of spatfall quantity not sufficient can continue to collect seedling on the 2nd day.Going out Chi Miao net should plunge into the commercial sea and hang up in time, and the seedling net that can not hang up in time should be supported temporarily.Seedling net can be placed on to ventilating and cooling place, keep seedling net moistening.
Cultivation sea area need be chosen in the region of isolation relative to other cultivation areas, should be away from river mouth and pollution source, and substrate is advisable with sandy, argillo arenaceous, and beach face is smooth, less than falling.It is more suitable tidal level of seedling net seeding stage that tidal level should select large flood tide to do 4～5 hours, and becoming dish cultivation sea area is the dry sea area of revealing 3～5 hours of large flood tide.Nutritive salt should select nitrogenous total amount per ton more than 200 milligrams, seawater velocity in the sea area of 10～30 centimetres per second as cultivation sea area.Manage identical with other laver cultivation managements.
In step (2), in the frond the most vigorous time period (the 2-3 month) of growth, gather this breeding F
1for frond, it is kind of an algae.
The frond gathering in step (3) need be cleaned kind of algae, dewater, dry in the shade with clean sea water to frond surface that one deck salt efflorescence is standby or to carry out temperature be that the stored frozen of-18～-20 ℃ is standby again
Step (5) is the F that promotes the use of fine strains for what gather that carpospore carries out seedling fostering
1in generation, is planted algae.
1000m
2laver seedling fostering chamber, adopt the method to carry out seedling fostering effect and reach 1.73 mu/m
2, every square of shell is collected seedling efficiency over 1 mu/m of porphyra yezoensis
2the level of production.Porphyra yezoensis sea area is cultivated annual output and is reached 4.023 casees/mu, than Jiangsu Province's average yield then, has increased by 23.245%, and fabricated product quality improves, and than average, has improved 8.31%.
Claims (7)
1. a method for porphyra yezoensis breeding application, comprising:
(1) pure lines breeding filament germplasm carries out shell conchocelis cultivation at the nursery pond of provenance isolation, carries out conchospore and collect seedling after filamentous seedling maturation;
(2) pure lines breeding seedling net carries out reproductive habit recovery in the cultivation of isolation sea area, cultivates to the ripe gamogenesis cell that forms of frond;
(3) at the ripe frond of the online collection of pure lines breeding cultivation, be this breeding F
1in generation, is planted algae;
(4) with clean sea water by kind of an algae clean, dewater, dry in the shade standby or store-20 ℃ standby;
(5) for what gather that carpospore carries out seedling fostering, be the F that promotes the use of fine strains
1in generation, is planted algae.
2. the method for a kind of porphyra yezoensis breeding according to claim 1 application, is characterized in that: water is changed in the cultivation later stage increase of the middle pure lines of described step (1) breeding filament germplasm and flowing water impels maturation.
3. the method for a kind of porphyra yezoensis breeding according to claim 1 application, it is characterized in that: in described step (1), training seedling matrix selects fresh clam shell, oyster shell or freshwater mussel shell for training seedling matrix, washes and use chlorine dioxide liquid soaking disinfection; Employing is through the seawater of more than 7 days dark precipitation, salinity 22～26, pH value 8.0～8.3; It is 100～150 sections, every square centimeter of shell that filamentous is thrown in density.
4. the method for a kind of porphyra yezoensis breeding according to claim 1 application, is characterized in that: in described step (1), nurturing period water temperature is 14～27 ℃; Filamentous Germination Temperature is 15～20 ℃; Thread algal filament growth temperature is 20～25 ℃; It is 20～25 ℃ that sporangial branchlets forms with growth temperature; Conchospore forms and diffuses temperature is 18～23 ℃.
5. the method for a kind of porphyra yezoensis breeding according to claim 1 application, it is characterized in that: select in described step (2) seawater velocity in the sea area of 10～30 centimetres per second as cultivation sea area, nutritive salt selects nitrogenous total amount per ton more than 200 milligrams.
6. the method for a kind of porphyra yezoensis breeding according to claim 1 application, is characterized in that: in described step (3), in the frond the most vigorous time period of growth, gather ripe frond.
7. the method for a kind of porphyra yezoensis breeding according to claim 1 application, is characterized in that: described step (5) is the F that promotes the use of fine strains for what gather that carpospore carries out seedling fostering
1in generation, is planted algae.
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Cited By (8)
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| CN104365468A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2015-02-25 | 江苏省海洋水产研究所 | Stereoscopic culturing system and method of porphyra yezoensis shell protonema |
| CN104782472A (en) * | 2015-05-14 | 2015-07-22 | 海安县兰波实业有限公司 | Large-scale seedling breeding method for porphyra yezoensis |
| CN105145329A (en) * | 2015-09-15 | 2015-12-16 | 宁波太空红水产养殖有限公司 | Method for promoting concentrated maturity of conchospores of porphyra haitanensis |
| CN105557499A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-05-11 | 宁波大学 | Conchospore seedling collection method for Porphyra haitanensis |
| CN109906934A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-06-21 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | A method of promoting the formation of Porphyra yezoensis filamentous conchosporangia |
| CN110249996A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-09-20 | 集美大学 | It is a kind of reuse shell substrate method and seaweed shell conchocelis breeding method |
| CN111084092A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-01 | 集美大学 | Shell growth base and method for observing filament without damage |
| CN114731943A (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2022-07-12 | 常熟理工学院 | Method for preparing porphyra yezoensis fruit spores |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104365468A (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2015-02-25 | 江苏省海洋水产研究所 | Stereoscopic culturing system and method of porphyra yezoensis shell protonema |
| CN104782472A (en) * | 2015-05-14 | 2015-07-22 | 海安县兰波实业有限公司 | Large-scale seedling breeding method for porphyra yezoensis |
| CN105145329A (en) * | 2015-09-15 | 2015-12-16 | 宁波太空红水产养殖有限公司 | Method for promoting concentrated maturity of conchospores of porphyra haitanensis |
| CN105557499A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-05-11 | 宁波大学 | Conchospore seedling collection method for Porphyra haitanensis |
| CN105557499B (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2018-07-17 | 宁波大学 | A kind of Conchospores of Porphyra Hait Anensis is collected seedling method |
| CN109906934A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-06-21 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | A method of promoting the formation of Porphyra yezoensis filamentous conchosporangia |
| CN110249996A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-09-20 | 集美大学 | It is a kind of reuse shell substrate method and seaweed shell conchocelis breeding method |
| CN111084092A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-01 | 集美大学 | Shell growth base and method for observing filament without damage |
| CN111084092B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2022-04-29 | 集美大学 | Shell growth base and method for observing filament without damage |
| CN114731943A (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2022-07-12 | 常熟理工学院 | Method for preparing porphyra yezoensis fruit spores |
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