CN104106462B - A kind of method of Porphyra yezoensis Ueda breeding application - Google Patents
A kind of method of Porphyra yezoensis Ueda breeding application Download PDFInfo
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- CN104106462B CN104106462B CN201410318452.4A CN201410318452A CN104106462B CN 104106462 B CN104106462 B CN 104106462B CN 201410318452 A CN201410318452 A CN 201410318452A CN 104106462 B CN104106462 B CN 104106462B
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Abstract
A kind of method that the present invention relates to Porphyra yezoensis Ueda breeding application, including: (1) pure lines breeding filament germplasm, carry out shell conchocelis cultivation at kind of a nursery pond for source isolation, treat that filamentous maturation carries out conchospore and collects seedling；(2) pure lines breeding Seedling net kainic acid effect, carries out reproductive trait recovery；(3) ripe breeding F is gathered1For frond, as kind of an algae；(4) kind of an algae clean sea water is cleaned, be dehydrated, dry in the shade standby or store 20 DEG C standby, i.e. can be used for breeding productivity carpospore gather, carry out collecting seedling and seed cultivation.The present invention solves the inoculation shell nursery of breeding free conchocelis, and later stage accelerating measure difficulty is controlled, and conchospore efficiency of collecting seedling is low, and breeding difficulty educates the production problem of difficult popularization, it is achieved that breeding scale breeding and for kind.This technology makes breeding application have more operability and generalization, has promoted Thallus Porphyrae improved variety production process.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Thallus Porphyrae breeding application, particularly to a kind of method of Porphyra yezoensis Ueda breeding application.
Background technology
Thallus Porphyrae be a kind of Sargassum being grown in coastal Intertidal zone belong to Rhodophyta (Rhodophyta), Rhodophyceae (Rhodophyceae),
Bangia fuscopurpurea subclass (Bangiophycidae), Bangiales (Bangiales), Bangia fuscopurpurea section (Bangiaceae), Porphyra
(Porphyra).Thallus Porphyrae delicious flavour is always that the coastal common people pluck edible Sargassum.At present, southern porphyra haitanensis and the north
Porphyra yezoensis Ueda Thallus Porphyrae be the important Economical cultivation Sargassum of China.
China's Porphyra yezoensis Ueda main producing region is positioned at Jiangsu Coastal Areas, and cultivation Thallus Porphyrae kind source comes from the wild species in area, Qingdao
Group.Traditional porphyra breeding method, grower chooses kind of an algae annual spring from the thallus colony of cultivation Thallus Porphyrae, or from certainly
So gathering original seed frond in the wild population of distribution, obtained carpospore by these ripe fronds, Thallus Porphyrae carpospore is fertilization
Product, inoculation shell cultivates filamentous, enters and is cultivated ripe filamentous by these again autumn and obtain conchospore germination and become Thallus Porphyrae
Thallus, such operation cannot avoid the character Quality Down of cultigen matter, and the disaster type disease of generating period is rotten.Tradition
Although method for culturing seedlings solve source and the count issue of " seed ", but and quality problems of unresolved Thallus Porphyrae " seed ".State
Inside and outside algologist studies discovery, and it is very suitable that Porphyra Lines is used as preserving seed, and can pass through
Selection-breeding forms the pure lines breeding kind matter that character is relatively stable, and the superiority carrying out seed cultivation with its replacement carpospore is aobvious and easy
See.But in Thallus Porphyrae fine-variety breeding purification process, often occur that breeding seedling maturation is more difficult, thus at Thallus Porphyrae breeding
Occurring in popularization and application that filamentous seed cultivation is collected seedling the low 'bottleneck' restrictions of benefit etc. by conchospore, the existence of these problems makes mesh
The popularization and application of front Thallus Porphyrae breeding are difficult to meet scale for the cultivation and production requirement planted.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of method of Porphyra yezoensis Ueda breeding application, this method solves
Breeding filamentous maturation is difficult, conchospore collects seedling inefficient problem, improves breeding scale and supplies kind of an ability, has promoted Thallus Porphyrae
Improved variety production process.
A kind of method of the Porphyra yezoensis Ueda breeding application of the present invention, including:
(1) pure lines breeding filament germplasm carries out shell conchocelis cultivation, after filamentous seedling maturation at kind of a nursery pond for source isolation
Carry out conchospore to collect seedling；
(2) pure lines breeding Seedling net carries out reproductive habit recovery at isolation kainic acid effect, cultivates to frond maturation formation gamogenesis thin
Born of the same parents.
(3) at the pure lines breeding cultivation ripe frond of online collection, for this breeding F1In generation, plants algae；
(4) kind of an algae is cleaned with clean sea water, be dehydrated, dry in the shade or store-20 DEG C, i.e. can be used for breeding seed cultivation.
(5) for gather carpospore carry out seed cultivation for the F that promotes the use of fine strains1In generation, plants algae.
In described step (1), water is changed in the cultivation later stage increase of pure lines breeding filament germplasm and flowing water promotes maturation.
In described step (1), seedlings cultivating substrate selects fresh Conch Meretricis seu Cyclinae shell, Concha Ostreae or mussel shell to be seedlings cultivating substrate, washes
And with chlorine dioxide liquid soaking disinfection；Use the sea water of dark precipitation, salinity 22～26, pH value 8.0～8.3 through more than 7 days；
It is every square centimeter of shell 100～150 sections that filamentous throws in density.
In described step (1), nurturing period water temperature is 14～27 DEG C；Filamentous Germination Temperature is 15～20 DEG C；Thread algal filament
Growth temperature is 20～25 DEG C；It is 20～25 DEG C that sporangial branchlets is formed with growth temperature；Conchospore is formed and diffuses temperature
It it is 18～23 DEG C.
Described step (2) select seawater velocity select as cultivation sea area, nutritive salt in the sea area of 10～30 centimetres per second
Nitrogenous total amount is at more than 200 milligrams per ton.
Described step (3) is acquired ripe frond in the frond growth the most vigorous time period.
Described step (5) for gather carpospore carry out seed cultivation for the F that promotes the use of fine strains1In generation, plants algae.
Present invention application Thallus Porphyrae breeding F1Generation kind algae is carried out carpospore and collects seedling and seed cultivation, can be according to traditional seed cultivation side
Formula is managed, and decreases the production problem that later stage developmental regulation is difficult to grasp, and is obtaining productive receivers effect (1 mu of net
/m2Shell) while, in turn ensure that kainic acid effect Thallus Porphyrae breeding frond is best in quality, the production advantage of high yield.
Beneficial effect
The present invention cultivates seedling relative to free conchocelis inoculation shell, solves the problem that breeding seedling difficulty is educated, reaches rule
Modelling, for the ability planted, has promoted Thallus Porphyrae improved variety production process so that breeding application has more operability and generalization；
Frond healthy growth is good, and cultivation yield and quality reach the level of high and stable yields and high-quality.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is expanded on further.Should be understood that these embodiments be merely to illustrate the present invention and
It is not used in restriction the scope of the present invention.In addition, it is to be understood that after having read the content that the present invention lectures, people in the art
The present invention can be made various changes or modifications by member, and these equivalent form of values fall within the application appended claims equally and limited
Scope.
Embodiment 1
(1) pure lines breeding filament germplasm carries out shell conchocelis cultivation, after filamentous seedling maturation at kind of a nursery pond for source isolation
Carry out conchospore to collect seedling；
(2) pure lines breeding Seedling net carries out reproductive habit recovery at isolation kainic acid effect, cultivates to frond maturation formation gamogenesis thin
Born of the same parents.
(3) at the pure lines breeding cultivation ripe frond of online collection, for this breeding F1In generation, plants algae；
(4) kind of an algae is cleaned with clean sea water, be dehydrated, dry in the shade or store-20 DEG C, i.e. can be used for breeding seed cultivation.
(5) for gather carpospore carry out seed cultivation for the F that promotes the use of fine strains1In generation, plants algae.
In step (1), breeding filamentous seed cultivation need to be carried out at a nursery pond for kind of source isolation, and the later stage increase change water and
Flowing water promotes maturation.
Breeding method is specific as follows:
1. the seed cultivation time started is the first tenday period of a month in mid-April to May, and water temperature 15 DEG C～20 DEG C is advisable.Seedlings cultivating substrate is selected fresh
Conch Meretricis seu Cyclinae shell, Concha Ostreae or mussel shell are seedlings cultivating substrate, wash and with 1～2 g ton chlorine dioxide liquid soaking disinfections.Use
The sea water of dark precipitation, salinity 22～26, pH value 8.0～8.3 through more than 7 days.It is every square centimeter of shellfish that filamentous throws in density
Shell 100～150 sections.Filamentous is cut to 200～300 microns through food masher, calculates use by the input densimeter determined
Amount.The latter 3 days planted agents that collect seedling close the doors and windows and pull on all curtain, reduce seedling rearing room illumination, are beneficial to algal filament boring and sprout.
2. cultivating and managing.During conchocelis breeding every day answer itemized record weather, water temperature, scrub, change water, filamentous growth,
The situations such as growth and disease generation.Nurturing period water temperature 14～27 DEG C are advisable.The preference temperature that filamentous is sprouted is 15～20 DEG C；
Thread algal filament growth preference temperature is 20～25 DEG C；It is 20～25 DEG C that sporangial branchlets is formed with growth preference temperature；Conchospore
The preference temperature formed and diffuse is 18～23 DEG C.High light to be avoided and direct light during cultivation.Thread algal filament grows suitable light
According to for 3000 meter candles, sporangial branchlets form growth and conchospore to form suitable illumination be 1500 meter candles.It is preordained every 15～20
Phase carries out scrubbing shell and changing water.Need before scrubbing to use freshwater soaking shell 24 hours, shell dry dew should be avoided when scrubbing and damage,
Change water it should be noted that the change of seawater salinity.Shell face occurs when algae falls, by Shi Banfei (N:7 gram of sea water per ton, P:1.5 gram)；
Algal filament is covered with shell face and changes Shi Quanfei (N:14 gram of sea water per ton, P:3 gram).Late August does not occurs sporangial branchlets or formation yet
Measuring on the low side, should take to promote that sporangial branchlets is formed and growth measure, the suitable phase is before conchospore is collected seedling 10～25 days.Regulation and control behaviour
As combining the conditions such as illumination, water temperature, the increase power flow time changing the water frequency and every day, promote a large amount of shape of sporangial branchlets
Become with ripe.
3. conchospore is collected seedling.Suitable time of collecting seedling is to early October in 9 months.When larval rearing water is down to 23 DEG C, every piece of shell
The conchospore day amount of diffusing when reaching more than 100,000, can arrange to collect seedling.Collect seedling and use pump bath mode.50～80m2
Nursery pond, is equipped with the water pump of 1 0.75～2.2 kilowatt.180 square metres of lace curtainings of 5～6 square metres of seedlings growing area laies.Period warp
Often stir lace curtaining, keep lace curtaining in pond to be uniformly distributed.Spatfall density, with conchospore germination for attachment standard, uses lace curtaining to dissipate head
Vinylon monofilament checks as spatfall, and monofilament spatfall amount reaches 50～100 every centimetre and is advisable；Spatfall is checked with netting twine,
It is advisable with the 10～15/visual field (microscope 10 × 10).Spatfall checks that reaching requirement should go out pond in time, and arranges next group net
Curtain enters pond to be continued to collect seedling.The same day, the lace curtaining of spatfall amount deficiency can continue to collect seedling on the 2nd day.Go out Chi Miao net should plunge into the commercial sea in time and hang up,
The Seedling net that can not hang up in time should be supported temporarily.Seedling net can be placed on ventilating and cooling place, keep Seedling net to moisten.
Cultivation sea area need to select in the region being relatively isolated with other cultivation areas, should away from river mouth and polluter, substrate with sandy,
Argillo arenaceous is advisable, and beach face is smooth, less than fall.It is that the Seedling net seeding stage is appropriate that tidal level preferably selects big flood tide to do 4～5 hours
Tidal level, becoming dish cultivation sea area is that big flood tide does the dew sea area of 3～5 hours.Nutritive salt should select nitrogenous total amount per ton 200
More than Hao Ke, seawater velocity 10～30 centimetres per second sea area as cultivation sea area.Management and other Thallus Porphyrae cultivation managements
Identical.
Step (2) is acquired this breeding F in the frond growth the most vigorous time period (the 2-3 month)1It is kind of an algae for frond.
Kind of an algae need to be cleaned with clean sea water, is dehydrated by the frond gathered in step (3), drying in the shade to frond surface has one layer of salt
Frost is standby or to carry out temperature again be-18～the stored frozen of-20 DEG C is standby
Step (5) for gather carpospore carry out seed cultivation for the F that promotes the use of fine strains1In generation, plants algae.
1000m2Thallus Porphyrae seed cultivation room, use the method to carry out seed cultivation effect and reach 1.73 mu/m2, every square of shell is adopted
Seedling efficiency exceedes 1 mu/m of Porphyra yezoensis Ueda2The level of production.Porphyra yezoensis Ueda kainic acid effect year, yield reached 4.023 casees/mu, than
Jiangsu Province's average product adds 23.245% then, and fabricated product Quality advance, than averagely improve 8.31%.
Claims (4)
1. a method for Porphyra yezoensis Ueda breeding application, including:
(1) pure lines breeding filament germplasm carries out shell conchocelis cultivation at kind of a nursery pond for source isolation, carries out after filamentous seedling maturation
Conchospore is collected seedling；Wherein, seedlings cultivating substrate selects fresh Conch Meretricis seu Cyclinae shell, Concha Ostreae or mussel shell to be seedlings cultivating substrate, washes and uses
Chlorine dioxide liquid soaking disinfection；Use the sea water of dark precipitation, salinity 22～26, pH value 8.0～8.3 through more than 7 days；Thread
It is every square centimeter of shell 100～150 sections that body throws in density；Nurturing period water temperature is 14～27 DEG C；Filamentous Germination Temperature is
15～20 DEG C；Thread algal filament growth temperature is 20～25 DEG C；It is 20～25 DEG C that sporangial branchlets is formed with growth temperature；Conchospore
Being formed and diffusing temperature is 18～23 DEG C；
(2) pure lines breeding Seedling net carries out reproductive habit recovery at isolation kainic acid effect, cultivates to frond maturation formation gamogenesis cell；
Wherein, select seawater velocity 10～30 centimetres per second sea area as cultivation sea area, nutritive salt select nitrogenous total amount per ton
More than 200 milligrams；
(3) at the pure lines breeding cultivation ripe frond of online collection, for this breeding F1In generation, plants algae；
(4) with clean sea water kind of an algae is cleaned, be dehydrated, dry in the shade standby or store-20 DEG C standby；
(5) for gather carpospore carry out seed cultivation for the F that promotes the use of fine strains1In generation, plants algae.
The method of a kind of Porphyra yezoensis Ueda breeding application the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described step (1)
Water is changed in the cultivation later stage increase of middle pure lines breeding filament germplasm and flowing water promotes maturation.
The method of a kind of Porphyra yezoensis Ueda breeding application the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described step (3)
In grow the most vigorous time period at frond and be acquired ripe frond.
The method of a kind of Porphyra yezoensis Ueda breeding application the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described step (5)
For gather carpospore carry out seed cultivation for the F that promotes the use of fine strains1In generation, plants algae.
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104365468B (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2016-09-28 | 江苏省海洋水产研究所 | Porphyra yezoensis Ueda shell conchocelis stereoscopic culture system and cultural method thereof |
| CN104782472A (en) * | 2015-05-14 | 2015-07-22 | 海安县兰波实业有限公司 | Large-scale seedling breeding method for porphyra yezoensis |
| CN105145329B (en) * | 2015-09-15 | 2017-07-11 | 宁波太空红水产养殖有限公司 | It is a kind of to promote Conchospores of Porphyra Hait Anensis to concentrate ripe method |
| CN105557499B (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2018-07-17 | 宁波大学 | A kind of Conchospores of Porphyra Hait Anensis is collected seedling method |
| CN109906934A (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2019-06-21 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | A method of promoting the formation of Porphyra yezoensis filamentous conchosporangia |
| CN110249996A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-09-20 | 集美大学 | It is a kind of reuse shell substrate method and seaweed shell conchocelis breeding method |
| CN111084092B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2022-04-29 | 集美大学 | Shell growth base and method for observing filament without damage |
| CN114731943A (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2022-07-12 | 常熟理工学院 | Method for preparing porphyra yezoensis fruit spores |
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