CN104273446A - 一种可调血糖和血脂的保健保鲜年糕及其制作方法 - Google Patents
一种可调血糖和血脂的保健保鲜年糕及其制作方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种可调血糖和血脂的保健保鲜年糕及其制作方法,该年糕的原料配方按重量百分比计为:粳米70~85%,鹊肾树叶提取物2~5%,槭叶草根提取物1.5~3%,糯米藤提取物1.5~3%,毛竹笋头提取物1.5~3%,翁布枝叶粉4~8%,元宝枫籽油2~5%,果胶粉1.5~3%。将上述原料经过合理处理后制成年糕,组方合理,各味原料协同作用强,生物利用度高,营养元素更均衡丰富,在提高年糕抑菌、防腐、持水能力,延缓老化进程及延长货架期的同时又赋予降糖降脂功能,且口感软滑柔韧,气味清香,常食能调节血糖和血脂,强身健体。特别适合糖尿病、高血压、高血脂患者和肥胖人群食用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于食品技术领域,特别是涉及一种可调血糖和血脂的保健保鲜年糕及其制作方法。
背景技术
年糕是深受我国人民喜爱的传统米制食品。目前市场上所售及人们广为食用的年糕,其以粳米或粳米加少量糯米为主要原料,经过浸泡、水磨、压榨、蒸煮、挤压成型等一系列工序加工而成。虽然口感香糯自然、咬劲十足,但其主要成分为淀粉和水分,还包含少量蛋白质,是一种营养元素相对较少的高能量食物。如果不加节制,容易造成人体肥胖,甚至血液中胆固醇的含量会高于正常值,一旦胆固醇在血管内壁沉积下来,血管就会堵塞,高血脂病症也会随之而来。高血脂症是脑卒中、冠心病、心肌梗死、心脏猝死独立而重要的危险因素,高血脂症还可导致动脉粥样硬化、脂肪肝、胆石症、胰腺炎、周围血管疾病、高尿酸血症。因而使得一些糖尿病、高血压、高血脂患者及肥胖人群想吃又不敢多吃、常吃。再者,现有的年糕含水量和水分活度较高,很容易因细菌和霉菌的污染引起年糕腐变发霉,在储存和销售过程中放置很短时间就会出现老化硬变、表面龟裂、口感生硬、风味劣变等不良现象,使其失去食用价值,不仅造成较大的经济损失,而且误食后严重危害人体健康。
发明内容
针对上述问题,本发明的目的在于提供一种可调血糖和血脂的保健保鲜年糕及其制作方法,该方法制得的年糕口感软滑柔韧,营养元素更均衡丰富,在提高年糕抑菌、防腐、持水能力,延缓老化进程及延长货架期的同时又赋予降糖降脂功能,常食能调节血糖和血脂,强身健体。
为了实现本发明的目的,本发明人通过大量试验研究和不懈探索,最终获得了如下技术方案:
一种可调血糖和血脂的保健保鲜年糕,该年糕的原料配方按重量百分比计为:粳米70~85%,鹊肾树叶提取物2~5%,槭叶草根提取物1.5~3%,糯米藤提取物1.5~3%,毛竹笋头提取物1.5~3%,翁布枝叶粉4~8%,元宝枫籽油2~5%,果胶粉1.5~3%,所述果胶粉是由重量百分含量25~75%的白骨壤果实和25~75%的红楠叶制得;它的制作方法包括以下工艺步骤:
①制备鹊肾树叶、槭叶草根、糯米藤、毛竹笋头提取物:采集无腐烂、霉变的鹊肾树叶、槭叶草根、糯米藤、毛竹笋头分别去杂洗净,自然晾干,用万能植物粉碎机粉碎成25~50目粗粉,倒入浸提罐中,并加入粗粉7~18倍重量的水,在65℃~80℃条件下浸提1~3次,每次2~5小时,过滤,合并滤液过D101大孔吸附树脂柱,先用水洗,弃去水洗液,再用浓度为30~45wt%的乙醇洗脱,收集洗脱液,减压浓缩,喷雾干燥,分别制得固体粉状提取物;
②制备翁布枝叶粉:采集新鲜的翁布枝叶,洗净,自然晾干,用万能植物粉碎机粉碎成10~25目碎片,放入打浆机,并加入碎片重量3~15倍的水,打浆,压榨,得压榨液和压榨渣,压榨渣用35~65℃热水浸提1~3小时,过滤,得压榨汁,压榨汁与压榨液合并,滤液过D101大孔吸附树脂柱,先用水洗,弃去水洗液,再用浓度为30~50wt%的乙醇洗脱,收集洗脱液,减压浓缩,喷雾干燥,制得翁布枝叶粉;
③制备元宝枫籽油:采集无霉变的宝枫籽,烘干至含水量小于6%,粉碎成45~60目细粉,通过超临界CO2抽提的方法制得宝枫籽油;
④制备果胶粉:按配方称取新鲜和无腐烂的白骨壤果实、红楠叶分别洗净,先将配方量的白骨壤果实送入组织捣碎机打浆去籽,在去籽后的浆液中加入配方量的红楠叶,然后继续打浆10~25分钟,得混合浆,倒入浸提罐中,加入混合浆2~5倍重量的水,萃取1~3小时,再加入混合浆0.1~0.3倍重量浓度为25~35wt%的HCI溶液,在90~95℃条件下萃取20~30分钟,加入混合浆重量3%的活性炭进行脱色,过滤,滤液真空浓缩至原滤液体积的1/3,得浓缩液,冷却,加入浓缩液2倍体积的浓度为90~95wt%的乙醇,充分搅拌15分钟,在0℃~5℃条件下静置6~10小时,倾去上层溶液,取沉淀物,真空干燥并粉碎,制得果胶粉;
⑤按配方称取粳米,加入粳米3~6倍重量5~10℃的水,浸泡12~24小时,淘洗,沥干、送入磨浆机,边磨边加水磨成粳米浆;
⑥在步骤⑤的粳米浆中加入配方量的果胶粉混匀,灌入150目滤布袋内,封住滤布袋口,用压力机压滤成水分含量≤20%时,脱开滤布袋口取出,制得粳米粉块;
⑦将步骤⑥的粳米粉块放入粉碎机粉碎成120目细粉,在细粉中加入配方量的鹊肾树叶提取物、槭叶草根提取物、糯米藤提取物、毛竹笋头提取物、翁布枝叶粉、元宝枫籽油混匀,用120~150℃水蒸气蒸煮10~15分钟,送入年糕成型机制成所需形状的年糕坯,冷却,即制得可调血糖和血脂的保健保鲜年糕。
本发明采用的各种原料的功效作用:
粳米,甘、平。含淀粉、蛋白质、脂肪、维生素A、维生素E、硫胺素及纤维素、钙、磷、铁等营养物质。具有健脾胃、补中气、养阴生津、除烦止渴、固肠止泻等作用。
鹊肾树叶是桑科Moraceae鹊肾树Streblus asper的叶子,国内外已有文献对鹊肾树叶的药理和化学成分进行了研究报道,鹊肾树叶中含有邻羟基苯甲酸、β-谷甾醇、β-胡萝卜苷、齐墩果酸、厚朴酚、槲皮素和二氢槲皮素等成分,具有扩张冠状血管,降低血脂,抗血小板聚集,抗癌防癌、抗自由基、抗贫血、抗炎、抗过敏等多种生物活性及药理作用[梁成钦等,“鹊肾树叶化学成分研”《中成药》2010年第5期]。与糖代谢和胰岛素作用密切相关的钾、钙、钠、镁、铁、锰、锶、锌、铜等微量元素含量较高,能参与人体的糖代谢,明显改善糖耐量[蒙爱萍等,“鹊肾树叶无机元素含量的测定”《光谱实验室》2011年第1期]。
槭叶草(Mukdenia rossii(Oliv.)Koidz.)是虎耳草科(Saxifragaceae)槭叶草属(Mukdenia)多年生草本植物,别名腊八菜、抓山虎。性平,其性平,味甘、微苦,入心经,具有养心安神的功效,常被用于补心阳、益心血。其根部含有总黄酮、蛋白质、可溶性糖、淀粉、总磷和总氮等多种有效成分。现代药理研究证明,槭叶草黄酮对脑血损伤有良好的保护作用,且在降血脂、降血压方面有明显的疗效[宫敬利等“不同生长阶段槭叶草块根中有效成分含量比较”《安徽农业科学》2010年34期]。
糯米藤,又称糯米草、生扯拢、筲箕藤等,为荨麻科蔓苧麻属植物糯米团Memo-rialishirta(Bl.)Wedd.的干燥全草,性甘苦、凉;具有清热解毒,健脾消积,利湿消肿,散瘀止血等功效。研究表明,糯米藤中含有异鼠李素、山柰酚、槲皮素、异鼠李素-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷、山柰酚-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷、异鼠李素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷、山柰酚-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷、槲皮素-3-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷、异鼠李素-3-O-芸香糖苷、山柰酚-3-O-芸香糖苷、和槲皮素-3-O-芸香糖苷等化学成分。有明显的凝血、抗炎、抑菌、扩张冠状血管、降低血脂、降低血糖、抗氧化、抗肿瘤等多种重要生理和药理作用[雷军等,“糯米藤化学成分研究”《中成药》2013年第7期]。
毛竹为禾本科竹亚科刚竹属多年生常绿植物,主要种植于浙江、福建等省,毛竹笋是指毛竹生长幼嫩时期的可食用部分,一般由包裹笋体的笋壳、可食部分的笋肉、木质化较高的笋头三部分组成,笋头位于毛竹笋的头部,约占整个竹笋的40%,基本作为废弃物处理。近年来的研究发现,毛竹笋头中含有粗蛋白、粗脂肪、膳食纤维、灰分、可溶性糖、黄酮、三萜、植物甾醇等成分,具有调节人体肠胃功能、防便秘、降低胆固醇、调节血糖等功效。可防治高血脂症、高血压、冠心病、肥胖病、糖尿病、肠癌及痔疮等疾病[吕国提,“毛竹笋头中β-谷甾醇的提取分离研究”《华中农业大学硕士学位论文》2013年]。现代药理研究证明,植物甾醇在拮抗胆固醇、预防心血管疾病方面表现出良好的效果,同时还具有调节生长、促进蛋白质合成、抗炎、抗氧化、抗癌、免疫调节及类激素等生理功能[谢心美等,“植物甾醇的生理功能及其应用”《草业科学》2013年第12期]。
翁布为柽柳科水柏枝属植物,主要分布于青藏高原,嫩枝叶入药,民间常用于治疗风湿痹痛。现代药理实验研究表明,翁布具有抗氧化、抗疲劳、抑菌、清热解毒、抗炎镇痛等作用。翁布枝叶含有3,5,4’-三羟基-7,3’-二甲氧基黄酮、3,5,4’-三羟基-7-甲氧基黄酮、3,5,3’,4’-四羟基-7-甲氧基黄酮、3,5,7-三羟基-4’-甲氧基黄酮、柽柳素、山柰酚、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷、5,7,4’-三羟基-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸、槲皮苷、阿福豆苷等黄酮类化合物,可保护心脑血管,降低高血脂、动脉硬化引起的血管脆性[喇晓琴等,“藏药翁布的黄酮类化学成分研究”《天然产物研究与开发》2011年4期]。且藏药翁布对金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、变形杆菌和大肠杆菌等多种菌都有显著的抑菌作用[鲍敏等,“藏药翁布体外抑菌作用研究”《山东中医杂志》2005年12期]。
元宝枫籽为槭树科槭属(Acer)植物元宝枫树(Acer truncatumBge)的种仁,含有多种人体必需脂肪酸和脂溶性维生素E,并含有类胡萝卜素和17种氨基酸,其中不饱和脂肪酸含量高达92%,尤其是神经酸的含量为5.52%、亚油酸42.37%、油酸18.65%,具有抗肿瘤、防止神经纤维萎缩、脑细胞衰老、心血管病等功效,对几种常见的食品腐败菌有广泛的抑制作用,特别是对大肠杆菌、桔草芽孢杆菌和黄曲霉菌的抗菌作用极佳[王性炎等,“新资源食品——元宝枫籽油”《中国油脂》2011年第9期]。
白骨壤(Aviccenia marina),又名海榄雌,为马鞭草科白骨壤属植物,从该属植物中分离得到的化合物主要有环烯醚萜苷、萘醌、甾体、黄酮、鞣质和三萜。其果实作为民间食物原料,具有较高的粗淀粉、可溶性总糖、粗纤维含量,具有一定含量的粗蛋白、粗脂肪、单宁、果胶及镁、锌、铁、铜、钒等微量元素,具有消暑凉血、降血压、生津止渴和利尿的功效[韩维栋等,“白骨壤果实的营养成分及含量”《林业科技》2007年第3期]。
红楠(Machilus thunbergii sieb et zucc)是樟科润楠属植物,又称猪脚楠,小楠,楠仔木,楠柴,浙江省慈溪地区俗称“钓樟”,其叶浓郁富有光泽,富含粘液质是多糖和蛋白质的复合物,其粘多糖部分的组成成分是阿拉伯糖、木糖、鼠李糖、半乳糖、葡萄糖和葡萄糖醛酸。现代营养学家发现粘液多糖和蛋白,能保持人体心血管的弹性,阻止动脉硬化,并能提高肌体的免疫力。
从检索的文献看,白骨壤果实、红楠叶作为功能性果胶的开发在国内外尽管已有较多研究。但白骨壤果实与红楠叶复配制成果胶粉至今罕见,本发明的发明人惊奇地发现,将山白骨壤果实、红楠叶复配经过处理后制得的果胶粉与元宝枫籽油配伍,各起其效又密切配合,除了具有良好的降血糖和血脂功能之外,呈现极显著的协效增粘性、凝胶性和成膜性,赋予年糕凝胶能力及持水能力,能有效地阻止了年糕芯的水分向年糕表面迁移而挥发,使年糕内部始终保持湿润、柔软,在储藏过程中表现出很好的抗老化性能,长期存放而不会硬变、龟裂,也不会腐变发霉,且表面色泽光亮,大大延长了保鲜期。
国内外对元宝枫籽、藏药翁布的研究虽已有诸多报道,而将元宝枫籽与藏药翁布通过多种途径的加工手段添加入年糕中抗菌、防腐和保鲜方面的应用目前还未发现。
本领域技术人员知晓,造成年糕腐败的主要微生物是青霉属、曲霉属的霉菌以及耐热性的芽孢杆菌。本发明的发明人进行大量摸索发现,元宝枫籽与翁布枝叶通过多种途径处理后配伍,协同增效,赋予年糕降血糖和血脂功能的同时使抗氧化、防腐、抗菌、保鲜具有协同增效作用,能有效抑制年糕中的青霉属、曲霉属,特别是耐热性芽孢杆菌的生长繁殖,显著提高年糕的感官品质,延长货架期。
本发明将鹊肾树叶、槭叶草根、糯米藤、毛竹笋头、翁布枝叶、白骨壤果实、红楠叶、元宝枫籽等原料通过处理添加入粳米中制作出的年糕,使各味原料的有效成分融合互补,协同增效,能够促进细胞内的糖代谢和糖原合成,抑制胰岛细胞凋亡和改善胰岛素抵抗,减轻脂类在动脉血管壁上的沉积,抑制内源性胆固醇合成。使本发明具有了抗菌消炎、抗氧化、抗血栓、清脂肪、减肥胖、清肠胃、助消化、清血管、排毒素、降血糖、降血脂,增强人体免疫力等多种生理活性和药理作用,对于预防与治疗肥胖症、高血脂、高血压、糖尿病、冠心病、心脑血管疾病、高尿酸血症、动脉粥样硬化等均有一定效果。
本发明的可调血糖和血脂的保健保鲜年糕,组方合理,各味原料协同作用强,生物利用度高,使各味原料的生物降糖降脂活性比单纯叠加的效益更显著,更具有天然生物抑菌、防腐、持水能力,延缓老化进程及延长货架期,且口感软滑柔韧,气味清香,常食能调节血糖和血脂,强身健体。是一种集营养、保健、食疗为一体的功能性年糕,特别适合糖尿病、高血压、高血脂患者和肥胖人群食用。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例,进一步阐述本发明。但这些实施例仅限于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的保护范围。
实施例一
1.原料预处理:
①制备鹊肾树叶、槭叶草根、糯米藤、毛竹笋头提取物:采集无腐烂、霉变的鹊肾树叶、槭叶草根、糯米藤、毛竹笋头分别去杂洗净,自然晾干,用万能植物粉碎机粉碎成25目粗粉,倒入浸提罐中,并加入粗粉15倍重量的水,在65℃条件下浸提3次,每次2小时,过滤,合并滤液过D101大孔吸附树脂柱,先用水洗,弃去水洗液,再用浓度为35wt%的乙醇洗脱,收集沈脱液,减压浓缩,喷雾干燥,分别制得固体粉状提取物;
②制备翁布枝叶粉:采集新鲜的翁布枝叶,洗净,自然晾干,用万能植物粉碎机粉碎成15目碎片,放入打浆机,并加入碎片重量9倍的水,打浆,压榨,得压榨液和压榨渣,压榨渣用45℃热水浸提3小时,过滤,得压榨汁,压榨汁与压榨液合并,滤液过D101大孔吸附树脂柱,先用水洗,弃去水洗液,再用浓度为45wt%的乙醇洗脱,收集洗脱液,减压浓缩,喷雾干燥,制得翁布枝叶粉;
③制备元宝枫籽油:采集无霉变的宝枫籽,烘干至含水量小于6%,粉碎成45目细粉,通过超临界CO2抽提的方法制得宝枫籽油;
④制备果胶粉:称取新鲜和无腐烂的白骨壤果实65kg、红楠叶35kg分别洗净,先将白骨壤果实65kg送入组织捣碎机打浆去籽,在去籽后的浆液中加入红楠叶35kg,然后继续打浆10分钟,得混合浆,倒入浸提罐中,加入混合浆3倍重量的水,萃取2小时,再加入混合浆0.1倍重量浓度为30wt%的HCI溶液,在90℃条件下萃取25分钟,加入混合浆重量3%的活性炭进行脱色,过滤,滤液真空浓缩至原滤液体积的1/3,得浓缩液,冷却,加入浓缩液2倍体积的浓度为95wt%的乙醇,充分搅拌15分钟,在2℃条件下静置8小时,倾去上层溶液,取沉淀物,真空干燥并粉碎,制得果胶粉。
2.原料配方:
粳米82kg,鹊肾树叶提取物3kg,槭叶草根提取物1.5kg,糯米藤提取物1.5kg,毛竹笋头提取物2kg,翁布枝叶粉5kg,元宝枫籽油3.5kg,果胶粉1.5kg。
3.制备工艺步骤:
①称取粳米82kg,加入5℃的水246kg,浸泡24小时,淘洗,沥干、送入磨浆机,边磨边加水磨成粳米浆;
②在步骤的①粳米浆中加入果胶粉1.5kg混匀,灌入150目滤布袋内,封住滤布袋口,用压力机压滤成水分含量≤20%时,脱开滤布袋口取出,制得粳米粉块;
③将步骤②的粳米粉块放入粉碎机粉碎成120目细粉,在细粉中加入鹊肾树叶提取物3kg、槭叶草根提取物1.5kg、糯米藤提取物1.5kg、毛竹笋头提取物2kg、翁布枝叶粉5kg、元宝枫籽油3.5kg混匀,用120℃水蒸气蒸煮15分钟,送入年糕成型机制成所需形状的年糕坯,冷却,即制得可调血糖和血脂的保健保鲜年糕。
实施例二
1.原料预处理:
①制备鹊肾树叶、槭叶草根、糯米藤、毛竹笋头提取物:采集无腐烂、霉变的鹊肾树叶、槭叶草根、糯米藤、毛竹笋头分别去杂洗净,自然晾干,用万能植物粉碎机粉碎成45目粗粉,倒入浸提罐中,并加入粗粉12倍重量的水,在80℃条件下浸提2次,每次3小时,过滤,合并滤液过D101大孔吸附树脂柱,先用水洗,弃去水洗液,再用浓度为30wt%的乙醇洗脱,收集洗脱液,减压浓缩,喷雾干燥,分别制得固体粉状提取物;
②制备翁布枝叶粉:采集新鲜的翁布枝叶,洗净,自然晾干,用万能植物粉碎机粉碎成25目碎片,放入打浆机,并加入碎片重量10倍的水,打浆,压榨,得压榨液和压榨渣,压榨渣用65℃热水浸提2小时,过滤,得压榨汁,压榨汁与压榨液合并,滤液过D101大孔吸附树脂柱,先用水洗,弃去水洗液,再用浓度为45wt%的乙醇洗脱,收集洗脱液,减压浓缩,喷雾干燥,制得翁布枝叶粉;
③制备元宝枫籽油:采集无霉变的宝枫籽,烘干至含水量小于6%,粉碎成50目细粉,通过超临界CO2抽提的方法制得宝枫籽油;
④制备果胶粉:称取新鲜和无腐烂的白骨壤果实75kg、红楠叶25kg分别洗净,先将白骨壤果实75kg送入组织捣碎机打浆去籽,在去籽后的浆液中加入红楠叶25kg,然后继续打浆20分钟,得混合浆,倒入浸提罐中,加入混合浆2倍重量的水,萃取1小时,再加入混合浆0.2倍重量浓度为35wt%的HCI溶液,在95℃条件下萃取30分钟,加入混合浆重量3%的活性炭进行脱色,过滤,滤液真空浓缩至原滤液体积的1/3,得浓缩液,冷却,加入浓缩液2倍体积的浓度为90wt%的乙醇,充分搅拌15分钟,在5℃条件下静置6小时,倾去上层溶液,取沉淀物,真空干燥并粉碎,制得果胶粉。
2.原料配方:
粳米75kg,鹊肾树叶提取物4kg,槭叶草根提取物2.5kg,糯米藤提取物1.5kg,毛竹笋头提取物3kg,翁布枝叶粉7kg,元宝枫籽油4.5kg,果胶粉2.5kg。
3.制备工艺步骤:
①称取粳米75kg,加入10℃的水300kg,浸泡18小时,淘洗,沥干、送入磨浆机,边磨边加水磨成粳米浆;
②在步骤①的粳米浆中加入果胶粉2.5kg混匀,灌入150目滤布袋内,封住滤布袋口,用压力机压滤成水分含量≤20%时,脱开滤布袋口取出,制得粳米粉块;
③将步骤②的粳米粉块放入粉碎机粉碎成120目细粉,在细粉中加入鹊肾树叶提取物4kg、槭叶草根提取物2.5kg、糯米藤提取物1.5kg、毛竹笋头提取物3kg、翁布枝叶粉7kg、元宝枫籽油4.5kg混匀,用135℃水蒸气蒸煮10分钟,送入年糕成型机制成所需形状的年糕坯,冷却,即制得可调血糖和血脂的保健保鲜年糕。
Claims (1)
1.一种可调血糖和血脂的保健保鲜年糕,其特征在于,该年糕的原料配方按重量百分比计为:粳米70~85%,鹊肾树叶提取物2~5%,槭叶草根提取物1.5~3%,糯米藤提取物1.5~3%,毛竹笋头提取物1.5~3%,翁布枝叶粉4~8%,元宝枫籽油2~5%,果胶粉1.5~3%,所述果胶粉是由重量百分含量25~75%的白骨壤果实和25~75%的红楠叶制得;它的制作方法包括以下工艺步骤:
①制备鹊肾树叶、槭叶草根、糯米藤、毛竹笋头提取物:采集无腐烂、霉变的鹊肾树叶、槭叶草根、糯米藤、毛竹笋头分别去杂洗净,自然晾干,用万能植物粉碎机粉碎成25~50目粗粉,倒入浸提罐中,并加入粗粉7~18倍重量的水,在65℃~80℃条件下浸提1~3次,每次2~5小时,过滤,合并滤液过D101大孔吸附树脂柱,先用水洗,弃去水洗液,再用浓度为30~45wt%的乙醇洗脱,收集洗脱液,减压浓缩,喷雾干燥,分别制得固体粉状提取物;
②制备翁布枝叶粉:采集新鲜的翁布枝叶,洗净,自然晾干,用万能植物粉碎机粉碎成10~25目碎片,放入打浆机,并加入碎片重量3~15倍的水,打浆,压榨,得压榨液和压榨渣,压榨渣用35~65℃热水浸提1~3小时,过滤,得压榨汁,压榨汁与压榨液合并,滤液过D101大孔吸附树脂柱,先用水洗,弃去水洗液,再用浓度为30~50wt%的乙醇洗脱,收集洗脱液,减压浓缩,喷雾干燥,制得翁布枝叶粉;
③制备元宝枫籽油:采集无霉变的宝枫籽,烘干至含水量小于6%,粉碎成45~60目细粉,通过超临界CO2抽提的方法制得宝枫籽油;
④制备果胶粉:按配方称取新鲜和无腐烂的白骨壤果实、红楠叶分别洗净,先将配方量的白骨壤果实送入组织捣碎机打浆去籽,在去籽后的浆液中加入配方量的红楠叶,然后继续打浆10~25分钟,得混合浆,倒入浸提罐中,加入混合浆2~5倍重量的水,萃取1~3小时,再加入混合浆0.1~0.3倍重量浓度为25~35wt%的HCI溶液,在90~95℃条件下萃取20~30分钟,加入混合浆重量3%的活性炭进行脱色,过滤,滤液真空浓缩至原滤液体积的1/3,得浓缩液,冷却,加入浓缩液2倍体积的浓度为90~95wt%的乙醇,充分搅拌15分钟,在0℃~5℃条件下静置6~10小时,倾去上层溶液,取沉淀物,真空干燥并粉碎,制得果胶粉;
⑤按配方称取粳米,加入粳米3~6倍重量5~10℃的水,浸泡12~24小时,淘洗,沥干、送入磨浆机,边磨边加水磨成粳米浆;
⑥在步骤⑤的粳米浆中加入配方量的果胶粉混匀,灌入150目滤布袋内,封住滤布袋口,用压力机压滤成水分含量≤20%时,脱开滤布袋口取出,制得粳米粉块;
⑦将步骤⑥的粳米粉块放入粉碎机粉碎成120目细粉,在细粉中加入配方量的鹊肾树叶提取物、槭叶草根提取物、糯米藤提取物、毛竹笋头提取物、翁布枝叶粉、元宝枫籽油混匀,用120~150℃水蒸气蒸煮10~15分钟,送入年糕成型机制成所需形状的年糕坯,冷却,即制得可调血糖和血脂的保健保鲜年糕。
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