CN104271936B - 氧气传感器和具有氧气传感器的内燃机 - Google Patents

氧气传感器和具有氧气传感器的内燃机 Download PDF

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CN104271936B
CN104271936B CN201380024354.3A CN201380024354A CN104271936B CN 104271936 B CN104271936 B CN 104271936B CN 201380024354 A CN201380024354 A CN 201380024354A CN 104271936 B CN104271936 B CN 104271936B
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约翰内斯·安特
安德烈亚斯·威尔德根
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    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
    • F02D41/1439—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the position of the sensor
    • F02D41/144—Sensor in intake manifold
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/22—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with coolers in the recirculation passage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/45—Sensors specially adapted for EGR systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/10373—Sensors for intake systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/24—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means
    • F02D41/26—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents characterised by the use of digital means using computer, e.g. microprocessor
    • F02D41/28—Interface circuits
    • F02D2041/281—Interface circuits between sensors and control unit
    • F02D2041/285—Interface circuits between sensors and control unit the sensor having a signal processing unit external to the engine control unit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/04—Engine intake system parameters
    • F02D2200/0406—Intake manifold pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D41/0047—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR]
    • F02D41/0065—Specific aspects of external EGR control
    • F02D41/0072—Estimating, calculating or determining the EGR rate, amount or flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
    • F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
    • F02D41/1454—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an oxygen content or concentration or the air-fuel ratio
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/10373—Sensors for intake systems
    • F02M35/1038—Sensors for intake systems for temperature or pressure

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于检测内燃机的吸入部分中的氧气含量的传感器。传感器包括配备了测量电极的传感器元件、围绕传感器元件的金属罩、使传感器元件和金属罩相连的导热元件和构造为塑料壳体且容纳了用于传感器元件的分析电子件的传感器元件的支架。此外，还说明了一种内燃机，在其空气吸入部分中，这种传感器布置在增压空气冷却器和气缸体之间。

Description

氧气传感器和具有氧气传感器的内燃机
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于检测在内燃机的吸入部分中的氧气含量的传感器。本发明还针对一种具有这种氧气传感器的内燃机。
背景技术
在内燃机中，在一系列的情况中期待检测内燃机的吸入部分中的吸入空气中的氧气含量。这例如是以下情况，即，内燃机在吸入部分中配有用于废气再循环的装置。此时应当通过检测氧气含量测定废气再循环率。没有废气再循环时，吸入空气中的O2含量大约是21％，并且随着废气再循环份额的增加而降低。
根据现有技术，此时使用常规的线性Lambda探测器(Lambdasonden)作为氧气传感器，如其在内燃机的废气系的应用那样。因为这种Lambda探测器在废气中变得极热，因此其具有昂贵的耐高温壳体。因此，在现有技术中，使用耗费成本的且昂贵的装置来测量吸入气体中的氧气份额。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，实现一种用于检测内燃机的吸入部分中的氧气含量的传感器，其特征在于成本特别低廉的结构。
根据本发明，该目的通过用于检测内燃机的吸入部分中的氧气含量的传感器来实现，该传感器具有带传感器元件的测量电极、围绕传感器元件的金属罩、连接了传感器元件和金属罩的导热元件和传感器元件的支架，该支架构造为塑料壳体且容纳了用于传感器元件的分析电子件。
在根据本发明构造的传感器结构中，由传感器元件自身产生的热量，通过导热元件导出到围绕传感器元件的金属罩处，从而以这种方式使得传感器元件的支架并不变得过热。因此，这种支架不经受热加载，从而根据本发明，其能够构造为塑料壳体。此外，本发明的特征还在于，在这种塑料壳体中，放置了例如用于传感器元件的分析电子件，由此，继续简化了该结构。通过直接安装在传感器处的电子件，使得信号分析、特别是对相应的特征曲线的保存更容易。
除了这种氧气传感器之外，在很多情况中，在空气吸入部分中需要压力传感器，以便测量在空气吸入部分中产生的压力并且基于该测量能够执行相应的压力校正。在现有技术中，在此除了氧气传感器外，还配备了具有独有的装配孔的附加压力传感器。
在本发明的改进方案中，如下地构造用于检测氧气含量的传感器，使得其具有集成的压力传感器。因此，在本发明的这种实施方式中，使用以下传感器结构，其具有组合的氧气传感器和压力传感器。因此，能够取消附加的、分离的压力传感器。
在这种结构中，氧气传感器的塑料壳体还支承了压力传感器的传感器元件。在改进方案中，此时，塑料壳体还容纳了用于压力传感器的分析电子件。
氧气传感器的传感器元件特别包括长形盘状的载体和布置在其上的测量电极。传感器元件在此与金属罩同轴地延伸，该金属罩配备有一个或者多个开口，由此传感器元件的测量电极能够与吸入空气相接触。
重要的是，使传感器元件自身所产生的热量在到达用于达传感器元件的支架之前被排出。为了实现上述情况，根据本发明设置导热元件，其使得传感器元件与间隔地围绕该元件的金属罩相连。特别是，导热元件此时构造为围绕传感器元件且接触金属罩内侧的盘状元件。因此，导热元件同时形成了金属罩的承载元件。
用于传感器元件的构造为塑料壳体的支架优选地由环氧树脂构成，并且优选地通过传递模塑(Transfermolding)来制造。这种优选的构造确保了机器良好的密封性，该密封性对于具有低流量的相应的传感器方案有重要意义。因为塑料壳体容纳了分析电子件，由于取消了电线连接使成本降低。
此外，本发明还涉及一种具有空气吸入部分和布置在其中的增压空气冷却器的内燃机。根据本发明提出，内燃机具有前述类型的传感器，其布置在具有空气吸入部分的内燃机的增压空气冷却器和气缸体之间。因此，根据本发明构造的氧气传感器或者根据本发明构造的由氧气传感器和压力传感器构成的组合布置在增压空气冷却器之后的有利位置中。此处的温度相对较低，从而能够实现塑料壳体形式的传感器支架的设计。因此，在这样定位传感器时，既不通过待测量的气体流、也不通过传感器元件自身(导致将热导出到金属罩上)使传感器元件的支架过度地加载热量。
本发明还涉及一种内燃机，其具有到空气吸入部分中的废气再循环管道。在此，传感器(氧气传感器)用于检测废气再循环率。不言而喻地，传感器在废气再循环管道到空气吸入部分中的汇流位置的下游布置在空气吸入部分中。
根据本发明将传感器元件的支架设计为塑料壳体形式还实现了定向式安装在空气吸入部分中的传感器。由此，增加了解决水锤问题的机会。此外，根据本发明构造的传感器本来就具有高耐水锤强度，从而在增压空气冷却器之后的安装是无困难的。
附图说明
下面，根据实施例结合附图在细节上阐述本发明。其示出：
图1是用于检测氧气含量的传感器的示意性纵剖面图，和
图2是具有废气再循环的内燃机和布置在吸入部分中的传感器的示意图。
具体实施方式
图1中仅纯粹示意性地示出了具有传感器元件6的传感器1，传感器元件包括杆状的载体，在该载体的前侧端部上布置了测量电极2。在此，例如能够是叉指电极。测量电极的印制导线在图1中向右延伸直到接触部分(未示出)中为止。塑料壳体5形成了用于传感器元件的支架并且具有用于传感器元件的分析电子件(未示出)。
传感器元件6由作为保护管3的金属罩围绕。传感器元件6与金属罩同轴地延伸，金属罩配备了多个开口(未示出)，由此传感器元件6的测量电极2能够与吸入空气相接触，应测量吸入空气的氧气含量。在由传感器元件6自身所产生的热量到达形成了用于传感器元件6的支架5的塑料壳体之前，将该热量排出。为此设置盘状的导热元件4，其使得传感器元件6与金属罩相连。导热元件4在此同时作用为金属罩的承载元件。
图2示意地示出了内燃机，其具有气缸体10、空气吸入部分11和排气部分12。废气再循环管道13从排气部分12延伸直到空气吸入部分11。此外，示意地示出在吸入部分11中的增压空气冷却器14。
在该实施方式中，在图1中示出的传感器1用于测量吸入空气中的氧气含量，并且此时该传感器在增压空气冷却器14和内燃机的气缸体10之间的吸入部分中布置在废气再循环管道13到吸入部分11中的汇流位置的下游。在此处在吸入部分11中产生相对较低的温度，从而使传感器元件的支架5能够所谓塑料壳体实现。总而言之，在此，既不通过传感器元件6自身(通过向金属罩导出热量)、也不通过气体流过度地加热支架5。

Claims (10)

1.一种用于检测内燃机的吸入部分中的氧气含量的传感器，所述传感器具有带测量电极的传感器元件、围绕所述传感器元件的金属罩、使传感器元件和金属罩相连的导热元件和构造为塑料壳体且容纳了用于所述传感器元件的分析电子件的所述传感器元件的支架。
2.根据权利要求1所述的传感器，其特征在于，所述传感器具有集成的压力传感器。
3.根据权利要求2所述的传感器，其特征在于，所述塑料壳体还支承了所述压力传感器的所述传感器元件。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的传感器，其特征在于，所述塑料壳体此外容纳了用于所述压力传感器的分析电子件。
5.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的传感器，其特征在于，所述传感器元件包括长形盘状的载体和布置在所述载体上的测量电极。
6.根据权利要求4所述的传感器，其特征在于，所述传感器元件包括长形盘状的载体和布置在所述载体上的测量电极。
7.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的传感器，其特征在于，所述导热元件构造为围绕所述传感器元件并且接触所述金属罩的内侧的盘状元件。
8.根据权利要求6所述的传感器，其特征在于，所述导热元件构造为围绕所述传感器元件并且接触所述金属罩的内侧的盘状元件。
9.一种具有空气吸入部分和布置在所述空气吸入部分中的增压空气冷却器的内燃机，其特征在于，所述内燃机具有根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的传感器，所述传感器在所述空气吸入部分之中布置在所述内燃机的所述增压空气冷却器和气缸体之间。
10.根据权利要求9所述的内燃机，其特征在于，所述内燃机具有到所述空气吸入部分中的废气再循环管道，并且所述传感器用于检测废气再循环率。
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DE102014215237A1 (de) * 2014-08-01 2016-02-04 Continental Automotive Gmbh Sauerstoffsensor
DE102014221490A1 (de) * 2014-10-22 2016-04-28 Continental Automotive Gmbh Sauerstoffsensor
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JP2015516577A (ja) 2015-06-11
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CN104271936A (zh) 2015-01-07
EP2850308A1 (de) 2015-03-25

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