CN104145862A - Shrimp seed rearing method based on floor heating type greenhouse and shrimp pond adopting method - Google Patents
Shrimp seed rearing method based on floor heating type greenhouse and shrimp pond adopting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104145862A CN104145862A CN201410381895.8A CN201410381895A CN104145862A CN 104145862 A CN104145862 A CN 104145862A CN 201410381895 A CN201410381895 A CN 201410381895A CN 104145862 A CN104145862 A CN 104145862A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention provides a shrimp seed rearing method based on a floor heating type greenhouse. The method includes the following steps that (1) a shrimp pond is arranged in the greenhouse, (2) the shrimp pond is sterilized and filled with water, (3) male shrimps and female shrimps are reared separately, (4) the sexually mature male shrimps and the female shrimps are reared separately, (5) the male shrimps and the female shrimps are mated on suitable conditions and water temperature is controlled between 28 DEG C to 30 DEG C, and (6) egg-carried female shrimps incubate on suitable conditions and water temperature is controlled between 26 DEG C to 28 DEG C. A rearing box is arranged, so that the yield of shrimp seeds is improved, young shrimps are prevented from being eaten by the female shrimps, and the survival rate of the young shrimps is improved. Shrimp mating water temperature is manually simulated by controlling the water temperature, and seed rearing can be carried out many times a year. Temperature in the greenhouse can be quickly raised and maintained on low-temperature cold days and can be quickly lowered and maintained on high-temperature hot days, so that the situation that in extreme weather, shrimp eggs do not adapt to surrounding environment and accordingly the death rate is increased is avoided. The invention further provides the shrimp pond adopting the method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for greenhouse cultivation shrimp seedling, particularly a kind of method based on ground heating type greenhouse cultivation shrimp seedling and use the shrimp pond of the method.
Background technology
The cultivation of crayfish, the bread worm narrow range, the cultural method for this shrimp in prior art mostly can only realize annually and growing seedlings, and cannot realize the marketization of more efficient benefit; And, the breeding environment of crayfish requires that water quality is good, sediment is few, water body self-temperature can not be lower than 7 degree, the cultural method of prior art cannot well solve Temperature Controlling, quality problem, in addition, and in the process of aquaculture, because feed remnants and aquatic products excreta can not be cleared up and can affect water quality on time, add water hypoxia, can reduce the survival odds of aquatic products, therefore cause that shrimp seedling output is lower to such an extent as to income is not high.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, be necessary to provide a kind of the realize method based on ground heating type greenhouse cultivation shrimp seedling of several times a year growing seedlings and the shrimp pond that uses the method.
Based on a method for ground heating type greenhouse cultivation shrimp seedling, it comprises the following steps:
S1: multiple shrimps spaced apart from each other pond is set in greenhouse;
S2: prawn pool carries out disinfection and water filling;
S3: by male shrimp and the separately cultivation of female shrimp;
S4: select sexually matured shrimp in male shrimp, female shrimp, by the separately cultivation of sexually matured male shrimp, female shrimp;
S5: after feeding predetermined period, described male shrimp and described female shrimp are matched under optimum conditions, control water temperature at 28-30 DEG C;
S6: the described female shrimp after oogenesis and described male shrimp are separated to cultivation, the described female shrimp of oogenesis is carried out to seedling hatching under optimum conditions, control water temperature at 26-28 DEG C.
The present invention also provides a kind of shrimp pond that uses the method, and bottom, described shrimp pond is provided with bed course, and the tiling of bed course top has grid, and floor heating pipeline is installed on grid, and shrimp pond bed course offers discharge outlet, is provided with drainpipe in discharge outlet; The surrounding of described shrimp pool wall is evenly provided with many to the oxygen deliverng pipe extending in pond, on described shrimp pool wall, is provided with sensor; In described shrimp pond, be evenly provided with multiple breeding box and multiple breeding case.
A kind of method based on ground heating type greenhouse cultivation shrimp seedling provided by the invention and use the shrimp pond of the method, its advantage is: by manual control coolant-temperature gage, people matches water temperature for being modeled to shrimp, can realize several times a year and growing seedlings.By manual control water temperature, to avoid under extreme weather, shrimp ovum and shrimp seedling are not suitable with surrounding environment, and lethality raises, and improves shrimp seedling output.
Brief description of the drawings
The schematic flow sheet of a kind of method based on ground heating type greenhouse cultivation shrimp seedling that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.
Following embodiment further illustrates the present invention in connection with above-mentioned accompanying drawing.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of method based on ground heating type greenhouse cultivation shrimp seedling, and it comprises the following steps:
S1: multiple shrimps spaced apart from each other pond is set in greenhouse;
In the present embodiment: bottom, described shrimp pond is also provided with bed course, the preferred earth of bed course, conveniently tubing and plantation pasture and water on earth.In described shrimp pond, be provided with breeding box, breeding case and feeding platform.Facilitate separately cultivation of prawn, pairing separately, convenient observation do not affect water quality so that sufficient feed to be provided.
S2: prawn pool carries out disinfection and water filling;
Particularly, described sterilization the injecting process comprised the following steps: by described shrimp pond airing one week, be with water sterilization with quicklime prawn pool, quicklime after dissolving is evenly filled with to shrimp pond while hot, use again oxalic acid with all shrimp pool walls of vaporific sprinkling, place water after 1-2 days and rinse whole described shrimp pond, then after water is discharged, inject fresh water, wherein quicklime consumption is 2-5 kg/m
2, the concentration of oxalic acid is 10mg/L.The dealkalize of shrimp pool wall and the sterilization of prawn pool, can kill and suppress parasitic growth.
In order to prevent that the high-density rearing in the situation that, shrimp seedling is vulnerable to harmful organisms and similar attack, need to plant pasture and water in shrimp pond.The following S9 of step: after described shrimp pond is carried out disinfection, evenly plant multiple pasture and water in described shrimp pond, between described pasture and water, spacing is 20-30cm.
Particularly, in the present embodiment: pasture and water plantations step is as follows: before plantation, pasture and water are cleaned with clear water, then dug size for 5-7 cm, the degree of depth are the hole of 5-7 cm on earth, pasture and water are planted in earth and bury with earth; Many pasture and water are evenly distributed in shrimp pond, the preferred 30cm of spacing between every pasture and water.Pasture and water can be used as the auxiliary fodder of shrimp, and all right purifying water body, for the shell of shrimp body provides the place of hiding, suppresses the breeding of harmful anaerobic bacteria in shrimp pond, prevents that shrimp seedling is sick.In the present embodiment: preferably the kind of pasture and water is water peanut, weter hyacinth, algae.
S7: except plantation pasture and water, also need to the uninterrupted oxygenation in bottom, shrimp pond, sending oxygen amount is 9ml/h, keeps the dissolved oxygen amount in described shrimp pond to be not less than 6mg/L, regulates shrimp pool water temperature, keeps water temperature at 25-30 DEG C.
In the present embodiment: by the bottom oxygenation of shrimp pond, can reduce because living in for a long time in low dissolved oxygen environment, cause juvenile prawn and the death of ovum embryo, continue in addition oxygenation, can decompose the excreta of part shrimp body and remaining feed, be conducive to the growth of pasture and water, improve water quality.
S3: by male shrimp and the separately cultivation of female shrimp;
In the present embodiment: male shrimp and female shrimp separately cultivation, in different breeding case, are conveniently managed.
S4: select sexually matured shrimp in male shrimp, female shrimp, by the separately cultivation of sexually matured male shrimp, female shrimp;
In the present embodiment, the sexually matured criterion of prawn is: the individuality of shrimp reaches 3 centimeters, and vigor abundance.
S5: after feeding predetermined period, described male shrimp and described female shrimp are matched under optimum conditions, control water temperature at 28-30 DEG C;
Particularly, in the present embodiment: the preferred 3:2 of described pairing ratio or 1:1.Predetermined period in step S5 is 25-30 days, and when pairing, in each breeding case, the total quantity of female shrimp, male shrimp is 2-5.For improving female shrimp, male shrimp pairing quality and egg laying amount, in pairing process, pairing condition is comparatively suitable: water ph value 7.4-7.8, water-soluble oxygen amount reaches 6mg/L.
S6: the described female shrimp after oogenesis and described male shrimp are separated to cultivation, the described female shrimp of oogenesis is carried out to seedling hatching under optimum conditions, control water temperature at 26-28 DEG C.
Temperature, pH value, the dissolved oxygen amount of the brooding time of shrimp with ovums and shrimp pool inner water body have substantial connection, in order to shorten brooding time, need to keep suitable temperature, pH value and dissolved oxygen amount, particularly, predetermined period in this step S6 is 25-30 days, in hatching process, that incubation condition is comparatively suitable is water ph value 7.4-7.8, and water-soluble oxygen amount reaches 6mg/L.
In the breeding process of shrimp, except the basic cultivation step of above-mentioned S1-S6, it is high to ensure producing seedling rate that cultivation whole process also needs to carry out water quality management, shrimp seedling meat is fresh, the concrete steps of water quality management are S8: every 10-15 days changes the water in described shrimp pond, and described shrimp pool inner water position is 30cm-50cm, keep water colour limpid, transparency is 30-40 cm, and keeping the pH value of water is 7.4-7.8.
In breeding process, need prawn body to carry out feeding, described feeding process comprises the following steps: every night 18-18:30, maintenance water temperature is 25-28 DEG C, and feed is evenly sprinkling upon on described feeding platform, feeding volume is that 20-30 grain/only, feed is for becoming shrimp feed for nursing.Feeding conditions is comparatively suitable: water ph value 7.4-7.8, water-soluble oxygen amount reaches 6mg/L.
Concrete, in the present embodiment: become the preferred Penaeus vannanei manufactured feed of shrimp feed for nursing.
Except the Penaeus vannanei manufactured feed of throwing something and feeding, also need to mix feed of animal origin and cultivate.In the present embodiment: the preferred wild fishes of feed of animal origin, one or more of Pomacea canaliculata and freshwater mussel.First feeding Penaeus vannanei manufactured feed, then feeding animals forage.The proportioning of Penaeus vannanei manufactured feed and feed of animal origin determines according to buying feed explanation and actual cultivation situation.In the present embodiment, preferably feed of animal origin feeding volume is 2-5g/.
Hydrous water peanut, weter hyacinth, algae class vegetable feed and feed of animal origin mixed feeding, be more conducive to promote female shrimp gonad development and improve the survival rate of close shrimp.
In order to coordinate the method for above-mentioned cultivation shrimp seedling, the present invention also provides a kind of shrimp pond that uses the method, and bottom, described shrimp pond is provided with bed course, the tiling of bed course top has grid, floor heating pipeline is installed on grid, and shrimp pond bed course offers discharge outlet, is provided with drainpipe in discharge outlet; The surrounding of described shrimp pool wall is evenly provided with many to the oxygen deliverng pipe extending in pond, on described shrimp pool wall, is provided with sensor; In described shrimp pond, be evenly provided with multiple breeding box and multiple breeding case.
Concrete, in the present embodiment, described shrimp pond is 1-1.5m deeply, the thickness that drainpipe inserts bottom cushion is 20cm, and the height surfacing is 50cm, and drainpipe comprises end, bottom, end is set on the outer wall of bottom, end is used to indicate height of water level, and bottom is connected with drainage system, for discharging the water in described shrimp pond.
For preventing juvenile prawn and the death of ovum embryo, juvenile prawn and shrimp with ovums should not be lived in low dissolved oxygen environment, in order to keep dissolved oxygen even, and dissolved oxygen amount is greater than 6mg/L, adopt oxygen deliverng pipe to the uninterrupted oxygenation in bottom, shrimp pond, in the present embodiment: the quantity of oxygen deliverng pipe is 40, sending oxygen amount is 9ml/h, and the length of oxygen deliverng pipe is 1-1.5m.
In the present embodiment, by temperature, pH value, the dissolved oxygen amount of sensor record shrimp pool inner water body, once in shrimp pond above data not feeding, in the suitable condition of pairing, hatching, can people for regulating.
Preferably, in the present embodiment: between described breeding box, spacing is 0.5m, described breeding box aperture is 0.18mm; Between described breeding case, spacing is 15-20cm.
In the present embodiment: described bed course is earth, thickness is 30cm, and described grid aperture is 1-1.5cm.
Described shrimp is also provided with many steel wires in pond, and multiple described breeding casees are evenly fixed on described steel wire.
The setting of breeding box, convenient by the separately cultivation of female shrimp, male shrimp and sexually matured female shrimp, male shrimp, the comprehensive survival rate of shrimp body is high.In the present embodiment: the preferred net cage of breeding box.Described net cage underwater penetration is 30 cm, net cage air draght is 30 cm, while being shrimp with ovums in net cage, each net cage is thrown in 50 shrimp with ovums, while being into shrimp in net cage, for preventing that shrimp from running foul of each other, and keep sufficient feed and dissolved oxygen amount, promote the freshness of shrimp seedling meat, the preferred 5-8 of shrimp distribution density/cm in net cage
2.In the present embodiment, preferred net cage length is 7.5 m, and wide is 3.5m.
Female shrimp, male shrimp prevent female shrimp predation juvenile prawn after matching separately and match and hatching juvenile prawn for convenience, described shrimp is also provided with many steel wires in pond, multiple described breeding casees are evenly fixed on described steel wire, preferably 2, described steel wire, between described steel wire, spacing is 1.5m, in the present embodiment: breeding case is preferably hung cage, and between described extension cage, spacing is 15-20 cm.In extension cage, shrimp body endangers without natural enemy, and survival rate is high. convenient management, be convenient to observe and pinpoint the problems; And shrimp early growth is fast, isolate female shrimp easy, shrimp is reclaimed more convenient.
In the present embodiment: the preferred 4-6 of described feeding platform.The setting of feeding platform, can provide sufficient feed to shrimp, also can reduce because feed is directly knocked down in shrimp pond, pollutes the impact that shrimp pond water quality causes.
A kind of method based on ground heating type greenhouse cultivation shrimp seedling provided by the invention and use the shrimp pond of the method: make the pairing separately under optimum conditions of female shrimp, male shrimp by hanging cage, improve the pregnancy rate of female shrimp, further improve shrimp seedling output, shrimp with ovums is placed on simultaneously and hangs in cage, make on the one hand female shrimp not receive external interference in the process of oogenesis hatching, can make again the juvenile prawn after ovum hatching directly fall in net cage from hanging cage hole, avoid female shrimp and juvenile prawn to exist together while nursing, juvenile prawn is eaten up by female shrimp, improves juvenile prawn survival rate.By manual control coolant-temperature gage, people, for being modeled to shrimp pairing water temperature, can making into shrimp and realize pairing fast, and shrimp with ovums is hatched fast, improves the output of growing seedlings, and reaches the effect of several times a year growing seedlings.
The invention provides a kind of method based on ground heating type greenhouse cultivation shrimp seedling and use the shrimp pond of the method, its advantage is: improve shrimp seedling output, avoid juvenile prawn to be eaten up by female shrimp, improve juvenile prawn survival rate.By manual control coolant-temperature gage, people, for being modeled to shrimp pairing water temperature, can realize several times a year and growing seedlings; Can also avoid under extreme weather, shrimp ovum and shrimp seedling are not suitable with surrounding environment, and lethality raises.
Be understandable that, for the person of ordinary skill of the art, can make other various corresponding changes and distortion by technical conceive according to the present invention, and all these change the protection domain that all should belong to the claims in the present invention with distortion.
Claims (10)
1. the method based on ground heating type greenhouse cultivation shrimp seedling, is characterized in that: it comprises the following steps:
S1: multiple shrimps spaced apart from each other pond is set in greenhouse;
S2: prawn pool carries out disinfection, water filling;
S3: by male shrimp and the separately cultivation of female shrimp;
S4: select sexually matured shrimp in male shrimp, female shrimp, by the separately cultivation of sexually matured male shrimp, female shrimp;
S5: after feeding predetermined period, described male shrimp and described female shrimp are matched under optimum conditions, control water temperature at 28-30 DEG C;
S6: the described female shrimp after oogenesis and described male shrimp are separated to cultivation, the described female shrimp of oogenesis is carried out to seedling hatching under optimum conditions, control water temperature at 26-28 DEG C.
2. a kind of method based on ground heating type greenhouse cultivation shrimp seedling according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described method also comprises S7: to the uninterrupted oxygenation in bottom, described shrimp pond, sending oxygen amount is 9ml/h, keeps the dissolved oxygen amount in described shrimp pond to be not less than 6mg/L; Adjusting shrimp pool water temperature, keeps water temperature at 25-30 DEG C.
3. a kind of method based on ground heating type greenhouse cultivation shrimp seedling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described method also comprises S8: every 10-15 days changes the water in described shrimp pond, described shrimp pool inner water position is 30cm-50cm, keep water colour limpid, transparency is 30cm-40cm, and keeping the pH value of water is 7.4-7.8.
4. a kind of method based on ground heating type greenhouse cultivation shrimp seedling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described method also comprises S9: after described shrimp pond is carried out disinfection, in described shrimp pond, evenly plant multiple pasture and water, between described pasture and water, spacing is 20-30cm.
5. a kind of method based on ground heating type greenhouse cultivation shrimp seedling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described sterilization the injecting process comprise the following steps: by described shrimp pond airing one week, be with water sterilization with quicklime prawn pool, quicklime after dissolving is evenly filled with to shrimp pond while hot, use again oxalic acid with the described shrimp pool wall of vaporific sprinkling, place water after 1-2 days and rinse whole described shrimp pond, after then water being discharged, inject fresh water, wherein quicklime consumption is 2-5kg/m
2, the concentration of oxalic acid is 10mg/L.
6. a kind of method based on ground heating type greenhouse cultivation shrimp seedling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described feeding process comprises the following steps: every night 18-18:30, maintenance water temperature is 25-28 DEG C, feed is evenly sprinkling upon on described feeding platform, feeding volume is that 20-30 grain/only, feed is for becoming shrimp feed for nursing.
7. a kind of method based on ground heating type greenhouse cultivation shrimp seedling according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described pairing ratio is 3:2 or 1:1.
8. the shrimp pond of method described in a right to use requirement 1-7 any one, it is characterized in that: bottom, described shrimp pond is provided with bed course, the tiling of bed course top has grid, and floor heating pipeline is installed on grid, shrimp pond bed course offers discharge outlet, is provided with drainpipe in discharge outlet; The surrounding of described shrimp pool wall is evenly provided with many to the oxygen deliverng pipe extending in pond, on described shrimp pool wall, is provided with sensor; In described shrimp pond, be evenly provided with multiple breeding box and multiple breeding case.
9. a seed shrimp pond according to claim 8, is characterized in that: between described breeding box, spacing is 0.5m, described breeding box aperture is 0.18mm; Between described breeding case, spacing is 15-20cm.
10. a seed shrimp pond according to claim 8, is characterized in that: described bed course is earth, thickness is 30cm, and described grid aperture is 1-1.5cm.
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| CN104982360A (en) * | 2015-06-23 | 2015-10-21 | 陈小昌 | Metapenaeus ensis cultivation method |
| CN106069942A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-11-09 | 淮南市农康生态农业有限公司 | Penaeus vannamei circulates integrated cultivating system and cultural method thereof |
| CN107279002A (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2017-10-24 | 安徽嘉丰水产种苗科技有限公司 | A kind of Macrobrachium rosenbergii breeding seedling mating system |
| CN115088656A (en) * | 2022-07-13 | 2022-09-23 | 珠海市海之亿水产科技有限责任公司 | Shrimp fry cultivation method |
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| CN115088656A (en) * | 2022-07-13 | 2022-09-23 | 珠海市海之亿水产科技有限责任公司 | Shrimp fry cultivation method |
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Application publication date: 20141119 |