CN104145010A - 润滑油组合物 - Google Patents
润滑油组合物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104145010A CN104145010A CN201380013124.7A CN201380013124A CN104145010A CN 104145010 A CN104145010 A CN 104145010A CN 201380013124 A CN201380013124 A CN 201380013124A CN 104145010 A CN104145010 A CN 104145010A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- quality
- lubricating oil
- sulphur
- acid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 166
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- -1 phosphorus compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinimide Chemical class O=C1CCC(=O)N1 KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940053198 antiepileptics succinimide derivative Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- KYLIZBIRMBGUOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Anetholtrithion Chemical group C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1C1=CC(=S)SS1 KYLIZBIRMBGUOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001118 alkylidene group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen disulfide Chemical compound SS BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 33
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 21
- RJDVGKCBHFINOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-methylphenoxy)-sulfanylidene-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=S)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C RJDVGKCBHFINOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 229960002317 succinimide Drugs 0.000 description 16
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 13
- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- NAGJZTKCGNOGPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dithiophosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(S)=S NAGJZTKCGNOGPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229920001748 polybutylene Polymers 0.000 description 11
- FRGKKTITADJNOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanyloxyethane Chemical compound CCOS FRGKKTITADJNOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 150000003673 urethanes Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- ANBZTKMYPDMODS-YPKPFQOOSA-N (z)-n,n-diethyloctadec-9-enamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)N(CC)CC ANBZTKMYPDMODS-YPKPFQOOSA-N 0.000 description 7
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000003678 scratch resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- IKXFIBBKEARMLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenoxy(sulfanylidene)-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(=S)OC1=CC=CC=C1 IKXFIBBKEARMLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000013530 defoamer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N TOTP Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GVPWHKZIJBODOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzyl disulfide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CSSCC1=CC=CC=C1 GVPWHKZIJBODOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 3
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 3
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SECPZKHBENQXJG-FPLPWBNLSA-N palmitoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O SECPZKHBENQXJG-FPLPWBNLSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbenzene Natural products C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 3
- RUFPHBVGCFYCNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthylamine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N)=CC=CC2=C1 RUFPHBVGCFYCNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GUUVPOWQJOLRAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diphenyl disulfide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1SSC1=CC=CC=C1 GUUVPOWQJOLRAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical group CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001639 boron compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- CSNJTIWCTNEOSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbamothioylsulfanyl carbamodithioate Chemical compound NC(=S)SSC(N)=S CSNJTIWCTNEOSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004517 catalytic hydrocracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940125904 compound 1 Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229940125782 compound 2 Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229940126214 compound 3 Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000001879 copper Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004069 differentiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- AUZONCFQVSMFAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N disulfiram Chemical compound CCN(CC)C(=S)SSC(=S)N(CC)CC AUZONCFQVSMFAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propionate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC FKRCODPIKNYEAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- UWNADWZGEHDQAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N i-Pr2C2H4i-Pr2 Natural products CC(C)CCC(C)C UWNADWZGEHDQAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VKOBVWXKNCXXDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N icosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O VKOBVWXKNCXXDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- LVZUNTGFCXNQAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-nonyl-n-phenylaniline Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1N(CCCCCCCCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 LVZUNTGFCXNQAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 2
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M salicylate Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229960001860 salicylate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000003873 salicylate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 125000002769 thiazolinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- BITHHVVYSMSWAG-KTKRTIGZSA-N (11Z)-icos-11-enoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O BITHHVVYSMSWAG-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GAYUSSOCODCSNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(dodecyldisulfanyl)dodecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCSSCCCCCCCCCCCC GAYUSSOCODCSNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AVWMIWJCGFMMNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(nonyldisulfanyl)nonane Chemical group CCCCCCCCCSSCCCCCCCCC AVWMIWJCGFMMNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AROCLDYPZXMJPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(octyldisulfanyl)octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCSSCCCCCCCC AROCLDYPZXMJPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RZEWIYUUNKCGKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-hydroxyethylamino)ethanol;octadecanoic acid Chemical compound OCCNCCO.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O RZEWIYUUNKCGKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BKCNDTDWDGQHSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(tert-butyldisulfanyl)-2-methylpropane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)SSC(C)(C)C BKCNDTDWDGQHSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IGQGLQSZIFKYEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-dodecylbutanediamide Chemical compound C(CCCCCCCCCCC)C(C(=O)N)CC(=O)N IGQGLQSZIFKYEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DHTAIMJOUCYGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethyl-n-(2-ethylhexyl)-n-[(4-methylbenzotriazol-1-yl)methyl]hexan-1-amine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N(CN(CC(CC)CCCC)CC(CC)CCCC)N=NC2=C1C DHTAIMJOUCYGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000094 2-phenylethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- LZHCVNIARUXHAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol Chemical compound CCC1=CC=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 LZHCVNIARUXHAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- TVDZNGHKRSKPCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-heptyl-n-(4-heptylphenyl)aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(CCCCCCC)=CC=C1NC1=CC=C(CCCCCCC)C=C1 TVDZNGHKRSKPCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000005632 Capric acid (CAS 334-48-5) Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N alpha-linolenic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ZDARREGFOHVNLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(phenylmethoxy)-sulfanyl-sulfanylidene-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1COP(=S)(S)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 ZDARREGFOHVNLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001638 boron Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 235000010354 butylated hydroxytoluene Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940125898 compound 5 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- ZUNYMXPJGBXUCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioctoxy-sulfanyl-sulfanylidene-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOP(S)(=S)OCCCCCCCC ZUNYMXPJGBXUCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CKSHRDPCFLDKPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenoxy-sulfanyl-sulfanylidene-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(=S)(S)OC1=CC=CC=C1 CKSHRDPCFLDKPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229940108623 eicosenoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001421 myristyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiram Chemical compound CN(C)C(=S)SSC(=S)N(C)C KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002447 thiram Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PPEZWDDRWXDXOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributoxy(sulfanylidene)-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound CCCCOP(=S)(OCCCC)OCCCC PPEZWDDRWXDXOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl phosphate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 XZZNDPSIHUTMOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002948 undecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M141/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M141/10—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups C10M125/00 - C10M139/00, each of these compounds being essential at least one of them being an organic phosphorus-containing compound
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- C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
- C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
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- C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
- C10M101/02—Petroleum fractions
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- C10M133/16—Amides; Imides
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- C10M133/56—Amides; Imides
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- C10M135/20—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides
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- C10M137/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus having no phosphorus-to-carbon bond
- C10M137/04—Phosphate esters
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- C10M137/04—Phosphate esters
- C10M137/10—Thio derivatives
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- C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
- C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
- C10M2203/1025—Aliphatic fractions used as base material
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- C10M2205/0285—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers containing aliphatic monomers having more than four carbon atoms used as base material
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- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/023—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2207/026—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings with tertiary alkyl groups
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/34—Esters having a hydrocarbon substituent of thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. substituted succinic acid derivatives
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- C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
- C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
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- C10M2215/08—Amides
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- C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
- C10M2215/223—Five-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
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- C10M2219/083—Dibenzyl sulfide
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- C10M2219/085—Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides; Mercaptals containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing carboxyl groups; Derivatives thereof
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- C10M2219/104—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen in the ring
- C10M2219/106—Thiadiazoles
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- C10M2223/041—Triaryl phosphates
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- C10M2223/043—Ammonium or amine salts thereof
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Abstract
润滑油组合物,在40℃下的运动粘度为10mm2/s以上且1000mm2/s以下的基础油中配混有:(A)以磷成分计为0.001质量%以上且0.3质量%以下的式(1)所示的磷化合物之中的至少1种;(B)以硫成分计为0.01质量%以上且0.5质量%以下的式(2)所示的硫化合物以及分子中具有二硫(-S-S-)键且通过在上述基础油中添加1质量%而进行的铜板腐蚀试验中的值为2以下的硫化合物之中的至少任一种;(D)0.01质量%以上且1质量%以下的琥珀酰亚胺衍生物。(式(1)和式(2)参照权利要求书。)
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及润滑油组合物,详细而言,涉及在产业机械即建设机械、工作机械、塑料加工机械、矿山机械、风力水力发电机械等中使用的液压装置用润滑油组合物。
背景技术
液压装置逐年高压化,液压泵的滑损(カジリ)等故障变多。因此,ISO标准中开始采用FZG划痕试验(FZG scoring test)。作为提高FZG耐划痕性的方法,通常是添加酸式磷酸酯或其胺盐、活性的硫化合物(例如参照专利文献1)。专利文献1中提出了一种在基础油中配混有(a)磷酸酯0.01~5质量%、(b)酸式磷酸酯的胺盐0.005~1质量%、(c)硫系极压剂0.01~1质量%的润滑油组合物。但是,由于油温会随着液压装置的高压化而上升,因此这些添加剂的油泥(sludge)化成为问题。油泥会导致过滤器的堵塞、阀门关闭(valve lockout)、泵磨耗因而是个问题。另外,作为酸式磷酸酯的胺盐、防锈剂而通常使用的琥珀酸烯基酯会使提取水(eluted water)的pH降低,因此在存在水分的情况下容易使聚氨酯橡胶劣化。
作为不使用酸式磷酸酯的胺盐、琥珀酸烯基酯的例子,提出了一种在基础油中包含(A)以磷量计为150~3000质量ppm的磷酸酯或硫代磷酸酯、(B)以硫量计为0.02~0.5质量%的分子中具有二硫键的硫化合物、(C)0.05~0.5质量%的金属磺酸盐、(D)0.01~0.5质量%的过碱性金属水杨酸盐或过碱性金属酚盐(overbased metal phenate)的液压油组合物(参照专利文献2)。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特开2003-171684号公报
专利文献2:日本特开2011-140607号公报。
发明内容
发明要解决的问题
然而,即使通过专利文献2中公开的组合物,也并不一定使耐磨耗性、低油泥特性以及抗橡胶劣化中的全部都能得到满足。进而,用于液压装置等的润滑油还需要防锈性,但尚未提出这四个特性中的全部均可满足的润滑油组合物。
本发明的目的在于,提供耐划痕性等耐磨耗性优异、抑制油泥的产生、防止橡胶制密封材料的劣化且防锈性也优异的润滑油组合物。
用于解决问题的手段
为了解决前述课题,本发明提供如下的润滑油组合物。〔1〕润滑油组合物,其特征在于,在40℃下的运动粘度为10mm2/s以上且1000mm2/s以下的基础油中配混有:(A)以磷成分计为0.001质量%以上且0.3质量%以下的、下述式(1)所示的磷化合物之中的至少1种,
[化学式1]
(R表示氢原子或碳原子数3以下的烷基、X表示氧原子或硫原子。)。
(B)以硫成分计为0.01质量%以上且0.5质量%以下的、下述式(2)所示的硫化合物(B-1)以及分子中具有二硫(-S-S-)键且通过在上述基础油中添加1质量%而进行的铜板腐蚀试验(JISK 2513、测定条件:100℃下3小时)中的值为2以下的硫化合物(B-2)之中的至少任一种,
[化学式2]
(R1、R2、R4各自独立地为碳原子数1~18的直链或具有支链的饱和或不饱和的脂肪族烃基、或者、任选具有支链的碳原子数5~18的饱和或不饱和的环状烃基。R3为碳原子数1~6的直链或支链的亚烷基。X2、X3、X4各自独立地为2价的氧原子或硫原子。X1为氧原子或硫原子。上述式中包含至少一个硫原子。)。
(D)0.01质量%以上且1质量%以下的、琥珀酰亚胺衍生物。
〔2〕润滑油组合物,其特征在于,在上述的润滑油组合物中,还配混有(C)0.01质量%以上且0.5质量%以下的、酸值为10mgKOH/g以下的羧酸酰胺。
〔3〕润滑油组合物,其特征在于,在上述的润滑油组合物中,还以使得基于JIS Z 8802的提取水的pH达到6~8的量配混有(C’)羧酸酰胺。
〔4〕润滑油组合物,其特征在于,在上述的润滑油组合物中,前述(B-2)成分中的具有三硫(-S-S-S-)键以上的多硫键的硫化合物的含量以前述(B-2)成分总量为基准计为1质量%以下。
〔5〕润滑油组合物,其特征在于,在上述的润滑油组合物中,前述(D)成分的侧链具有烷基或烯基,且前述侧链的数均分子量为500以上且3000以下。
〔6〕润滑油组合物,其特征在于,在上述的润滑油组合物中,前述基础油是属于由API定义的基础油类别的第II组或第III组的基础油。
〔7〕润滑油组合物,其特征在于,在上述的润滑油组合物中,前述基础油为聚α-烯烃(PAO)。
〔8〕润滑油组合物,其特征在于,在上述的润滑油组合物中,该组合物的酸值为0.01mgKOH/g以上且0.05mgKOH/g以下。
〔9〕润滑油组合物,其特征在于,上述的润滑油组合物为液压油(hydraulic oil )。
〔10〕润滑油组合物,其特征在于,上述的润滑油组合物为风力发电机的液压传动系统用液压油。
根据本发明,能够提供耐划痕性等耐磨耗性优异、同时耐热性良好且抑制油泥的产生、防止橡胶制的密封材料(填料,packing)的劣化、且防锈性也优异的润滑油组合物。
具体实施方式
本发明是在基础油中配混有(A)特定的磷化合物、(B)特定的硫化合物、以及(D)琥珀酰亚胺衍生物的润滑油组合物,进一步优选配混(C)成分或(C’)成分。以下进行详细说明。
〔基础油〕
作为在本发明的润滑油组合物(以下,也称为“本组合物”。)中使用的基础油,没有特别限定,40℃下的运动粘度为10mm2/s以上且1000mm2/s以下的基础油是适合的。40℃下的运动粘度为10mm2/s以上时,蒸发损失少,为1000mm2/s以下时,由粘性阻力导致的动力损失不会变得过大。更优选的是,40℃下的运动粘度在10mm2/s以上且460mm2/s以下的范围内。
该基础油的粘度指数优选为80以上。粘度指数为80以上时,由温度变化导致的粘度变化小、会保持高温下所需的粘度。该粘度指数更优选为100以上、进一步优选为120以上。另外,该基础油的饱和成分优选为90质量%以上。饱和成分为90质量%以上时,本组合物的氧化稳定性提高。饱和成分更优选为95质量%以上、进一步优选为97质量%以上。另外,该基础油的硫成分优选为0.03质量%以下。基础油的硫成分为0.03质量%以下时,本组合物的氧化稳定性进一步提高。需要说明的是,前述硫成分是基于JIS K 2541测定的值,饱和成分是基于ASTM D 2007测定的值。
进而,该基础油的倾点优选为-10℃以下。倾点为-10℃以下时,本组合物即使在低温下也具有充分的流动性。倾点更优选为-15℃以下、进一步优选为-20℃以下、特别优选为-25℃以下。
作为本组合物中使用的基础油,适合的是,属于美国石油协会(API)所定义的基础油类别中的第II、III以及IV组的基础油、或者将它们中的2种以上混合而成的基础油。第II组是粘度指数为80以上且120以下、硫成分为0.03质量%以下以及饱和成分为90质量%以上的基础油,第III组是粘度指数为120以上、硫成分为0.03质量%以下以及饱和成分为90质量%以上的基础油,第IV组是聚α烯烃(PAO)。
作为该基础油,只要具有前述的优选性状,则使用矿物油和合成油的任一种均可。该矿物油、合成油的种类、其他均没有特别限定,作为矿物油,例如可列举出通过溶剂精制、加氢精制、氢化裂解等精制法而得到的石蜡基系矿物油、中间基系矿物油(intermediate-based mineral oils)或环烷烃基系矿物油。
另外,作为合成油,例如可列举出聚α-烯烃(PAO)、α-烯烃共聚物、聚丁烯、烷基苯、多元醇酯、二元酸酯、聚氧亚烷基二醇、聚氧亚烷基二醇酯、聚氧亚烷基二醇醚、阻酯(hindered ester)、硅油等。进而,可列举出粗蜡、GTL WAX的异构化物等。
其中,适合的是,加氢精制矿物油、氢化裂解矿物油、粗蜡、GTL WAX的异构化物(蜡异构化矿物油)、以及聚α-烯烃。尤其是从获取容易性的观点出发,优选的是,使用属于由前述API定义的基础油类别的第II组的基础油、或者聚α-烯烃(PAO)来作为基础油。
本发明中,作为基础油,可以使用上述矿物油中的1种,也可以组合2种以上使用。另外,可以使用上述合成油中的1种,也可以组合2种以上使用。进而,也可以将1种以上的矿物油和1种以上的合成油组合使用。
〔(A)成分〕
本组合物中,用作(A)成分的磷化合物是下述式(1)所示的三芳基磷酸酯或三芳基硫代磷酸酯。
[化学式3]
前述式(1)中的R表示氢原子或碳原子数3以下的烷基,X表示氧原子或硫原子。式(1)的三个R可以分别相同也可以不同。作为前述的碳原子数3以下的烷基,可列举出甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基。
前述式(1)所示的磷化合物的酸值优选为10mgKOH/g以下。酸值为10mgKOH/g以下时,制成润滑油组合物时,耐热性更优异、能够抑制油泥的产生。酸值更优选为5mgKOH/g以下、进一步优选为1mgKOH/g以下。需要说明的是,酸值是通过JIS K 2501测定的值。
作为前述式(1)所示的磷化合物,可列举出磷酸三苯酯、磷酸三甲苯酯、硫代磷酸三苯酯、以及硫代磷酸三甲苯酯等。特别优选为磷酸三甲苯酯和硫代磷酸三苯酯。
本组合物中,作为(A)成分,可以单独使用前述磷化合物中的1种,也可以组合2种以上使用。另外,其配混量以组合物总量基准以磷含量计为0.001质量%以上且0.3质量%以下。磷含量不足0.001质量%时,耐磨耗性不充分,另一方面,即使超过0.3质量%,也无法获得与含量相符的效果的提升,在经济上是不利的。另外,低温下变得容易析出。更优选的磷含量为0.01质量%以上且0.1质量%以下。
〔(B)成分〕
本组合物中,用作(B)成分的硫化合物是下述式(2)所示的硫代磷酸酯化合物(B-1)、或者、分子中具有二硫(-S-S-)键且通过在上述基础油中添加1质量%而进行的铜板腐蚀试验(JIS K 2513、测定条件:100℃下3小时)中的值为2以下的硫化合物(B-2)。
[化学式4]
上述式(2)的硫化合物(B-1)中,R1、R2、R4各自独立地为碳原子数1~18的直链或具有支链的饱和或不饱和的脂肪族烃基、或者、任选具有支链的碳原子数5~18的饱和或不饱和的环状烃基。R3为碳原子数1~6的直链或支链的亚烷基。X2、X3、X4各自独立地为氧原子或硫原子。X1为氧原子或硫原子。上述式中包含至少一个硫原子。
这样的硫化合物由于在分子中具有硫原子和磷原子,因此能够提高耐划痕性等耐磨耗性。具体而言,可列举出硫代磷酸酯化合物、二硫代磷酸酯化合物。
作为硫代磷酸酯化合物,例如可列举出硫代磷酸三丁酯、硫代磷酸三戊酯、硫代磷酸三己酯、硫代磷酸三庚酯、硫代磷酸三辛酯、硫代磷酸三壬酯、硫代磷酸三癸酯、硫代磷酸三(十一烷基)酯、硫代磷酸三(十二烷基)酯、硫代磷酸三(十三烷基)酯、硫代磷酸三(十四烷基)酯、硫代磷酸三(十五烷基)酯、硫代磷酸三(十六烷基)酯、硫代磷酸三(十七烷基)酯、硫代磷酸三(十八烷基)酯、硫代磷酸三油基酯、硫代磷酸三苯酯、硫代磷酸三甲苯酯、硫代磷酸三(二甲苯基)酯、硫代磷酸甲酚二苯酯、硫代磷酸二甲苯基二苯酯、硫代磷酸三(正丙基苯基)酯、硫代磷酸三(异丙基苯基)酯、硫代磷酸三(正丁基苯基)酯、硫代磷酸三(异丁基苯基)酯、硫代磷酸三(仲丁基苯基)酯、以及硫代磷酸三(叔丁基苯基)酯等。
另外,作为二硫代磷酸酯化合物,例如可列举出二硫代磷酸二己酯、二硫代磷酸二辛酯、二硫代磷酸二(2-乙基己基)酯、二硫代磷酸二(十二烷基)酯、二硫代磷酸二(十六烷基)酯、二硫代磷酸二(己基硫代乙基)酯、二硫代磷酸而(辛基硫代乙基)酯、二硫代磷酸二(十二烷基硫代乙基)酯、二硫代磷酸二(十六烷基硫代乙基)酯、二硫代磷酸二辛烯基酯、二硫代磷酸二油基酯、二硫代磷酸二环己酯、二硫代磷酸二苯酯、二硫代磷酸二甲苯酯、二硫代磷酸二苄酯、二硫代磷酸二苯乙酯、以及乙基-3-[{双(1-甲基乙氧基)硫膦基}硫代]丙酸酯等。
从发明效果的观点出发,与硫代磷酸酯化合物相比,更优选为二硫代磷酸酯化合物。
作为(B-2)成分的硫化合物,使用在分子中具有二硫(-S-S-)键的硫化合物。具有这种二硫(-S-S-)键的硫化合物作为本组合物也能够提高耐划痕性等耐磨耗性。
另外,优选的是,(B-2)成分的硫化合物在分子中具有二硫(-S-S-)键的同时,该硫化合物中的具有三硫(-S-S-S-)以上的多硫键的硫化合物的含量以其与前述具有二硫(-S-S-)键的化合物的合计量为基准在1质量%以下。硫化合物的具有三硫(-S-S-S-)以上的多硫键的硫化合物的含量为1质量%以下时,具有提高组合物的耐热性、抑制油泥的产生的效果。
另外,作为(B-2)成分的硫化合物在JIS K 2513中规定的铜板腐蚀试验(测定条件:100℃、3小时)中的值优选为2以下。若为该铜板腐蚀试验的值为2以下的硫化合物,则液压油组合物的耐热性良好、具有抑制油泥的产生的效果。该铜板腐蚀试验为1时更优选。
本组合物中,作为能够用作(B-2)成分的具有二硫(-S-S-)键的适合的硫化合物,例如可列举出(b-1)双(烷基二硫代)-噻二唑、(b-2)二烷基二巯基乙醇酸酯、(b-3)二烃基二硫醚、以及(b-4)二硫化四烷基秋兰姆。
作为(b-1)的噻二唑的具体例,可列举出2,5-双(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁烷二硫代)-1,3,4-噻二唑、2,5-双(叔辛基二硫代)1,3,4-噻二唑、2,5-双(正壬基二硫代)1,3,4-噻二唑、以及2,5-双(正十二烷基二硫代)-1,3,4-噻二唑等。作为(b-2)的二烷基二巯基乙醇酸酯的具体例,可列举出二乙基二巯基乙醇酸酯、二正丁基二巯基乙醇酸酯、二异丁基二巯基乙醇酸酯,二正辛基二巯基乙醇酸酯、二异辛基二巯基乙醇酸酯、二(2-乙基己基)二巯基乙醇酸酯、二癸基二巯基乙醇酸酯、二(十一烷基)二巯基乙醇酸酯、二(十四烷基)二巯基乙醇酸酯、以及二(十八烷基)二巯基乙醇酸酯等。作为(b-3)的二烃基二硫醚,可列举出二叔丁基二硫醚、二辛基二硫醚、二叔壬基二硫醚、二(十二烷基)二硫醚、二苄基二硫醚、二苯基二硫醚、以及二环己基二硫醚等。作为(b-4)的二硫化四烷基秋兰姆,可列举出二硫化四甲基秋兰姆、二硫化四乙基秋兰姆等。
本发明中,从效果的观点来看,优选为(b-2)的二烷基二巯基乙醇酸酯和(b-3)的二烃基二硫醚。具体而言,优选为二正丁基二巯基乙醇酸酯、二异丁基二巯基乙醇酸酯、以及二苄基二硫醚。
本组合物中,作为(B)成分,可以单独使用前述硫化合物中的1种,也可以组合2种以上使用。
前述(B)成分的配混量以组合物总量为基准计以硫含量计优选为0.01质量%以上且0.5质量%以下的范围。该配混量不足0.01质量%时,有可能无法充分获得抗磨耗效果(极压性),另一方面,即使超过0.5质量%,有时也无法获得与配混相符的效果。更优选的配混量为0.02质量%以上且0.2质量%以下。
〔(C)成分〕
本组合物中,作为(C)成分,优选使用酸值为10mgKOH/g以下的羧酸酰胺。酸值超过10mgKOH/g时,防锈性提升,但耐热性差、容易产生油泥、提取水的pH降低,因此在存在水分的情况下容易使聚氨酯橡胶劣化。
这样的羧酸酰胺例如可以使己酸、辛酸、癸酸、月桂酸、肉豆蔻酸、棕榈酸、硬脂酸、花生酸、山嵛酸、二十四烷酸、棕榈油酸(zoomaric acid)、油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸、二十碳烯酸(gadoleic acid)、芥酸、鲨油酸、蓖麻油酸、以及羟基硬脂酸等羧酸与胺(氨)发生反应而得到的。
另外,作为羧酸酰胺,羧酸烷醇酰胺也是适合的。例如可列举出月桂酸二乙醇酰胺、油酸二乙醇酰胺、硬脂酸二乙醇酰胺、油酸单乙醇酰胺、油酸单丙醇酰胺、以及油酸二丙醇酰胺等。
作为本组合物中的羧酸酰胺,油酸二乙醇酰胺从防锈性和溶解性的观点来看是特别适合的。
本组合物中,作为(C)成分,可以单独使用前述羧酸酰胺中的1种,也可以组合2种以上使用。
(C)成分的配混量为0.01质量%以上且0.5质量%以下。配混量不足0.01质量%时,有可能无法发挥防锈性。另一方面,配混量超过0.5质量%时,有可能耐热性差、变得容易生成油泥。
〔(C’)成分〕
本组合物中,作为(C’)成分,优选的是,以使得基于JIS Z 8802的提取水的pH达到6~8的量配混羧酸酰胺。本组合物的提取水的pH为6以上且8以下时,能够抑制作为填料密封/涂料等材料而用于液压装置等的聚氨酯橡胶等的劣化、良好地保持密封性。
〔(D)成分〕
本发明中,作为(D)成分,使用琥珀酰亚胺衍生物。该成分兼具防锈效果和油泥分散效果。作为琥珀酰亚胺衍生物,可适合地使用作为无灰系分散剂而已知的、在侧链具有烷基或烯基的琥珀酰亚胺。特别优选的是,数均分子量500以上3000以下左右的侧链具有烷基或烯基的琥珀酰亚胺。侧链的数均分子量不足500时,在基础油中的分散性有可能恶化。另一方面,该侧链的数均分子量超过3000时,制备润滑油组合物时的操作性恶化。另外,组合物的粘度过度上升而用于例如液压装置时,其工作特性有可能恶化。
作为这样的琥珀酰亚胺,存在各种各样的物质,例如可列举出具有聚丁烯基或聚异丁烯基的琥珀酰亚胺。此处提及的聚丁烯基是指使1-丁烯与异丁烯的混合物或高纯度的异丁烯发生聚合而得到的聚丁烯基、或者、以聚异丁烯基的加氢物的形式得到的。需要说明的是,作为琥珀酰亚胺,所谓的单型的烯基或烷基琥珀酰亚胺、或者、所谓的双型的烯基或烷基琥珀酰亚胺中的任一种均可。这些之中,优选为聚丁烯基琥珀酰亚胺。
另外,还优选对前述琥珀酰亚胺衍生物进一步进行硼改性后使用。例如,通过向醇类、己烷、二甲苯等有机溶剂中添加前述聚胺和聚丁烯基琥珀酸(酐)和硼酸等硼化合物,并在适当的条件下加热,能够获得硼化聚丁烯基琥珀酰亚胺。需要说明的是,作为硼化合物,除了硼酸以外,还可列举出硼酸酐、卤化硼、硼酸酯、硼酸酰胺、氧化硼等。其中,特别优选硼酸。
在配混前述的硼改性琥珀酰亚胺时,硼成分以组合物总量为基准计优选为50质量ppm以上且3000质量ppm以下、进一步优选为50质量ppm以上且2500质量ppm以下。硼为50质量ppm以上时,制成润滑油组合物时的耐热性提高。另外,硼成分为3000质量ppm以下时,能够抑制硼部分的水解,进而还能够抑制制造成本,因而优选。上述的硼衍生物中的硼含量没有特别限定,通常为0.05质量%以上、5质量%以下,优选为0.1质量%以上、3质量%以下。
(D)成分的配混量以组合物总量为基准计优选为0.01质量%以上且1质量%以下,更优选为0.05质量%以上且0.5质量%以下。配混量不足0.01质量%时,其效果难以发挥,另外,即使超过1质量%,也得不到与其配混量相符合的效果。另外,过多时,水分离性有可能降低。需要说明的是,(D)成分在配混上述量的情况下,可以单独使用或者组合2种以上使用。
本组合物是通过在上述基础油中配混(A)成分、(B)成分以及(D)成分而得到的,更优选配混(C)成分、(C’)成分。为了进一步提高本组合物的性能,可以在不损害本发明目的的范围内适当配混金属系清净剂(metal detergent)、抗氧化剂、金属减活剂(metal deactivator)、粘度指数改善剂、倾点下降剂、消泡剂等公知的添加剂。
作为这些(A)成分、(B)成分、(C)成分、以及(D)成分的适当组合,可列举出:(I)磷酸三甲苯酯((A)成分)、二硫代磷酸化合物((B)成分)、油酸二乙醇酰胺((C)成分)、聚丁烯基琥珀酰亚胺((D)成分)的组合;(II)硫代磷酸三苯酯((A)成分)、二硫代磷酸化合物((B)成分)、油酸二乙醇酰胺((C)成分)、聚丁烯基琥珀酰亚胺((D)成分)的组合;(III)硫代磷酸三苯酯((A)成分)、二丁基二巯基乙醇酸酯((B)成分)、油酸二乙醇酰胺((C)成分)、聚丁烯基琥珀酰亚胺((D)成分)的组合;以及,(IV)硫代磷酸三苯酯((A)成分)、二苄基二硫醚((B)成分)、油酸二乙醇酰胺((C)成分)、聚丁烯基琥珀酰亚胺((D)成分)的组合等。
作为金属系清净剂,优选为金属磺酸盐、金属水杨酸盐、以及金属酚盐(metal phenate)。它们通过提高润滑油组合物的抗锈性能、且抑制在润滑油中存在或混入的水分的pH的降低而具有抑制聚氨酯橡胶等填料密封材料的劣化的效果。金属磺酸盐无论中性、碱性、过碱性均可使用。这些之中,优选为中性的碱土金属磺酸盐,特别优选为中性Ca磺酸盐。另一方面,金属水杨酸盐、金属酚盐优选以过碱性金属水杨酸盐、过碱性金属酚盐的形式使用。另外,这些金属系清净剂以组合物总量为基准计优选配混0.05质量%以上且0.5质量%以下。
作为抗氧化剂,可以使用酚系抗氧化剂和胺系抗氧化剂。这些抗氧化剂可以单独使用1种或组合2种以上使用。作为酚系抗氧化剂,例如可列举出2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基苯酚、2,6-二叔丁基-4-乙基苯酚、十八烷基3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸酯等单酚系化合物;4,4’-亚甲基双(2,6-二叔丁基苯酚)、2,2’-亚甲基双(4-乙基-6-叔丁基苯酚)等二酚系化合物。
作为胺系抗氧化剂,例如可列举出单辛基二苯基胺、单壬基二苯基胺等单烷基二苯基胺系化合物;4,4’-二丁基二苯基胺、4,4’-二戊基二苯基胺、4,4’-二己基二苯基胺、4,4’-二庚基二苯基胺、4,4’-二辛基二苯基胺、4,4’-二壬基二苯基胺等二烷基二苯基胺系化合物;四丁基二苯基胺、四己基二苯基胺、四辛基二苯基胺、四壬基二苯基胺等聚烷基二苯基胺系化合物;α-萘胺、苯基-α-萘胺、丁基苯基-α-萘胺、戊基苯基-α-萘胺、己基苯基-α-萘胺、庚基苯基-α-萘胺、辛基苯基-α-萘胺、壬基苯基-α-萘胺等萘胺系化合物。
本发明中,可以使用前述酚系抗氧化剂中的1种,也可以组合2种以上使用。另外,可以使用前述胺系抗氧化剂中的1种,也可以组合2种以上使用。进而,优选将1种以上的酚系抗氧化剂和1种以上的胺系抗氧化剂组合。本发明中,该抗氧化剂的优选配混量以组合物总量为基准计为0.05质量%以上且2质量%以下、更优选为0.1质量%以上且1质量%以下。
作为金属减活剂,可列举出苯并三唑、噻二唑等。这些金属减活剂的优选配混量以组合物总量为基准计为0.005质量%以上且1质量%以下左右,更优选为0.007质量%以上且0.5质量%以下。
作为粘度指数改善剂,例如可列举出聚甲基丙烯酸酯、分散型聚甲基丙烯酸酯、烯烃系共聚物(例如,乙烯-丙烯共聚物等)、分散型烯烃系共聚物、苯乙烯系共聚物(例如,苯乙烯-二烯加氢共聚物等)等。粘度指数改善剂的配混量没有特别限定,以组合物总量为基准计优选为0.5质量%以上且15质量%以下、更优选为1质量%以上且10质量%以下。
作为倾点下降剂,可以使用质均分子量为5万以上且15万以下左右的聚甲基丙烯酸酯等。倾点下降剂的优选配混量以组合物总量为基准计为0.1质量%以上且5质量%以下、更优选为0.2质量%以上且2质量%以下。
作为消泡剂,可以使用高分子有机硅系消泡剂、聚丙烯酸酯系消泡剂。消泡剂的优选配混量以组合物总量为基准计为0.0001质量%以上且0.5质量%以下,更优选配混0.0005质量%以上且0.3质量%以下。
本组合物具有上述提及的组成,组合物的提取水的pH优选为6以上且8以下。组合物的提取水的pH为6以上且8以下时,能够抑制作为填料密封/涂料等材料而用于液压装置等的聚氨酯橡胶等的劣化、良好地保持密封性。
另外,作为组合物的酸值(mgKOH/g)从防锈性和耐热性的观点出发,基于JIS K2501中规定的“润滑油中和试验方法”,通过电位差法测定的值优选为0.01mgKOH/g以上且0.05mgKOH/g以下,更优选为0.02mgKOH/g以上且0.04mgKOH/g以下。
本组合物的耐划痕性等耐磨耗性优异,并且耐热性良好、抑制油泥的产生、防止聚氨酯橡胶等密封材料(填料)的劣化,且防锈性也优异。因此,本组合物适合用于各种润滑油用途。尤其是,适合用作建设机械、注射成形机、工作机械、制铁设备等的液压油,作为其它的液压机器例如产业用机器人、液压升降机等液压机器用途的液压油也显示出良好的性能。尤其是,润滑油的交换作业通常是困难的,因此本组合物作为需要更长寿命的风力发电机的液压传动系统用液压油、以及具备液压传动系统的风力发电机用液压油是适合的。
实施例
接着,通过实施例来更详细地说明本发明,但本发明不限定于这些例子。需要说明的是,性能的评价按照以下示出的方法进行。
(1)耐磨耗性(FZG耐划痕试验)
使用FZG齿轮试验机,按照DIN 51354-2,按照规定阶段性地提高载重,用产生划痕的载重的等级来表示。
(2)防锈性(抗锈试验)
按照JIS K 2510(B法、人工海水法)进行测定。
(3)提取水pH
将供试油与离子交换水以1:1的质量比进行混合,测定静置后的水分的pH(JIS Z 8802)。
(4)耐热性(氧化试验后的油泥量)
通过基于JIS K 2514-1996的内燃机用润滑油氧化稳定度试验(ISOT),用微孔过滤器收集所产生的油泥量,测定该量(mg/100mL)。试验温度为150℃,试验时间为168小时。
(5)抗橡胶劣化性(聚氨酯橡胶浸渍试验)
将供试油90mL和离子交换水10mL采取至玻璃烧杯中,浸渍聚氨酯橡胶(JCMAS P041中记载)的JIS 3号哑铃,边搅拌边进行以93℃浸渍120小时的浸渍试验。测定浸渍后的聚氨酯橡胶哑铃的拉伸强度,由浸渍试验前的聚氨酯橡胶求出拉伸强度的变化率(%)。
〔实施例1~5、比较例1~6〕
如表1所示那样,向基础油中配混各添加剂,制备实施例和比较例的试样油,评价各自的性能。结果也示于表1。
[表1]
1)基础油:属于API分类第II组的加氢精制矿物油、40℃运动粘度为46mm2/s
2)磷化合物1((A)成分):磷酸三甲苯酯
3)磷化合物2((A)成分):硫代磷酸三苯酯
4)磷化合物3:酸式磷酸酯的胺盐(Vanderbilt公司制造的VANLUBE672)
5)硫化合物1((B-1)成分):二硫代磷酸化合物(Ciba Specialty Chemicals Corporation制造的IRGALUBE63)
6)硫化合物2((B-2)成分):二苄基二硫醚(铜板腐蚀试验1(1b))
7)硫化合物3((B-2)成分):二丁基二巯基乙醇酸酯(铜板腐蚀试验2(2C))
8)硫化合物4((B-2)成分):2,5-双(正十二烷基二硫代)-1,3,4-噻二唑(铜板腐蚀试验1(1A))
9)硫化合物5:含硫化烯烃的硫化合物(Afton Chemical Corporation制造的HITEC343)
10)羧酸酰胺1((C)成分):油酸二乙醇酰胺(酸值 0.6mg KOH/g)
11)羧酸酰胺2:高级烷基取代的十二烷基琥珀酰胺(酸值为60mg KOH/g)
12)烯基琥珀酰亚胺((D)成分):聚丁烯基琥珀酰亚胺(LUBLIZOL公司制造的LZ6406)
13)琥珀酸烯基酯:LUBLIZOL公司制 LZ859(烯基琥珀酸多元醇酯)
14)酚系抗氧化剂:2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚
15)胺系抗氧化剂:二苯基胺系(Ciba Specialty Chemicals Corporation制造的IRGANOX-L57)
16)金属减活剂:苯并三唑系(Ciba Specialty Chemicals Corporation制造的IRGAMET39)
17)消泡剂:LUBLIZOL公司制造的889D
18)40℃运动粘度:基于JIS K 2283进行测定。
19)酸值:基于JIS K2501中规定的“润滑油中和试验方法”,通过电位差法进行测定。
20)P成分:基于JPI-5S-38-92进行测定。
21)S成分:基于JIS K 2541进行测定。
〔评价结果〕
由表1可知,实施例1~5的试样油的耐磨耗性(FZG耐划痕性)、耐热性(油泥产生量)、防锈性良好,进而抗聚氨酯橡胶劣化性也优异。
另一方面,比较例1~6均偏离了本发明的技术方案中的任一个,因此,性能与实施例相比较差。
Claims (10)
1.润滑油组合物,其特征在于,在40℃下的运动粘度为10mm2/s以上且1000mm2/s以下的基础油中配混有下述(A)、(B)、(D):
(A)以磷成分计为0.001质量%以上且0.3质量%以下的下述式(1)所示的磷化合物之中的至少1种,
[化学式1]
式(1)中,R表示氢原子或碳原子数3以下的烷基、X表示氧原子或硫原子;
(B)以硫成分计为0.01质量%以上且0.5质量%以下的、下述式(2)所示的硫化合物(B-1)以及分子中具有二硫(-S-S-)键且通过在上述基础油中添加1质量%而进行的铜板腐蚀试验中的值为2以下的硫化合物(B-2)之中的至少任一种,其中,所述铜板腐蚀试验基于JISK 2513,测定条件为100℃下3小时,
[化学式2]
式(2)中,R1、R2、R4各自独立地为碳原子数1~18的直链或具有支链的饱和或不饱和的脂肪族烃基、或者、任选具有支链的碳原子数5~18的饱和或不饱和的环状烃基,R3为碳原子数1~6的直链或支链的亚烷基,X2、X3、X4各自独立地为氧原子或硫原子,X1为氧原子或硫原子,上述式中包含至少一个硫原子;以及
(D)0.01质量%以上且1质量%以下的琥珀酰亚胺衍生物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的润滑油组合物,其特征在于,
其还配混有:(C)0.01质量%以上且0.5质量%以下的、酸值为10mgKOH/g以下的羧酸酰胺。
3.根据权利要求1所述的润滑油组合物,其特征在于,
其还以使得基于JIS Z 8802的提取水的pH达到6~8的量配混有(C’)羧酸酰胺。
4.根据权利要求1~权利要求3中任一项所述的润滑油组合物,其特征在于,
所述(B-2)成分中的具有三硫(-S-S-S-)键以上的多硫键的硫化合物的含量以所述(B-2)成分总量为基准计为1质量%以下。
5.根据权利要求1~权利要求4中任一项所述的润滑油组合物,其特征在于,
所述(D)成分的侧链具有烷基或烯基、且所述侧链的数均分子量为500以上且3000以下。
6.根据权利要求1~权利要求5中任一项所述的润滑油组合物,其特征在于,
所述基础油是属于由API定义的基础油类别的第II组或第III组的基础油。
7.根据权利要求1~权利要求5中任一项所述的润滑油组合物,其特征在于,
所述基础油为聚α-烯烃(PAO)。
8.根据权利要求1~权利要求7中任一项所述的润滑油组合物,其特征在于,
该组合物的酸值为0.01mgKOH/g以上且0.05mgKOH/g以下。
9.根据权利要求1~权利要求8中任一项所述的润滑油组合物,其特征在于,其为液压油。
10.根据权利要求9所述的润滑油组合物,其特征在于,其为风力发电机的液压传动系统用液压油。
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