CN104067847A - Cutting seedling culture method of akebia trifoliate - Google Patents
Cutting seedling culture method of akebia trifoliate Download PDFInfo
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- CN104067847A CN104067847A CN201410352796.7A CN201410352796A CN104067847A CN 104067847 A CN104067847 A CN 104067847A CN 201410352796 A CN201410352796 A CN 201410352796A CN 104067847 A CN104067847 A CN 104067847A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a cutting seedling culture method of akebia trifoliate, which is characterized by comprising a cutting branch maternal plant culture phase and a cutting branch seedbed culture phase. The method has the benefits that through the adoption of the cutting seedling culture method of the akebia trifoliate, (1), the frequency of callus induction can reach 98.6-99.8%; (2), the differentiation rate of root primordia can reach 98.5-99.5%; (3), the rooting percentage can reach 97.9-98.6%; (4), the survival rate can reach 96.7-97.8%; (5), the seedling rate can reach 96.4-96.7%; (6), the maternal plant stipe utilization rate can reach 90-93%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cuttage and seedling culture method of a kind of threeleaf akebia.
Background technology
Threeleaf akebia is fallen leaves woody climber, trifoliolate leaf, and leaflet oval, the blunt circle of tip or the short point of tool, base portion circle, is slightly heart-shaped sometimes, and edge is shallow to be split or is wavy, and petiole is elongated, opens aubergine flower spring and summer, synoecy.
The propagation method of threeleaf akebia mainly contains several major ways such as seminal propagation, propagation by layering, point root and stem of certain plants breeding, cottage propagation.Seminal propagation is simple, and the seedling result of breeding is out slow, and after general 3 years, ability result, does not generally adopt in production; Within after the general field planting of propagation by layering the 2nd year, can blossom and bear fruit, but press strip operation floor space is large, inconvenient operation, performance difficulty; Although the breeding of point root and stem of certain plants can the many strains of a pocket, reproduction coefficient is less, is only suitable for germ plasm resource in situ conservation and maternal plant garden and just builds the stage; Cottage propagation all can carry out throughout the year, and taking cuttage in spring as main, reproduction coefficient is high, is the major way of threeleaf akebia sapling multiplication, and the large-scale production that is suitable for high quality seedling is supplied with.
The cuttage survival rate of threeleaf akebia is generally 50-90%, and planting percent is 30-60%, vary within wide limits, and result repeatability is not strong.Main cause is that researcher does not get a real idea of the interaction that affects skewer rooting of cuttings and germination factors, comprise nutrition condition and the plant age of cuttage bar maternal plant, cuttage bar gathers and processes the soil in cuttage season and seedbed, liquid manure, illumination, temperature environment factor etc.The research report of threeleaf akebia seedling cuttage breeding method is many, similar, mostly be the comparative analysis based on to certain (or group) result of the test, still achieving no breakthrough property is made progress technically, does not also form practicable threeleaf akebia cuttage and seedling culture method.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention has been to provide the cuttage and seedling culture method of a kind of threeleaf akebia.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: the cuttage and seedling culture method of a kind of threeleaf akebia, it is characterized in that comprising that cuttage bar maternal plant is cultivated, two stages are cultivated in cuttage bar seedbed, and be specifically divided into following steps:
(1) selection of maternal plant
According to plant strain growth situation, select the maternal plant that growth is vigorous, flourishing, rattan is sturdy, the plant of 2-3 life is cultivated as threeleaf akebia cuttage bar;
(2) cuttage bar is cultivated the formation of determining of unit and otch
3 days, lunar calendar rainwater joint front and back then, carry out cuttage bar cultivation cell location mark according to the dense degree of maternal plant rattan internode to intending the stem section of cultivation cuttage bar, and 2-3 joint is a cuttage bar cultivation unit; A cuttage bar is cultivated the cuttage bar cultivation unit of part formation between cell location mark upper end (1) and a cuttage bar cultivation cell location mark lower end (6); Cultivate the bottom stipes base portion 1-4cm place of unit rattan at each cuttage bar, 3 of phloem cuttings are deep to moon shape otch (22) of hanging by the feet of xylem (25) in same level, there is each other certain intervals distance, ensure that between the multiple cuttage bars cultivation of homophyletic unit, the transport downwards of phloem organic nutrient substance is unobstructed;
(3) making of maternal plant callus induction ring and induction ring are wound around
Make the anchor ring of callus induction ring (5) with the black nylon cloth of long 6cm, wide 3cm, anchor ring two ends be provided with induction ring reverse side connect that button (12) and induction encircle front connect button (14), first nonwoven thick one deck 2cm (13) is wrapped on rattan round hanging a moon shape otch (22) by the feet; To induce again the anchor ring of ring (5) round nonwoven (13), the plastics fishing without hook connecing on button (14) that connects button (12) and induction ring front of induction ring reverse side tightly clings, and fixes nonwoven (13); Transfusion tube joint (11) is embedded between nonwoven (13) and anchor ring; Plant infusion bag (7) is as induced liquid bag, many logical knockouts (8) are connected to the bottom of infusion bag (7), and connect woven hose (10), drip fast adjuster (9) and be arranged on woven hose (10);
(4) cultivation of cuttage bar maternal plant
Hanging a moon shape otch (22) by the feet at rattan phloem (26) locates to be wound around 1 callus induction ring and connects after transfusion tube joint (11), first 15 days is the callus induction phase, uses callus induction liquid: 6-BA0.5-2.0mg/L+NAA0.25-2.5mg/L; Within 16-30 days, be the former base induction of root and new root emergence period, use root induction liquid: 6-BA0.5-2.0mg/L+NAA1.0-10.0mg/L; 6-BA is 6-benzyl aminoadenine, and Main Function evoked callus occurs, and NAA is methyl α-naphthyl acetate, and Main Function is that induction forms adventive root; Induced liquid is added in plant infusion bag (7), open induction drop velocity modulation joint device (9), allow induced liquid slowly infiltrate the nonwoven (13) in induction ring, and moon shape otch (22) of hanging by the feet that is progressively diffused into rattan is located;
After cultivating about 30 days on cuttage bar maternal plant, complete callus and the former base induced development of root, transfusion tube joint (11) is removed, then continue to cultivate 10-15 days, manifest new root generation protruding point, complete on cuttage bar maternal plant and cultivate;
(5) cuttage bar is sheared
In the time that each cuttage bar has completed the former base of root and induces and new root occurs, withdraw callus induction ring (5), cut into the single cuttage bar with 2-3 joint by cuttage bar unit mark with orchard shears, be put in cool place and locate to wait to plant;
(6) cuttage of cuttage bar is transplanted
1. prepare in seedbed
Seedbed is selected: select hillside or the farmland of soil property neutrality and subacidity soil, requirement is ventilated, printing opacity is good, is equipped with manual watering water source and watering appliance;
Matrix is prepared: thin river sand: native country soil: decomposed manure mixes in the ratio of 1:1:1;
Ridging is shaped: make the ridge of wide 1.2 meters, 0.4 meter of distance between the ridges, aisle between cut-off, leveling ridge;
2. seedbed trench digging
Seedbed trench digging: on ridge, ditch, determine ditch depth according to the length of cuttage bar, generally at 5-10cm, ditch spacing 40cm;
Seedbed fertilising: the side in ditch applies the composite fertilizer of 5 kgs/acre, with seedbed soil covering, loses fertilizer and is as the criterion;
3. seedbed cuttage: by the spacing in the rows of 33cm/ strain, the cuttage bar proper alignment of having sheared be there is no in ditch to the opposite side of fertilizer, gradient is 60 degree, then covers root with seedbed soil, the uppermost joint of cuttage bar bassets, length 2-3cm left and right;
4. hilling compacting: with seedbed soil covering cuttage bar root compacting, pouring normal root water, reaches semi-saturation;
5. branch sunshade: carry out shed with being ready to bamboo chip, high 1.5 meters, wide 1.2 meters, on shed, cover branch sunshade, sunshade degree 50-70%, has a small amount of scattered light in canopy;
(7) seedbed management
Cuttage bar seedbed breeding phase, skewer rooting of cuttings of observation in every 7 days and germination, weed a garden in time; When being less than 30%, soil moisture content waters in time; When ceiling sunshade branch is opened by wind, to reset in time and fix, keep 70% sunshade degree, with anti glare anti static coatings direct projection, record respectively the new tree of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% cuttage bar and find time; In the time that 90% cuttage bar all sends forth branches, can remove sunshade, continue to cultivate in seedbed, supply production base transplant planting in good time.
The mindset of the in-vitro breeding of the threeleaf akebia cuttage bar that the present invention breaks traditions, is divided into cuttage bar maternal plant by cuttage and seedling culture and cultivates and seedbed two stages of cultivation.At maternal plant breeding phase, to give full play to the nutrition supply of threeleaf akebia maternal plant to cuttage bar unit, hitch by the location of callus induction ring simultaneously, on maternal plant, complete in advance callus induction and the former base differentiation of cortex root of cuttage bar, evaded the harmful effect of many variable uncontrollable factors; Seedbed breeding phase, the shearing of cuttage bar and seedbed cuttage settle at one go, directly enter the cuttage bar breeding phase that roots, and promote skewer rooting of cuttings and germination.Rooting rate, survival rate, planting percent and the maternal plant kind joint availability of cuttage bar are all greatly improved; stablize and workable cuttage and seedling culture method for the biological control of threeleaf akebia high quality seedling provides technological package index, supply with and provide core technology to support for the large-scale production of threeleaf akebia seedling.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: use the cuttage and seedling culture method of threeleaf akebia of the present invention can reach (1) callus induction rate 98.6-99.8%; (2) the former base differentiation rate of root 98.5-99.5%; (3) rooting rate 97.9-98.6%; (4) survival rate 96.7-97.8%; (5) planting percent 96.4-96.7%; (6) maternal plant kind joint availability 90-93%.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is the cuttage and seedling culture method of threeleaf akebia draw materials position and the schematic diagram while use of growing seedlings on plant;
Accompanying drawing 2 is the cuttage and seedling culture method of threeleaf akebia cuttage bar phloem threeleaf akebia rattan cross-sectional view while using;
Accompanying drawing 3 be the cuttage and seedling culture method of threeleaf akebia while using 3 of cuttage bar phloems hang the little otch horizontal spreading of moon shape schematic diagram by the feet;
In accompanying drawing: 1-is that cuttage bar is cultivated cell location mark upper end; 2-is rattan stipes; 3-is rattan stipes; 4-is compound leaf; 5-is callus induction ring; 6-is that cuttage bar is cultivated cell location mark lower end; 7-is infusion bag; 8-is knockout; 9-is adjuster; 10-is woven hose; 11-is transfusion tube joint; 12-is the button that connects of induction ring reverse side; 13-is nonwoven; 14-is the button that connects in induction ring front; 21-is rattan segment; 22-is for hanging the little incision site of moon shape by the feet; 23-is marrow; 24-is xylem; 25-is for forming layer; 26-is phloem; 27-is epidermis; 28-is epidermis.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1:
A cuttage and seedling culture method for threeleaf akebia, comprises that cuttage bar maternal plant is cultivated, two stages are cultivated in cuttage bar seedbed, is specifically divided into following steps:
(1) selection of maternal plant
According to plant strain growth situation, select the maternal plant that growth is vigorous, flourishing, rattan is sturdy, the plant of 2-3 life is cultivated as threeleaf akebia cuttage bar;
(2) cuttage bar is cultivated the formation of determining of unit and otch
3 days, lunar calendar rainwater joint front and back then, carry out cuttage bar cultivation cell location mark according to the dense degree of maternal plant rattan internode to intending the stem section of cultivation cuttage bar, and 2-3 joint is a cuttage bar cultivation unit; A cuttage bar is cultivated the cuttage bar cultivation unit of part formation between cell location mark upper end 1 and a cuttage bar cultivation cell location mark lower end 6; Cultivate the bottom stipes base portion 1-4cm place of unit rattan at each cuttage bar, 3 of phloem cuttings are deep to moon shape otch 22 of hanging by the feet of xylem 25 in same level, there is each other certain intervals distance, ensure that between the multiple cuttage bars cultivation of homophyletic unit, the transport downwards of phloem organic nutrient substance is unobstructed;
(3) making of maternal plant callus induction ring and induction ring are wound around
Make the anchor ring of callus induction ring 5 with the black nylon cloth of long 6cm, wide 3cm, anchor ring two ends be provided with induction ring reverse side connect button 12 and induction ring positive connect button 14, first nonwoven thick one deck 2cm 13 is wrapped on rattan round hanging a moon shape otch 22 by the feet; To induce the anchor ring of ring 5 round nonwoven 13 again, the button 12 that connects of induction ring reverse side tightly clings with the positive plastics fishing without hook connecing on button 14 of induction ring, fixes nonwoven 13; Transfusion tube joint 11 is embedded between nonwoven 13 and anchor ring; Plant infusion bag 7 is as induced liquid bag, and how logical knockout 8 is connected to the bottom of infusion bag 7, and connects woven hose 10, drips fast adjuster 9 and is arranged on woven hose 10;
(4) cultivation of cuttage bar maternal plant
Hang moon shape otch 22 places by the feet at rattan phloem 26 and be wound around 1 callus induction ring and connect after transfusion tube joint 11, first 15 days is the callus induction phase, uses callus induction liquid: 6-BA0.5-2.0mg/L+NAA0.25-2.5mg/L; Within 16-30 days, be the former base induction of root and new root emergence period, use root induction liquid: 6-BA0.5-2.0mg/L+NAA1.0-10.0mg/L; 6-BA is 6-benzyl aminoadenine, and Main Function evoked callus occurs, and NAA is methyl α-naphthyl acetate, and Main Function is that induction forms adventive root; Induced liquid is added in plant infusion bag 7, opens induction drop velocity modulation joint device 9, allow induced liquid slowly infiltrate the nonwoven 13 in induction ring, and be progressively diffused into moon shape otch 22 places of hanging by the feet of rattan;
After cultivating about 30 days on cuttage bar maternal plant, complete callus and the former base induced development of root, transfusion tube joint 11 is removed, then continue to cultivate 10-15 days, manifest new root generation protruding point, complete on cuttage bar maternal plant and cultivate;
(5) cuttage bar is sheared
In the time that each cuttage bar has completed the former base of root and induces and new root occurs, withdraw callus induction ring 5, cut into the single cuttage bar with 2-3 joint by cuttage bar unit mark with orchard shears, be put in cool place and locate to wait to plant;
(6) cuttage of cuttage bar is transplanted
1. prepare in seedbed
Seedbed is selected: select hillside or the farmland of soil property neutrality and subacidity soil, requirement is ventilated, printing opacity is good, is equipped with manual watering water source and watering appliance;
Matrix is prepared: thin river sand: native country soil: decomposed manure mixes in the ratio of 1:1:1;
Ridging is shaped: make the ridge of wide 1.2 meters, 0.4 meter of distance between the ridges, aisle between cut-off, leveling ridge;
2. seedbed trench digging
Seedbed trench digging: on ridge, ditch, determine ditch depth according to the length of cuttage bar, generally at 5-10cm, ditch spacing 40cm;
Seedbed fertilising: the side in ditch applies the composite fertilizer of 5 kgs/acre, with seedbed soil covering, loses fertilizer and is as the criterion;
3. seedbed cuttage: by the spacing in the rows of 33cm/ strain, the cuttage bar proper alignment of having sheared be there is no in ditch to the opposite side of fertilizer, gradient is 60 degree, then covers root with seedbed soil, the uppermost joint of cuttage bar bassets, length 2-3cm left and right;
4. hilling compacting: with seedbed soil covering cuttage bar root compacting, pouring normal root water, reaches semi-saturation;
5. branch sunshade: carry out shed with being ready to bamboo chip, high 1.5 meters, wide 1.2 meters, on shed, cover branch sunshade, sunshade degree 50-70%, has a small amount of scattered light in canopy;
(7) seedbed management
Cuttage bar seedbed breeding phase, skewer rooting of cuttings of observation in every 7 days and germination, weed a garden in time; When being less than 30%, soil moisture content waters in time; When ceiling sunshade branch is opened by wind, to reset in time and fix, keep 70% sunshade degree, with anti glare anti static coatings direct projection, record respectively the new tree of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% cuttage bar and find time; In the time that 90% cuttage bar all sends forth branches, can remove sunshade, continue to cultivate in seedbed, supply production base transplant planting in good time.
Embodiment 2:
Technical scheme of the present invention is a kind of threeleaf akebia cuttage and seedling culture method, comprises that cuttage bar maternal plant is cultivated, two stages are cultivated in cuttage bar seedbed, is specifically divided into following step:
(1) selection of maternal plant
According to plant strain growth situation, select the maternal plant that growth is vigorous, flourishing, rattan is sturdy, the plant of 2-3 life is cultivated as threeleaf akebia cuttage bar the previous year.
(2) cuttage bar is cultivated the formation of determining of unit and otch
3 days, lunar calendar rainwater joint front and back then, carry out cuttage bar cultivation cell location mark according to the dense degree of maternal plant rattan internode to intending the stem section of cultivation cuttage bar, and 2-3 joint is a cuttage bar cultivation unit.A cuttage bar is cultivated the cuttage bar cultivation unit of part formation between cell location mark upper end (1) and a cuttage bar cultivation cell location mark lower end 6.A cuttage bar is cultivated unit the smooth position 2 of rattan stipes, rattan stipes band joint and compound leaf position 3, compound leaf 4; Cultivate the bottom stipes base portion 1-4cm place of unit rattan at each cuttage bar, 3 of phloem cuttings are deep to moon shape otch 22 of hanging by the feet of phloem 26 in same level, there is each other certain intervals distance, ensure that between the multiple cuttage bars cultivation of homophyletic unit, the transport downwards of phloem organic nutrient substance is unobstructed.
(3) making of maternal plant callus induction ring and induction ring are wound around
Make the anchor ring of callus induction ring 5 with the black nylon cloth of long 6cm, wide 3cm, the button 14 that connects that connects button 12 and anchor ring front of anchor ring reverse side has all been covered with plastics fishing without hook, first nonwoven thick one deck 2cm 13 is wrapped on rattan round hanging a moon shape otch 22 by the feet; To induce the anchor ring of ring 5 round nonwoven 13 again, the plastics fishing without hook connecing on button 14 that connects button 12 and anchor ring front of anchor ring reverse side tightly clings, and fixes nonwoven 13; Transfusion tube joint 11 is embedded between nonwoven 13 and anchor ring; Plant infusion bag 7 is as induced liquid bag, and how logical knockout 8 is connected to the bottom of infusion bag 7, and connects woven hose 10, drips fast adjuster 9 and is arranged on woven hose 10.
(4) cultivation of cuttage bar maternal plant
Rattan structure is respectively from inside to outside marrow 23, xylem 24, forms layer 25, phloem 26, epidermis 27, exocuticle 28.Hang moon shape otch 22 places by the feet at rattan phloem 26 and be wound around 1 callus induction ring and connect after transfusion tube joint 11, first 15 days is the callus induction phase, uses callus induction liquid: 6-BA0.5-2.0mg/L+NAA0.25-2.5mg/L; Within rear 15-30 days, be the former base induction of root and new root emergence period, use root induction liquid: 6-BA0.5-2.0mg/L+NAA1.0-10.0mg/L; 6-BA is 6-benzyl aminoadenine, and Main Function evoked callus occurs, and NAA is methyl α-naphthyl acetate, and Main Function is that induction forms adventive root; Induced liquid is added in plant infusion bag 7, opens induction drop velocity modulation joint device 9, allow induced liquid slowly infiltrate the nonwoven 13 in induction ring, and be progressively diffused into moon shape otch 22 places of hanging by the feet of rattan.
After cultivating about 30 days on cuttage bar maternal plant, complete callus and the former base induced development of root, then continue cultivate within about 10-15 days, manifest new root generation protruding point, complete on cuttage bar maternal plant and cultivate.
(5) cuttage bar is sheared
In the time that each cuttage bar has completed the former base of root and induces and new root occurs (lunar calendar Ching Ming Festival before and after several days), withdraw callus induction ring 5, cut into the single cuttage bar with 2-3 joint by cuttage bar unit mark with orchard shears, be put in cool place and locate to wait to plant.
(6) cuttage of cuttage bar is transplanted
1. prepare in seedbed
Seedbed is selected: select hillside or the farmland of soil property neutrality and subacidity soil, requirement is ventilated, printing opacity is good, is equipped with manual watering water source and watering appliance.
Matrix is prepared: thin river sand: native country soil: decomposed manure mixes in the ratio of 1:1:1.
Ridging is shaped: make the ridge of wide 1.2 meters, 0.4 meter of distance between the ridges, aisle between cut-off, leveling ridge.
2. seedbed trench digging
Seedbed trench digging: on ridge, ditch, determine ditch depth according to the length of cuttage bar, generally at 5-10cm, ditch spacing 40cm.
Seedbed fertilising: the side in ditch applies the composite fertilizer of 5 kgs/acre, with seedbed soil covering, loses fertilizer and is as the criterion.
3. seedbed cuttage: by the spacing in the rows of 33cm/ strain, the cuttage bar proper alignment of having sheared be there is no in ditch to the opposite side of fertilizer, gradient is 60 degree, then covers root with seedbed soil, the uppermost joint of cuttage bar bassets, length 2-3cm left and right.
4. hilling compacting: with seedbed soil covering cuttage bar root compacting, pouring normal root water, reaches semi-saturation.
5. branch sunshade: carry out shed with being ready to bamboo chip, high 1.5 meters, wide 1.2 meters, on shed, cover branch sunshade, sunshade degree 50-70%, has a small amount of scattered light in canopy.
(7) seedbed management
Cuttage bar seedbed breeding phase, skewer rooting of cuttings of observation in every 7 days and germination, weed a garden in time; When being less than 30%, soil moisture content waters in time; When ceiling sunshade branch is opened by wind, to reset in time and fix, keep 70% sunshade degree, with anti glare anti static coatings direct projection.Recording respectively the new tree of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% cuttage bar finds time.In the time that 90% cuttage bar all sends forth branches, can remove sunshade, continue to cultivate in seedbed, supply production base transplant planting in good time.
Embodiment 3:
Raw maternal plant 20 strains of screening 2-3 in 2013, cultivate 218 of cell location in mark cuttage on February 17 bar in 2014, cultivate the bottom stipes base portion 1-4cm place of unit rattan at each cuttage bar, in same level, hang 3 of phloem cuttings by the feet moon shape little otch, spacing distance 0.35cm each other, and hitch callus induction ring, February 17 to the induced liquid formula using between March 2 is 6-BA0.5mg/L+NAA0.25mg/L, in statistics callus induction rate on March 2; March 3 to the induced liquid formula using between March 17 is 6-BA0.5mg/L+NAA5.0mg/L, in the former base inductivity of statistics root on March 17; Continue to cultivate 15 days (March 18 was to April 1), added up new root generation protruding point April 2 and reach 98%.Carried out cuttage bar April 2 simultaneously simultaneously and shear and seedbed cuttage, seeding row spacing 33 × 40cm/ strain.
Select hillside or the farmland of soil property neutrality and subacidity soil to do seedbed, ventilate, printing opacity is good, is equipped with manual watering water source and pouring tap.
Medium of seedling bed is thin river sand: native country soil: decomposed manure mixes in the ratio of 1:1:1.Make the ridge of wide 1.2 meters, 0.4 meter of distance between the ridges, aisle between cut-off, leveling ridge.On ridge, ditch, ditch depth, 8cm, ditch spacing 40cm.A side in ditch applies the composite fertilizer of 5 kgs/acre, cover with seedbed soil, loseing fertilizer is as the criterion, by the spacing in the rows of 33cm/ strain, the cuttage bar proper alignment of having sheared be there is no in ditch to the opposite side of fertilizer, gradient is 60 degree, then cover root with seedbed soil, the uppermost joint of cuttage bar bassets, length 2-3cm left and right.With seedbed soil covering cuttage bar root compacting, water sufficient normal root water, reach semi-saturation state.Carry out shed with being ready to bamboo chip, high 1.5 meters, wide 1.2 meters, on shed, cover branch sunshade, sunshade degree 65%, has a small amount of scattered light in canopy.
Cuttage bar seedbed breeding phase, skewer rooting of cuttings of observation in every 7 days and germination, weed a garden in time; When being less than 30%, soil moisture content waters in time; When ceiling sunshade branch is opened by wind, to reset in time and fix, keep 70% sunshade degree, with anti glare anti static coatings direct projection.In the time that 90% cuttage bar all sends forth branches, can remove sunshade, continue to cultivate in seedbed, supply production base transplant planting in good time.
The technical indicator that enforcement reaches: callus induction rate 98.6%, the former base differentiation rate 98.5% of root, rooting rate 97.9%, survival rate 96.7%, planting percent 96.4%, maternal plant kind joint availability 90%.
Embodiment 4:
Screening 2-3 breeder mother plant in 2013 20 strains, cultivate 316 of cell location in mark cuttage on February 18 bar in 2014, cultivate the bottom stipes base portion 1-4cm place of unit rattan at each cuttage bar, in same level, hang 3 of phloem cuttings by the feet moon shape little otch, spacing distance 0.35cm each other, and hitch callus induction ring, the induced liquid formula that used February 18 to March 3 is 6-BA0.5mg/L+NAA0.25mg/L, in statistics callus induction rate on March 3, the induced liquid formula that used March 4 to March 18 is 6-BA0.5mg/L+NAA5.0mg/L, in the former base inductivity of statistics root on March 19, continue to cultivate 15 days (March 19 was to April 2), added up new root generation protruding point April 3 and reach 98%.Carried out cuttage bar April 3 simultaneously simultaneously and shear and seedbed cuttage, seeding row spacing 33 × 40cm/ strain.
Select hillside or the farmland of soil property neutrality and subacidity soil to do seedbed, ventilate, printing opacity is good, is equipped with manual watering water source and pouring tap.
Medium of seedling bed is thin river sand: native country soil: decomposed manure mixes in the ratio of 1:1:1.Make the ridge of wide 1.2 meters, 0.4 meter of distance between the ridges, aisle between cut-off, leveling ridge.On ridge, ditch, ditch depth, 8cm, ditch spacing 40cm.A side in ditch applies the composite fertilizer of 5 kgs/acre, cover with seedbed soil, loseing fertilizer is as the criterion, by the spacing in the rows of 33cm/ strain, the cuttage bar proper alignment of having sheared be there is no in ditch to the opposite side of fertilizer, gradient is 60 degree, then cover root with seedbed soil, the uppermost joint of cuttage bar bassets, length 2-3cm left and right.With seedbed soil covering cuttage bar root compacting, water sufficient normal root water, reach semi-saturation state.Carry out shed with being ready to bamboo chip, high 1.5 meters, wide 1.2 meters, on shed, cover branch sunshade, sunshade degree 65%, has a small amount of scattered light in canopy.
Cuttage bar seedbed breeding phase, skewer rooting of cuttings of observation in every 7 days and germination, weed a garden in time; When being less than 30%, soil moisture content waters in time; When ceiling sunshade branch is opened by wind, to reset in time and fix, keep 70% sunshade degree, with anti glare anti static coatings direct projection.In the time that 90% cuttage bar all sends forth branches, can remove sunshade, continue to cultivate in seedbed, supply production base transplant planting in good time.
The technical indicator that enforcement reaches: callus induction rate 99.1%, the former base differentiation rate 98.8% of root, rooting rate 98.1%, survival rate 96.9%, planting percent 96.4%, maternal plant kind joint availability 89.7%.
Embodiment 5:
Screening 2-3 breeder mother plant in 2013 20 strains, cultivate 330 of cell location in mark cuttage on February 19 bar in 2014, cultivate the bottom stipes base portion 1-4cm place of unit rattan at each cuttage bar, in same level, hang 3 of phloem cuttings by the feet moon shape little otch, spacing distance 0.35cm each other, and hitch callus induction ring, the induced liquid formula that used February 19 to March 4 is 6-BA0.5mg/L+NAA0.25mg/L, in statistics callus induction rate on March 4, the induced liquid formula that used March 5 to March 19 is 6-BA0.5mg/L+NAA5.0mg/L, in the former base inductivity of statistics root on March 20, continue to cultivate 15 days (March 20 was to April 4), added up new root generation protruding point April 4 and reach 98%.Carried out cuttage bar April 4 simultaneously and shear and seedbed cuttage, seeding row spacing 33 × 40cm/ strain.
Select hillside or the farmland of soil property neutrality and subacidity soil to do seedbed, ventilate, printing opacity is good, is equipped with manual watering water source and pouring tap.
Medium of seedling bed is thin river sand: native country soil: decomposed manure mixes in the ratio of 1:1:1.Make the ridge of wide 1.2 meters, 0.4 meter of distance between the ridges, aisle between cut-off, leveling ridge.On ridge, ditch, ditch depth, 8cm, ditch spacing 40cm.A side in ditch applies the composite fertilizer of 5 kgs/acre, cover with seedbed soil, loseing fertilizer is as the criterion, by the spacing in the rows of 33cm/ strain, the cuttage bar proper alignment of having sheared be there is no in ditch to the opposite side of fertilizer, gradient is 60 degree, then cover root with seedbed soil, the uppermost joint of cuttage bar bassets, length 2-3cm left and right.With seedbed soil covering cuttage bar root compacting, water sufficient normal root water, reach semi-saturation state.Carry out shed with being ready to bamboo chip, high 1.5 meters, wide 1.2 meters, on shed, cover branch sunshade, sunshade degree 65%, has a small amount of scattered light in canopy.
Cuttage bar seedbed breeding phase, skewer rooting of cuttings of observation in every 7 days and germination, weed a garden in time; When being less than 30%, soil moisture content waters in time; When ceiling sunshade branch is opened by wind, to reset in time and fix, keep 70% sunshade degree, with anti glare anti static coatings direct projection.In the time that 90% cuttage bar all sends forth branches, can remove sunshade, continue to cultivate in seedbed, supply production base transplant planting in good time.
The technical indicator that enforcement reaches: callus induction rate 99.4%, the former base differentiation rate 99.1% of root, rooting rate 98.3%, survival rate 97.2%, planting percent 96.5%, maternal plant kind joint availability 90.8%.
Embodiment 6:
Screening 2-3 breeder mother plant in 2013 20 strains, cultivate 356 of cell location in mark cuttage on February 20 bar in 2014, cultivate the bottom stipes base portion 1-4cm place of unit rattan at each cuttage bar, in same level, hang 3 of phloem cuttings by the feet moon shape little otch, spacing distance 0.35cm each other, and hitch callus induction ring, the induced liquid formula that used February 20 to March 5 is 6-BA0.5mg/L+NAA0.25mg/L, in statistics callus induction rate on March 5, the induced liquid formula that used March 6 to March 20 is 6-BA0.5mg/L+NAA5.0mg/L, in the former base inductivity of statistics root on March 21, continue to cultivate 15 days (March 21 was to April 5), added up new root generation protruding point April 5 and reach 98%.Carried out cuttage bar April 5 simultaneously and shear and seedbed cuttage, seeding row spacing 33 × 40cm/ strain.
Select hillside or the farmland of soil property neutrality and subacidity soil to do seedbed, ventilate, printing opacity is good, is equipped with manual watering water source and pouring tap.
Medium of seedling bed is thin river sand: native country soil: decomposed manure mixes in the ratio of 1:1:1.Make the ridge of wide 1.2 meters, 0.4 meter of distance between the ridges, aisle between cut-off, leveling ridge.On ridge, ditch, ditch depth, 8cm, ditch spacing 40cm.A side in ditch applies the composite fertilizer of 5 kgs/acre, cover with seedbed soil, loseing fertilizer is as the criterion, by the spacing in the rows of 33cm/ strain, the cuttage bar proper alignment of having sheared be there is no in ditch to the opposite side of fertilizer, gradient is 60 degree, then cover root with seedbed soil, the uppermost joint of cuttage bar bassets, length 2-3cm left and right.With seedbed soil covering cuttage bar root compacting, water sufficient normal root water, reach semi-saturation state.Carry out shed with being ready to bamboo chip, high 1.5 meters, wide 1.2 meters, on shed, cover branch sunshade, sunshade degree 65%, has a small amount of scattered light in canopy.
Cuttage bar seedbed breeding phase, skewer rooting of cuttings of observation in every 7 days and germination, weed a garden in time; When being less than 30%, soil moisture content waters in time; When ceiling sunshade branch is opened by wind, to reset in time and fix, keep 70% sunshade degree, with anti glare anti static coatings direct projection.In the time that 90% cuttage bar all sends forth branches, can remove sunshade, continue to cultivate in seedbed, supply production base transplant planting in good time.
The technical indicator that enforcement reaches: callus induction rate 98.6%, the former base differentiation rate 99.3% of root, rooting rate 98.5%, survival rate 97.4%, planting percent 96.6%, maternal plant kind joint availability 91.7%.
Embodiment 7:
Screening 2-3 breeder mother plant in 2013 20 strains, cultivate 269 of cell location in mark cuttage on February 21 bar in 2014, cultivate the bottom stipes base portion 1-4cm place of unit rattan at each cuttage bar, in same level, hang 3 of phloem cuttings by the feet moon shape little otch, spacing distance 0.35cm each other, and hitch callus induction ring, the induced liquid formula that used February 21 to March 6 is 6-BA0.5mg/L+NAA0.25mg/L, in statistics callus induction rate on March 6, the induced liquid formula that used March 7 to March 21 is 6-BA0.5mg/L+NAA5.0mg/L, in the former base inductivity of statistics root on March 22, continue to cultivate 15 days (March 22 was to April 6), added up new root generation protruding point April 6 and reach 98%.Carried out cuttage bar April 6 simultaneously and shear and seedbed cuttage, seeding row spacing 33 × 40cm/ strain.
Select hillside or the farmland of soil property neutrality and subacidity soil to do seedbed, ventilate, printing opacity is good, is equipped with manual watering water source and pouring tap.
Medium of seedling bed is thin river sand: native country soil: decomposed manure mixes in the ratio of 1:1:1.Make the ridge of wide 1.2 meters, 0.4 meter of distance between the ridges, aisle between cut-off, leveling ridge.On ridge, ditch, ditch depth, 8cm, ditch spacing 40cm.A side in ditch applies the composite fertilizer of 5 kgs/acre, cover with seedbed soil, loseing fertilizer is as the criterion, by the spacing in the rows of 33cm/ strain, the cuttage bar proper alignment of having sheared be there is no in ditch to the opposite side of fertilizer, gradient is 60 degree, then cover root with seedbed soil, the uppermost joint of cuttage bar bassets, length 2-3cm left and right.With seedbed soil covering cuttage bar root compacting, water sufficient normal root water, reach semi-saturation state.Carry out shed with being ready to bamboo chip, high 1.5 meters, wide 1.2 meters, on shed, cover branch sunshade, sunshade degree 65%, has a small amount of scattered light in canopy.
Cuttage bar seedbed breeding phase, skewer rooting of cuttings of observation in every 7 days and germination, weed a garden in time; When being less than 30%, soil moisture content waters in time; When ceiling sunshade branch is opened by wind, to reset in time and fix, keep 70% sunshade degree, with anti glare anti static coatings direct projection.In the time that 90% cuttage bar all sends forth branches, can remove sunshade, continue to cultivate in seedbed, supply production base transplant planting in good time.
The technical indicator that enforcement reaches: callus induction rate 99.8%, the former base differentiation rate 99.5% of root, rooting rate 98.6%, survival rate 97.8%, planting percent 96.7%, maternal plant kind joint availability 93.0%.
Claims (1)
1. a cuttage and seedling culture method for threeleaf akebia, is characterized in that comprising that cuttage bar maternal plant is cultivated, two stages are cultivated in cuttage bar seedbed, is specifically divided into following steps:
(1) selection of maternal plant
According to plant strain growth situation, select the maternal plant that growth is vigorous, flourishing, rattan is sturdy, the plant of 2-3 life is cultivated as threeleaf akebia cuttage bar;
(2) cuttage bar is cultivated the formation of determining of unit and otch
3 days, lunar calendar rainwater joint front and back, carry out cuttage bar cultivation cell location mark according to the dense degree of maternal plant rattan internode to intending the stem section of cultivation cuttage bar, and 2-3 joint is a cuttage bar cultivation unit; A cuttage bar is cultivated the cuttage bar cultivation unit of part formation between cell location mark upper end (1) and a cuttage bar cultivation cell location mark lower end (6); Cultivate the bottom stipes base portion 1-4cm place of unit rattan at each cuttage bar, 3 of phloem cuttings are deep to moon shape otch (22) of hanging by the feet of xylem (25) in same level, there is each other certain intervals distance, ensure that between the multiple cuttage bars cultivation of homophyletic unit, the transport downwards of phloem organic nutrient substance is unobstructed;
(3) making of maternal plant callus induction ring and induction ring are wound around
Make the anchor ring of callus induction ring (5) with the black nylon cloth of long 6cm, wide 3cm, anchor ring two ends be provided with induction ring reverse side connect that button (12) and induction encircle front connect button (14), first nonwoven thick one deck 2cm (13) is wrapped on rattan round hanging a moon shape otch (22) by the feet; To induce again the anchor ring of ring (5) round nonwoven (13), the plastics fishing without hook connecing on button (14) that connects button (12) and induction ring front of induction ring reverse side tightly clings, and fixes nonwoven (13); Transfusion tube joint (11) is embedded between nonwoven (13) and anchor ring; Plant infusion bag (7) is as induced liquid bag, many logical knockouts (8) are connected to the bottom of infusion bag (7), and connect woven hose (10), drip fast adjuster (9) and be arranged on woven hose (10);
(4) cultivation of cuttage bar maternal plant
Hanging a moon shape otch (22) by the feet at rattan phloem (26) locates to be wound around 1 callus induction ring and connects after transfusion tube joint (11), first 15 days is the callus induction phase, uses callus induction liquid: 6-BA0.5-2.0mg/L+NAA0.25-2.5mg/L; Within 16-30 days, be the former base induction of root and new root emergence period, use root induction liquid: 6-BA0.5-2.0mg/L+NAA1.0-10.0mg/L; 6-BA is 6-benzyl aminoadenine, and Main Function evoked callus occurs, and NAA is methyl α-naphthyl acetate, and Main Function is that induction forms adventive root; Induced liquid is added in plant infusion bag (7), open induction drop velocity modulation joint device (9), allow induced liquid slowly infiltrate the nonwoven (13) in induction ring, and moon shape otch (22) of hanging by the feet that is progressively diffused into rattan is located;
After cultivating about 30 days on cuttage bar maternal plant, complete callus and the former base induced development of root, transfusion tube joint (11) is removed, then continue to cultivate 10-15 days, manifest new root generation protruding point, complete on cuttage bar maternal plant and cultivate;
(5) cuttage bar is sheared
In the time that each cuttage bar has completed the former base of root and induces and new root occurs, withdraw callus induction ring (5), cut into the single cuttage bar with 2-3 joint by cuttage bar unit mark with orchard shears, be put in cool place and locate to wait to plant;
(6) cuttage of cuttage bar is transplanted
1. prepare in seedbed
Seedbed is selected: select hillside or the farmland of soil property neutrality and subacidity soil, requirement is ventilated, printing opacity is good, is equipped with manual watering water source and watering appliance;
Matrix is prepared: thin river sand: native country soil: decomposed manure mixes in the ratio of 1:1:1;
Ridging is shaped: make the ridge of wide 1.2 meters, 0.4 meter of distance between the ridges, aisle between cut-off, leveling ridge;
2. seedbed trench digging
Seedbed trench digging: on ridge, ditch, determine ditch depth according to the length of cuttage bar, generally at 5-10cm, ditch spacing 40cm;
Seedbed fertilising: the side in ditch applies the composite fertilizer of 5 kgs/acre, with seedbed soil covering, loses fertilizer and is as the criterion;
3. seedbed cuttage: by the spacing in the rows of 33cm/ strain, the cuttage bar proper alignment of having sheared be there is no in ditch to the opposite side of fertilizer, gradient is 60 degree, then covers root with seedbed soil, the uppermost joint of cuttage bar bassets, length 2-3cm left and right;
4. hilling compacting: with seedbed soil covering cuttage bar root compacting, pouring normal root water, reaches semi-saturation;
5. branch sunshade: carry out shed with being ready to bamboo chip, high 1.5 meters, wide 1.2 meters, on shed, cover branch sunshade, sunshade degree 50-70%, has a small amount of scattered light in canopy;
(7) seedbed management
Cuttage bar seedbed breeding phase, skewer rooting of cuttings of observation in every 7 days and germination, weed a garden in time; When being less than 30%, soil moisture content waters in time; When ceiling sunshade branch is opened by wind, to reset in time and fix, keep 70% sunshade degree, with anti glare anti static coatings direct projection, record respectively the new tree of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% cuttage bar and find time; In the time that 90% cuttage bar all sends forth branches, can remove sunshade, continue to cultivate in seedbed, supply production base transplant planting in good time.
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| CN108901521A (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2018-11-30 | 侯欣雨 | A kind of implantation methods of Stauntonia latifolia |
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| CN113057063A (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2021-07-02 | 湖南文理学院 | Cutting seedling method of akebia trifoliata |
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