CN104067847B - The cuttage and seedling culture method of a kind of threeleaf akebia - Google Patents
The cuttage and seedling culture method of a kind of threeleaf akebia Download PDFInfo
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- CN104067847B CN104067847B CN201410352796.7A CN201410352796A CN104067847B CN 104067847 B CN104067847 B CN 104067847B CN 201410352796 A CN201410352796 A CN 201410352796A CN 104067847 B CN104067847 B CN 104067847B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the cuttage and seedling culture method of a kind of threeleaf akebia.It is characterized in that comprising that cuttage bar maternal plant is cultivated, two stages are cultivated in cuttage bar seedbed.The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: use the cuttage and seedling culture method of threeleaf akebia of the present invention can reach (1) callus induction rate 98.6-99.8%; (2) root restriction differentiation rate 98.5-99.5%; (3) rooting rate 97.9-98.6%; (4) survival rate 96.7-97.8%; (5) planting percent 96.4-96.7%; (6) maternal plant kind joint availability 90-93%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cuttage and seedling culture method of a kind of threeleaf akebia.
Background technology
Threeleaf akebia is fallen leaves woody climbers, trifoliolate leaf, leaflet oval, the blunt circle of tip or the short point of tool, basal circular, and sometimes slightly in heart-shaped, edge is shallow to be split or in wavy, petiole is elongated, opens aubergine flower spring and summer, synoecy.
The propagation method of threeleaf akebia mainly contains several major way such as seminal propagation, propagation by layering, point root and stem of certain plants breeding, cottage propagation.Seminal propagation is simple, and the seedling result of breeding out is slow, and after general 3 years, ability result, production does not generally adopt; Within after the general field planting of propagation by layering the 2nd year, can blossom and bear fruit, but press strip operation floor space is large, inconvenient operation, performance difficulty; Although the breeding of point root and stem of certain plants can the many strains of a pocket, reproduction coefficient is less, is only suitable for building the stage at the beginning of germ plasm resource in situ conservation and maternal plant garden; Cottage propagation all can carry out throughout the year, and based on cuttage in spring, reproduction coefficient is high, is the major way of threeleaf akebia sapling multiplication, is suitable for the large-scale production supply of high quality seedling.
The cuttage survival rate of threeleaf akebia is generally 50-90%, and planting percent is 30-60%, vary within wide limits, and result repeatability is not strong.Main cause is that researcher does not get a real idea of the interaction affecting skewer rooting of cuttings and germination factors, comprise nutrition condition and the plant age of cuttage bar maternal plant, cuttage bar Acquire and process, the soil, liquid manure, illumination, temperature environment factor etc. in cuttage season and seedbed.The research report of threeleaf akebia seedling cuttage breeding method is many, similar, mostly be based on the comparative analysis to certain (or group) result of the test, still achieving no breakthrough property is in progress technically, does not also form practicable threeleaf akebia cuttage and seedling culture method.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention there is provided the cuttage and seedling culture method of a kind of threeleaf akebia.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: the cuttage and seedling culture method of a kind of threeleaf akebia, it is characterized in that comprising that cuttage bar maternal plant is cultivated, two stages are cultivated in cuttage bar seedbed, is specifically divided into following steps:
(1) selection of maternal plant
According to plant strain growth situation, the maternal plant that the plant that growth selection is vigorous, flourishing, rattan is sturdy, 2-3 is raw is cultivated as threeleaf akebia cuttage bar;
(2) cuttage bar cultivates the determination of unit and the formation of otch
3 days, lunar calendar rainwater joint front and back then, carry out cuttage bar according to the dense degree of maternal plant rattan internode to the stem section of intending cultivating cuttage bar and cultivate cell location mark, and it is that a cuttage bar cultivates unit that 2-3 saves; A cuttage bar part of cultivating between cell location mark upper end (1) and cuttage bar cultivation cell location mark lower end (6) forms a cuttage bar and cultivates unit; The bottom stipes base portion 1-4cm place of unit rattan is cultivated at each cuttage bar, phloem cuts by same level 3 be deep to xylem (25) hang a moon shape otch (22) by the feet, there is certain intervals distance each other, ensure that homophyletic multiple cuttage bar is cultivated phloem organic nutrient substance between unit and transported unobstructed downwards;
(3) maternal plant callus induction ring making and induction ring be wound around
The anchor ring of callus induction ring (5) is made with the black nylon cloth of long 6cm, wide 3cm, anchor ring two ends be provided with induction ring reverse side connect button (12) and induce ring front connect button (14), first non-woven fabrics (13) thick for one deck 2cm is wrapped on rattan round hanging a moon shape otch (22) by the feet; The anchor ring of ring (5) will be induced again round non-woven fabrics (13), the plastics fishing without hook connect on button (14) connecing button (12) and induction ring front of induction ring reverse side tightly clings, and fixes non-woven fabrics (13); Transfusion tube joint (11) is embedded between non-woven fabrics (13) and anchor ring; Plant infusion bag (7) is as induced liquid bag, many logical knockouts (8) are connected to the bottom of infusion bag (7), and connect woven hose (10), drip fast adjuster (9) and be arranged on woven hose (10);
(4) cultivation of cuttage bar maternal plant
Hang moon shape otch (22) place by the feet at rattan phloem (26) and be wound around 1 callus induction ring and after connecting transfusion tube joint (11), first 15 days is the callus induction phase, uses callus induction liquid: 6-BA0.5-2.0mg/L+NAA0.25-2.5mg/L; Within 16-30 days, be root restriction induction and new root emergence period, use root induction liquid: 6-BA0.5-2.0mg/L+NAA1.0-10.0mg/L; 6-BA is 6-benzyl aminoadenine, and Main Function evoked callus occurs, and NAA is methyl α-naphthyl acetate, and Main Function is induced synthesis adventive root; Induced liquid is added in plant infusion bag (7), open induction drop velocity modulation joint device (9), allow induced liquid slowly infiltrate non-woven fabrics (13) in induction ring, and be progressively diffused into rattan hang moon shape otch (22) place by the feet;
Cuttage bar maternal plant is cultivated after about 30 days and complete callus and root restriction induced development, transfusion tube joint (11) is removed, then continue to cultivate 10-15 days, manifest new root generation protruding point, complete on cuttage bar maternal plant and cultivate;
(5) cuttage bar is sheared
When each cuttage bar be completed root restriction induce and new root occur time, withdraw callus induction ring (5), by cuttage bar unit mark orchard shears cut into band 2-3 save single cuttage bar, be put in shady and cool place and wait to plant;
(6) cuttage of cuttage bar is transplanted
1. seedbed prepares
Seedbed is selected: hillside or the farmland of selecting soil property neutrality and subacidity soil, and requirement is ventilated, printing opacity is good, is equipped with manual watering water source and watering appliance;
Matrix prepares: thin river sand: native country soil: decomposed manure mixes in the ratio of 1:1:1;
Ridging is shaped: the ridge of making wide 1.2 meters, distance between the ridges 0.4 meter, aisle between cut-off, leveling ridge;
2. seedbed trench digging
Ditching in seedbed: ditches on ridge, according to the length determination ditch depth of cuttage bar, generally at 5-10cm, and ditch spacing 40cm;
Apply fertilizer in seedbed: the side in ditch applies the composite fertilizer of 5 kgs/acre, covers, lose fertilizer and be as the criterion with seedbed soil;
3. seedbed cuttage: the opposite side by the spacing in the rows of 33cm/ strain, the cuttage bar proper alignment sheared not being had in ditch fertilizer, gradient is 60 degree, then covers root with seedbed soil, and the uppermost joint of cuttage bar bassets, about length 2-3cm;
4. hilling compacting: cover cuttage bar root and compacting with seedbed soil, pouring normal root water, reaches semi-saturation;
5. branch sunshade: carry out shed with getting out bamboo chip, high 1.5 meters, wide 1.2 meters, shed covers branch sunshade, sunshade degree 50-70%, has a small amount of scattered light in canopy;
(7) seedbed management
Cuttage bar seedbed breeding phase, observes a skewer rooting of cuttings and germination, weeds a garden in time for every 7 days; Water in time when soil moisture content is less than 30%; To reset in time and fix when ceiling sunshade branch is opened by wind, keep the sunshade degree of 70%, with anti glare anti static coatings direct projection, record 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% cuttage bar respectively and newly set and find time; Can sunshade be removed when 90% cuttage bar all sends forth branches, continue to cultivate in seedbed, in good time for production base transplant planting.
The mindset of the in-vitro breeding of the threeleaf akebia cuttage bar that the present invention breaks traditions, is divided into cuttage and seedling culture cuttage bar maternal plant to cultivate and cultivates two stages with seedbed.At maternal plant breeding phase, to give full play to the nutrition supply of threeleaf akebia maternal plant to cuttage bar unit, hitched by the location of callus induction ring simultaneously, on maternal plant, complete cuttage bar in advance callus induction and cortex root restriction break up, and have evaded the harmful effect of many variable uncontrollable factors; Seedbed breeding phase, shearing and the seedbed cuttage of cuttage bar settle at one go, directly enter cuttage bar and to root breeding phase, promote skewer rooting of cuttings and germination.The rooting rate of cuttage bar, survival rate, planting percent and maternal plant kind joint availability is all greatly improved; biological control for threeleaf akebia high quality seedling provides technological package index to stablize and workable cuttage and seedling culture method, for threeleaf akebia seedling large-scale production supply provides core technology to support.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: use the cuttage and seedling culture method of threeleaf akebia of the present invention can reach (1) callus induction rate 98.6-99.8%; (2) root restriction differentiation rate 98.5-99.5%; (3) rooting rate 97.9-98.6%; (4) survival rate 96.7-97.8%; (5) planting percent 96.4-96.7%; (6) maternal plant kind joint availability 90-93%.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is the cuttage and seedling culture method of threeleaf akebia draw materials position and nursery on plant schematic diagram when using;
Cuttage bar phloem threeleaf akebia rattan cross-sectional view when accompanying drawing 2 is cuttage and seedling culture method uses of threeleaf akebia;
When accompanying drawing 3 is cuttage and seedling culture method uses of threeleaf akebia, cuttage bar phloem 3 hangs a moon shape minimal incision * horizontal spreading schematic diagram by the feet;
In accompanying drawing: 1-is that cuttage bar cultivates cell location mark upper end; 2-is rattan stipes; 3-is rattan stipes; 4-is compound leaf; 5-is callus induction ring; 6-is that cuttage bar cultivates cell location mark lower end; 7-is infusion bag; 8-is knockout; 9-is adjuster; 10-is woven hose; 11-is transfusion tube joint; 12-be induction ring reverse side connect button; 13-is non-woven fabrics; 14-be induction ring front connect button; 21-is rattan segment; 22-is for hanging a moon shape minimal incision * position by the feet; 23-is marrow; 24-is xylem; 25-is for forming layer; 26-is phloem; 27-is epidermis; 28-is epidermis.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1:
A cuttage and seedling culture method for threeleaf akebia, comprises that cuttage bar maternal plant is cultivated, cuttage bar seedbed cultivates two stages, is specifically divided into following steps:
(1) selection of maternal plant
According to plant strain growth situation, the maternal plant that the plant that growth selection is vigorous, flourishing, rattan is sturdy, 2-3 is raw is cultivated as threeleaf akebia cuttage bar;
(2) cuttage bar cultivates the determination of unit and the formation of otch
3 days, lunar calendar rainwater joint front and back then, carry out cuttage bar according to the dense degree of maternal plant rattan internode to the stem section of intending cultivating cuttage bar and cultivate cell location mark, and it is that a cuttage bar cultivates unit that 2-3 saves; A cuttage bar part of cultivating between cell location mark upper end 1 and a cuttage bar cultivation cell location mark lower end 6 forms a cuttage bar and cultivates unit; The bottom stipes base portion 1-4cm place of unit rattan is cultivated at each cuttage bar, phloem cuts by same level 3 be deep to xylem 25 hang a moon shape otch 22 by the feet, there is certain intervals distance each other, ensure that homophyletic multiple cuttage bar is cultivated phloem organic nutrient substance between unit and transported unobstructed downwards;
(3) maternal plant callus induction ring making and induction ring be wound around
Make the anchor ring of callus induction ring 5 with the black nylon cloth of long 6cm, wide 3cm, anchor ring two ends be provided with induction ring reverse side connect button 12 and induction ring front connect button 14, first non-woven fabrics 13 thick for one deck 2cm is wrapped on rattan round hanging a moon shape otch 22 by the feet; To the anchor ring of ring 5 be induced round non-woven fabrics 13 again, the plastics fishing without hook connect on button 14 connecing button 12 and induction ring front of induction ring reverse side tightly clings, and fixes non-woven fabrics 13; Transfusion tube joint 11 is embedded between non-woven fabrics 13 and anchor ring; Plant infusion bag 7 is as induced liquid bag, and many logical knockouts 8 are connected to the bottom of infusion bag 7, and connect woven hose 10, drips fast adjuster 9 and is arranged on woven hose 10;
(4) cultivation of cuttage bar maternal plant
Hang moon shape otch 22 place by the feet at rattan phloem 26 and be wound around 1 callus induction ring and after connecting transfusion tube joint 11, first 15 days is the callus induction phase, use callus induction liquid: 6-BA0.5-2.0mg/L+NAA0.25-2.5mg/L; Within 16-30 days, be root restriction induction and new root emergence period, use root induction liquid: 6-BA0.5-2.0mg/L+NAA1.0-10.0mg/L; 6-BA is 6-benzyl aminoadenine, and Main Function evoked callus occurs, and NAA is methyl α-naphthyl acetate, and Main Function is induced synthesis adventive root; Induced liquid is added in plant infusion bag 7, opens induction drop velocity modulation joint device 9, allow induced liquid slowly infiltrate non-woven fabrics 13 in induction ring, and be progressively diffused into rattan hang moon shape otch 22 place by the feet;
Cuttage bar maternal plant is cultivated after about 30 days and complete callus and root restriction induced development, transfusion tube joint 11 is removed, then continue to cultivate 10-15 days, manifest new root generation protruding point, complete on cuttage bar maternal plant and cultivate;
(5) cuttage bar is sheared
When each cuttage bar be completed root restriction induce and new root occur time, withdraw callus induction ring 5, by cuttage bar unit mark orchard shears cut into band 2-3 save single cuttage bar, be put in shady and cool place and wait to plant;
(6) cuttage of cuttage bar is transplanted
1. seedbed prepares
Seedbed is selected: hillside or the farmland of selecting soil property neutrality and subacidity soil, and requirement is ventilated, printing opacity is good, is equipped with manual watering water source and watering appliance;
Matrix prepares: thin river sand: native country soil: decomposed manure mixes in the ratio of 1:1:1;
Ridging is shaped: the ridge of making wide 1.2 meters, distance between the ridges 0.4 meter, aisle between cut-off, leveling ridge;
2. seedbed trench digging
Ditching in seedbed: ditches on ridge, according to the length determination ditch depth of cuttage bar, generally at 5-10cm, and ditch spacing 40cm;
Apply fertilizer in seedbed: the side in ditch applies the composite fertilizer of 5 kgs/acre, covers, lose fertilizer and be as the criterion with seedbed soil;
3. seedbed cuttage: the opposite side by the spacing in the rows of 33cm/ strain, the cuttage bar proper alignment sheared not being had in ditch fertilizer, gradient is 60 degree, then covers root with seedbed soil, and the uppermost joint of cuttage bar bassets, about length 2-3cm;
4. hilling compacting: cover cuttage bar root and compacting with seedbed soil, pouring normal root water, reaches semi-saturation;
5. branch sunshade: carry out shed with getting out bamboo chip, high 1.5 meters, wide 1.2 meters, shed covers branch sunshade, sunshade degree 50-70%, has a small amount of scattered light in canopy;
(7) seedbed management
Cuttage bar seedbed breeding phase, observes a skewer rooting of cuttings and germination, weeds a garden in time for every 7 days; Water in time when soil moisture content is less than 30%; To reset in time and fix when ceiling sunshade branch is opened by wind, keep the sunshade degree of 70%, with anti glare anti static coatings direct projection, record 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% cuttage bar respectively and newly set and find time; Can sunshade be removed when 90% cuttage bar all sends forth branches, continue to cultivate in seedbed, in good time for production base transplant planting.
Embodiment 2:
Technical scheme of the present invention is a kind of threeleaf akebia cuttage and seedling culture method, comprises that cuttage bar maternal plant is cultivated, cuttage bar seedbed cultivates two stages, is specifically divided into following step:
(1) selection of maternal plant
The previous year according to plant strain growth situation, the maternal plant that the plant that growth selection is vigorous, flourishing, rattan is sturdy, 2-3 is raw is cultivated as threeleaf akebia cuttage bar.
(2) cuttage bar cultivates the determination of unit and the formation of otch
3 days, lunar calendar rainwater joint front and back then, carry out cuttage bar according to the dense degree of maternal plant rattan internode to the stem section of intending cultivating cuttage bar and cultivate cell location mark, and it is that a cuttage bar cultivates unit that 2-3 saves.A cuttage bar part of cultivating between cell location mark upper end (1) and a cuttage bar cultivation cell location mark lower end 6 forms a cuttage bar and cultivates unit.Cuttage bar cultivates unit the smooth position 2 of rattan stipes, rattan stipes band joint and compound leaf position 3, compound leaf 4; The bottom stipes base portion 1-4cm place of unit rattan is cultivated at each cuttage bar, phloem cuts by same level 3 be deep to phloem 26 hang a moon shape otch 22 by the feet, there is certain intervals distance each other, ensure that homophyletic multiple cuttage bar is cultivated phloem organic nutrient substance between unit and transported unobstructed downwards.
(3) maternal plant callus induction ring making and induction ring be wound around
Make the anchor ring of callus induction ring 5 with the black nylon cloth of long 6cm, wide 3cm, the button 14 that connects connecing button 12 and anchor ring front of anchor ring reverse side has all been covered with plastics fishing without hook, is first wrapped on rattan by non-woven fabrics 13 thick for one deck 2cm round hanging a moon shape otch 22 by the feet; To the anchor ring of ring 5 be induced round non-woven fabrics 13 again, the plastics fishing without hook connect on button 14 connecing button 12 and anchor ring front of anchor ring reverse side tightly clings, and fixes non-woven fabrics 13; Transfusion tube joint 11 is embedded between non-woven fabrics 13 and anchor ring; Plant infusion bag 7 is as induced liquid bag, and many logical knockouts 8 are connected to the bottom of infusion bag 7, and connect woven hose 10, drips fast adjuster 9 and is arranged on woven hose 10.
(4) cultivation of cuttage bar maternal plant
Rattan structure is respectively marrow 23, xylem 24 from inside to outside, forms layer 25, phloem 26, epidermis 27, exocuticle 28.Hang moon shape otch 22 place by the feet at rattan phloem 26 and be wound around 1 callus induction ring and after connecting transfusion tube joint 11, first 15 days is the callus induction phase, use callus induction liquid: 6-BA0.5-2.0mg/L+NAA0.25-2.5mg/L; Within rear 15-30 days, be root restriction induction and new root emergence period, use root induction liquid: 6-BA0.5-2.0mg/L+NAA1.0-10.0mg/L; 6-BA is 6-benzyl aminoadenine, and Main Function evoked callus occurs, and NAA is methyl α-naphthyl acetate, and Main Function is induced synthesis adventive root; Induced liquid is added in plant infusion bag 7, opens induction drop velocity modulation joint device 9, allow induced liquid slowly infiltrate non-woven fabrics 13 in induction ring, and be progressively diffused into rattan hang moon shape otch 22 place by the feet.
Cuttage bar maternal plant is cultivated after about 30 days and complete callus and root restriction induced development, more namely continuation cultivation manifests new root generation protruding point for about 10-15 days, completes on cuttage bar maternal plant and cultivates.
(5) cuttage bar is sheared
When each cuttage bar is completed (before and after the Ching Ming Festival of the lunar calendar several days) when root restriction is induced and new root occurs, withdraw callus induction ring 5, cut into the single cuttage bar of 2-3, band joint by cuttage bar unit mark orchard shears, be put in shady and cool place and wait to plant.
(6) cuttage of cuttage bar is transplanted
1. seedbed prepares
Seedbed is selected: hillside or the farmland of selecting soil property neutrality and subacidity soil, requirement is ventilated, printing opacity is good, is equipped with manual watering water source and watering appliance.
Matrix prepares: thin river sand: native country soil: decomposed manure mixes in the ratio of 1:1:1.
Ridging is shaped: the ridge of making wide 1.2 meters, distance between the ridges 0.4 meter, aisle between cut-off, leveling ridge.
2. seedbed trench digging
Ditching in seedbed: ditches on ridge, according to the length determination ditch depth of cuttage bar, generally at 5-10cm, and ditch spacing 40cm.
Apply fertilizer in seedbed: the side in ditch applies the composite fertilizer of 5 kgs/acre, covers, lose fertilizer and be as the criterion with seedbed soil.
3. seedbed cuttage: the opposite side by the spacing in the rows of 33cm/ strain, the cuttage bar proper alignment sheared not being had in ditch fertilizer, gradient is 60 degree, then covers root with seedbed soil, and the uppermost joint of cuttage bar bassets, about length 2-3cm.
4. hilling compacting: cover cuttage bar root and compacting with seedbed soil, pouring normal root water, reaches semi-saturation.
5. branch sunshade: carry out shed with getting out bamboo chip, high 1.5 meters, wide 1.2 meters, shed covers branch sunshade, sunshade degree 50-70%, has a small amount of scattered light in canopy.
(7) seedbed management
Cuttage bar seedbed breeding phase, observes a skewer rooting of cuttings and germination, weeds a garden in time for every 7 days; Water in time when soil moisture content is less than 30%; To reset in time and fix when ceiling sunshade branch is opened by wind, keep the sunshade degree of 70%, with anti glare anti static coatings direct projection.Record 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% cuttage bar respectively newly to set and find time.Can sunshade be removed when 90% cuttage bar all sends forth branches, continue to cultivate in seedbed, in good time for production base transplant planting.
Embodiment 3:
The raw maternal plant 20 of screening 2-3 in 2013 strain, cell location 218 is cultivated in mark cuttage on February 17th, 2014 bar, the bottom stipes base portion 1-4cm place of unit rattan is cultivated at each cuttage bar, phloem cuts 3 by same level and hangs a moon shape minimal incision * by the feet, spacing distance 0.35cm each other, and hitch callus induction ring, the induced liquid formula used between February 17 to March 2 is 6-BA0.5mg/L+NAA0.25mg/L, in statistics callus induction rate on March 2; The induced liquid formula used between March 3 to March 17 is 6-BA0.5mg/L+NAA5.0mg/L, in statistics root restriction inductivity on March 17; Continue 15 days (March 18 was to April 1) of cultivation, added up new root generation protruding point April 2 and reach 98%.Carried out cuttage bar April 2 to shear and seedbed cuttage, seeding row spacing 33 × 40cm/ strain simultaneously simultaneously.
Select the hillside of the neutral and subacidity soil of soil property or farmland to do seedbed, ventilate, printing opacity is good, be equipped with manual watering water source and irrigation hose.
Medium of seedling bed is thin river sand: native country soil: decomposed manure mixes in the ratio of 1:1:1.Make the ridge of wide 1.2 meters, distance between the ridges 0.4 meter, aisle between cut-off, leveling ridge.Ditch in ridge, ditch depth, 8cm, ditch spacing 40cm.Side in ditch applies the composite fertilizer of 5 kgs/acre, cover with seedbed soil, lose fertilizer to be as the criterion, by the spacing in the rows of 33cm/ strain, the cuttage bar proper alignment sheared be there is no in ditch the opposite side of fertilizer, gradient is 60 degree, then cover root with seedbed soil, the uppermost joint of cuttage bar bassets, about length 2-3cm.Cover cuttage bar root and compacting with seedbed soil, water sufficient normal root water, reach semi-saturation state.Shed is carried out with getting out bamboo chip, high 1.5 meters, wide 1.2 meters, shed covers branch sunshade, sunshade degree 65%, in canopy, have a small amount of scattered light.
Cuttage bar seedbed breeding phase, observes a skewer rooting of cuttings and germination, weeds a garden in time for every 7 days; Water in time when soil moisture content is less than 30%; To reset in time and fix when ceiling sunshade branch is opened by wind, keep the sunshade degree of 70%, with anti glare anti static coatings direct projection.Can sunshade be removed when 90% cuttage bar all sends forth branches, continue to cultivate in seedbed, in good time for production base transplant planting.
Implement the technical indicator reached: callus induction rate 98.6%, root restriction differentiation rate 98.5%, rooting rate 97.9%, survival rate 96.7%, planting percent 96.4%, maternal plant kind joint availability 90%.
Embodiment 4:
Screening 2-3 breeder mother plant 20 in 2013 strain, cell location 316 is cultivated in mark cuttage on February 18th, 2014 bar, the bottom stipes base portion 1-4cm place of unit rattan is cultivated at each cuttage bar, phloem cuts 3 by same level and hangs a moon shape minimal incision * by the feet, spacing distance 0.35cm each other, and hitch callus induction ring, the induced liquid formula that February 18 to March 3 uses is 6-BA0.5mg/L+NAA0.25mg/L, in statistics callus induction rate on March 3, the induced liquid formula that March 4 to March 18 uses is 6-BA0.5mg/L+NAA5.0mg/L, in statistics root restriction inductivity on March 19, continue 15 days (March 19 was to April 2) of cultivation, added up new root generation protruding point April 3 and reach 98%.Carried out cuttage bar April 3 to shear and seedbed cuttage, seeding row spacing 33 × 40cm/ strain simultaneously simultaneously.
Select the hillside of the neutral and subacidity soil of soil property or farmland to do seedbed, ventilate, printing opacity is good, be equipped with manual watering water source and irrigation hose.
Medium of seedling bed is thin river sand: native country soil: decomposed manure mixes in the ratio of 1:1:1.Make the ridge of wide 1.2 meters, distance between the ridges 0.4 meter, aisle between cut-off, leveling ridge.Ditch in ridge, ditch depth, 8cm, ditch spacing 40cm.Side in ditch applies the composite fertilizer of 5 kgs/acre, cover with seedbed soil, lose fertilizer to be as the criterion, by the spacing in the rows of 33cm/ strain, the cuttage bar proper alignment sheared be there is no in ditch the opposite side of fertilizer, gradient is 60 degree, then cover root with seedbed soil, the uppermost joint of cuttage bar bassets, about length 2-3cm.Cover cuttage bar root and compacting with seedbed soil, water sufficient normal root water, reach semi-saturation state.Shed is carried out with getting out bamboo chip, high 1.5 meters, wide 1.2 meters, shed covers branch sunshade, sunshade degree 65%, in canopy, have a small amount of scattered light.
Cuttage bar seedbed breeding phase, observes a skewer rooting of cuttings and germination, weeds a garden in time for every 7 days; Water in time when soil moisture content is less than 30%; To reset in time and fix when ceiling sunshade branch is opened by wind, keep the sunshade degree of 70%, with anti glare anti static coatings direct projection.Can sunshade be removed when 90% cuttage bar all sends forth branches, continue to cultivate in seedbed, in good time for production base transplant planting.
Implement the technical indicator reached: callus induction rate 99.1%, root restriction differentiation rate 98.8%, rooting rate 98.1%, survival rate 96.9%, planting percent 96.4%, maternal plant kind joint availability 89.7%.
Embodiment 5:
Screening 2-3 breeder mother plant 20 in 2013 strain, cell location 330 is cultivated in mark cuttage on February 19th, 2014 bar, the bottom stipes base portion 1-4cm place of unit rattan is cultivated at each cuttage bar, phloem cuts 3 by same level and hangs a moon shape minimal incision * by the feet, spacing distance 0.35cm each other, and hitch callus induction ring, the induced liquid formula that February 19 to March 4 uses is 6-BA0.5mg/L+NAA0.25mg/L, in statistics callus induction rate on March 4, the induced liquid formula that March 5 to March 19 uses is 6-BA0.5mg/L+NAA5.0mg/L, in statistics root restriction inductivity on March 20, continue 15 days (March 20 was to April 4) of cultivation, added up new root generation protruding point April 4 and reach 98%.Carried out cuttage bar April 4 to shear and seedbed cuttage, seeding row spacing 33 × 40cm/ strain simultaneously.
Select the hillside of the neutral and subacidity soil of soil property or farmland to do seedbed, ventilate, printing opacity is good, be equipped with manual watering water source and irrigation hose.
Medium of seedling bed is thin river sand: native country soil: decomposed manure mixes in the ratio of 1:1:1.Make the ridge of wide 1.2 meters, distance between the ridges 0.4 meter, aisle between cut-off, leveling ridge.Ditch in ridge, ditch depth, 8cm, ditch spacing 40cm.Side in ditch applies the composite fertilizer of 5 kgs/acre, cover with seedbed soil, lose fertilizer to be as the criterion, by the spacing in the rows of 33cm/ strain, the cuttage bar proper alignment sheared be there is no in ditch the opposite side of fertilizer, gradient is 60 degree, then cover root with seedbed soil, the uppermost joint of cuttage bar bassets, about length 2-3cm.Cover cuttage bar root and compacting with seedbed soil, water sufficient normal root water, reach semi-saturation state.Shed is carried out with getting out bamboo chip, high 1.5 meters, wide 1.2 meters, shed covers branch sunshade, sunshade degree 65%, in canopy, have a small amount of scattered light.
Cuttage bar seedbed breeding phase, observes a skewer rooting of cuttings and germination, weeds a garden in time for every 7 days; Water in time when soil moisture content is less than 30%; To reset in time and fix when ceiling sunshade branch is opened by wind, keep the sunshade degree of 70%, with anti glare anti static coatings direct projection.Can sunshade be removed when 90% cuttage bar all sends forth branches, continue to cultivate in seedbed, in good time for production base transplant planting.
Implement the technical indicator reached: callus induction rate 99.4%, root restriction differentiation rate 99.1%, rooting rate 98.3%, survival rate 97.2%, planting percent 96.5%, maternal plant kind joint availability 90.8%.
Embodiment 6:
Screening 2-3 breeder mother plant 20 in 2013 strain, cell location 356 is cultivated in mark cuttage on February 20th, 2014 bar, the bottom stipes base portion 1-4cm place of unit rattan is cultivated at each cuttage bar, phloem cuts 3 by same level and hangs a moon shape minimal incision * by the feet, spacing distance 0.35cm each other, and hitch callus induction ring, the induced liquid formula that February 20 to March 5 uses is 6-BA0.5mg/L+NAA0.25mg/L, in statistics callus induction rate on March 5, the induced liquid formula that March 6 to March 20 uses is 6-BA0.5mg/L+NAA5.0mg/L, in statistics root restriction inductivity on March 21, continue 15 days (March 21 was to April 5) of cultivation, added up new root generation protruding point April 5 and reach 98%.Carried out cuttage bar April 5 to shear and seedbed cuttage, seeding row spacing 33 × 40cm/ strain simultaneously.
Select the hillside of the neutral and subacidity soil of soil property or farmland to do seedbed, ventilate, printing opacity is good, be equipped with manual watering water source and irrigation hose.
Medium of seedling bed is thin river sand: native country soil: decomposed manure mixes in the ratio of 1:1:1.Make the ridge of wide 1.2 meters, distance between the ridges 0.4 meter, aisle between cut-off, leveling ridge.Ditch in ridge, ditch depth, 8cm, ditch spacing 40cm.Side in ditch applies the composite fertilizer of 5 kgs/acre, cover with seedbed soil, lose fertilizer to be as the criterion, by the spacing in the rows of 33cm/ strain, the cuttage bar proper alignment sheared be there is no in ditch the opposite side of fertilizer, gradient is 60 degree, then cover root with seedbed soil, the uppermost joint of cuttage bar bassets, about length 2-3cm.Cover cuttage bar root and compacting with seedbed soil, water sufficient normal root water, reach semi-saturation state.Shed is carried out with getting out bamboo chip, high 1.5 meters, wide 1.2 meters, shed covers branch sunshade, sunshade degree 65%, in canopy, have a small amount of scattered light.
Cuttage bar seedbed breeding phase, observes a skewer rooting of cuttings and germination, weeds a garden in time for every 7 days; Water in time when soil moisture content is less than 30%; To reset in time and fix when ceiling sunshade branch is opened by wind, keep the sunshade degree of 70%, with anti glare anti static coatings direct projection.Can sunshade be removed when 90% cuttage bar all sends forth branches, continue to cultivate in seedbed, in good time for production base transplant planting.
Implement the technical indicator reached: callus induction rate 98.6%, root restriction differentiation rate 99.3%, rooting rate 98.5%, survival rate 97.4%, planting percent 96.6%, maternal plant kind joint availability 91.7%.
Embodiment 7:
Screening 2-3 breeder mother plant 20 in 2013 strain, cell location 269 is cultivated in mark cuttage on February 21st, 2014 bar, the bottom stipes base portion 1-4cm place of unit rattan is cultivated at each cuttage bar, phloem cuts 3 by same level and hangs a moon shape minimal incision * by the feet, spacing distance 0.35cm each other, and hitch callus induction ring, the induced liquid formula that February 21 to March 6 uses is 6-BA0.5mg/L+NAA0.25mg/L, in statistics callus induction rate on March 6, the induced liquid formula that March 7 to March 21 uses is 6-BA0.5mg/L+NAA5.0mg/L, in statistics root restriction inductivity on March 22, continue 15 days (March 22 was to April 6) of cultivation, added up new root generation protruding point April 6 and reach 98%.Carried out cuttage bar April 6 to shear and seedbed cuttage, seeding row spacing 33 × 40cm/ strain simultaneously.
Select the hillside of the neutral and subacidity soil of soil property or farmland to do seedbed, ventilate, printing opacity is good, be equipped with manual watering water source and irrigation hose.
Medium of seedling bed is thin river sand: native country soil: decomposed manure mixes in the ratio of 1:1:1.Make the ridge of wide 1.2 meters, distance between the ridges 0.4 meter, aisle between cut-off, leveling ridge.Ditch in ridge, ditch depth, 8cm, ditch spacing 40cm.Side in ditch applies the composite fertilizer of 5 kgs/acre, cover with seedbed soil, lose fertilizer to be as the criterion, by the spacing in the rows of 33cm/ strain, the cuttage bar proper alignment sheared be there is no in ditch the opposite side of fertilizer, gradient is 60 degree, then cover root with seedbed soil, the uppermost joint of cuttage bar bassets, about length 2-3cm.Cover cuttage bar root and compacting with seedbed soil, water sufficient normal root water, reach semi-saturation state.Shed is carried out with getting out bamboo chip, high 1.5 meters, wide 1.2 meters, shed covers branch sunshade, sunshade degree 65%, in canopy, have a small amount of scattered light.
Cuttage bar seedbed breeding phase, observes a skewer rooting of cuttings and germination, weeds a garden in time for every 7 days; Water in time when soil moisture content is less than 30%; To reset in time and fix when ceiling sunshade branch is opened by wind, keep the sunshade degree of 70%, with anti glare anti static coatings direct projection.Can sunshade be removed when 90% cuttage bar all sends forth branches, continue to cultivate in seedbed, in good time for production base transplant planting.
Implement the technical indicator reached: callus induction rate 99.8%, root restriction differentiation rate 99.5%, rooting rate 98.6%, survival rate 97.8%, planting percent 96.7%, maternal plant kind joint availability 93.0%.
Claims (1)
1. a cuttage and seedling culture method for threeleaf akebia, is characterized in that comprising that cuttage bar maternal plant is cultivated, two stages are cultivated in cuttage bar seedbed, is specifically divided into following steps:
(1) selection of maternal plant
According to plant strain growth situation, the maternal plant that the plant that growth selection is vigorous, flourishing, rattan is sturdy, 2-3 is raw is cultivated as threeleaf akebia cuttage bar;
(2) cuttage bar cultivates the determination of unit and the formation of otch
3 days, lunar calendar rainwater joint front and back, carry out cuttage bar according to the dense degree of maternal plant rattan internode to the stem section of intending cultivating cuttage bar and cultivate cell location mark, and it is that a cuttage bar cultivates unit that 2-3 saves; A cuttage bar part of cultivating between cell location mark upper end (1) and cuttage bar cultivation cell location mark lower end (6) forms a cuttage bar and cultivates unit; The bottom stipes base portion 1-4cm place of unit rattan is cultivated at each cuttage bar, phloem cuts by same level 3 be deep to xylem (25) hang a moon shape otch (22) by the feet, there is certain intervals distance each other, ensure that homophyletic multiple cuttage bar is cultivated phloem organic nutrient substance between unit and transported unobstructed downwards;
(3) making of maternal plant callus induction ring and callus induction ring are wound around
The anchor ring of callus induction ring (5) is made with the black nylon cloth of long 6cm, wide 3cm, anchor ring two ends be provided with callus induction ring reverse side connect button (12) and callus induction ring front connect button (14), first non-woven fabrics (13) thick for one deck 2cm is wrapped on rattan round hanging a moon shape otch (22) by the feet; Again by the anchor ring of callus induction ring (5) round non-woven fabrics (13), the plastics fishing without hook connect on button (14) connecing button (12) and callus induction ring front of callus induction ring reverse side tightly clings, and fixes non-woven fabrics (13); Transfusion tube joint (11) is embedded between non-woven fabrics (13) and anchor ring; Plant infusion bag (7) is as induced liquid bag, many logical knockouts (8) are connected to the bottom of plant infusion bag (7), and connecting woven hose (10), induction drop velocity modulation joint device (9) is arranged on woven hose (10);
(4) cultivation of cuttage bar maternal plant
Hang moon shape otch (22) place by the feet at rattan phloem (26) and be wound around 1 callus induction ring and after connecting transfusion tube joint (11), first 15 days is the callus induction phase, uses callus induction liquid: 6-BA0.5-2.0mg/L+NAA0.25-2.5mg/L; Within 16-30 days, be root restriction induction and new root emergence period, use root induction liquid: 6-BA0.5-2.0mg/L+NAA1.0-10.0mg/L; 6-BA is 6-benzyl aminoadenine, and Main Function evoked callus occurs, and NAA is methyl α-naphthyl acetate, and Main Function is induced synthesis adventive root; Induced liquid is added in plant infusion bag (7), open induction drop velocity modulation joint device (9), allow induced liquid slowly infiltrate non-woven fabrics (13) in callus induction ring, and be progressively diffused into rattan hang moon shape otch (22) place by the feet;
Cuttage bar maternal plant is cultivated after about 30 days and complete callus and root restriction induced development, transfusion tube joint (11) is removed, then continue to cultivate 10-15 days, manifest new root generation protruding point, complete on cuttage bar maternal plant and cultivate;
(5) cuttage bar is sheared
When each cuttage bar be completed root restriction induce and new root occur time, withdraw callus induction ring (5), cultivate unit mark orchard shears by cuttage bar and cut into the single cuttage bar that 2-3, band saves, be put in shady and cool place and wait to plant;
(6) cuttage of cuttage bar is transplanted
1. seedbed prepares
Seedbed is selected: hillside or the farmland of selecting soil property neutrality and subacidity soil, and requirement is ventilated, printing opacity is good, is equipped with manual watering water source and watering appliance;
Matrix prepares: thin river sand: native country soil: decomposed manure mixes in the ratio of 1:1:1;
Ridging is shaped: the ridge of making wide 1.2 meters, distance between the ridges 0.4 meter, aisle between cut-off, leveling ridge;
2. seedbed trench digging
Ditching in seedbed: ditches on ridge, according to the length determination ditch depth of cuttage bar, at 5-10cm, and ditch spacing 40cm;
Apply fertilizer in seedbed: the side in ditch applies the composite fertilizer of 5 kgs/acre, covers, lose fertilizer and be as the criterion with seedbed soil;
3. seedbed cuttage: the opposite side by the spacing in the rows of 33cm/ strain, the cuttage bar proper alignment sheared not being had in ditch fertilizer, gradient is 60 degree, then covers root with seedbed soil, and the uppermost joint of cuttage bar bassets, length 2-3cm;
4. hilling compacting: cover cuttage bar root and compacting with seedbed soil, pouring normal root water, reaches semi-saturation;
5. branch sunshade: carry out shed with getting out bamboo chip, high 1.5 meters, wide 1.2 meters, shed covers branch sunshade, sunshade degree 50-70%, has a small amount of scattered light in canopy;
(7) seedbed management
Cuttage bar seedbed breeding phase, observes a skewer rooting of cuttings and germination, weeds a garden in time for every 7 days; Water in time when soil moisture content is less than 30%; To reset in time and fix when ceiling sunshade branch is opened by wind, keep the sunshade degree of 70%, with anti glare anti static coatings direct projection, record 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% cuttage bar respectively and newly set and find time; Remove sunshade when 90% cuttage bar all sends forth branches, continue to cultivate in seedbed, in good time for production base transplant planting.
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| CN109105015A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2019-01-01 | 紫云自治县红华种植农民专业合作社 | A kind of cuttage breeding method of Stauntonia latifolia |
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