CN110521475B

CN110521475B - Cultivation method of root-art tree-shaped Chinese roses

Info

Publication number: CN110521475B
Application number: CN201910790231.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘玉; 刘聚栋
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-08-26
Filing date: 2019-08-26
Publication date: 2021-05-21
Anticipated expiration: 2039-08-26
Also published as: CN110521475A

Abstract

The invention discloses a cultivation method of root tree-shaped Chinese roses, which comprises the following steps: arranging guide grooves, cultivating rose seedlings, managing rose root systems, shaping rose roots and grafting rose. The method has the advantages that a plurality of longer roots are cultivated from the seedlings, the roots are erected on the ground to form branches of the tree-shaped Chinese rose, the support is not needed, the shape is unique, the natural and attractive appearance is realized, the support performance is good, and the wind resistance is strong.

Description

Cultivation method of root-art tree-shaped Chinese roses

Technical Field

The invention belongs to a cultivation method of dendriform China roses, and particularly relates to a cultivation method of root-art dendriform China roses.

Background

The dendriform China rose is also called China rose tree and rose tree, and is a vertical trunk and a crown which reach the standard by more than two grafting means. The advantages are that: the ornamental effect is good, the shape is unique, the nobility and elegance are high, the layers are clear, and the visual effect is novel; the shapes are various, such as a sphere shape, a sector shape, a waterfall shape, a micro shape and the like; the advantages of thick flower fragrance, long flowering period, various flower colors and the like of common Chinese roses are kept, and the expressed Chinese roses are more novel, more expensive and more hot, so that the Chinese rose has higher aesthetic value.

Habit: and the adaptability is strong. The crown of the tree-shaped Chinese rose is far away from the ground compared with the common flowers, so that the tree-shaped Chinese rose is not easy to infect soil diseases and insect pests; the tree trunk is made of roses, the root system is developed, the vitality is strong, the adaptability is strong, the common rose is difficult to plant, and the tree-shaped rose fills the blank.

Publication No. 107155542A, published Japanese 2017-09-15 discloses a cultivation method of a dry dendriform China rose, which comprises the following specific steps: (1) the stock cultivation selects perennial rosa plants as stock plants, a cutting seedling is obtained by adopting a winter cutting method, and the stock cultivation is carried out for one year: in spring of 3 years, when the thick and strong branches grow to 15cm, 4 or 6 thick and strong branches are selected and reserved, and the rest are cut off: when the selected and remained thick and strong branches grow to 50cm, setting up a bracket, and removing the sprouts in time and binding up the sprouts in time; weaving and drying in 9 months in 3 rd year; (2) grafting: selecting ground cover Chinese roses as scions, and grafting by adopting a bud grafting method; (3) and taking subsequent management measures. The invention has the advantages that the cultivated dry tree-shaped Chinese rose has strong wind resistance, no need of support, strong cold resistance, harmonious proportion of the crown and the trunk, and natural and beautiful appearance.

The existing dendriform Chinese rose is grafted by wild roses dug in mountainous areas, has limited resources, can not be continuously developed, and destroys ecological resources. The long self-growing rose strips are mostly adopted in China, the rose is grafted, the crowns are large and thin, the supporting force is weak, the growth speed is slow, the wind resistance and the falling resistance are poor, and the service life is shorter than that of materials bred by seedlings. The flexibility of the rose long strip is limited, the plasticity of the braided stem is poor, and the artificial investment is continuously increased when the sprout in the whole growth period.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a cultivation method of a root-art tree-shaped Chinese rose, which is characterized in that a plurality of longer roots are cultivated from seedlings, the roots are erected on the ground to form branches of the tree-shaped Chinese rose, no support is needed, the shape is unique, the tree-shaped Chinese rose is natural and beautiful, the support performance is good, and the wind resistance is strong.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the cultivation method of the root tree-shaped Chinese rose is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) guide groove arrangement

Digging guide grooves with the width of 15-20cm and the depth of 20-25cm in the field according to the row spacing, wherein the guide grooves are long U-shaped grooves; cutting rectangular plastic cloth with the length of 80-150cm and the width of 60cm, and laying the plastic cloth on the bottom and two side walls of the U-shaped groove along the length direction, wherein the plastic cloth is also laid on the side wall of one end of the U-shaped groove in the length direction, so that an isolation layer is formed at the bottom, two sides and one end of the U-shaped groove in the length direction; filling nutrient soil into the U-shaped groove and leveling the groove with the field surface;

(2) rose seedling cultivation

Sowing or planting rose seedlings or other nursery stocks at one end of the U-shaped groove, which is provided with plastic cloth at the end part;

(3) rose root management

The root system of the rose seedling grows in the U-shaped groove along the length direction for about one year, and when the growth length of the main root exceeds the length of the U-shaped groove, the fibrous root is pricked into the field soil downwards to absorb the nutrient in the field; in the growth process, pulling the rose seedlings and the main root segments out of the ground, reserving 3-5 main roots with relatively close length and diameter, cutting other main roots and fibrous roots, and trimming excessive capillary roots; the pruned main roots are attached to the ground, so that the lignification degree of the main roots on the ground is accelerated, the main roots continue to grow without being supported, and supporting materials are saved; the cut main root is used as a material for grafting the Chinese rose, so that the Chinese rose is not easy to grow and sprout;

(4) shaping of rose root

Transplanting the rose with the diameter of the main root embryonic axis part of more than 3cm, uniformly distributing all the main roots on a planting plane to form multi-point support, achieving stable support force and forming the rose with a plurality of main roots;

(5) grafted China rose

When the length of the embryonic axis of the rose seedling reaches 3-5cm and the self-supporting force reaches a certain degree, grafting the Chinese rose on the embryonic axis or grafting the Chinese rose on a plump rose crown.

Adopt above-mentioned technical scheme's beneficial effect: the cultivation method of the root tree-shaped Chinese rose adopts a specific guide structure for planting, and carries out directional guide cultivation and pruning on the root system of the Chinese rose seedling. The seedling has the advantages of good plasticity in the early stage, strong toughness after lignification, no sprout and long service life, which is incomparable with a branch method. The planting structure is a U-shaped groove which is excavated in a field and is 15cm wide and 20cm deep, plastic cloth is laid at the bottom, two sides and one end in the length direction, the plastic cloth has the function of forming an isolation layer, and nutrient soil is filled in the U-shaped groove and is level with the field surface. After the rose seedlings are planted at one end of the U-shaped groove planting structure, the roots of the rose seedlings are restrained in the U-shaped groove and can only grow along the length direction, so that a plurality of long roots required by modeling can be cultivated. When the root system grows in the U-shaped groove, the whole root system is consistent with the ground, the seedling and the main root part are conveniently pulled out of the ground, the fibrous root part (tail end of the root) is kept in the soil, redundant fibrous roots and main roots can be cut off according to requirements, 3-5 roots with relatively close length and diameter are kept, the reserved roots are used as the main stem of the tree-shaped Chinese rose, the cut roots do not need to be buried in nutrient soil again, the root is attached to the ground to continue to grow, the exposed roots can accelerate the lignification of the root, certain supporting strength is formed, better flexibility can be kept, and conditions are provided for serving as support in the follow-up process. The pruning method is simple and convenient, and the phenomenon of growth stagnation caused by pruning can not occur. The upper part of the U-shaped groove is of an open structure, field management such as watering, fertilizing, weeding and the like is facilitated, the root system of the rose seedlings horizontally and transversely grows along the U-shaped groove, the distance from the ground surface is consistent, and trimming, observation and treatment of the root system are facilitated. The invention is planted in the field, the land resource is not limited, the traditional seedbed planting is not needed, the problem of the seedbed land limitation is solved, and the field management is convenient.

According to the root art tree-shaped Chinese rose, the support of the Chinese rose tree is formed by the main roots, the branches are replaced to breed the trunk, the support is carried out at multiple points, a stable support structure can be formed, the support effect is good, the lodging resistance is achieved, the main roots can grow thick and strong when the root art tree-shaped Chinese rose grows for more than 2-3 years, the gaps between the main roots and the main roots can be gradually reduced, the main roots can also grow together to form connected roots, the appearance is attractive, and the ornamental value is improved. The multiple main roots are convenient to shape, each main root can be woven manually, the distribution positions of the roots can be adjusted, the shape of the roots grows naturally, the support is stable, and the shape is novel and unique. The main root is a seedling root, the activity is good, the epidemic resistance is strong, the toughness is high, the vitality is strong, the service life is long, the transplanting survival rate is high, the tillering is not generated in the whole year, and the trouble that the pruning is increased because the rose stems in the prior art are taken as the trunks and are easy to generate tillering is avoided. Multiple main roots, developed root systems, sufficient absorbed nutrients, quick forming of the crowns of the Chinese roses grafted on the upper parts and multiple flowers. Years of observation and tests show that under the normal management condition, the annual growth length of rose branches exceeds 1 meter, and the length of roots of the rose branches can reach more than 1.5 meters, so that a foundation is provided for cultivating the root tree-shaped rose. The grafting is carried out at the position of the embryonic axis, the upper part of the embryonic axis which is easy to grow adventitious buds is cut, the pruning of the adventitious buds is reduced, the labor intensity is reduced, the nutrient loss is reduced, and the rapid growth of the grafted Chinese rose is facilitated.

Drawings

The following describes in further detail specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a seedbed;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the growth of rose seedlings with the main roots exposed to the ground;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of planting after grafting of the Chinese rose.

Detailed Description

The cultivation method of the root-art tree-shaped Chinese rose comprises the following steps:

1. guide groove arrangement

Digging guide grooves with the width of 15-20cm and the depth of 20-25cm in the field according to the row spacing, wherein the guide grooves are long U-shaped grooves; cutting a rectangular plastic cloth 2 with the length of 80-150cm and the width of 60cm, and laying the plastic cloth on the bottom and two side walls of the U-shaped groove along the length direction, wherein the plastic cloth is also laid on the side wall of one end of the U-shaped groove in the length direction, so that an isolation layer is formed at the bottom, two sides and one end of the U-shaped groove in the length direction; filling nutrient soil 3 into the U-shaped groove and leveling the groove with the field surface;

2. rose seedling cultivation

Sowing or planting the rose seedling 1 or other nursery stocks at one end of the U-shaped groove with the plastic cloth;

3. rose root management

The root system of the rose seedling grows in the U-shaped groove along the length direction for about one year, and when the growth length of the main root 3 exceeds the length of the U-shaped groove, the fibrous root 5 is pricked into the field soil 6 downwards to absorb the field nutrients; in the growth process, pulling the rose seedlings and the main root segments out of the ground, reserving 3-5 main roots with relatively close length and diameter, cutting other main roots and fibrous roots, and trimming excessive capillary roots; the pruned main roots are attached to the ground, so that the lignification degree of the main roots on the ground is accelerated, the main roots continue to grow without being supported, and supporting materials are saved; the cut main root is used as a material for grafting the Chinese rose, so that the Chinese rose is not easy to grow and sprout;

4. shaping of rose root

Transplanting the rose main root embryonic axis part 7 with the diameter of more than 3cm, uniformly distributing each main root on a planting plane to form multi-point support, achieving stable supporting force and forming a plurality of roses with the length and thickness close to the main root;

5. grafted China rose

When the hypocotyl part 7 of the rose seedling grows to 3-5cm and the self-supporting force reaches a certain degree, grafting the Chinese rose 8 on the hypocotyl part or grafting the Chinese rose on a plump rose crown.

Claims

1. A cultivation method of root tree-shaped Chinese roses is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) guide groove arrangement

(2) rose seedling cultivation

(3) rose root management

(4) shaping of rose root

(5) grafted China rose