CN104026514A - 一种保健马蹄糕及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于食品加工技术领域,具体涉及一种保健马蹄糕及其制备方法。本发明在马蹄糕中添加了澄粉、桑葚、蒲桃、薄荷、菊花、冰糖和蜂蜜,使制成的马蹄糕具有清热解毒、护肤美容、清肝明目、凉血生津、利尿通便、化湿祛痰、消食除胀、减肥降脂、健脾开胃等多种保健功效,外观晶莹透明,内层含有果粒,口感清爽有弹性,更具有花果的天然香气、口味丰富、不甜腻和风味特殊等特点,且原材料易得,制备简单,能满足不同市场和人群的需求。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于食品加工技术领域,具体涉及一种保健马蹄糕及其制备方法。
背景技术
马蹄又称荸荠,皮色紫黑,肉质洁白,味甜多汁,清脆可口,自古有地下雪梨之美誉,马蹄的口感甜脆,营养丰富,含有蛋白质、脂肪、粗纤维、胡萝卜素、维生素B、维生素C、铁、钙、磷和碳水化合物等物质,可以生吃,也可以用来烹调,可制淀粉,还可作中药,中医药学认为有止渴、消食、解热功能。
用马蹄粉做成的马蹄糕因其具有清热消暑、口感清爽、甜而不腻和香味清新等特点,深受广大群众的喜爱,是一种广为流传的传统小吃。
传统的马蹄糕成分单一,是由简单的马蹄粉、马蹄粒和白砂糖组合制成,传统制作的马蹄糕保健功效和口味单一,且具有成品色泽黯淡、口感软糯和糖味重等缺陷,不能满足不同市场和人群的需求。
发明内容
为了弥补现有技术的缺陷,本发明提供了一种具有多种保健功效、香味清新、外观洁白透明、口味丰富和口感清爽有弹性的保健马蹄糕及其制备方法。
本发明的技术方案如下:
本发明所述的保健马蹄糕,包括以下原料和重量份数:
马蹄粉 150-200份
澄粉 70-100份
桑葚 30-50份
蒲桃 30-50份
薄荷 20-40份
菊花 10-30份
冰糖 15-30份
蜂蜜 10-30份
水 500-900份。
以上所述的菊花为杭白菊。
以上所述的马蹄粉,是用新鲜马蹄磨成粉制成,马蹄又名:荸荠、水栗、芍、凫茈、乌芋、菩荠、地栗、马蹄儿、钱葱和土栗等,拉丁学名:Heleocharis dulcis (Burm. f.) Trin.,属莎草科荸荠属浅水性宿根草本,荸荠皮色紫黑,肉质洁白,味甜多汁,清脆可口,自古有地下雪梨之美誉,北方人视之为江南人参。荸荠既可作为水果,又可算作蔬菜,是大众喜爱的时令之品,荸荠口感甜脆,营养丰富,含有蛋白质、脂肪、粗纤维、胡萝卜素、维生素B、维生素C、铁、钙、磷和碳水化合物,每100克营养成分:能量59千卡,蛋白质1.2克,脂肪0.2克,碳水化合物14.2克,膳食纤维1.1克,维生素A3微克,胡萝卜素20微克,硫胺素0.02毫克,核黄素0.02毫克,烟酸0.7毫克,维生素C7毫克,维生素E0.65毫克,钙4毫克,磷44毫克,钾306毫克,钠15.7毫克,镁12毫克,铁0.6毫克,0.34毫克,硒0.7微克,铜0.07毫克,锰0.11毫克,抗坏血酸3毫克,尤其是淀粉含量较高,加上低聚糖和单糖,大约含有21克。荸荠可生吃,也可用于烹调,可制淀粉,还可作中药。中医药学认为有止渴、消食、解热功能,荸荠性寒,具有清热解毒、凉血生津、利尿通便、化湿祛痰、消食除胀的功效,可用于治疗黄疸、痢疾、小儿麻痹、便秘等疾病;荸荠不仅可以促进人体代谢,还具有一定的抑菌功效,它含有一种抗菌成分—荸荠英,它对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌及绿脓杆菌均有一定的抑制作用,对降低血压有一定效果,这种物质还对癌症有防治作用,荸荠中的磷含量是所有茎类蔬菜中含量最高的,磷元素可以促进人体发育,同时可以促进体内的糖、脂肪、蛋白质三大物质的代谢,调节酸碱平衡,荸荠不仅可以促进人体代谢,再加上其丰富的营养成分和独特的口感,是一种老少咸宜的天然保健食物。
以上所述的澄粉,又称澄面、澄粉、汀粉、小麦淀粉。是一种无筋的面粉,成份为小麦。可用来制作各种点心如虾饺、粉果、肠粉等。是加工过的面粉,用水漂洗过后,把面粉里的粉筋与其他物质分离出来,粉筋成面筋,剩下的就是澄面,经中医验证具有促进身体发育、健脾养脾、补血养血、补气益气、调理肠胃、增强记忆力、滋阴补阴、开胃消食和抗衰老等保健功效,用澄粉加工制成的食品具有外观晶莹透明和口感富有弹性的特点。
以上所述的桑葚,又叫桑果、桑枣,拉丁名:Fructus Mori。属桑科,为落叶乔木桑树的成熟果实,为聚花果,由多数小核果集合而成,呈长圆形,长1~2cm,直径0.5~0.8cm。黄棕色、棕红色至暗紫色,(比较少见的颜色成熟后呈乳白色),有短果序梗。小核果卵圆形,稍扁,长约2mm,宽约1mm,外具肉质花被片4 枚。气微,味微酸而甜。鲜果食用,味甜汁多,是人们常食的水果之一。成熟的桑葚质油润,酸甜适口,以个大、肉厚、色紫红、糖分足者为佳。每年4~6月果实成熟时采收,洗净,去杂质,晒干或略蒸后晒干食用。桑椹嫩时色青,味酸,老熟时色紫黑,多汁,味甜。桑葚含糖、蛋白质、脂肪、糅酸、苹果酸及维生素A、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素C、铁、钠、钙、镁、磷、钾、胡萝卜素和花青素。桑椹中含有脂肪酸,主要由亚油酸、硬脂酸和油酸组成,具有分解脂肪,降低血脂,防止血管硬化等作用,桑椹中含有鞣酸、脂肪酸、苹果酸等营养物质,能帮助脂肪、蛋白质及淀粉的消化,故有健脾胃助消化之功,可用于治疗因消化不良而导致的腹泻,桑椹中含有大量的水分、碳水化合物、多种维生素、胡萝卜素及人体必需的微量元素等,能有效地扩充人体的血容量,且补而不腻,适宜于高血压、妇女病患者食疗,桑椹中含有大量人体所需要的营养物质,还含有乌发素,能使头发变得黑而亮泽,可用来美容,桑椹中所含的芸香苷、花色素、葡萄糖、果糖、苹果酸、钙质、无机盐、胡萝卜素、多种维生素及烟酸等成分,都有预防肿瘤细胞扩散,避免癌症发生的功效。中医学认为桑椹补益肝肾,滋阴养血,息风,具有治疗心悸失眠、头晕目眩、耳鸣、便秘盗汗、瘰疬、关节不利、生津、润肠和减肥降脂降压等功效。
以上所述的蒲桃,又名:水蒲桃、香果、响鼓、风鼓、铃铛果,拉丁名:Syzygium jambos (L.) Alston,属蒲桃属,为桃金娘科的常绿乔木,蒲桃味甘、酸,微寒,人手太阴肺、足太阳膀胱、足阳明胃经,具有生津液,强筋骨,止咳除烦,补益气血和通利小便等保健功效,可用于气血虚弱,肺虚咳嗽,心悸盗汗,风湿痹痛,淋症,浮肿,烦渴,痘疹不透等症,也可用于脾虚气弱,气短乏力,水肿,小便不利等病症的辅助治疗,蒲桃果味酸甜多汁,并具有一定的营养价值,具有特殊的玫瑰香气,除可鲜食外,还可利用这种独特的香气,与其他原料制成果膏、蜜饯或果酱,果汁经过发酵后,还可酿制高级饮料。
以上所述的薄荷,又名:野薄荷和夜息香等,拉丁学名:Mentha haplocalyx Briq.,多年生草本植物,全株气味清凉芳香,薄荷具有医用和食用双重功能,主要食用部位为茎和叶,也可榨汁服。在食用上,薄荷既可作为调味剂,又可作香料,还可配酒、冲茶等。每100克干薄荷中,含水分9.6克、蛋白质6.8克和纤维31.1克,能提供870.7千焦的热量,薄荷幼嫩茎尖可作菜食,全草又可入药,治感冒发热喉痛,头痛,目赤痛,肌肉疼痛,皮肤风疹搔痒,麻疹不透等症,此外对痈、疽、疥、癣、漆疮亦有效。薄荷含有薄荷醇,该物质可清新口气并具有多种药性,可缓解腹痛、胆囊问题如痉挛,还具有防腐杀菌、利尿、化痰、健胃和助消化等功效,薄荷叶可添加用于各种食品中,使食品具有清新的气息和清凉舒爽的口感。
以上所述的菊花,又名:寿客、金英、黄华、秋菊、陶菊、日精、女华、延年和隐逸花等,拉丁学名:Dendranthema morifolium (Ramat.) Tzvel.,是菊科,菊属多年生草本植物,菊花为药食同源植物。药用是菊花的干燥头状花序,是中国常用中药,具有疏风、清热、明目、解毒之功效。主要治疗头痛、眩晕、目赤、心胸烦热、疔疮、肿毒等症。现代药理研究表明,菊花中富含大量的芳香物质(菊油环酮、菊醇、龙脑)、黄酮类化合物、甾体化合物、糖类、包括8种人体必需氨基酸在内的17种氨基酸、及丰富的微量元素,菊花具有治疗冠心病、降低血压、预防高血脂、抗菌、抗病毒、抗炎、抗衰老、降血脂、降低胆固醇、抗凝血作用、抗氧化延缓衰老、保护神经、抗抑郁、抗菌抗病毒、抗肿瘤、平哮喘等作用。对多种致病菌,如结核杆菌等有抑制作用,能显著扩张冠脉、增加血流量,减轻心肌缺血的情况,增强毛细血管抵抗力和去火作用,用菊花泡茶,具有香气浓郁和味道甘甜的特点,更有清肝明目、提神醒脑、松弛神经、舒缓头痛和宁神静气等功效,因此菊花茶深受人们的喜爱。
以上所述的冰糖,是砂糖的结晶再制品,自然生成的冰糖有白色、微黄、淡灰等色,由于其结晶如冰状,故名冰糖,也叫“冰粮”,可作药用,也可作糖果食用,冰糖可以增加甜度,它还是和菊花、枸杞、山楂、红枣等配合的极好调味料,冰糖品质纯正,不易变质,除可作糖果食用外,还可用于高级食品甜味剂,配制药品浸渍酒类和滋补佐药等,一般人群均可食用。冰糖味甘、性平,入肺、脾经;中医认为冰糖具有润肺、止咳、清痰、和去火的作用,冰糖具有补中益气、和胃润肺、止咳化痰、祛烦消渴、清热降浊、养阴生津、止汗解毒等功能,可用于治疗中气不足、肺热咳嗽、咯痰带血、阴虚久咳、口燥咽干、咽喉肿痛、小儿盗汗、风火牙痛和高血压等病症,也是泡制药酒、炖煮补品的辅料。
以上所述的蜂蜜,是昆虫蜜蜂从开花植物的花中采得的花蜜在蜂巢中酿制的蜜,主要成分是果糖和葡萄糖, 两者含量合计约占70%,尚含少量蔗糖、麦芽糖、糊精、树胶以及含氮化合物、有机酸、挥发油、色素、蜡、天然香料、植物残片(特别是花粉粒)、酵母、酶类、无机盐等,蜂蜜一般只含微量维生素, 其中有 维生素A、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B6、维生素C、维生素D、维生素K、尼克酸、泛酸、叶酸、生物素、胆碱等.在含氮化合物中有蛋白质、胨、氨基酸等.尚含转化酶、过氧化氢酶、淀粉酶、氧化酶、还原酶等酶类, 并含乙酰胆碱.灰分中主要含镁、钙、钾、钠、硫、磷以及微量元素铁、铜、锰、镍等.有机酸中含有柠檬酸、苹果酸、琥珀酸、乙酸、甲酸等,蜂蜜中含葡萄糖和果糖,约占65~80%;蔗糖极少,不超过8%;水分16~25%;糊精和非糖物质、矿物质、有机酸等含量在5%左右。此外,还含有少量的酵素、芳香物质和维生素等,蜂蜜是一种营养丰富的食品,蜂蜜中的果糖和葡萄糖容易被人体吸收,1公斤成熟的蜂蜜发热量为3,280大卡,蜂蜜对某些慢性病还有一定的疗效。常服蜂蜜对于心脏病、高血压、肺病、眼病、肝脏病、痢疾、便秘、贫血、神经系统疾病、胃和十二指肠溃疡病等都有良好的辅助医疗作用,外用还可以治疗烫伤、滋润皮肤和防治冻伤,蜂蜜适宜肺燥咳嗽、干咳无痰之人食用;适宜肠燥便秘,尤其适宜老年人、体弱者、病后、产妇便秘时食用;适宜胃及十二指肠溃疡患者食用;适宜高血压、心脏病、冠心病、肝脏病人食用;适宜生长发育期的儿童食用;适宜神经衰弱、失眠患者以及肥胖者食用,蜂蜜是最理想的护肤品,它能供给皮肤养分让皮肤具有弹性,能杀灭或抑制附着在皮肤表面的细菌,还能消除皮肤的色素沉着,促进上皮组织再生,具有润肤、增白、除皱和增添皮肤光泽的作用,是一种日常生活中的保健佳品。
本发明所述的保健马蹄糕,其制作过程包括以下原材料预处理、制浆、混合、蒸制和冷却步骤,具体制作步骤如下:
(1)原材料预处理
a.挑选完全成熟、无腐烂和无虫害污染的桑葚,用清水清洗干净,沥干水分,切成粒状,得到桑葚粒,备用;
b.挑选完全成熟、无腐烂和无虫害污染的蒲桃,用清水清洗干净,沥干水分,去核,切成粒状,得到蒲桃粒,备用;
c.挑选无腐烂和无虫害污染的薄荷,去掉枝干,得到薄荷叶,将薄荷叶用清水清洗干净,剁碎成碎段,得到薄荷叶碎段,备用;
(2)制浆
a.将马蹄粉和澄粉混合均匀,加入清水,并搅拌成浆状,用3层200-300目医用纱布过滤2-3次,去除残渣粉粒,得到马蹄生粉浆,备用;
b.将菊花和冰糖加入清水,熬煮至菊花出味,过滤,去除菊花,得到菊花水,备用;
c.将以上步骤所得的菊花水加热至沸腾,趁热加入以上步骤所得马蹄生粉浆,不断搅拌至透明糊状,得到马蹄粉生熟浆,备用;
(3)混合
将步骤(1)所得的桑葚粒、蒲桃粒、薄荷叶碎段以及蜂蜜和步骤(2)所得的马蹄粉生熟浆混合搅拌均匀,得到马蹄粉混合物浆糊,备用;
(4)蒸制
将步骤(3)所得马蹄粉混合物浆糊倒入容器内,抹平,覆盖保鲜膜,放入蒸炉中蒸至熟透,得到蒸熟的马蹄糕;
(5)冷却
将步骤(4)所得的蒸熟的马蹄糕取出放凉,切块,得到成品。
本发明突出的实质性特点和显著的进步是:
本发明在马蹄糕中添加了澄粉、桑葚、蒲桃、薄荷、菊花、冰糖和蜂蜜,使制成的马蹄糕具有清热解毒、护肤美容、清肝明目、凉血生津、利尿通便、化湿祛痰、消食除胀、减肥降脂、健脾开胃等多种保健功效,外观晶莹透明,内层含有果粒,口感清爽有弹性,更具有花果的天然香气、口味丰富、不甜腻和风味特殊等特点,且原材料易得,制备简单,能满足不同市场和人群的需求。
具体实施方式
实施例1:
本发明所述的保健马蹄糕,由以下原料以及重量份组合制成:马蹄粉150份,澄粉70份,桑葚30份,蒲桃30份,薄荷20份,菊花15份,冰糖15份,蜂蜜15份,水700份。
其制作过程包括以下原材料预处理、制浆、混合、蒸制和冷却步骤:
(1)原材料预处理
a.挑选完全成熟、无腐烂和无虫害污染的桑葚,用清水清洗干净,沥干水分,切成粒状,得到桑葚粒,备用;
b.挑选完全成熟、无腐烂和无虫害污染的蒲桃,用清水清洗干净,沥干水分,去核,切成粒状,得到蒲桃粒,备用;
c.挑选无腐烂和无虫害污染的薄荷,去掉枝干,得到薄荷叶,将薄荷叶用清水清洗干净,剁碎成碎段,得到薄荷叶碎段,备用;
(2)制浆
a.将马蹄粉和澄粉混合均匀,加入清水,并搅拌成浆状,用3层200目医用纱布过滤3次,去除残渣粉粒,得到马蹄生粉浆,备用;
b.将菊花和冰糖加入清水,熬煮至菊花出味,过滤,去除菊花,得到菊花水,备用;
c.将以上步骤所得的菊花水加热至沸腾,趁热加入以上步骤所得马蹄生粉浆,不断搅拌至透明糊状,得到马蹄粉生熟浆,备用;
(3)混合
将步骤(1)所得的桑葚粒、蒲桃粒、薄荷叶碎段以及蜂蜜和步骤(2)所得的马蹄粉生熟浆混合搅拌均匀,得到马蹄粉混合物浆糊,备用;
(4)蒸制
将步骤(3)所得马蹄粉混合物浆糊倒入容器内,抹平,覆盖保鲜膜,放入蒸炉中蒸至熟透,得到蒸熟的马蹄糕;
(5)冷却
将步骤(4)所得的蒸熟的马蹄糕取出放凉,切块,得到成品。
实施例2:
本发明所述的保健马蹄糕,由以下原料以及重量份组合制成:马蹄粉180份,澄粉80份,桑葚40份,蒲桃40份,薄荷30份,菊花20份,冰糖25份,蜂蜜25份,水800份。
其制作过程包括以下原材料预处理、制浆、混合、蒸制和冷却步骤:
(1)原材料预处理
a.挑选完全成熟、无腐烂和无虫害污染的桑葚,用清水清洗干净,沥干水分,切成粒状,得到桑葚粒,备用;
b.挑选完全成熟、无腐烂和无虫害污染的蒲桃,用清水清洗干净,沥干水分,去核,切成粒状,得到蒲桃粒,备用;
c.挑选无腐烂和无虫害污染的薄荷,去掉枝干,得到薄荷叶,将薄荷叶用清水清洗干净,剁碎成碎段,得到薄荷叶碎段,备用;
(2)制浆
a.将马蹄粉和澄粉混合均匀,加入清水,并搅拌成浆状,用3层260目医用纱布过滤3次,去除残渣粉粒,得到马蹄生粉浆,备用;
b.将菊花和冰糖加入清水,熬煮至菊花出味,过滤,去除菊花,得到菊花水,备用;
c.将以上步骤所得的菊花水加热至沸腾,趁热加入以上步骤所得马蹄生粉浆,不断搅拌至透明糊状,得到马蹄粉生熟浆,备用;
(3)混合
将步骤(1)所得的桑葚粒、蒲桃粒、薄荷叶碎段以及蜂蜜和步骤(2)所得的马蹄粉生熟浆混合搅拌均匀,得到马蹄粉混合物浆糊,备用;
(4)蒸制
将步骤(3)所得马蹄粉混合物浆糊倒入容器内,抹平,覆盖保鲜膜,放入蒸炉中蒸至熟透,得到蒸熟的马蹄糕;
(5)冷却
将步骤(4)所得的蒸熟的马蹄糕取出放凉,切块,得到成品。
实施例3:
本发明所述的保健马蹄糕,由以下原料以及重量份组合制成:马蹄粉200份,澄粉90份,桑葚50份,蒲桃50份,薄荷40份,菊花25份,冰糖30份,蜂蜜30份,水900份。
其制作过程包括以下原材料预处理、制浆、混合、蒸制和冷却步骤:
(1)原材料预处理
a.挑选完全成熟、无腐烂和无虫害污染的桑葚,用清水清洗干净,沥干水分,切成粒状,得到桑葚粒,备用;
b.挑选完全成熟、无腐烂和无虫害污染的蒲桃,用清水清洗干净,沥干水分,去核,切成粒状,得到蒲桃粒,备用;
c.挑选无腐烂和无虫害污染的薄荷,去掉枝干,得到薄荷叶,将薄荷叶用清水清洗干净,剁碎成碎段,得到薄荷叶碎段,备用;
(2)制浆
a.将马蹄粉和澄粉混合均匀,加入清水,并搅拌成浆状,用3层300目医用纱布过滤2次,去除残渣粉粒,得到马蹄生粉浆,备用;
b.将菊花和冰糖加入清水,熬煮至菊花出味,过滤,去除菊花,得到菊花水,备用;
c.将以上步骤所得的菊花水加热至沸腾,趁热加入以上步骤所得马蹄生粉浆,不断搅拌至透明糊状,得到马蹄粉生熟浆,备用;
(3)混合
将步骤(1)所得的桑葚粒、蒲桃粒、薄荷叶碎段以及蜂蜜和步骤(2)所得的马蹄粉生熟浆混合搅拌均匀,得到马蹄粉混合物浆糊,备用;
(4)蒸制
将步骤(3)所得马蹄粉混合物浆糊倒入容器内,抹平,覆盖保鲜膜,放入蒸炉中蒸至熟透,得到蒸熟的马蹄糕;
(5)冷却
将步骤(4)所得的蒸熟的马蹄糕取出放凉,切块,得到成品。
Claims (4)
1..一种保健马蹄糕,其特征在于,包括马蹄粉、澄粉、桑葚、蒲桃、薄荷、菊花、冰糖、蜂蜜和水。
2.根据权利要求1所述的保健马蹄糕,其特征在于,所述的马蹄粉、澄粉、桑葚、蒲桃、薄荷、菊花、冰糖、蜂蜜和水的重量份数为:
马蹄粉 150-200份
澄粉 70-100份
桑葚 30-50份
蒲桃 30-50份
薄荷 20-40份
菊花 10-30份
冰糖 15-30份
蜂蜜 10-30份
水 500-900份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的保健马蹄糕及其制备方法,其特征在于,其制作过程包括以下原材料预处理、制浆、混合、蒸制和冷却步骤:
(1)原材料预处理
a.挑选完全成熟、无腐烂和无虫害污染的桑葚,用清水清洗干净,沥干水分,切成粒状,得到桑葚粒,备用;
b.挑选完全成熟、无腐烂和无虫害污染的蒲桃,用清水清洗干净,沥干水分,去核,切成粒状,得到蒲桃粒,备用;
c.挑选无腐烂和无虫害污染的薄荷,去掉枝干,得到薄荷叶,将薄荷叶用清水清洗干净,剁碎成碎段,得到薄荷叶碎段,备用;
(2)制浆
a.将马蹄粉和澄粉混合均匀,加入清水,并搅拌成浆状,用3层200-300目医用纱布过滤2-3次,去除残渣粉粒,得到马蹄生粉浆,备用;
b.将菊花和冰糖加入清水,熬煮至菊花出味,过滤,去除菊花,得到菊花水,备用;
c.将以上步骤所得的菊花水加热至沸腾,趁热加入以上步骤所得马蹄生粉浆,不断搅拌至透明糊状,得到马蹄粉生熟浆,备用;
(3)混合
将步骤(1)所得的桑葚粒、蒲桃粒、薄荷叶碎段以及蜂蜜和步骤(2)所得的马蹄粉生熟浆混合搅拌均匀,得到马蹄粉混合物浆糊,备用;
(4)蒸制
将步骤(3)所得马蹄粉混合物浆糊倒入容器内,抹平,覆盖保鲜膜,放入蒸炉中蒸至熟透,得到蒸熟的马蹄糕;
(5)冷却
将步骤(4)所得的蒸熟的马蹄糕取出放凉,切块,得到成品。
4.根据权利要求1所述的保健马蹄糕,其特征在于,所述的菊花为杭白菊。
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CN107960623A (zh) * | 2017-11-22 | 2018-04-27 | 桂林国农生态农业有限公司 | 一种马蹄糕的加工方法 |
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