CN103988605A - Balsam pear seedling growing technology - Google Patents
Balsam pear seedling growing technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN103988605A CN103988605A CN201410175581.2A CN201410175581A CN103988605A CN 103988605 A CN103988605 A CN 103988605A CN 201410175581 A CN201410175581 A CN 201410175581A CN 103988605 A CN103988605 A CN 103988605A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a balsam pear seedling growing technology which belongs to the field of seedling growing and cultivation. The technology comprises the following steps: water warming for seed soaking, seed disinfection, germination accelerating, bed soil preparation, bed soil disinfection, seedling bed finishing and sowing. The water warming for seed soaking is as follows: after seeds are soaked in the water, stirring constantly, maintaining the temperature of 55-60DEG C for 10 minutes; and when the water temperature is naturally cooled down to 30 DEG C, again soaking for 24 hours. The seed disinfection is as follows: using 75% of chlorothalonil liquid (diluted by 800times) or 50% of carbendazim liquid (diluted by 500times) for seed soaking for 30 minutes, dragging out, washing to clean, soaking with clear water for 3 to 4 hours, and then accelerating germination. The germination accelerating is as follows: packaging the seeds with gauze burned by boiling water at 100 DEG C, putting the seeds at 35 DEG C for accelerating germination, two days later, cooling to 25-30 DEG C, after 4 days, germinating, and when more than 70% of seeds are germinated, sowing. By adopting the technical means, the balsam pear yield is greatly improved, selection of fertilizer is simple, the cost is reduced, and the income of producers is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the field of growing seedlings, especially a kind of balsam pear seedling growing process.
Background technology
Balsam pear is Curcurbitaceae, the annual fruit of climbing up by holding on to draft balsam pear of Momordica.Leaf alternate, palmate 5～7 drastic cracks.Spend little, unisexuality, monoecism, yellow.Length is no more than 2 meters.Fruit spindle, has wart like structure, and orange-yellow when ripe, bitter, can do vegetables.Flesh cerise, taste is sweet.All there is cultivation all over China.
Originate in Tropical Asian area, be distributed widely in the torrid zone, subtropics and Temperate Region in China.India, Japan and south east asia cultivation history are remote, historical approximately 600 years of Chinese cultivated.Balsam pear has special bitter taste, but still is subject to popular liking, this is not simple because its taste is special, also because it has the incomparable mystery effect of general vegetables.Though balsam pear is bitter, never bitter taste can be passed to " others ", as use balsam pear carbonado, fish piece is never stained with bitter taste, so balsam pear has again the refined title of " gentleman's dish ".
Sow May, and raw seedling leads rattan, and cauline leaf tendril is all little as grape, and seven, open yellow little Hua August, it is round that flower has five lobes, the melon of knot cyan, approximately grows four, five cun.On skin, there is serration, also as the shape of litchi rind, look Huang when melon is ripe and autoclasis, the wired flesh in the inside is being wrapped up in black mole, and the taste of flesh food is sweet and refreshing.
Function cures mainly: bitter, and cold in nature; The thoughts of returning home, lung, spleen, stomach warp.There is the heat-clearing of relieving summer heat, removing toxic substances, stomach invigorating, except heat symptoms caused by an exopathgen, hearing-improing and eyesight improving, moist skin, keeps fit, and makes people full of vitality, is difficult for old and feeble effect; Also can be used for treating heating, heatstroke, dysentery, conjunctival congestion and pain of eye, evil sore etc.
How to improve quantity production of bitter melon, reduce costs, for peasant's extra earning is the subject matter of present stage.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention of the present invention is: for the problem of above-mentioned existence, provide a kind of balsam pear seedling growing process, have raising quantity production of bitter melon, the feature reducing production costs.
The technical solution used in the present invention is as follows: balsam pear seedling growing process, is characterized in that comprising step: hot water treatment of seeds, seed disinfection, vernalization, the preparation of bed soil, bed soil disinfection, whole existing seedbed and sowing;
Described hoting water treatment of seeds as seed will ceaselessly stir after entering water, maintains the temperature 10 minutes of 55～60 ℃.When water temperature is reduced to 30 ℃ naturally, then soak 24 hours;
Described seed disinfection is for by the clear 800 times of liquid of 75,%00 bacterium bacterium or 500 times of immersion kinds of 50% carbendazim 30 minutes, pulls out and rinses well and soak and in clear water, after 3～4 hours, carry out vernalization;
Described vernalization, for binding up with gauze that seed was scalded with 100 ℃ of boiling water, is placed on vernalization at 35 ℃, is down to two days later 25～30 ℃, after 4 days, starts to sprout, and when 70% above seed sprouting, sows;
Described bed soil is formulated as the barnyard manure that adopts fertile field soil 6 minutes, become thoroughly decomposed 4 minutes, after mixing, sieves, and adds 5 kilograms of 3 kilograms of superphosphate, 10 kilograms of ash and composite fertilizers in every square metre again;
Bed soil requires nutrition complete, and quality is loose, and preserve moisture and fertility ability is strong, good permeability, and soil acidity or alkalinity is moderate,, containing pathogen and the worm's ovum of soil-borne disease, young plant is not had to good crystallized ability, should not use chemical nitrogen fertilizer or excrement rare.
Described bed soil disinfection is that every cube of soil adds 50 grams, 100 grams of 50% carbendazim and 50% dichlorvos;
After described whole existing seedbed is the bed surface compacting of growing seedlings, 1/2 spreading in furrow of preparing bed soil, water once permeablely, after water oozes down, with remaining half a soil, pave bed surface, then water once end water;
Balsam pear generally adopts cold bed, film to grow seedlings.Selection last year is leeward on the sunny side, the high and dry place of physical features, digs a bed location before frozen soil, carries out seedbed.
Described sowing, for the distance between rows and hills program request by 7～8 centimetres, with a seed, is piled with earthing; Seedbed has been put seed and has been covered after mound, should entirely become to cover again once soil, and mound gap location is also covered to soil, and thick 0.7 centimetre, cover film then.Film must be tightened, surrounding is pressed tight.
In sum, owing to having adopted technique scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: adopt above-mentioned technological means can greatly improve germination rate, the survival rate of seed of bitter gourd, the output of balsam pear is also greatly improved simultaneously, comparatively simple to choosing of fertilizer, reduce cost, improved the producer's income.
Embodiment
Disclosed all features in this specification, or the step in disclosed all methods or process, except mutually exclusive feature and/or step, all can combine by any way.
Disclosed arbitrary feature in this specification (comprising any accessory claim, summary), unless narration especially all can be replaced by other equivalences or the alternative features with similar object.That is,, unless narration especially, each feature is an example in a series of equivalences or similar characteristics.
Balsam pear seedling growing process, is characterized in that comprising step: hot water treatment of seeds, seed disinfection, vernalization, the preparation of bed soil, bed soil disinfection, whole existing seedbed and sowing;
Described hoting water treatment of seeds as seed will ceaselessly stir after entering water, maintains the temperature 10 minutes of 55～60 ℃.When water temperature is reduced to 30 ℃ naturally, then soak 24 hours;
Described seed disinfection is for by the clear 800 times of liquid of 75,%00 bacterium bacterium or 500 times of immersion kinds of 50% carbendazim 30 minutes, pulls out and rinses well and soak and in clear water, after 3～4 hours, carry out vernalization;
Described vernalization, for binding up with gauze that seed was scalded with 100 ℃ of boiling water, is placed on vernalization at 35 ℃, is down to two days later 25～30 ℃, after 4 days, starts to sprout, and when 70% above seed sprouting, sows;
Described bed soil is formulated as the barnyard manure that adopts fertile field soil 6 minutes, become thoroughly decomposed 4 minutes, after mixing, sieves, and adds 5 kilograms of 3 kilograms of superphosphate, 10 kilograms of ash and composite fertilizers in every square metre again;
Bed soil requires nutrition complete, and quality is loose, and preserve moisture and fertility ability is strong, good permeability, and soil acidity or alkalinity is moderate,, containing pathogen and the worm's ovum of soil-borne disease, young plant is not had to good crystallized ability, should not use chemical nitrogen fertilizer or excrement rare.
Described bed soil disinfection is that every cube of soil adds 50 grams, 100 grams of 50% carbendazim and 50% dichlorvos;
After described whole existing seedbed is the bed surface compacting of growing seedlings, 1/2 spreading in furrow of preparing bed soil, water once permeablely, after water oozes down, with remaining half a soil, pave bed surface, then water once end water;
Balsam pear generally adopts cold bed, film to grow seedlings.Selection last year is leeward on the sunny side, the high and dry place of physical features, digs a bed location before frozen soil, carries out seedbed.
Described sowing, for the distance between rows and hills program request by 7～8 centimetres, with a seed, is piled with earthing; Seedbed has been put seed and has been covered after mound, should entirely become to cover again once soil, and mound gap location is also covered to soil, and thick 0.7 centimetre, cover film then.Film must be tightened, surrounding is pressed tight.
Embodiment 1
Balsam pear seedling growing process, is characterized in that comprising step: hot water treatment of seeds, seed disinfection, vernalization, the preparation of bed soil, bed soil disinfection, whole existing seedbed and sowing;
Described hoting water treatment of seeds as seed will ceaselessly stir after entering water, maintains the temperature 10 minutes of 55 ℃.When water temperature is reduced to 30 ℃ naturally, then soak 24 hours;
Described seed disinfection is for by clear 800 times of immersion kinds of 75,%00 bacterium bacterium 30 minutes, pulls out and rinses well and soak and in clear water, after 3 hours, carry out vernalization;
Described vernalization, for binding up with gauze that seed was scalded with 100 ℃ of boiling water, is placed on vernalization at 35 ℃, is down to two days later 25 ℃, after 4 days, starts to sprout, and when 70% above seed sprouting, sows;
Described bed soil is formulated as the barnyard manure that adopts fertile field soil 6 minutes, become thoroughly decomposed 4 minutes, after mixing, sieves, and adds 5 kilograms of 3 kilograms of superphosphate, 10 kilograms of ash and composite fertilizers in every square metre again;
Bed soil requires nutrition complete, and quality is loose, and preserve moisture and fertility ability is strong, good permeability, and soil acidity or alkalinity is moderate,, containing pathogen and the worm's ovum of soil-borne disease, young plant is not had to good crystallized ability, should not use chemical nitrogen fertilizer or excrement rare.
Described bed soil disinfection is that every cube of soil adds 50 grams, 100 grams of 50% carbendazim and 50% dichlorvos;
After described whole existing seedbed is the bed surface compacting of growing seedlings, 1/2 spreading in furrow of preparing bed soil, water once permeablely, after water oozes down, with remaining half a soil, pave bed surface, then water once end water;
Balsam pear generally adopts cold bed, film to grow seedlings.Selection last year is leeward on the sunny side, the high and dry place of physical features, digs a bed location before frozen soil, carries out seedbed.
Described sowing, for the distance between rows and hills program request by 7 centimetres, with a seed, is piled with earthing; Seedbed has been put seed and has been covered after mound, should entirely become to cover again once soil, and mound gap location is also covered to soil, and thick 0.7 centimetre, cover film then.Film must be tightened, surrounding is pressed tight.
Embodiment 2
Balsam pear seedling growing process, is characterized in that comprising step: hot water treatment of seeds, seed disinfection, vernalization, the preparation of bed soil, bed soil disinfection, whole existing seedbed and sowing;
Described hoting water treatment of seeds as seed will ceaselessly stir after entering water, maintains the temperature 10 minutes of 60 ℃.When water temperature is reduced to 30 ℃ naturally, then soak 24 hours;
Described seed disinfection is for by 500 times of immersion kinds of 50% carbendazim 30 minutes, pulls out and rinses well and soak and in clear water, after 4 hours, carry out vernalization;
Described vernalization, for binding up with gauze that seed was scalded with 100 ℃ of boiling water, is placed on vernalization at 35 ℃, is down to two days later 30 ℃, after 4 days, starts to sprout, and when 70% above seed sprouting, sows;
Described bed soil is formulated as the barnyard manure that adopts fertile field soil 6 minutes, become thoroughly decomposed 4 minutes, after mixing, sieves, and adds 5 kilograms of 3 kilograms of superphosphate, 10 kilograms of ash and composite fertilizers in every square metre again;
Bed soil requires nutrition complete, and quality is loose, and preserve moisture and fertility ability is strong, good permeability, and soil acidity or alkalinity is moderate,, containing pathogen and the worm's ovum of soil-borne disease, young plant is not had to good crystallized ability, should not use chemical nitrogen fertilizer or excrement rare.
Described bed soil disinfection is that every cube of soil adds 50 grams, 100 grams of 50% carbendazim and 50% dichlorvos;
After described whole existing seedbed is the bed surface compacting of growing seedlings, 1/2 spreading in furrow of preparing bed soil, water once permeablely, after water oozes down, with remaining half a soil, pave bed surface, then water once end water;
Balsam pear generally adopts cold bed, film to grow seedlings.Selection last year is leeward on the sunny side, the high and dry place of physical features, digs a bed location before frozen soil, carries out seedbed.
Described sowing, for the distance between rows and hills program request by 8 centimetres, with a seed, is piled with earthing; Seedbed has been put seed and has been covered after mound, should entirely become to cover again once soil, and mound gap location is also covered to soil, and thick 0.7 centimetre, cover film then.Film must be tightened, surrounding is pressed tight.
Embodiment 3
Balsam pear seedling growing process, is characterized in that comprising step: hot water treatment of seeds, seed disinfection, vernalization, the preparation of bed soil, bed soil disinfection, whole existing seedbed and sowing;
Described hoting water treatment of seeds as seed will ceaselessly stir after entering water, maintains the temperature 10 minutes of 57 ℃.When water temperature is reduced to 30 ℃ naturally, then soak 24 hours;
Described seed disinfection is for by clear 800 times of immersion kinds of 75,%00 bacterium bacterium 30 minutes, pulls out and rinses well and soak and in clear water, after 3.5 hours, carry out vernalization;
Described vernalization, for binding up with gauze that seed was scalded with 100 ℃ of boiling water, is placed on vernalization at 35 ℃, is down to two days later 28 ℃, after 4 days, starts to sprout, and when 70% above seed sprouting, sows;
Described bed soil is formulated as the barnyard manure that adopts fertile field soil 6 minutes, become thoroughly decomposed 4 minutes, after mixing, sieves, and adds 5 kilograms of 3 kilograms of superphosphate, 10 kilograms of ash and composite fertilizers in every square metre again;
Bed soil requires nutrition complete, and quality is loose, and preserve moisture and fertility ability is strong, good permeability, and soil acidity or alkalinity is moderate,, containing pathogen and the worm's ovum of soil-borne disease, young plant is not had to good crystallized ability, should not use chemical nitrogen fertilizer or excrement rare.
Described bed soil disinfection is that every cube of soil adds 50 grams, 100 grams of 50% carbendazim and 50% dichlorvos;
After described whole existing seedbed is the bed surface compacting of growing seedlings, 1/2 spreading in furrow of preparing bed soil, water once permeablely, after water oozes down, with remaining half a soil, pave bed surface, then water once end water;
Balsam pear generally adopts cold bed, film to grow seedlings.Selection last year is leeward on the sunny side, the high and dry place of physical features, digs a bed location before frozen soil, carries out seedbed.
Described sowing, for the distance between rows and hills program request by 7.5 centimetres, with a seed, is piled with earthing; Seedbed has been put seed and has been covered after mound, should entirely become to cover again once soil, and mound gap location is also covered to soil, and thick 0.7 centimetre, cover film then.Film must be tightened, surrounding is pressed tight.
Adopt above-mentioned technological means can greatly improve germination rate, the survival rate of seed of bitter gourd, the output of balsam pear is also greatly improved simultaneously, comparatively simple to choosing of fertilizer, reduced cost, improved the producer's income.
The present invention is not limited to aforesaid embodiment.The present invention expands to any new feature or any new combination disclosing in this manual, and the arbitrary new method disclosing or step or any new combination of process.
Claims (1)
1. balsam pear seedling growing process, is characterized in that comprising step: hot water treatment of seeds, seed disinfection, vernalization, the preparation of bed soil, bed soil disinfection, whole existing seedbed and sowing;
Described hoting water treatment of seeds as seed will ceaselessly stir after entering water, maintains the temperature 10 minutes of 55～60 ℃.When water temperature is reduced to 30 ℃ naturally, then soak 24 hours;
Described seed disinfection is for by the clear 800 times of liquid of 75,%00 bacterium bacterium or 500 times of immersion kinds of 50% carbendazim 30 minutes, pulls out and rinses well and soak and in clear water, after 3～4 hours, carry out vernalization;
Described vernalization, for binding up with gauze that seed was scalded with 100 ℃ of boiling water, is placed on vernalization at 35 ℃, is down to two days later 25～30 ℃, after 4 days, starts to sprout, and when 70% above seed sprouting, sows;
Described bed soil is formulated as the barnyard manure that adopts fertile field soil 6 minutes, become thoroughly decomposed 4 minutes, after mixing, sieves, and adds 5 kilograms of 3 kilograms of superphosphate, 10 kilograms of ash and composite fertilizers in every square metre again;
Described bed soil disinfection is that every cube of soil adds 50 grams, 100 grams of 50% carbendazim and 50% dichlorvos;
After described whole existing seedbed is the bed surface compacting of growing seedlings, 1/2 spreading in furrow of preparing bed soil, water once permeablely, after water oozes down, with remaining half a soil, pave bed surface, then water once end water;
Described sowing, for the distance between rows and hills program request by 7～8 centimetres, with a seed, is piled with earthing; Seedbed has been put seed and has been covered after mound, should entirely become to cover again once soil, and mound gap location is also covered to soil, and thick 0.7 centimetre, cover film then.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104145695A (en) * | 2014-08-28 | 2014-11-19 | 太仓市丰缘农场专业合作社 | Planting method capable of increasing yield of bitter gourds |
| CN104272950A (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2015-01-14 | 合肥长润农业科技有限公司 | Planting method for bitter gourds |
| CN104272952A (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2015-01-14 | 合肥长润农业科技有限公司 | Planting method of pollution-free bitter melons |
| CN104472069A (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2015-04-01 | 贵州黔粤农业科技发展有限公司 | Planting method of dading balsam pear |
| CN105123021A (en) * | 2015-08-29 | 2015-12-09 | 固镇县益民养殖专业合作社 | Bitter gourd seed fast germination accelerating treatment method |
| CN105165302A (en) * | 2015-07-14 | 2015-12-23 | 太仓市惠勤农场专业合作社 | High-quality and high-yield culture method for bitter gourds |
| CN110199698A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-09-06 | 桂林市蔬菜研究所 | A kind of method of greenhouse balsam pear graft seedling growth |
| CN110999734A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-14 | 江西邦谷农业发展有限公司 | Greenhouse bitter gourd seedling insect-prevention cultivation method |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104145695A (en) * | 2014-08-28 | 2014-11-19 | 太仓市丰缘农场专业合作社 | Planting method capable of increasing yield of bitter gourds |
| CN104272950A (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2015-01-14 | 合肥长润农业科技有限公司 | Planting method for bitter gourds |
| CN104272952A (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2015-01-14 | 合肥长润农业科技有限公司 | Planting method of pollution-free bitter melons |
| CN104472069A (en) * | 2014-12-09 | 2015-04-01 | 贵州黔粤农业科技发展有限公司 | Planting method of dading balsam pear |
| CN105165302A (en) * | 2015-07-14 | 2015-12-23 | 太仓市惠勤农场专业合作社 | High-quality and high-yield culture method for bitter gourds |
| CN105123021A (en) * | 2015-08-29 | 2015-12-09 | 固镇县益民养殖专业合作社 | Bitter gourd seed fast germination accelerating treatment method |
| CN110199698A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-09-06 | 桂林市蔬菜研究所 | A kind of method of greenhouse balsam pear graft seedling growth |
| CN110999734A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-14 | 江西邦谷农业发展有限公司 | Greenhouse bitter gourd seedling insect-prevention cultivation method |
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Application publication date: 20140820 |