CN103918510B - Double functional layer type weeding method used in organic rice field - Google Patents
Double functional layer type weeding method used in organic rice field Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a double functional layer type weeding method used in an organic rice field. The method is used for field weeding by creating double functional layers by means of the ecology principle according to the paddy field weed generating rule and ecology principle based on the condition of organic rice cultivation. According to the method, an organic reduction layer and a poplar leaf covering layer are created on the earth surface, and the harm caused by weed generation in the rice field can be effectively controlled by means of different functions of the organic reduction layer and the poplar leaf covering layer. Compared with existing organic rice field weeding methods, the weeding method has the advantages of being good in weeding effect, capable of improving the fertility of soil, reducing cost and improving efficiency, ecological, environmentally friendly, easy and convenient to implement and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for a kind of organic paddy rice Honda bifunctional layer weeding.
Technical background
China is eating rice production and consumption big country, and more than 60% population take rice as staple food, and therefore, the quality and safety of rice product is the focus that people pay close attention to always.In 20 end of the centurys, for meeting the needs of market to high-quality, safe rice, organic rice is produced and is developed rapidly in China, and becomes a new industry gradually.Organic paddy rice refers to the material such as chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals, growth regulator not using chemosynthesis in process of production, also the biology not adopting transgenic technology to obtain and product thereof, but follow the course of nature and ecological principle, adopt the paddy rice that a series of sustainable agriculture technology such as breeding combination, circular regeneration are planted.Weeds in paddy field is in the specific growing environment of paddy rice, directly or indirectly the plant of interference paddy growth, and it directly can affect growing and output of paddy rice, and weeding is the important step of Rice Production always.Owing to forbidding to use chemical herbicide in paddy rice organic farming process, not yet there is simple and easy to do, cost-effective Honda herbicidal methods so far, still main by manually pulling out, production cost is increased greatly.Therefore, the weed control of Honda phase has become the bottleneck of restriction organic paddy rice development.
Existing organic paddy rice Honda herbicidal methods, when applying in the Yellow River and Huai He River wheat-rice rotation district, some costs are too high, and some herbicidal effects are poor, are difficult to large scale application.Rice-duck farming herbicidal methods: in the Yellow River and Huai He River wheat-rice rotation district, on the one hand due to rice field-upland field rotation, water scarcity, irrigation quantity is few, and Honda soil organic matter content is low, and earth is stronger, and the aquatic animal such as river snail, loach is few, causes duck little in field foraging activity amount; On the other hand in order to solve the contradiction in wheat-rice rotation contention season, adopt big seedling transplanting in long age, and Planting Densities is larger, growth time from rice transplanting to envelope ridge is shorter, to duck, in field, activity brings difficulty, therefore adopt rice-duck farming herbicidal methods in the Yellow River and Huai He River rice district, not only support duck and manage time-consuming, and herbicidal effect is poor.Raising crabs in paddy field herbicidal methods: only when river crab breeding density is larger, to the rice field middle and later periods under water weeds to eliminate effect better, the method is time-consuming, cost is high, can only be applicable to small size and produce." rice chaff rice work " herbicidal methods: when the Yellow River and Huai He River wheat-rice rotation district soil organic matter content is lower, herbicidal effect is unsatisfactory, and cost is too high.The herbicidal methods such as fermentation poultry dung, biological rice husk powder: because the Yellow River and Huai He River wheat-rice rotation district soil organic matter content is lower, in practical application, herbicidal effect is too poor.Deep water is pressed grass, with seedling pressure grass, is lured the herbicidal methods such as careless weed eradication, farming weeding, although have certain control action to this field weed, herbicidal effect is poor, still needs auxiliary a large amount of manually pulling out.Recycled writing paper covers herbicidal methods, although herbicidal effect is good, can only be applicable to machine rice transplantation overlay film integration cultivation, require strict to site preparation quality etc., cost is high, applies difficulty larger in the Yellow River and Huai He River rice district based on rice transplantation by hand.
The different weed seed (stem tuber) in paddy field has different requirements to the environmental condition such as oxygen and illumination in germinating growth process, utilizes these biological propertyes, takes different measures, just can reach the object of weeding.Not needing light as needed oxygen when the seeds (stem tuber) such as needle type humidogene weeds barnyard grass, Herba Cyperi Glomerati germinate, needing oxygen during growth and slightly needing light; The seeds (stem tuber) such as broad-leaved type aquatic property weeds Monochoria vaginalis, Sagittaria pygmaea, angustifolia arrowhead herb, pondweed do not need oxygen and need light when germinateing, and slightly need oxygen and need light during growth; The seeds (stem tuber) such as needle type aquatic property weeds firefly Lin, black arrowhead need oxygen and slightly need light when germinateing, and slightly need oxygen and light during growth.Therefore, when weeds germinating growth, as long as the supply of restriction oxygen and obstruct illumination, the germinating growth of weeds just effectively can be suppressed.
Northern China Plains forest mainly willow, willow is with luxuriant foliage and spreading branches in leafy profusion, Yang Ye aboundresources.A large amount of willow fallen leaves, are covered with gutter, need the manpower of at substantial to carry out clearing up or burning, cause the wasting of resources, contaminated environment.According to the interrelated data display that China Forestry Science Research Institute issues, 5 years general raw 1-69 Yang Lin, annual fresh leaf per unit area yield is 652.7-706.7kg/ mu, be 241.7-269.2kg/ mu after drying, leaf area index is 3.5-4, if rice field cover index calculates (namely covering two-layer Yang Ye) by 2,1 mu of common 5 years raw 1-69 Yang Lin leaf can meet the paddy field weed-killer of about 2 mu, and therefore abundant Yang Ye is the weeding material that paddy rice organic farming provides abundance.Be applied to the report of paddy field weed-killer about Yang Ye, there is not yet.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problem, the invention provides the method for a kind of organic paddy rice Honda bifunctional layer weeding, based under paddy rice organic farming condition, according to paddy land weed pests occurrence rule and biological property, using ecological principle, carrying out a kind of method of Honda weeding by manufacturing " bifunctional layer ".
Inventor is engaged in research and the operation instruction work of paddy rice organic production for many years, by repeatedly observing the leaf regularity of distribution in rice field, willow side and herbicidal effect and gain enlightenment, and carry out testing, demonstrating in 2012-2013, research has summed up a set of comparatively perfect " bifunctional layer " weeding method.The present invention is from ecological point, utilize paddy land weed pests occurrence rule and biological property, cover combine imposing fertilizer and leaf, organic " reduction zone " and Yang Ye " cover layer " is formed on earth's surface, i.e. " bifunctional layer ", thus reach the object of thoroughly preventing and kill off paddy land weed, the method have herbicidal effect good, increase soil fertility, cost-saving synergistic, ecological, environmental protective, the advantage such as simple and easy to do, significant to the development of China's manufacture of organic rice.
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: for paddy rice organic farming Honda provides a kind of method of " bifunctional layer " weeding, namely organic " reduction zone " and Yang Ye " cover layer " is manufactured on earth's surface, utilize the difference in functionality of organic " reduction zone " and Yang Ye " cover layer ", reach the object effectively controlling weeds in paddy field occurrence injury.
A kind of method of organic paddy rice Honda " bifunctional layer " weeding, the biological property different with requirement for environmental conditions such as illumination to oxygen in germinating growth process according to paddy land weed, give full play to local abundant Yang Ye and organic manure resource advantage, " light seeding, front short, rear control " is first adopted to be that the optimization drought of core is educated and strengthened seedling technology long age and cultivate strong seedling, within 5-7 days after rice transplanting, spread fertilizer over the fields fertilizer manufacture organic " reduction zone " and be sprinkled into Yang Ye manufacture leaf " cover layer ", utilize the multiple action of " bifunctional layer ", effectively prevent and kill off paddy land weed.The major function of " reduction zone ": one is that fertilizer carries out anaerobic digestion under water, forms earth's surface reduction zone, causes table mud layer anoxic, suppresses the germinating growth of the weed seeds (stem tuber) such as aerobic barnyard grass, water Sha, firefly Lin, black arrowhead; Two is that fertilizer produces a large amount of low molecular organic acids and C in anaerobic digestion process
2h
4, H
2s, CO
2deng gas, can suppress and damage the germinating growth of weed seed.Leaf " cover layer " major function: one is can effectively shading, suppresses the germinating growth of the weed seeds (stem tuber) such as heliophilic Monochoria vaginalis, Sagittaria pygmaea, angustifolia arrowhead herb, pondweed; Two is growths that Yang Yeneng effectively covers weeds, and each piece of Yang Ye is one piece of about 50-60cm
2little mulch film, can sink to mud table by nature after Yang Ye is sprinkled into and soaks in water, by field " dehydration paste ground method ", Yang Ye and mud table can be made to combine closely, even if also can not levitating after pouring water, the weeds of germination can not penetrate Yang Ye and grow.Poplar leaf surface is smooth, and be evenly distributed after being sprinkled into paddy field, surface ground coverage is high, and husk covering, improving straw mulching, little tree foliage cover etc. all can not reach the effect of poplar foliage cover; Three is that Yang Ye is close to mud layer surface, can intercept the oxygen supply of table mud layer better, the effect of strengthening reduction zone; Four be Yang Ye nitrogen content up to 0.82%, nitrogen nutrient can not be fought for paddy rice during decomposition, soil nutrient and the content of organic matter can be increased after decomposition, increase soil fertility.This herbicidal methods compared with existing organic paddy rice Honda herbicidal methods, have herbicidal effect good, increase soil fertility, cost-saving synergistic, ecological, environmental protective, the advantage such as simple and easy to do.
A method for organic paddy rice Honda bifunctional layer weeding, comprises the steps:
1), drought educates strong seedling: during nursery, rice growing amount is about 25kg/ mu; Rice seedlings 2 leaf 1 heart stage conveniently technology carry out watering, fertilizing; Do not rewater from 5-7 days before rice transplanting, make paddy rice before transplanting, keep the dry season in " 5-7 " sky.
2), earth's surface organic " reduction zone " is manufactured: 5-7 days after rice transplanting, rice shoot turn green straight and upright after, as tillering fertilizer of turning green, spread fertilizer over the fields the Chicken dung 300kg/ mu of (or being processed into particle) in small, broken bits in rice field about, form earth's surface organic " reduction zone ".
3), Yang Ye " cover layer " is manufactured: after spreading fertilizer over the fields Chicken dung in rice field, be sprinkled into again (amounting to air-dry Yang Ye about 134kg) about the open and flat Yang Ye 200kg/ mu of moisture regain, require to be sprinkled into total leaf area of Yang Ye and paddy field area ratio (i.e. leaf area index) is 1.5-2.0, form comparatively tight Yang Ye " cover layer ".
4), " dehydration paste ground method ": be sprinkled into 3-5 days after Yang Ye in rice field, by clean for the water discharge in rice field, keep no water layer state 2-3 days, make Yang Ye " cover layer " be close to earth's surface rehydration again.
5), dry field: start light dry field 7-10 days when mu total stem tiller number reaches target spike number 80-85%.
6), ear manuer natural pond liquid imposes: (between paddy rice first segment fixed length, basic fixed length between second section) rehydration after dry field, about can imposing natural pond liquid 1t/ mu.
Its complex art comprises:
1), Fruit variety: select and take root the vigorous type kind of early growth fast, growing way is strong, because strong reduction reaction produces inhibitory action to paddy rice early growth.
2), drought educates strong seedling: adopt " light seeding, front short, rear control " to be that the optimization drought of core is educated and strengthened seedling technology long age and cultivate strong seedling." light seeding " by seeding quantity by about reducing to 25kg/ mu about traditional 40kg/ mu; " front short " namely carries out watering, fertilizing in 2 leaf 1 heart stages, promotes to produce low position tiller in early days, particularly promotes the formation of sheath tiller; " afterwards control " namely the later stage carries out rich water control, Developing restraint, particularly according to plant arid physilogical characteristics, by the dry season of 5-7 days before transplanting, make histocyte be in starvation to moisture, direct growth after transplanting, does not have period of seedling establishment, and erupt new root and new tiller rapidly, plant is stocky strong.So just can avoid when spreading fertilizer over the fields organic manure or Yang Ye, rice strain being overwhelmed.
3), Honda applies with base manure wholely: when carrying out ploughing rake after harvesting wheat, applied by the histosol miscellaneous fertilizers become thoroughly decomposed by 2t/ mu left and right holostrome.Honda is done before rice transplanting whole after, then it is whole to carry out water, whole thin leveling.
4), rice transplanting: accomplish optimum period rice transplanting, during rice transplanting, field keeps melon skin water, and be beneficial to rice transplanting, rice shoot will be inserted directly, does not tilt, in order to avoid by rice strain press-in water when spreading fertilizer over the fields Yang Ye.
5), original earth's surface organic " reduction zone " manufactures: 5-7 days after rice transplanting, rice shoot turn green straight and upright after, as tillering fertilizer of turning green, about spreading fertilizer over the fields the Chicken dung 300kg/ mu of (or being processed into particle) in small, broken bits, earth's surface organic " reduction zone " can be formed.
6), original Yang Ye " cover layer " manufacture: in step 5) complete after, be sprinkled into (amounting to air-dry Yang Ye about 134kg) about the open and flat Yang Ye 200kg/ mu of moisture regain, require to be sprinkled into total leaf area of Yang Ye and paddy field area ratio (i.e. leaf area index) is 1.5-2.0, comparatively tight Yang Ye " cover layer " can be formed.The air-dry Yang Ye of collection storage will be carried out water spray moisture regain before being sprinkled into, injection flow rate is about 50% of air-dry Yang Ye weight, turns over to smash and sprays water, and then stacking 2-3 hour can be open and flat, if the open and flat blade just fallen or fresh leaves, is directly sprinkled into.Use moisture regain open and flat blade, the open and flat blade just fallen and fresh leaves, after being sprinkled into, 24 littlely almost all sink to mud table under water; If use curling air-dry Yang Ye, when being sprinkled on the one hand, operation difficulty, is sprinkled into the floating water surface of rear major part on the other hand, only has and just can sink to mud table after rainwater.
7), original " ground method is pasted in dehydration ": the mud table although the Yang Ye be sprinkled into sinks under the water, can not combine closely with earth, and the mobility of blade is comparatively strong, the obstructing capacity penetrate light, oxygen and the obstructing capacity to weed growth decline.For improving the effect of Yang Ye " cover layer " management of weeds, present inventor investigated " ground method is pasted in dehydration ".So-called " ground method is pasted in dehydration ", exactly in step 5) complete after (being namely sprinkled into Yang Yehou) 3-5 days, by clean for the water discharge in rice field, keep no water layer rehydration after state 2-3 days, blade and earth surfaces just can be made to combine closely, and blade of then pouring water also can not levitating." dehydration paste ground method " makes blade and earth be close to, and mud extraction children's grass soon can tightly be pressed between blade and earth by one side, dead because can not get illumination and oxygen; Strengthen on the other hand obstructing capacity that " cover layer " penetrate light, oxygen and the obstructing capacity to weed growth; Next makes blade be uniformly distributed further, the blade that " ground method is pasted in dehydration " is close to mud table is fixed, even if there is water layer also generally can not move, and the blade (because of Poplar leaves surface smoothing) overlapped above subsides ground blade very easily moves because pouring water, finally stop at the mud surface or the intersection between blade and blade that are not covered by blade, blade is uniformly distributed, thus improves the coverage rate to ground surface.
8), dry field: start light dry field 7-10 days when mu total stem tiller number reaches target spike number 80-85%.
9), original ear manuer imposes: (between paddy rice first segment fixed length, basic fixed length between second section) rehydration after dry field, about can imposing natural pond liquid 1t/ mu, can pour into water from water inlet, also can splash.。
10), after booting stage, organic cultivation method carries out rich water quality management, until ripe results routinely.
Owing to have employed above technical scheme, the present invention utilizes " bifunctional layer " herbicidal methods completely, has following good society and ecological effect:
1), the present invention is adopted to protect and to improve the ecological environment: the present invention is a kind of under organic farming condition; do not use any chemical weed control material; according to paddy land weed pests occurrence rule and biological property; use ecological principle; carrying out Honda weeding by manufacturing " bifunctional layer ", local abundant Yang Ye resource, organic manure resource and natural pond liquid resources advantage can be made full use of.Yang Ye, fertilizer, natural pond liquid are used in paddy field, can weeding, make fertilizer again, can greatly reduce environmental pollution.Adopt that the present invention is original can improve the quality of products, protect and improve the ecological environment, being the innovation of organic paddy rice Honda herbicidal methods, to Organic Farming, there is great facilitation.
2), adopt herbicidal effect of the present invention good: organic paddy rice Honda weeds kind is many, quantity is large." bifunctional layer " weeding method, the biological property different with external environmental condition requirements such as illumination to oxygen in germinating growth process according to paddy land weed, after rice transplanting, by spreading fertilizer over the fields fertilizer and Yang Ye, manufacture earth's surface organic " reduction zone " and Yang Ye " cover layer "." reduction zone " and " cover layer " can make weed seed be in anoxic and no light condition in the germinating growth stage; Yang Ye " cover layer " has good sealing process to weeds germinating growth; Fertilizer and natural pond liquid ferment the small molecular organic acid and C that produce
2h
4, H
2s, CO
2to weed seed germination, there is suppression and damaging action Deng gas.The present invention utilizes the impact of multiple factors to suppress the germinating growth of paddy land weed, thus reaches the object of weeding, and weeding rate reaches about 95%.This herbicidal methods, compared with existing organic paddy rice Honda herbicidal methods, has the advantages such as herbicidal effect is good, simple and easy to do.
3), the present invention is adopted, can increase soil fertility, strengthen paddy rice resistance, improve rice quality, improve per unit area yield: Yang Ye nitrogen content is up to 0.82%, nitrogen nutrient can not be fought for paddy rice during decomposition, soil nutrient and the content of organic matter can be increased after decomposition, increase soil fertility; Containing nutrients such as abundant organic matter and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium in the fertilizer imposed, natural pond liquid; Also containing the abundant material such as amino acid, B family vitamin, various hydrolase, certain plants hormone, small molecular organic acid in the liquid of natural pond, natural pond liquid is not only good liquid quick-acting fertilizer, and have obvious inhibitory action to rice warm disease etc., and rice quality, raising rice yield can be improved.
4), adopt the present invention, can saving of labor, abridged edition, increasing production and improying productivity: all weeding materials used in the present invention, is also all the fertilizer required for rice growth, without any invalid consumption.The present invention prevents and kill off organic fertilizing method, rice growth regulation of fertilizer requirement and paddy land weed to combine dexterously, reaches the effect of " killing three birds with one stone ", therefore, it is possible to saving of labor, abridged edition, increase production and improve productivity.
5), the present invention is adopted, the environment that use chemical herbicide etc. can be avoided to cause and contamination of products: Yang Ye used in the present invention is a kind of natural material, without any processing; The decomposed manure used is not containing any chemical substance; Natural pond liquid is the liquid produced by anaerobic digestion by stalk, people and animals' fecaluria etc.Adopt " bifunctional layer " weeding method, do not need, with chemical herbicide, also not need with imposing chemical fertilizer, therefore can not cause the pollution to environment and product.
Embodiment:
The present invention in Zheng Wang town, Linyi City Hedong District, Shandong, Ba Hu town implement.
Implement place rice wheat rotation for many years, soil fertility is medium, about annual precipitation 700mm, average temperature of the whole year 13 DEG C, frost-free season about 200d.General early and middle ten days sowing in May, mid or late June transplants, after ripening before October 10.
Seedling-cultivation technique
1) Fruit variety: select and take root the vigorous type kind of early growth fast, growing way is strong, because strong reduction reaction produces inhibitory action to paddy rice early growth.The superior rice kinds such as Linyi Dao Qu can select more light, capital to draw 119, middle part 67.
2) rice seedling bed is selected: ground, vegetable garden or dry land are preferably selected in rice seedling bed, does not generally select ground, rice field.Requirement irrigation and drainage are convenient, and loosing soil is fertile, the content of organic matter is high, water-permeable and air permeable is good, in faintly acid (about PH5.5), basic soil suitably can adjust with humus.
3) meticulous wholely, use sufficient base manure: before requiring year, upturned soil is frozen in winter ploughing, within 7-8 days, carries out ploughing rake before sowing, and the mu pig manure about 2000 kilograms executing farmyard manure about 5000 kilograms, become thoroughly decomposed when ploughing rake, then leveling is harrowed carefully further, carries out the furrow that 1.2-1.5 rice is wide.
4) drought educates strong seedling: adopt " light seeding, front short, rear control " to be that the optimization drought of core is educated and strengthened seedling technology long age and cultivate strong seedling." light seeding " by seeding quantity by about reducing to 25kg/ mu about traditional 40kg/ mu; " front short " namely carries out watering, fertilizing in 2 leaf 1 heart stages, promotes to produce low position tiller in early days, particularly promotes the formation of sheath tiller; " afterwards control " namely the later stage carries out rich water control, Developing restraint, particularly according to plant arid physilogical characteristics, by the dry season of 5-7 days before transplanting, make histocyte be in starvation to moisture, direct growth after transplanting, does not have period of seedling establishment, and erupt new root and new tiller rapidly, plant is stocky strong.So just can avoid when spreading fertilizer over the fields organic manure or Yang Ye, rice strain being overwhelmed.
5) the rice seedling bed extermination of disease and insect pest is done well: can prior to seeding with limewash sterilization, prevention bakanae disease, damping off etc.; Employing fly net covers, the insect pests such as prevention small brown rice planthopper, thrips, leafhopper, thus prevents the generation of stripe virus disease, black streak dwarf.
Honda culture technique
6), Honda applies with base manure wholely: when carrying out ploughing rake after harvesting wheat, applied by the histosol miscellaneous fertilizers become thoroughly decomposed by 2t/ mu left and right holostrome.Honda is done before rice transplanting whole after, then it is whole to carry out water, whole thin leveling.
7), rice transplanting: accomplish optimum period rice transplanting, it is 20-25 day in June that Linyi Dao Qu is suitable for transplanting date, and row pier distance is 25-27cm × 13-14cm.During rice transplanting, field keeps melon skin water, and be beneficial to rice transplanting, rice shoot will be inserted directly, does not tilt, in order to avoid by rice strain press-in water when spreading fertilizer over the fields Yang Ye.
8), original earth's surface organic " reduction zone " manufactures: 5-7 days after rice transplanting, rice shoot turn green straight and upright after, as tillering fertilizer of turning green, about spreading fertilizer over the fields (or being processed into particle) in small, broken bits Chicken dung 300kg/ mu, earth's surface organic " reduction zone " can be formed.
9), original Yang Ye " cover layer " manufacture: [0040] 8) complete after, be sprinkled into (amounting to air-dry Yang Ye about 134kg) about the open and flat Yang Ye 200kg/ mu of moisture regain, require to be sprinkled into total leaf area of Yang Ye and paddy field area ratio (i.e. leaf area index) is 1.5-2.0, comparatively tight Yang Ye " cover layer " can be formed.The air-dry Yang Ye of collection storage will be carried out water spray moisture regain before being sprinkled into, injection flow rate is about 50% of air-dry Yang Ye weight, turns over to smash and sprays water, and then stacking 2-3 hour can be open and flat; If the open and flat blade just fallen or fresh leaves, be directly sprinkled into.Use moisture regain open and flat blade, the open and flat blade just fallen and fresh leaves, be sprinkled into after 24 little within almost all sink to mud table under water; If use curling air-dry Yang Ye, when being sprinkled on the one hand, operation difficulty, is sprinkled into the floating water surface of rear major part on the other hand, only has and just can sink to mud table after rainwater.
10), original " ground method is pasted in dehydration ": the mud table although the Yang Ye be sprinkled into sinks under the water, can not combine closely with earth, and the mobility of blade is comparatively strong, the obstructing capacity penetrate light, oxygen and the obstructing capacity to weed growth decline.For improving the effect of Yang Ye " cover layer " management of weeds, present inventor investigated " ground method is pasted in dehydration ".So-called " ground method is pasted in dehydration ", exactly in step 9) complete after (being namely sprinkled into Yang Yehou) 3-5 days, by clean for the water discharge in rice field, keep no water layer state 2-3 days, blade and earth just can be made to combine closely, and blade of then pouring water also can not levitating." dehydration paste ground method " makes blade and earth surfaces be close to, and mud extraction children's grass soon can tightly be pressed between blade and earth by one side, dead because can not get illumination and oxygen; Strengthen on the other hand obstructing capacity that " cover layer " penetrate light, oxygen and the obstructing capacity to weed growth; Next makes blade be uniformly distributed further, the blade that " ground method is pasted in dehydration " is close to mud table is fixed, even if there is water layer also generally can not move, and the blade (because of Poplar leaves surface smoothing) overlapped above subsides ground blade very easily moves because pouring water, finally stop at the mud surface or the intersection between blade and blade that are not covered by blade, blade is uniformly distributed, thus improves the coverage rate to ground surface.
11), dry field: start light dry field when mu total stem tiller number reaches target spike number 80-85%.
12), original ear manuer imposes: (between paddy rice first segment fixed length, basic fixed length between second section) rehydration after dry field, about can imposing natural pond liquid 1t/ mu, can pour into from water inlet with water.
13), after booting stage, organic cultivation method carries out rich water quality management, until ripe results routinely.
Economic benefit of the present invention
1) herbicidal effect
The present invention tests in Zheng Wang town, Hedong District, Linyi, 2012-2013 carries out field trial, adopt the average weeding rate of the original technology of the present invention to reach 95.1%, improve 23.9 percentage points than current used rice bran weeding rate, improve 47.0 percentage points than Chicken dung weeding rate.Within 2013, produce demonstration weeding rate and reach 93.8%.
2) economic benefit
In Zheng Wang town, Hedong District, Linyi, with Japanese high quality japonica kind, more light is for material in the present invention, and 2012-2013 carries out field trial, adopts the technology of the present invention than contrast every mu on average volume increase 50.1%, increases economic benefit 479.3 yuan/mu; On average increasing production 11.8% than current used rice bran herbicidal methods every mu, increase economic benefit is 529.5 yuan/mu; Than the on average volume increase 27.3% of simple Chicken dung herbicidal methods every mu, increase economic benefit 561.8 yuan/mu.Within 2013, produce demonstration to produce demonstration ratio contrast every mu of volume increase 41.7%, increase economic benefit 358.8 yuan/mu.
Subordinate list field trials in 12012,2013 and production demonstration herbicidal effect
Subordinate list field trials in 22012,2013 and production demonstration output
Subordinate list field trials in 32012,2013 and production demonstration performance analysis
Note: 1) histosol miscellaneous fertilizers 100 yuan/t, liquid 50 yuan/t in natural pond (comprises pumping expense, nitrogen content about 0.3%), rice bran 2 yuan/kg (nitrogen content about 1.8%) after particle processing, Chicken dung 0.6 yuan/kg (nitrogen content about 1.6%), become thoroughly decomposed soybean cake fertilizer 4 yuan/kg (nitrogen content 7.0%), Yang Ye 0.4 yuan/kg, composite fertilizer 3 yuan/kg, urea 2.5/ yuan of kg, artificial weeding takes 10 yuan/hour, and organic paddy price of volume increase part calculates by 5 yuan/kg.
2) become thoroughly decomposed histosol miscellaneous fertilizers 2t/ mu and composite fertilizer (15:15:15) 40kg/ mu are made base manure holostrome to apply by CK, and transplant and impose urea 5kg/ mu in latter 6 days, ear manuer imposes urea 6.5kg/ mu, does not carry out any weeding process; T
1be that will become thoroughly decomposed histosol miscellaneous fertilizers 2t/ mu and Chicken dung 200kg/ mu is made base manure holostrome and applied, transplant and spread fertilizer over the fields Chicken dung 250kg/ mu in latter 6 days, be sprinkled into air-dry Yang Ye 140kg/ mu, ear manuer is filled with and is executed natural pond liquid 1t/ mu; T
2be that will become thoroughly decomposed histosol miscellaneous fertilizers 2t/ mu and Chicken dung 350kg/ mu is made base manure holostrome and applied, transplant and spread fertilizer over the fields rice bran 150kg/ mu in latter 6 days, ear manuer imposes the cake fertilizer 43kg/ mu that becomes thoroughly decomposed; T
3be that will become thoroughly decomposed histosol miscellaneous fertilizers 2t/ mu and Chicken dung 270kg/ mu is made base manure holostrome and applied, transplant and spread fertilizer over the fields Chicken dung 250kg/ mu in latter 6 days, ear manuer imposes the cake fertilizer 43kg/ mu that becomes thoroughly decomposed.
3) the total nitrogen content applied respectively is processed substantially identical.
Claims (1)
1. a method for organic paddy rice Honda bifunctional layer weeding, comprises the steps:
1), drought educates strong seedling: during nursery, rice growing amount is 25kg/ mu; Rice seedlings 2 leaf 1 heart stage conveniently technology carry out watering, fertilizing; Do not rewater from 5-7 days before rice transplanting, make paddy rice before transplanting, keep the dry season of 5-7 days;
2), manufacture earth's surface organic " reduction zone ": 5-7 days after rice transplanting, rice shoot turn green straight and upright after, as tillering fertilizer of turning green, spread fertilizer over the fields in small, broken bits in rice field or be processed into the Chicken dung 300kg/ mu of particle, forming earth's surface organic " reduction zone ";
3), Yang Ye " cover layer " is manufactured: after spreading fertilizer over the fields Chicken dung in rice field, be sprinkled into the Yang Ye 200kg/ mu that moisture regain is open and flat again, it is 134kg/ mu that the open and flat Yang Ye of described moisture regain amounts to into air-dry Yang Ye, requiring to be sprinkled into total leaf area of the open and flat Yang Ye of moisture regain and paddy field area ratio and leaf area index is 1.5-2.0, forms tight Yang Ye " cover layer ";
4), " dehydration paste ground method ": be sprinkled into 3-5 days after the open and flat Yang Ye of moisture regain in rice field, by clean for the water discharge in rice field, keep no water layer state 2-3 days, make Yang Ye " cover layer " be close to earth's surface; Rehydration again;
5), dry field: start light dry field 7-10 days when mu total stem tiller number reaches target spike number 80-85%;
6), ear manuer natural pond liquid imposes: terminate rear rehydration in dry field, impose natural pond liquid 1t/ mu.
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| CN103548633B (en) * | 2013-11-04 | 2015-03-25 | 临沂同德农业科技开发有限公司 | Organic cultivation method for rice in upland nursery |
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