CN103833467A - Organic compound fertilizer with citrus pomace and preparation method of organic compound fertilizer - Google Patents
Organic compound fertilizer with citrus pomace and preparation method of organic compound fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN103833467A CN103833467A CN201410075126.5A CN201410075126A CN103833467A CN 103833467 A CN103833467 A CN 103833467A CN 201410075126 A CN201410075126 A CN 201410075126A CN 103833467 A CN103833467 A CN 103833467A
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention discloses an organic compound fertilizer with citrus pomace and a preparation method of the organic compound fertilizer and belongs to the technical field of preparation of organic fertilizers. The preparation method comprises the following steps of reducing the acidity of the citrus pomace by adopting microbial fermentation for deacidification, decomposing nondegradable components such as pectin and cellulose in the citrus pomace by adopting a compound-enzyme preparation, carrying out composting fermentation by microbial liquid inoculant, finally adding batched materials such as urea, monoammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate, and carrying out insect killing, sterilization, granulation, drying, cooling, sieving, coating and packaging to prepare the organic compound fertilizer with rich organic matter and the contents of N, P and K meeting the need of the optimal proportion for growth of citrus. The organic compound fertilizer and the preparation method disclosed by the invention have the advantages that deacidifying yeast is adopted to reduce the acidity of the citrus pomace and replace the existing method for adding quick lime to carry out deacidification, calcification and alkalization of soil are effectively prevented, the content of the compound fertilizer is more than 55%, the pH value is 6.5-8.5, the total contents of N, P and K are more than or equal to 8%, the water content is less than or equal to 20%, the contents of trace elements such as B, Zn and Mg are rich, and the other quality indexes are superior to national standard of organic fertilizer respectively.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the harmless treatment of citrus peel residue, particularly a kind of citrus peel residue compoiste fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
China is the large Orange Producing of the first in the world state.The oranges and tangerines of producing, except directly eating, also have sizable a part of oranges and tangerines to process for fruit juice, produce a large amount of citrus peel residues.At present, citrus peel residue is mainly by simple sanitary landfill processing.But skin slag volume is large, water ratio is high, landfill disposal is not only taken up an area many, also produce a large amount of effusions and foul smell simultaneously, ambient air, soil and water etc. are caused to a series of environmental pollutions, have a strong impact on people's production, life and health, harmless treatment and the recycling of citrus peel residue are urgently to be resolved hurrily.
Citrus peel residue is rich in moisture, pectin, Mierocrystalline cellulose and mineral element, also contains a small amount of protein, volatile oil and Flavonoid substances.Since the eighties in last century, domestic citrus peel residue harmless treatment and application technology as the second resource are carried out to a large amount of scientific researches, comprise materials such as extracting volatile oil, pectin, pigment, Mierocrystalline cellulose and flavonoid, and anaerobic methane fermentation etc., but all can not carry out effective decrement to skin slag, the volume that has even increased skin slag the like waste, causes more serious environmental pollution.At present, relatively effective means is to dry skin slag to make feed, can utilize the organic substance in citrus peel residue, can solve preferably again problem of environmental pollution.But the water ratio of citrus peel residue exceedes 80%, be rich in pectin in addition, a large amount of moisture exists with the form in conjunction with water, and oven dry skin slag energy consumption is large, and cost is high, is difficult to widespread use.In addition, the not enough 1%(dry mass of the protein quality mark of citrus peel residue meter), feed nutritive value is low.So domestic citrus peel residue major part is still thrown aside as main to concentrate at present, has seriously increased enterprise and environmental pressure.The skin slag that harmless treatment orange juice produces in producing, for preserving the ecological environment, the Sustainable development of oranges and tangerines plantation and fruit juice processing industry is significant.
Consider that citrus peel residue includes the nutritive element that the plants such as abundant organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium need, have the function of nutrient plant and improvement soil concurrently.During High-Temperature Composting fermentation can be produced fertilizer by harmless treatment citrus peel residue, both can solve problem of environmental pollution, can realize again the recycling of agricultural resource.Research shows, the key factor that affects organic thermophilic fermentation is microbe species, feedstock property (comprising moisture, potential of hydrogen, material composition, carbon-nitrogen ratio etc.) and condition control.Because citrus peel residue contains a large amount of pectin, Mierocrystalline cellulose and moisture, thus produce in the process of fertilizer at processing citrus peel residue, decompose pectin, Mierocrystalline cellulose and dehydration effectively, domestic also have much about the records of processing citrus peel residue production fertilizer.Chinese patent CN101857510B discloses a kind of special organic composite fertilizer of citrus residues of citrus and preparation method thereof, it is to adopt to comprise organic matter, urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate is raw material, first organic matter is carried out to fermentative processing, then accounting for total mass per-cent according to n-p-k element is N: P: K=2.5～2.8%: 0.12～0.16%: 0.7～1.3% proportioning, add urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate batching, Pesticidal and sterilizing again, granulation, dry, cooling, screening, dressing makes, described fermentative processing is to adopt by Chinese patent ZL200710093221.8, name is called in " a kind of bacillus megaterium and the application and methods for using them in enzymatic microorganism thereof " disclosed, and the preserving number that is preserved in Chinese common micro-organisms culture presevation administrative center is the bacillus megaterium M1(Bac.megatherium.M1 of CGMCC NO.2267) to expand through conventional microorganism the one that numerous cultivation obtains acidproof, resistant to elevated temperatures microbiological active material-oranges and tangerines pomace zymophyte (Orange Slag Fermentation) OSF zymophyte carries out fermentative processing, but this bacterium can only carry out saccharification decomposition and amino acid decomposes, degrade with no specific disclosure of the main component-pectin in citrus peel residue and Mierocrystalline cellulose, the effective constituent of oranges and tangerines is not fully used.Chinese patent CN103396235A discloses a kind of method of utilizing citrus peel residue to produce organic composite fertilizer, adopt subtilis to ferment, only can process the pectin in citrus peel residue, the effective constituent of oranges and tangerines is not still fully used, and the compoiste fertilizer that regulates the pH value of citrus peel residue to prepare by interpolation unslaked lime easily causes calcification and the alkalization of soil.
In sum, for the property of raw material of citrus peel residue, explore a kind of can fully degrade citrus peel residue effective constituent with prepare the method for citrus peel residue compoiste fertilizer be still citrus peel residue harmless treatment in the urgent need to.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem solved by the invention is take citrus peel residue as main raw material, overcome existing citrus peel residue harmless treatment and prepare the defect of organic composite fertilizer, reduce the acidity of citrus peel residue by the microorganism deacidification of fermenting, then adopt the pectin in compound enzymic preparation degraded citrus peel residue, the difficult degradation compositions such as Mierocrystalline cellulose, through microbial liquid microbial inoculum compost fermentation, finally add urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate batching, Pesticidal and sterilizing again, granulation afterwards, dry, cooling, screening, dressing, packing makes one and is rich in organic matter, N, P, K content meets the compoiste fertilizer of Ci trus growth optimum proportion demand.
Primary and foremost purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of citrus peel residue compoiste fertilizer, adopts the raw material preparation of following mass percent: citrus peel residue 50-60%, organic auxiliary material 40-50%;
Described citrus peel residue is the oranges and tangerines waste residue after industrialization is squeezed the juice, moisture content 60-80%;
Described organic auxiliary material is made up of feces of livestock and poultry and moisture adjuster;
Described feces of livestock and poultry is the mixture of chicken manure and pig manure, and mixing quality is than being 3-5:1-3;
The moisture content of described feces of livestock and poultry is 50-60%;
Described moisture adjuster is one or more mixtures that mix with arbitrary proportion in the cheap organic matters such as the wheat stalk of pulverizing, rice straw, maize straw, husk, chaff shell, wood chip, the sweet wormwood slag obtaining after extracting Artemisinin, the vegetable seed slag obtaining after oil expression or seeds of a tung oil tree slag, the peat composed of rotten mosses, wheat bran, grinding particle size 2-5mm, the water content < 5% of described moisture adjuster;
The preparation method of described citrus peel residue compoiste fertilizer is: first the citrus peel residue of described mass ratio is carried out to bio-deacidification, by the composite conventional deacidification yeast science deacidification of carrying out, the pH value of citrus peel residue rises to 6-7 by being less than 4, process like this, not only for the fermentation of postorder citrus peel residue enzymolysis and microorganism compost provides suitable yeasting, and increased the microorganism fermented bacterium of compost fermentation, and improve enzymolysis and compost fermentation effect, prevent soil calcification and alkalization, then regulate the moisture of citrus peel residue to be down to 50-60% by being greater than 78% by described moisture adjuster, finally the feces of livestock and poultry of moisture content 50-60% is evenly mixed with the citrus peel residue of processing, add the liquid microbe microbial inoculum of mixture quality 0.5-1% and the mixing enzyme preparation of 0.5-1.5% to carry out compost enzymolysis and compost primary fermentation, in the time that temperature rises to 45-50 ℃ (fermentation 2-3 days) turning once, so turning completes compost primary fermentation for 1-2 time, then add the liquid microbe microbial inoculum of mixture quality 1-3% to carry out compost maturity, in the time that temperature rises to 65-70 ℃ (fermentation 3-4 days) turning once, so turning completes compost maturity 3-4 time, the fertilizer of fermentation maturity is accounted for to the proportioning that the total mass per-cent after interpolation is N:P:K=2.5～2.8%:0.12～0.16%:0.7～1.3% according to n-p-k element, add urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate batching, Pesticidal and sterilizing again, granulation, dry, cooling, screening, dressing makes citrus peel residue compoiste fertilizer.
Described deacidification yeast is made up of the fermented liquid that spreads cultivation of pichia spp, fission yeast and wine yeast; In the fermented liquid that spreads cultivation of described pichia spp, fission yeast and wine yeast, yeast concentration is respectively 8.0x10
8-9.0x10
8individual/mL, 5.0x10
8-6.0x10
8individual/mL and 7.0x10
7-8.0x10
7individual/mL; The mass ratio that described pichia spp, fission yeast and wine yeast fermented liquid mix is 1-5:1-3:0.5-1.5;
Described mixing enzyme preparation parts by weight consist of: polygalacturonase 20-30 part, Pullulanase 10-15 part, cellulase 5-10 part, tannase 5-10 part, beta-glucanase 3-5 part, zytase 3-5 part, protease 3-5 part;
Described liquid microbe microbial inoculum is made up of the fermented liquid that spreads cultivation of aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) CGMCC NO.7927, aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) CGMCC3.316; Its fermented liquid cell concentration is 8.0x10
10-9.0x10
10individual/mL; The mass ratio that the fermented liquid that spreads cultivation of described aspergillus niger CGMCC NO.7927, aspergillus niger CGMCC3.316 mixes is 8-11:5-7;
Described Pesticidal and sterilizing adopts the water vapour of 100～120 ℃ to carry out Pesticidal and sterilizing processing at least 5 minutes, and such operation can guarantee organic validity.Described dry be by the dry materials after granulation to water content not higher than 12% of gross weight, this moisture content scope is more suitable.Described cooling be that dried material is cooled to 20～35 ℃.When described screening, granularity remains in 3～4.75mm standard, and such globule size is comparatively suitable, steady quality, and outward appearance is better, and is beneficial to dressing and uses.Described dressing adopts Synolac to carry out, and the coating effect of this resin is good, and the composite fertilizer obtaining has slow-releasing, is applicable to spreading fertilizer over the fields.
A preparation method for citrus peel residue compoiste fertilizer, comprises the steps:
(1) citrus peel residue deacidification
The citrus peel residue of getting compoiste fertilizer raw material total mass 50-60%, is crushed to granularity 3-5mm, and the deacidification yeast that adds citrus peel residue quality 0.5-1.2%, in the room temperature 24-72h that ferments, stirs once every 12h, until citrus peel residue pH value is down to 6-7;
Described citrus peel residue is the oranges and tangerines waste residue after industrialization is squeezed the juice, moisture content 60-80%, pH value < 4;
Described deacidification yeast is made up of the fermented liquid that spreads cultivation of pichia spp, fission yeast and wine yeast; In the fermented liquid that spreads cultivation of described pichia spp, fission yeast and wine yeast, yeast concentration is respectively 8.0x10
8-9.0x10
8individual/mL, 5.0x10
8-6.0x10
8individual/mL and 7.0x10
7-8.0x10
7individual/mL; The mass ratio that described pichia spp, fission yeast and wine yeast fermented liquid mix is 1-5:1-3:0.5-1.5;
(2) batch mixing
Citrus peel residue to step (1) after deacidification adds moisture adjuster, evenly mix, the addition of moisture adjuster is so that the moisture content of final mixture material is 50-60% is as the criterion, then evenly mix with the feces of livestock and poultry of moisture content 50-60%, the addition of feces of livestock and poultry is the residual mass of removing moisture adjuster quality in organic auxiliary material (40-50% of compoiste fertilizer raw material total mass);
Described moisture adjuster is one or more mixtures that mix with arbitrary proportion in the cheap organic matters such as the wheat stalk of pulverizing, rice straw, maize straw, husk, chaff shell, wood chip, the sweet wormwood slag obtaining after extracting Artemisinin, the vegetable seed slag obtaining after oil expression or seeds of a tung oil tree slag, the peat composed of rotten mosses, wheat bran, grinding particle size 2-5mm, the water content < 5% of described moisture adjuster;
Described organic auxiliary material is made up of feces of livestock and poultry and moisture adjuster;
Described feces of livestock and poultry is the mixture of chicken manure and pig manure, and mixing quality is than being 3-5:1-3;
(3) compost primary fermentation
The mixture that step (2) is processed adds the liquid microbe microbial inoculum of mixture quality 0.5-1% and the mixing enzyme preparation of 0.5-1.5%, evenly mix, pile up growth ridge, cover straw screen or mat and carry out compost enzymolysis and microorganism primary fermentation, in the time that temperature rises to 40-55 ℃, once, so turning completes compost primary fermentation for 1-2 time in (fermentation 2-3 days) turning;
Described liquid microbe microbial inoculum is made up of the fermented liquid that spreads cultivation of aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) CGMCC NO.7927, aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) CGMCC3.316; Its fermented liquid cell concentration is 8.0x10
10-9.0x10
10individual/mL; The mass ratio that the fermented liquid that spreads cultivation of described aspergillus niger CGMCC NO.7927, aspergillus niger CGMCC3.316 mixes is 8-11:5-7;
Described mixing enzyme preparation parts by weight consist of: polygalacturonase 20-30 part, Pullulanase 10-15 part, cellulase 5-10 part, tannase 5-10 part, beta-glucanase 3-5 part, zytase 3-5 part, protease 3-5 part;
(4) compost maturity
Add the described liquid microbe microbial inoculum of mixture quality 1-3% to the material of the middle compost primary fermentation of step (3), evenly mix, pile up growth ridge, cover straw screen or mat and carry out compost maturity, in the time that temperature rises to 65-70 ℃, once, so turning completes compost maturity 3-4 time in (fermentation 3-4 days) turning;
After described compost maturity, can also in deodorization groove, carry out deodorization processing, deodorization processing can be removed the bad smell of this composite fertilizer, makes gaseous emission more be beneficial to environmental protection, reduces atmospheric pollution.
(5) become thoroughly decomposed
Complete ripeness standard: odorless; Coffee-like; Temperature, below 40 ℃, and remains unchanged; After turning, no longer heat up; Complete ripeness pile water content is below 35%, and compost airing two days, makes compost moisture content drop to 20-30%.After having become thoroughly decomposed, the organic matter in compost finally reaches stable degree through charing, humification process, and germ and the parasitic ovum etc. of the inside is substantially killed under the leavening temperature of 65-70 ℃, now completed the preliminary making of fertilizer;
(6) allotment, packing
The fertilizer of step (5) fermentation maturity is accounted for to the proportioning that the total mass per-cent after interpolation is N:P:K=2.5～2.8%:0.12～0.16%:0.7～1.3% according to n-p-k element, add urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate batching, Pesticidal and sterilizing again, granulation, dry, cooling, screening, dressing makes citrus peel residue compoiste fertilizer.
Described Pesticidal and sterilizing adopts the water vapour of 100～120 ℃ to carry out Pesticidal and sterilizing processing at least 5 minutes, and such operation can guarantee organic validity.Described dry be by the dry materials after granulation to water content not higher than 12% of gross weight, this moisture content scope is more suitable.Described cooling be that dried material is cooled to 20～35 ℃.When described screening, granularity remains in 3～4.75mm standard, and such globule size is comparatively suitable, steady quality, and outward appearance is better, and is beneficial to dressing and uses.Described dressing adopts Synolac to carry out, and the coating effect of this resin is good, and the composite fertilizer obtaining has slow-releasing, is applicable to spreading fertilizer over the fields.
Described dry preferably employing is carried out in dryer, and its temperature in is 150 ℃, 40～45 ℃ of temperature outs, and this operation can realize dry object, also has effect of secondary Pesticidal and sterilizing simultaneously; Also can be dried again, specifically under 60 ℃ of constant temperatures, be dried at least 15 minutes, further to reduce water content, also can guarantee that its water content is not higher than 12% of gross weight simultaneously.Above-mentioned coating steps preferably adopts and in seed-coating machine, sprays Synolac and carry out dressing, and such operation is easy to use, laborsaving saving of labor.
Citrus peel residue compoiste fertilizer organic component content >=55% of preparing through aforesaid method, pH value 6.5-8.5, nitrogen phosphorus potassium total amount >=8%, moisture≤20%, contain the trace elements such as abundant boron, zinc, magnesium, other quality index is all better than the regulation of NY525-2012 " organic fertilizer ".
Aspergillus niger provided by the invention (Aspergillus niger) bacterial strain is specially bacterial strain aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) Li-2013-03 that produces high activity cellulase.This bacterial strain is preserved in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center on July 15th, 2013 and (is called for short CGMCC, address is: No. 3, No. 1, North Star West Road, Chaoyang District, city of BeiJing, China institute, postcode 100101), preserving number is CGMCC NO.7927.There is following microbial characteristic: 1, morphological feature: biology morphology comprises conidium, born of the same parents' stalk, top capsule, produces several parts such as born of the same parents' structure.Conidial head is spherical to Radiation, diameter 150-450 μ m, and conidiophore betides matrix.Born of the same parents obstruct stem 1000-3000 (length) × 12-20 (diameter) μ m, yellow or tawny, and wall is level and smooth; Spherical or the almost spherical of top capsule, diameter 45-75 μ m, surface can be educated comprehensively; Produce born of the same parents' structure bilayer, metulae 10-20 (length) × 4.5-7.0 (diameter) μ m, bottle stalk 6-10 (length) × 2.5-3.5 (diameter) μ m; conidium is spherical or subsphaeroidal; diameter 3-4.5 μ m, brown, wall is coarse.2, cultivate and learn feature: bacterial strain is grown rapidly on wort agar substratum, and 28 ℃ of 4 days spores can be paved with inclined-plane; Quality velvet shape or be slightly with cotton-shaped; Conidium structure is a large amount of, and brown-black, without transudate; Bacterium colony reverse side is slightly yellow.3, physiological and biochemical property: Aspergillus niger strain CGMCC No.7927 can grow in the carbon sources such as maize straw, straw, wood chip, potato, Semen Maydis powder, Zulkovsky starch, molasses, optimal pH scope 5-6, optimum growth temperature scope 28-33 ℃, the suitableeest product enzyme temperature range 28-30 ℃.
The triage techniques route of Aspergillus niger strain CGMCC No.7927 of the present invention is: experiment (leavening property mensuration) is measured → expanded to the preparation → mutagenic treatment → plate isolation → primary dcreening operation → multiple sieve → genetic stability of starting strain → slant culture → spore suspension.
Press mutagenesis screening scheme, mutant strain step-sizing is eliminated, finally to strain excellent through leavening property test screen, obtain a plant height and produce enzyme performance bacterial strain black-koji mould Aspergillus niger Li-2013-03, circumscribed beta-glucanase, Endo-β-glucanase, beta-glucosidase and the filter paper enzyme activity of cellulase after 96 hours that ferment reaches respectively 620U/mL, 1289U/mL, 456U/mL and 732U/mL.
Aspergillus niger CGMCC3.316 provided by the invention buys Bioteknologisk Institut in Beijing North Na Chuanlian, address: North Sanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City, postcode: 102228.
Described aspergillus niger CGMCC3.316 high yield tannase, polygalacturonase and cellulase, can in the carbon sources such as maize straw, straw, wood chip, potato, Semen Maydis powder, Zulkovsky starch, molasses, grow, optimal pH scope 5-6, optimum growth temperature scope 25-28 ℃, ferment after 72-96 hour in the crude enzyme liquid obtaining and contain plurality of enzymes, wherein, cellulase activity is that 2500U/mL, pectinase activity are that 1500U/mL, tannase vigor are 1000U/mL.
Beneficial effect:
1. the present invention adopts deacidification yeast to reduce the acidity in citrus peel residue; replace the existing method that adds unslaked lime to carry out deacidification; not only for the fermentation of postorder citrus peel residue enzymolysis and microorganism compost provides suitable yeasting; and increase the microorganism fermented bacterium of compost fermentation; improve enzymolysis and compost fermentation effect, prevented soil calcification and alkalization, be conducive to soil protection; avoid the secondary pollution producing because of fertilising, protected environment.
The present invention in compost primary fermentation process by adding a small amount of liquid microbe microbial inoculum temperature of charge that raise, add mixing enzyme preparation for the property of raw material of citrus peel residue simultaneously, effective biodegradable component in pectin, Mierocrystalline cellulose, carbohydrate and feces of livestock and poultry in citrus peel residue of thoroughly having degraded, be beneficial to the absorption of the rear Plant To Nutrient material of fertilising, raw material is fully utilized.
3. organic matter is rich in composite fertilizer of the present invention, its content exceedes 55%, pH value 6.5-8.5, nitrogen phosphorus potassium total amount >=8%, the humic acids being rich in organic matter, there is good soda acid resiliency, can effectively improve soil aggregate, improve soil cation exchange capacity (CEC), regulate soil pH value, improve preserving soil moisture ability, and can stimulate the activity of soil enzyme and beneficial microorganism to breed, and improve soil fertility structure, can effectively improve the activity of nutritive element, effect is better than single composite fertilizer, and N, P, K content meet the best demand of Ci trus growth.Therefore the compoiste fertilizer that the present invention develops adapts to the suitableeest standard of Ci trus growth, the nutrient contents such as N, P, K meet Ci trus growth best nutritional standard, after use, can improve the utilization ratio of fertilizer, reduce fertilizing management cost, also avoid the surplus waste of conventional composite fertilizer nutritive element.
4. the preparation method in the present invention has solved citrus peel residue and has processed a difficult problem.Its organic major part derives from oranges and tangerines and processes discarded tangerine slag, by processing such as using microbe deacidification, biological enzymolysis, microorganism compost fermentation, high-temperature disinsection heating sterilizings, this compoiste fertilizer of producing, there is the usefulness of recycle oranges and tangerines processing waste, carbon reduction, it is the another effective way that solves China's oranges and tangerines processing waste, meet the fundamental policy that national energy-saving subtracts carbon, really realized low-carbon (LC) production.
5. the present invention adopts the composite fertilizer that coated slow release technology obtains, and has slow-releasing, is applicable to spreading fertilizer over the fields, easy to use, laborsaving saving of labor, has avoided the processable fertilizer such as urea, spread fertilizer over the fields fine day volatilization, rainy day leaching waste, the chemical fertilizer labor cost of spreading manuer in holes is high, is difficult to the drawbacks such as popularization.
Embodiment
Below by specific embodiment narration the present invention.Unless stated otherwise, in the present invention, technique means used is method known in those skilled in the art.In addition, embodiment is interpreted as illustrative, but not limits the scope of the invention, and the spirit and scope of the invention are only limited by claims.To those skilled in the art, do not deviating under the prerequisite of essence of the present invention and scope various changes that the material component in these embodiments and consumption are carried out or change and also belong to protection scope of the present invention.
The preparation of embodiment 1 liquid microbe microbial inoculum
(1) the aspergillus niger CGMCC NO.7927 preparation of fermented liquid that spreads cultivation
By the slant strains of intact aspergillus niger CGMCC No.7927 through actication of culture and one-level, secondary, three grades of liquid seeds and seeding tank step by step enlarged culturing obtain liquid seeds, with 6% inoculum size access fermentor tank, 30 ℃ of culture temperature, stirring velocity 400rpm, ventilation (V/V) 1:2, incubation time 12h; Then with 2 ℃/h rate of temperature fall slow cooling to 12 ℃, constant temperature culture 18h; Continue with 2 ℃/h rate of temperature fall slow cooling to 3 ℃, now, liquid seeds is appended to access fermentor tank, constant temperature culture 24h with 4% inoculum size; Finally slowly be warming up to 12 ℃ with 2 ℃/h temperature rise rate, constant temperature culture 18h; Continue to be slowly warming up to 30 ℃ with 2 ℃/h temperature rise rate, constant temperature culture 18h obtains the fermented liquid that spreads cultivation;
Described slant medium consists of: casein food grade 4g, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 2g, magnesium chloride 0.6g, Repone K 0.8g, ferrous sulfate 0.02g, glucose 20g, agar 20g, distilled water l000mL, 5.8,121 ℃ of sterilizing 20min of pH value.
Described one-level, secondary, three grades of seed culture mediums consist of: dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 2g, magnesium chloride 0.6g, Repone K 0.8g, ferrous sulfate 0.02g, glucose 20g, trehalose 20g, distilled water l000mL, 5.5,121 ℃ of sterilizing 20min of pH value.
Described seed tank culture base consists of: Semen Maydis powder 55g, bean powder 20g, wheat bran 12g, fish meal 12g, calcium chloride 8g, ammonium chloride 2g, Sodium phosphate dibasic 2g, trehalose 20g, pure water l000mL, 6,121 ℃ of sterilizing 20min of pH value.
Described one-tenth fermention medium consists of: Semen Maydis powder 55g, bean powder 20g, wheat bran 12g, fish meal 12g, calcium chloride 8g, ammonium chloride 2g, Sodium phosphate dibasic 2g, trehalose 30g, pure water l000mL, 6,121 ℃ of sterilizing 20min of pH value.
Described fermented liquid cell concentration is 9.0x10
10individual/mL.
(2) the aspergillus niger CGMCC3.316 preparation of fermented liquid that spreads cultivation
By the slant strains of intact aspergillus niger CGMCC3.316 through actication of culture and one-level, secondary, three grades of liquid seeds and seeding tank step by step enlarged culturing obtain liquid seeds, with 10% inoculum size access fermentor tank, 28 ℃ of culture temperature, stirring velocity 300rpm, ventilation (V/V) 1:3, cultivates 96h and obtains the fermented liquid that spreads cultivation;
Described slant medium consists of: casein food grade 4g, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 2g, magnesium chloride 0.6g, Repone K 0.8g, ferrous sulfate 0.02g, glucose 20g, agar 20g, distilled water l000mL, 5.8,121 ℃ of sterilizing 20min of pH value.
Described one-level, secondary, three grades of seed culture mediums consist of: dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 2g, magnesium chloride 0.6g, Repone K 0.8g, ferrous sulfate 0.02g, glucose 20g, distilled water l000mL, 5.5,121 ℃ of sterilizing 20min of pH value.
Described seed tank culture base consists of: Semen Maydis powder 55g, bean powder 20g, wheat bran 12g, fish meal 12g, calcium chloride 8g, ammonium chloride 2g, Sodium phosphate dibasic 2g, pure water l000mL, 6,121 ℃ of sterilizing 20min of pH value.
Described fermention medium consists of: Semen Maydis powder 55g, bean powder 20g, wheat bran 12g, fish meal 12g, calcium chloride 8g, ammonium chloride 2g, Sodium phosphate dibasic 2g, pure water l000mL, 6,121 ℃ of sterilizing 20min of pH value.
Described fermented liquid cell concentration is 9.0x10
10individual/mL.
By the aspergillus niger CGMCC NO.7927 of above-mentioned preparation and aspergillus niger CGMCC3.316 spread cultivation fermented liquid in mass ratio 8-11:5-7 mix and obtain liquid microbe microbial inoculum.
Embodiment 2
A preparation method for citrus peel residue compoiste fertilizer, comprises the steps:
(1) citrus peel residue deacidification
The citrus peel residue of getting compoiste fertilizer raw material total mass 50%, is crushed to granularity 3mm, and the deacidification yeast that adds oranges and tangerines quality 0.5%, in the room temperature 72h that ferments, stirs once every 12h, until citrus peel residue pH value is down to 6;
Described citrus peel residue is the oranges and tangerines waste residue after industrialization is squeezed the juice, moisture content 60%, pH value 3.8;
Described deacidification yeast is made up of the fermented liquid that spreads cultivation of pichia spp, fission yeast and wine yeast; In the fermented liquid that spreads cultivation of described pichia spp, fission yeast and wine yeast, yeast concentration is respectively 9.0x10
8individual/mL, 6.0x10
8individual/mL and 8.0x10
7individual/mL; The mass ratio that described pichia spp, fission yeast and wine yeast fermented liquid mix is 5:3:1.5;
(2) batch mixing
It is 50% that citrus peel residue to step (1) after deacidification adds the wheat stalk, 3% rice straw of compoiste fertilizer raw material total mass 5% and 2% maize straw to regulate the moisture content of mixture, then evenly mixes with the chicken manure of compoiste fertilizer raw material total mass 30% and 10% pig manure;
The grinding particle size of described wheat stalk, rice straw, maize straw is 4mm, and water content is 4%;
The moisture content of described chicken manure and pig manure is 50%;
(3) compost primary fermentation
The mixture that step (2) is processed adds the liquid microbe microbial inoculum of mixture quality 0.5% and 0.5% mixing enzyme preparation, evenly mix, pile up growth ridge, cover straw screen or mat and carry out compost enzymolysis and microorganism primary fermentation, in the time that temperature rises to 55 ℃, once, so turning completes compost primary fermentation 1 time in turning;
Described liquid microbe microbial inoculum is made up of the fermented liquid that spreads cultivation of aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) CGMCC NO.7927, aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) CGMCC3.316; Its fermented liquid cell concentration is 9.0x10
10individual/mL; The mass ratio that the fermented liquid that spreads cultivation of described aspergillus niger CGMCC NO.7927, aspergillus niger CGMCC3.316 mixes is 11:7;
Described mixing enzyme preparation parts by weight consist of: 30 parts of polygalacturonases, 15 parts of Pullulanases, 10 parts of cellulases, 10 parts of tannases, 5 parts of beta-glucanases, 5 parts of zytases, 5 parts, proteolytic enzyme;
(4) compost maturity
The described liquid microbe microbial inoculum that adds mixture quality 3% to the material of the middle compost primary fermentation of step (3), evenly mixes, and piles up growth ridge, covers straw screen or mat and carries out compost maturity, and in the time that temperature rises to 65 ℃, once, so turning completes compost maturity 4 times in turning;
(5) become thoroughly decomposed
Complete ripeness heap compost airing two days, makes compost moisture content drop to 30%;
(6) allotment, packing
The fertilizer of step (5) fermentation maturity is accounted for to the proportioning that the total mass per-cent after interpolation is N:P:K=2.5～2.8%:0.12～0.16%:0.7～1.3% according to n-p-k element, add urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate batching, Pesticidal and sterilizing again, granulation, dry, cooling, screening, dressing makes citrus peel residue compoiste fertilizer.
Described Pesticidal and sterilizing adopts the water vapour of 120 ℃ to carry out Pesticidal and sterilizing and processes 5 minutes;
Described being dried is to carry out in dryer, and its temperature in is 150 ℃, 40～45 ℃ of temperature outs, and 60 ℃ of freeze-day with constant temperature 15min, are dried to water content not higher than 12% of gross weight;
Described cooling be that dried material is cooled to 35 ℃;
When described screening, granularity remains on 3～4.75mm;
Described dressing adopts Synolac to carry out, and the coating effect of this resin is good, and the composite fertilizer obtaining has slow-releasing, is applicable to spreading fertilizer over the fields.
The citrus peel residue compoiste fertilizer organic component content of preparing through aforesaid method is 55%, pH value 6.5, nitrogen phosphorus potassium total amount 8%, moisture content 12%, contain the trace elements such as abundant boron, zinc, magnesium, other quality index is all better than the regulation of NY525-2012 " organic fertilizer ".
Embodiment 3
A preparation method for citrus peel residue compoiste fertilizer, comprises the steps:
(1) citrus peel residue deacidification
The citrus peel residue of getting compoiste fertilizer raw material total mass 55%, is crushed to granularity 4mm, and the deacidification yeast that adds oranges and tangerines quality 0.8%, in the room temperature 36h that ferments, stirs once every 12h, until citrus peel residue pH value is down to 6;
Described citrus peel residue is the oranges and tangerines waste residue after industrialization is squeezed the juice, moisture content 70%, pH value 3.8;
Described deacidification yeast is made up of the fermented liquid that spreads cultivation of pichia spp, fission yeast and wine yeast; In the fermented liquid that spreads cultivation of described pichia spp, fission yeast and wine yeast, yeast concentration is respectively 9.0x10
8individual/mL, 5.0x10
8-6.0x10
8individual/mL and 7.0x10
7-8.0x10
7individual/mL; The mass ratio that described pichia spp, fission yeast and wine yeast fermented liquid mix is 3:2:1;
(2) batch mixing
Citrus peel residue to step (1) after deacidification adds the wheat stalk of compoiste fertilizer raw material total mass 4%, 3% rice straw, 3% maize straw, 2% husk, 2% chaff shell, 2% wood chip evenly to mix, regulating the moisture content of mixture is 55%, then evenly mixes with the chicken manure of compoiste fertilizer raw material total mass 19.3% and 9.7% pig manure;
The grinding particle size of described wheat stalk, rice straw, maize straw, husk, chaff shell and wood chip is 4mm, and water content is 4%;
The moisture content of described chicken manure and pig manure is 55%;
(3) compost primary fermentation
The mixture that step (2) is processed adds the liquid microbe microbial inoculum of mixture quality 0.8% and 1% mixing enzyme preparation, evenly mix, pile up growth ridge, cover straw screen or mat and carry out compost enzymolysis and microorganism primary fermentation, in the time that temperature rises to 50 ℃, once, so turning completes compost primary fermentation 2 times in turning;
Described liquid microbe microbial inoculum is made up of the fermented liquid that spreads cultivation of aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) CGMCC NO.7927, aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) CGMCC3.316; Its fermented liquid cell concentration is 9.0x10
10individual/mL; The mass ratio that the fermented liquid that spreads cultivation of described aspergillus niger CGMCC NO.7927, aspergillus niger CGMCC3.316 mixes is 9:6;
Described mixing enzyme preparation parts by weight consist of: 25 parts of polygalacturonases, 12 parts of Pullulanases, 8 parts of cellulases, 8 parts of tannases, 4 parts of beta-glucanases, 4 parts of zytases, 4 parts, proteolytic enzyme;
(4) compost maturity
The described liquid microbe microbial inoculum that adds mixture quality 2% to the material of the middle compost primary fermentation of step (3), evenly mixes, and piles up growth ridge, covers straw screen or mat and carries out compost maturity, and in the time that temperature rises to 68 ℃, once, so turning completes compost maturity 3 times in turning;
(5) become thoroughly decomposed
Complete ripeness heap compost airing two days, makes compost moisture content drop to 30%;
(6) allotment, packing
The fertilizer of step (5) fermentation maturity is accounted for to the proportioning that the total mass per-cent after interpolation is N:P:K=2.5～2.8%:0.12～0.16%:0.7～1.3% according to n-p-k element, add urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate batching, Pesticidal and sterilizing again, granulation, dry, cooling, screening, dressing makes citrus peel residue compoiste fertilizer.
Described Pesticidal and sterilizing adopts the water vapour of 120 ℃ to carry out Pesticidal and sterilizing and processes 5 minutes;
Described being dried is to carry out in dryer, and its temperature in is 150 ℃, 40～45 ℃ of temperature outs, and 60 ℃ of freeze-day with constant temperature 15min, are dried to water content not higher than 12% of gross weight;
Described cooling be that dried material is cooled to 35 ℃;
When described screening, granularity remains on 3～4.75mm;
Described dressing adopts Synolac to carry out, and the coating effect of this resin is good, and the composite fertilizer obtaining has slow-releasing, is applicable to spreading fertilizer over the fields.
The citrus peel residue compoiste fertilizer organic component content of preparing through aforesaid method is 58%, pH value 7, nitrogen phosphorus potassium total amount 10%, moisture content 12%, contain the trace elements such as abundant boron, zinc, magnesium, other quality index is all better than the regulation of NY525-2012 " organic fertilizer ".
Embodiment 4
A preparation method for citrus peel residue compoiste fertilizer, comprises the steps:
(1) citrus peel residue deacidification
The citrus peel residue of getting compoiste fertilizer raw material total mass 60%, is crushed to granularity 5mm, and the deacidification yeast that adds oranges and tangerines quality 1.2%, in the room temperature 24h that ferments, stirs once every 12h, until citrus peel residue pH value is down to 7;
Described citrus peel residue is the oranges and tangerines waste residue after industrialization is squeezed the juice, moisture content 80%, pH value 3.8;
Described deacidification yeast is made up of the fermented liquid that spreads cultivation of pichia spp, fission yeast and wine yeast; In the fermented liquid that spreads cultivation of described pichia spp, fission yeast and wine yeast, yeast concentration is respectively 8.0x10
8individual/mL, 5.0x10
8individual/mL and 7.0x10
7individual/mL; The mass ratio that described pichia spp, fission yeast and wine yeast fermented liquid mix is 1:1:0.5;
(2) batch mixing
It is 60% that citrus peel residue to step (1) after deacidification adds wheat stalk, 4% rice straw, 3% maize straw, 3% husk, 3% chaff shell, 3% wood chip, 2% the vegetable seed slag of compoiste fertilizer raw material total mass 4% to regulate the moisture content of mixture, then evenly mixes with the chicken manure of compoiste fertilizer raw material total mass 11.25% and 6.75% pig manure;
The grinding particle size of described wheat stalk, rice straw, maize straw, husk, chaff shell, wood chip, vegetable seed slag is 4mm, and water content is 4%;
The moisture content of described chicken manure and pig manure is 60%;
(3) compost primary fermentation
The mixture that step (2) is processed adds the liquid microbe microbial inoculum of mixture quality 1% and 1.5% mixing enzyme preparation, evenly mix, pile up growth ridge, cover straw screen or mat and carry out compost enzymolysis and microorganism primary fermentation, in the time that temperature rises to 40 ℃, once, so turning completes compost primary fermentation 2 times in turning;
Described liquid microbe microbial inoculum is made up of the fermented liquid that spreads cultivation of aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) CGMCC NO.7927, aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) CGMCC3.316; Its fermented liquid cell concentration is 8.0x10
10individual/mL; The mass ratio that the fermented liquid that spreads cultivation of described aspergillus niger CGMCC NO.7927, aspergillus niger CGMCC3.316 mixes is 8:5;
Described mixing enzyme preparation parts by weight consist of: 20 parts of polygalacturonases, 10 parts of Pullulanases, 5 parts of cellulases, 5 parts of tannases, 3 parts of beta-glucanases, 3 parts of zytases, protease 3 part;
(4) compost maturity
The described liquid microbe microbial inoculum that adds mixture quality 1% to the material of the middle compost primary fermentation of step (3), evenly mixes, and piles up growth ridge, covers straw screen or mat and carries out compost maturity, and in the time that temperature rises to 70 ℃, once, so turning completes compost maturity 3 times in turning;
(5) become thoroughly decomposed
Complete ripeness heap compost airing two days, makes compost moisture content drop to 30%;
(6) allotment, packing
The fertilizer of step (5) fermentation maturity is accounted for to the proportioning that the total mass per-cent after interpolation is N:P:K=2.5～2.8%:0.12～0.16%:0.7～1.3% according to n-p-k element, add urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate batching, Pesticidal and sterilizing again, granulation, dry, cooling, screening, dressing makes citrus peel residue compoiste fertilizer.
Described Pesticidal and sterilizing adopts the water vapour of 120 ℃ to carry out Pesticidal and sterilizing and processes 5 minutes;
Described being dried is to carry out in dryer, and its temperature in is 150 ℃, 40～45 ℃ of temperature outs, and 60 ℃ of freeze-day with constant temperature 15min, are dried to water content not higher than 12% of gross weight;
Described cooling be that dried material is cooled to 35 ℃;
When described screening, granularity remains on 3～4.75mm;
Described dressing adopts Synolac to carry out, and the coating effect of this resin is good, and the composite fertilizer obtaining has slow-releasing, is applicable to spreading fertilizer over the fields.
The citrus peel residue compoiste fertilizer organic component content of preparing through aforesaid method is 60%, pH value 7.5, nitrogen phosphorus potassium total amount 12%, moisture content 12%, contain the trace elements such as abundant boron, zinc, magnesium, other quality index is all better than the regulation of NY525-2012 " organic fertilizer ".
Claims (10)
1. a citrus peel residue compoiste fertilizer, is characterized in that, adopts the raw material preparation of following mass percent: citrus peel residue 50-60%, organic auxiliary material 40-50%;
Described organic auxiliary material is made up of feces of livestock and poultry and moisture adjuster;
Described moisture adjuster is one or more mixtures that mix with arbitrary proportion in the organic matters such as the wheat stalk of pulverizing, rice straw, maize straw, husk, chaff shell, wood chip, the sweet wormwood slag obtaining after extracting Artemisinin, the vegetable seed slag obtaining after oil expression or seeds of a tung oil tree slag, the peat composed of rotten mosses, wheat bran, grinding particle size 2-5mm, the water content < 5% of described moisture adjuster;
The preparation method of described citrus peel residue compoiste fertilizer is: the citrus peel residue of getting machine composite fertilizer material total mass 50-60%, be crushed to granularity 3-5mm, the deacidification yeast that adds citrus peel residue quality 0.5-1.2% is in the room temperature 24-72h that ferments, stir once every 12h, until citrus peel residue pH value is down to 6-7, then add moisture adjuster, evenly mix, regulate the moisture content of mixture to be 50-60% and evenly to mix with the feces of livestock and poultry of moisture content 50-60%, then add the liquid microbe microbial inoculum of mixture total mass 0.5-1% and the mixing enzyme preparation of 0.5-1.5%, evenly mix, pile up growth ridge, cover straw screen or mat and carry out compost enzymolysis and microorganism primary fermentation, in the time that temperature rises to 40-55 ℃, once, so turning completes compost primary fermentation for 1-2 time in turning, finally add the liquid microbe microbial inoculum of mixture total mass 1-3%, evenly mix, pile up growth ridge, cover straw screen or mat and carry out compost maturity, in the time that temperature rises to 65-70 ℃, turning once, so turning completes compost maturity 3-4 time, spread out, airing 2-3 days, natural air drying is to moisture content below 30%, account for according to n-p-k element the proportioning that the total mass per-cent after interpolation is N:P:K=2.5～2.8%:0.12～0.16%:0.7～1.3%, add urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate batching, Pesticidal and sterilizing again, granulation, dry, cooling, screening, dressing makes citrus peel residue compoiste fertilizer.
2. citrus peel residue compoiste fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described feces of livestock and poultry is the mixture of chicken manure and pig manure, and mixing quality is than being 3-5:1-3.
3. citrus peel residue compoiste fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described deacidification yeast is made up of the fermented liquid that spreads cultivation of pichia spp, fission yeast and wine yeast.
4. citrus peel residue compoiste fertilizer as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, in the fermented liquid that spreads cultivation of described pichia spp, fission yeast and wine yeast, yeast concentration is respectively 8.0x10
8-9.0x10
8individual/mL, 5.0x10
8-6.0x10
8individual/mL and 7.0x10
7-8.0x10
7individual/mL.
5. the citrus peel residue compoiste fertilizer as described in claim 3 or 4, is characterized in that, the mass ratio that described pichia spp, fission yeast and wine yeast fermented liquid mix is 1-5:1-3:0.5-1.5.
6. citrus peel residue compoiste fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described mixing enzyme preparation parts by weight consist of: polygalacturonase 20-30 part, Pullulanase 10-15 part, cellulase 5-10 part, tannase 5-10 part, beta-glucanase 3-5 part, zytase 3-5 part, protease 3-5 part.
7. citrus peel residue compoiste fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described liquid microbe microbial inoculum is made up of the fermented liquid that spreads cultivation of aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) CGMCC NO.7927, aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) CGMCC3.316; Its fermented liquid cell concentration is 8.0x10
10-9.0x10
10individual/mL.
8. citrus peel residue compoiste fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the mass ratio that the fermented liquid that spreads cultivation of described aspergillus niger CGMCC NO.7927, aspergillus niger CGMCC3.316 mixes is 8-11:5-7.
9. the preparation method of citrus peel residue compoiste fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described citrus peel residue compoiste fertilizer mainly adopts the organic auxiliary material preparation of citrus peel residue and the 40-50% of mass percent 50-60%;
Described organic auxiliary material is made up of feces of livestock and poultry and moisture adjuster;
Described feces of livestock and poultry is the mixture of chicken manure and pig manure, and mixing quality is than being 3-5:1-3;
Described moisture adjuster is one or more mixtures that mix with arbitrary proportion in the organic matters such as the wheat stalk of pulverizing, rice straw, maize straw, husk, chaff shell, wood chip, the sweet wormwood slag obtaining after extracting Artemisinin, the vegetable seed slag obtaining after oil expression or seeds of a tung oil tree slag, the peat composed of rotten mosses, wheat bran, grinding particle size 2-5mm, the water content < 5% of described moisture adjuster;
The preparation method of described citrus peel residue compoiste fertilizer is: the citrus peel residue of getting machine composite fertilizer material total mass 50-60%, be crushed to granularity 3-5mm, the deacidification yeast that adds citrus peel residue quality 0.5-1.2% is in the room temperature 24-72h that ferments, stir once every 12h, until citrus peel residue pH value is down to 6-7, then add moisture adjuster, evenly mix, regulate the moisture content of mixture to be 50-60% and evenly to mix with the feces of livestock and poultry of moisture content 50-60%, then add the liquid microbe microbial inoculum of mixture total mass 0.5-1% and the mixing enzyme preparation of 0.5-1.5%, evenly mix, pile up growth ridge, cover straw screen or mat and carry out compost enzymolysis and microorganism primary fermentation, in the time that temperature rises to 40-55 ℃, once, so turning completes compost primary fermentation for 1-2 time in turning, finally add the liquid microbe microbial inoculum of mixture total mass 1-3%, evenly mix, pile up growth ridge, cover straw screen or mat and carry out compost maturity, in the time that temperature rises to 65-70 ℃, turning once, so turning completes compost maturity 3-4 time, spread out, airing 2-3 days, natural air drying is to moisture content below 30%, account for according to n-p-k element the proportioning that the total mass per-cent after interpolation is N:P:K=2.5～2.8%:0.12～0.16%:0.7～1.3%, add urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate batching, Pesticidal and sterilizing again, granulation, dry, cooling, screening, dressing makes citrus peel residue compoiste fertilizer.
10. the preparation method of citrus peel residue compoiste fertilizer as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
(1) citrus peel residue deacidification
The citrus peel residue of getting compoiste fertilizer raw material total mass 60%, is crushed to granularity 5mm, and the deacidification yeast that adds oranges and tangerines quality 1.2%, in the room temperature 24h that ferments, stirs once every 12h, until citrus peel residue pH value is down to 7;
Described citrus peel residue is the oranges and tangerines waste residue after industrialization is squeezed the juice, moisture content 80%, pH value 3.8;
Described deacidification yeast is made up of the fermented liquid that spreads cultivation of pichia spp, fission yeast and wine yeast; In the fermented liquid that spreads cultivation of described pichia spp, fission yeast and wine yeast, yeast concentration is respectively 8.0x10
8individual/mL, 5.0x10
8individual/mL and 7.0x10
7individual/mL; The mass ratio that described pichia spp, fission yeast and wine yeast fermented liquid mix is 1:1:0.5;
(2) batch mixing
It is 60% that citrus peel residue to step (1) after deacidification adds wheat stalk, 4% rice straw, 3% maize straw, 3% husk, 3% chaff shell, 3% wood chip, 2% the vegetable seed slag of compoiste fertilizer raw material total mass 4% to regulate the moisture content of mixture, then evenly mixes with the chicken manure of compoiste fertilizer raw material total mass 11.25% and 6.75% pig manure;
The grinding particle size of described wheat stalk, rice straw, maize straw, husk, chaff shell, wood chip, vegetable seed slag is 4mm, and water content is 4%;
The moisture content of described chicken manure and pig manure is 60%;
(3) compost primary fermentation
The mixture that step (2) is processed adds the liquid microbe microbial inoculum of mixture quality 1% and 1.5% mixing enzyme preparation, evenly mix, pile up growth ridge, cover straw screen or mat and carry out compost enzymolysis and microorganism primary fermentation, in the time that temperature rises to 40 ℃, once, so turning completes compost primary fermentation 2 times in turning;
Described liquid microbe microbial inoculum is made up of the fermented liquid that spreads cultivation of aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) CGMCC NO.7927, aspergillus niger (Aspergillus niger) CGMCC3.316; Its fermented liquid cell concentration is 8.0x10
10individual/mL; The mass ratio that the fermented liquid that spreads cultivation of described aspergillus niger CGMCC NO.7927, aspergillus niger CGMCC3.316 mixes is 8:5;
Described mixing enzyme preparation parts by weight consist of: 20 parts of polygalacturonases, 10 parts of Pullulanases, 5 parts of cellulases, 5 parts of tannases, 3 parts of beta-glucanases, 3 parts of zytases, protease 3 part;
(4) compost maturity
The described liquid microbe microbial inoculum that adds mixture quality 1% to the material of the middle compost primary fermentation of step (3), evenly mixes, and piles up growth ridge, covers straw screen or mat and carries out compost maturity, and in the time that temperature rises to 70 ℃, once, so turning completes compost maturity 3 times in turning;
(5) become thoroughly decomposed
Complete ripeness heap compost airing two days, makes compost moisture content drop to 30%;
(6) allotment, packing
The fertilizer of step (5) fermentation maturity is accounted for to the proportioning that the total mass per-cent after interpolation is N:P:K=2.5～2.8%:0.12～0.16%:0.7～1.3% according to n-p-k element, add urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate batching, Pesticidal and sterilizing again, granulation, dry, cooling, screening, dressing makes citrus peel residue compoiste fertilizer;
Described Pesticidal and sterilizing adopts the water vapour of 120 ℃ to carry out Pesticidal and sterilizing and processes 5 minutes;
Described being dried is to carry out in dryer, and its temperature in is 150 ℃, 40～45 ℃ of temperature outs, and 60 ℃ of freeze-day with constant temperature 15min, are dried to water content not higher than 12% of gross weight;
Described cooling be that dried material is cooled to 35 ℃;
When described screening, granularity remains on 3～4.75mm;
Described dressing adopts Synolac to carry out.
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