CN105541422A - Humic fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Humic fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105541422A CN105541422A CN201510966177.1A CN201510966177A CN105541422A CN 105541422 A CN105541422 A CN 105541422A CN 201510966177 A CN201510966177 A CN 201510966177A CN 105541422 A CN105541422 A CN 105541422A
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- screw rod
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- humic
- humic acid
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
- C05F11/02—Other organic fertilisers from peat, brown coal, and similar vegetable deposits
Abstract
The invention discloses a humic fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, relates to the field of organic fertilizers, in particular to the field of humic fertilizers, and also relates to the preparation field of humic fertilizers at the same time. According to the preparation method disclosed by the invention, by virtue of a three-stage screw extruder, plant wastes together with coal gangues are subjected to crushing, mild enzymatic hydrolysis, and microbial fermentation to realize fast, efficient and continuous preparation of the humic fertilizer, the used equipment is simple, and the used raw materials are clean and environment-friendly, so that the humic fertilizer has a good economic prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to organic fertilizer field, particularly humic acid fertilizer field, also relate to the preparation field of organic fertilizer simultaneously.
Background technology
Humic acid, also known as work " humic acids ", is the chief component of soil ulmin, and it is the organic acid mixture that various molecular weights is different, type is different.Humic acid has important effect in agricultural, forestry, industry, environmental protection, aquaculture, even medicine and other fields, when being wherein applied in agriculture, forestry, humic acid fertilizer is as the one of organic fertilizer, can improve soil, synergy chemical fertilizer, strengthen stress resistance of plant, alleviate heavy metal pollution of soil corruption, use humic acid fertilizer is the important directions of agricultural sustainable development.
Humic acid is mainly divided into natural humus acid and artificial humic acid, wherein natural humus acid comprises soil humic acid, water body humic acid and coal humic acid, these three kinds of humic acid are generally all by obtaining from crude substance as extracted in soil, water body soil ulmin, coal, and therefore its limited source, cost are higher, resource acquisition difficulty is comparatively large, resource cannot reuse; Namely artificial humic acid is that nature is simulated or obtained to the method by manually preparing manufacturing the biological and chemical reaction occurred in the process of soil ulmin, obtains the soil ulmin containing humic acid with this.The method of artificial humic acid mainly comprises biological fermentation process, chemical synthesis, oxidation(reclaiming)process.Because the generation of the soil ulmin containing humic acid is series of complex, the biology that still cannot understand completely, mutually working in coordination with of chemical reaction, coordinate, the various effects such as suppression comprehensive, so chemical synthesis in people's making method and oxidation(reclaiming)process all need could obtain humic acid by the reaction process of complexity and harsh reaction conditions, be unfavorable for a large amount of productions of humic acid on the one hand, its humic acid quality obtained is also good not on the other hand, comparatively speaking, biological fermentation process is comparatively simple, the manufacture method that humic acid income is comparatively good, common prepare humic acid as stalk fermentation, bio-feritlizer fermentation is for humic acid etc., these methods are all by cultivating the microorganism being difficult to the macromolecular substance be degraded in raw material of can degrading under normal condition in the plant waste material such as biological waste material or stalk, and the chemical change process of complexity by microcosmic such as the katabolism of microorganism and anabolism, make the organic substance humify as raw material, thus obtained humic acid.
Current employing biological fermentation process manually prepare humic acid the many microorganisms excellent by seed selection of method, improve microorganism growth environment, regulate the pH value of matrix, regulate the methods such as temperature to improve preparation efficiency, but more have ignored the macromolecular substance come in matrix degradation only by microorganism in fermentable is the major reason having a strong impact on humic acid generating rate, simple employing fermentable, the process of acquisition humic acid 5 ~ 6 days at least, several months at most, therefore constrain the acquisition efficiency of humic acid.
Meanwhile, according to the feature of the biological fermentation process used at present, namely need to place the longer time at a certain temperature, therefore preparation process is normally according to batch to carry out, and then carries out another batch, do not occur the method for continuous production after completing one batch.
Summary of the invention
Based on above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art part, the present invention proposes a kind of method can preparing humic acid fertilizer fast, efficiently, continuously, and openly completes the equipment used required for described method and the humic acid fertilizer finally obtained simultaneously.
First the present invention proposes a kind of preparation method of humic acid fertilizer, described preparation method completes in three-stage screw forcing machine, described screw extrusion press comprises end to end first paragraph screw rod, second segment screw rod, the 3rd section of screw rod, wherein first paragraph screw speed is faster than second segment screw rod, second segment screw speed is faster than the 3rd section of screw rod, and its concrete preparation process is as follows:
1) raw material pulverizing
Be pulverize in first paragraph screw rod after 8:1 ~ 10:1 mixes in mass ratio by plant refuse and coal gangue, obtain base-material; First paragraph screw slenderness ratio 20:1-25:1, service temperature parameter is set as to discharge end by feed end: feeding section 1-3 district controls at 80-100 DEG C, 4-6 district of middle district controls at 100-90 DEG C, and 7-10 district, discharge zone controls at 90-80 DEG C, and screw speed is 200-400rpm;
2) slight enzymolysis
Described base-material enters second segment screw rod, water and pH adjusting agent is added in described base-material, base-material pH value is regulated to be 6.0 ~ 8.0, water content is 30 ~ 50%, and Mierocrystalline cellulose, lignin-degrading enzymes is added at 60 ~ 80 DEG C, base-material is extruded, makes described base-material carry out initial breakdown, obtain degraded polypropylene; Second segment screw slenderness ratio 35:1-48:1, service temperature parameter is set as to discharge end by feed end: feeding section 1-3 district controls at 60-70 DEG C, and 4-6 district of middle district controls at 70-80 DEG C, and 7-10 district, discharge zone controls at 60-70 DEG C; Screw speed is 100-150rpm;
3) fermentable
Described degraded polypropylene enters the 3rd section of screw rod, pH adjusting agent is added in degraded polypropylene, the pH value of described degraded polypropylene is regulated to be 4.0 ~ 6.0, add at 60-80 DEG C and described degraded polypropylene can be made to carry out humified microorganism, add the auxiliary promoting fermentative action and the nutritive substance promoting microbial reproduction if desired, 3rd section of screw slenderness ratio 55:1-60:1, service temperature parameter is set as to discharge end by feed end: feeding section 1-3 district controls at 60-70 DEG C, 4-6 district of middle district controls at 70-80 DEG C, and 7-10 district, discharge zone controls at 60-70 DEG C; Screw speed is 50-80rpm; Obtain basic humic material, basic humic material is taken out from the 3rd section of screw rod ventilation at 40 DEG C ~ 60 DEG C and deposit 2 ~ 3 days, obtain humic material;
A kind of preferred implementation of the preparation method of above-mentioned humic acid fertilizer is: the plant refuse in described step 1) comprises draft, the stem stalk of xylophyta, limb, root, rotten fruit, fruit stone, pericarp, drops or one or more in the blade that rots.
Its another kind of preferred implementation is: described step 2) in Mierocrystalline cellulose, lignin-degrading enzymes at least comprise in laccase, circumscribed beta-glucanase, Endo-β-glucanase and beta-glucosidase one or more.
Its another kind of preferred implementation is: the microorganism in described step 3) at least comprises milk-acid bacteria, bacillus acidocldarius, filamentous fungus, yeast.
The preparation method of described humic acid fertilizer, is characterized in that: step 1), 2), 3) described screw rod is parallel dual-screw extruding machine.
The preparation method of described humic acid fertilizer, it is characterized in that: the described base-material of step 1) enters second segment screw rod, add water and acetic acid wherein, base-material pH value is regulated to be 6.0 ~ 8.0, water content is 30 ~ 50%, and at 60 ~ 80 DEG C, add laccase, circumscribed beta-glucanase, Endo-β-glucanase and beta-glucosidase, make described base-material carry out initial breakdown, obtain degraded polypropylene;
The preparation method of described humic acid fertilizer, it is characterized in that: described degraded polypropylene enters the 3rd section of screw rod, add oxalic acid wherein, the pH value of described degraded polypropylene is regulated to be 4.0 ~ 6.0, milk-acid bacteria, bacillus acidocldarius, filamentous fungus, yeast is added at 60 ~ 80 DEG C, basic humic material is taken out from the 3rd section of screw rod ventilation at 40 DEG C ~ 60 DEG C and deposit 2 ~ 3 days, obtain humic material.
Present invention further proposes a kind of humic acid fertilizer, this humic acid fertilizer is the humic acid prepared by any one preparation method above-mentioned, or described humic acid and additional nitrogenous source, potassium source, the compound manure that obtains after the compound of phosphorus source.
Beneficial effect:
1) preparation method's single preparation time of humic acid fertilizer of the present invention is shorter, and the method prepared by the coordinating of plant refuse between raw material and coal gangue, slight enzymolysis and circulating can improve the preparation efficiency of humic acid;
2) preparation method's process of humic acid fertilizer of the present invention is brief, and the raw material of use is plant refuse, effectively can improve the recycle value of waste, have greater significance to environmental protection;
3) equipment that the present invention uses can carry out continuous production to humic acid, improves humic acid preparation efficiency, enables humic acid fertilizer scale of mass production.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the screw rod of a kind of three-stage screw forcing machine prepared in the equipment of humic acid fertilizer of the present invention, 21-first paragraph screw rod, 22-second segment screw rod, 23-the 3rd section of screw rod, 31-bearing;
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional schematic that another kind of the present invention prepares the three-stage screw forcing machine in the equipment of humic acid fertilizer, wherein 21-first paragraph screw rod, 22-second segment screw rod, 23-the 3rd section of screw rod, 41-gear.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
1) raw material pulverizing
The mishmash mix rice straw and apple core and coal gangue are that 8:1 constitutive material drops into (hereinafter referred to as screw extrusion press) in three-stage screw forcing machine according to mass ratio, pulverized, obtain base-material by first paragraph screw rod 21 to it;
2) slight enzymolysis
Described base-material enters second segment screw rod 22 from first paragraph screw rod 21, screw extrusion press makes the temperature of its inside corresponding with second segment screw rod 22 by water heating, add water and acetic acid wherein, base-material pH value is regulated to be 6.0, water content is 40%, thereafter the laccase that total mass is approximately 10% of raw materials quality is added again, circumscribed beta-glucanase, Endo-β-glucanase and beta-glucosidase, regulate the rotating speed of second segment screw rod 22, base-material is made to run to second segment screw rod 22 front from second segment screw rod 22 rear, described base-material obtains initial breakdown, obtain degraded polypropylene,
Above-mentioned laccase, circumscribed beta-glucanase, Endo-β-glucanase and beta-glucosidase for on the market buy obtain.
3) fermentable
Described degradation material enters the 3rd section of screw rod 23 from second segment screw rod 22, screw extrusion press makes its temperature with the 3rd section of inside that screw rod 23 is corresponding by water heating, add oxalic acid wherein, the pH value of described degraded polypropylene is regulated to be 4.0, thereafter milk-acid bacteria, bacillus acidocldarius, filamentous fungus, yeast is added, the total amount that above-mentioned mushroom adds is 10% of raw materials quality, regulate the rotating speed of the 3rd section of screw rod 23, make described degraded polypropylene run to the 3rd section of screw rod 23 from the 3rd section of screw rod 23 rear running, obtain basic humic material;
Above-mentioned milk-acid bacteria, bacillus acidocldarius, filamentous fungus, yeast all can on the market buy obtain;
Basic humic material leaves in hold-up vessel after taking out in the 3rd section of screw rod 23, and hold-up vessel keeps Heating temperature to be 60 DEG C, obtains humic material in hold-up vessel after depositing 2 days.
Embodiment 2
1) raw material pulverizing
The mishmash mix rice straw and fallen leaves and coal gangue are that 9:1 constitutive material drops in screw extrusion press according to mass ratio, pulverized, obtain base-material by first paragraph screw rod 21 to it;
2) slight enzymolysis
Described base-material enters second segment screw rod 22 from first paragraph screw rod 21, screw extrusion press makes the temperature of its inside corresponding with second segment screw rod 22 by water heating, add water and acetic acid wherein, base-material pH value is regulated to be 6.0, water content is 30%, thereafter the laccase that total mass is approximately 10% of raw materials quality is added again, circumscribed beta-glucanase, Endo-β-glucanase and beta-glucosidase, wherein laccase quality accounts for 60% of this several enzyme total mass, regulate the rotating speed of second segment screw rod 22, base-material is made to run to second segment screw rod 22 front from second segment screw rod 22 rear, described base-material obtains initial breakdown, obtain degraded polypropylene,
Above-mentioned laccase, circumscribed beta-glucanase, Endo-β-glucanase and beta-glucosidase for on the market buy obtain.
3) fermentable
Described degradation material enters the 3rd section of screw rod 23 from second segment screw rod 22, screw extrusion press makes its temperature with the 3rd section of inside that screw rod 23 is corresponding by water heating, add oxalic acid wherein, the pH value of described degraded polypropylene is regulated to be 4.0, thereafter milk-acid bacteria, bacillus acidocldarius, filamentous fungus, yeast is added, the total amount that above-mentioned mushroom adds is 10% of raw materials quality, regulate the rotating speed of the 3rd section of screw rod 23, make described degraded polypropylene run to the 3rd section of screw rod 23 from the 3rd section of screw rod 23 rear running, obtain basic humic material; Above-mentioned milk-acid bacteria, bacillus acidocldarius, filamentous fungus, yeast all can on the market buy obtain;
Basic humic material leaves in hold-up vessel after taking out in the 3rd section of screw rod 23, and hold-up vessel keeps Heating temperature to be 60 DEG C, obtains humic material in hold-up vessel after depositing 2 days.
Embodiment 3
1) raw material pulverizing
The mishmash mix fruit stone and bamboo limb and coal gangue are that 10:1 constitutive material drops in screw extrusion press according to mass ratio, pulverized, obtain base-material by first paragraph screw rod 21 to it;
2) slight enzymolysis
Described base-material enters second segment screw rod 22 from first paragraph screw rod 21, screw extrusion press makes the temperature of its inside corresponding with second segment screw rod 22 by water heating, add water and acetic acid wherein, base-material pH value is regulated to be 6.0, water content is 50%, thereafter the laccase that total mass is approximately 10% of raw materials quality is added again, circumscribed beta-glucanase, Endo-β-glucanase and beta-glucosidase, wherein laccase quality accounts for 20% of this several enzyme total mass, regulate the rotating speed of second segment screw rod 22, base-material is made to run to second segment screw rod 22 front from second segment screw rod 22 rear, described base-material obtains initial breakdown, obtain degraded polypropylene,
Above-mentioned laccase, circumscribed beta-glucanase, Endo-β-glucanase and beta-glucosidase for on the market buy obtain.
4) fermentable
Described degradation material enters the 3rd section of screw rod 23 from second segment screw rod 22, screw extrusion press makes its temperature with the 3rd section of inside that screw rod 23 is corresponding by water heating, add oxalic acid wherein, the pH value of described degraded polypropylene is regulated to be 5.0, thereafter milk-acid bacteria, bacillus acidocldarius, filamentous fungus, yeast is added, the total amount that above-mentioned mushroom adds is 10% of raw materials quality, regulate the rotating speed of the 3rd section of screw rod 23, make described degraded polypropylene run to the 3rd section of screw rod 23 from the 3rd section of screw rod 23 rear running, obtain basic humic material; Above-mentioned milk-acid bacteria, bacillus acidocldarius, filamentous fungus, yeast all can on the market buy obtain;
Basic humic material leaves in hold-up vessel after taking out in the 3rd section of screw rod 23, and hold-up vessel keeps Heating temperature to be 60 DEG C, obtains humic material in hold-up vessel after depositing 3 days.
Claims (8)
1. the preparation method of a humic acid fertilizer, it is characterized in that: described preparation method completes in three-stage screw forcing machine, described screw extrusion press comprises end to end first paragraph screw rod, second segment screw rod, the 3rd section of screw rod, wherein first paragraph screw speed is faster than second segment screw rod, second segment screw speed is faster than the 3rd section of screw rod, and its concrete preparation process is as follows:
Raw material pulverizing
Be pulverize in first paragraph screw rod after 8:1 ~ 10:1 mixes in mass ratio by plant refuse and coal gangue, first paragraph screw slenderness ratio 20:1-25:1, service temperature parameter is set as to discharge end by feed end: feeding section 1-3 district controls at 80-100 DEG C, 4-6 district of middle district controls at 100-90 DEG C, 7-10 district, discharge zone controls at 90-80 DEG C, screw speed is 200-400rpm, obtains base-material;
2) slight enzymolysis
Described base-material enters second segment screw rod, water and pH adjusting agent is added in described base-material, base-material pH value is regulated to be 6.0 ~ 8.0, water content is 30 ~ 50%, and Mierocrystalline cellulose, lignin-degrading enzymes is added at 60 ~ 80 DEG C, base-material is extruded, makes described base-material carry out initial breakdown, obtain degraded polypropylene; Second segment screw slenderness ratio 35:1-48:1, service temperature parameter is set as to discharge end by feed end: feeding section 1-3 district controls at 60-70 DEG C, and 4-6 district of middle district controls at 70-80 DEG C, and 7-10 district, discharge zone controls at 60-70 DEG C; Screw speed is 100-150rpm;
Fermentable
Described degraded polypropylene enters the 3rd section of screw rod, pH adjusting agent is added in degraded polypropylene, the pH value of described degraded polypropylene is regulated to be 4.0 ~ 6.0, add at 60-80 DEG C and described degraded polypropylene can be made to carry out humified microorganism, add the auxiliary promoting fermentative action and the nutritive substance promoting microbial reproduction if desired, 3rd section of screw slenderness ratio 55:1-60:1, service temperature parameter is set as to discharge end by feed end: feeding section 1-3 district controls at 60-70 DEG C, 4-6 district of middle district controls at 70-80 DEG C, and 7-10 district, discharge zone controls at 60-70 DEG C; Screw speed is 50-80rpm, obtains basic humic material, basic humic material is taken out from the 3rd section of screw rod ventilation at 40 DEG C ~ 60 DEG C and deposits 2 ~ 3 days, obtain humic material.
2. the preparation method of humic acid fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step 1), plant refuse comprises draft, the stem stalk of xylophyta, limb, root, rotten fruit, fruit stone, pericarp, drops or one or more in the blade that rots.
3. the preparation method of humic acid fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step 2) in Mierocrystalline cellulose, lignin degrading enzyme at least comprise in laccase, circumscribed beta-glucanase, Endo-β-glucanase and beta-glucosidase one or more.
4. the preparation method of humic acid fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the microorganism in described step 3) at least comprises milk-acid bacteria, bacillus acidocldarius, filamentous fungus, yeast.
5. the preparation method of humic acid fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that: step 1), 2), 3) described screw rod is parallel dual-screw extruding machine.
6. the preparation method of humic acid fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described base-material of step 1) enters second segment screw rod, add water and acetic acid wherein, base-material pH value is regulated to be 6.0 ~ 8.0, water content is 30 ~ 50%, and lignin degrading enzyme is added at 60 ~ 80 DEG C, make described base-material carry out initial breakdown, obtain degraded polypropylene.
7. the preparation method of humic acid fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described degraded polypropylene enters the 3rd section of screw rod, add oxalic acid wherein, the pH value of described degraded polypropylene is regulated to be 4.0 ~ 6.0, microorganism is added at 60 ~ 80 DEG C, basic humic material is taken out from the 3rd section of screw rod ventilation at 40 DEG C ~ 60 DEG C and deposit 2 ~ 3 days, obtain humic material.
8. a humic acid fertilizer, is characterized in that: the compound manure obtained after its humic acid prepared for the preparation method according to any one of claim 1 ~ 7 or described humic acid and additional nitrogenous source, potassium source, phosphorus source compound.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510966177.1A CN105541422A (en) | 2015-12-22 | 2015-12-22 | Humic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510966177.1A CN105541422A (en) | 2015-12-22 | 2015-12-22 | Humic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN105541422A true CN105541422A (en) | 2016-05-04 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106116795A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2016-11-16 | 胡运冲 | A kind of method that waste material utilized in tobacco leaf production prepares slow-release fertilizer |
| CN109354553A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-02-19 | 运城市海升农业发展有限公司 | One kind is with juice production humic acid water-soluble fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104370582A (en) * | 2014-11-04 | 2015-02-25 | 四川联星环保科技有限公司 | Organic garbage odorless aerobic composting method |
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| CN106116795A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2016-11-16 | 胡运冲 | A kind of method that waste material utilized in tobacco leaf production prepares slow-release fertilizer |
| CN109354553A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-02-19 | 运城市海升农业发展有限公司 | One kind is with juice production humic acid water-soluble fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20160504 |