CN103798118A - Experimental leaf vegetable water culture device - Google Patents
Experimental leaf vegetable water culture device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103798118A CN103798118A CN201410069524.6A CN201410069524A CN103798118A CN 103798118 A CN103798118 A CN 103798118A CN 201410069524 A CN201410069524 A CN 201410069524A CN 103798118 A CN103798118 A CN 103798118A
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- nutrient solution
- solution tank
- colonization
- planting
- leaf vegetable
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- 235000021384 green leafy vegetables Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 24
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000003501 hydroponics Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 235000015816 nutrient absorption Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 7
- 241000208822 Lactuca Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000003228 Lactuca sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004625 fertilizer experiment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002366 mineral element Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010496 root system development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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- Hydroponics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an experimental leaf vegetable water culture device, and belongs to devices for vegetable culture. The experimental leaf vegetable water culture device comprises a nutrient solution tank, a colonization plate, colonization cups and a circulating device, wherein the nutrient solution tank is of a box body structure, an opening is formed in the upper end of the box body structure, the colonization plate is matched with the opening in the upper end of the nutrient solution tank in shape and arranged in the opening in the upper end of the nutrient solution tank, a plurality of colonization holes are evenly distributed in the colonization plate, the area of an opening in the upper end of each colonization hole is smaller than that of an opening in the lower end of the corresponding colonization hole, the thickness of the position, at each colonization hole, of the colonization plate is at least two centimeters, the number of the colonization cups is more than one, the colonization cups are arranged in the nutrient solution tank below the colonization holes and correspond to the colonization holes respectively, an air outlet of the circulating device is formed in the nutrient solution tank, and an air inlet of the circulating device is communicated with air outside the nutrient solution tank. According to the experimental leaf vegetable water culture device, the root systems of vegetables can be immersed in a nutrient solution partially, and cannot be completely immersed in the nutrient solution, it is ensured that plants sufficiently absorb nutrients, sufficient oxygen can be provided for the root systems of the plants, and the contradiction between nutrient absorption and oxygen absorption in the process of traditional water culture of seedlings is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of vegetable culture devices, in particular to a leaf vegetable water culture device for experiments.
Background
In the research work of vegetable cultivation, researchers usually need to regulate and control the content and the proportion of mineral nutrient elements of vegetables. However, in conventional soil cultivation, the contents and existing forms of mineral elements in soil and the pH of soil are difficult to control. This presents a serious challenge to researchers when exploring the fertilizer requirements of vegetable crops. On the other hand, the fertilizer experiment performed for specific soil needs to be adjusted again when the fertilizer experiment is popularized to a region with different soil environments, and the popularization has great limitation.
At present, the vegetables can be cultured by adopting the water culture of the vegetables, the water culture of the vegetables refers to that the root systems of the vegetables are in direct contact with nutrient solution and grow by the supply of the nutrient solution, and the method is a relatively advanced soilless culture technology. The water culture technology has the advantages of balanced and sufficient nutrition supply, short growth period, high yield, more stubbles in a single year, no soil-borne diseases and the like. The existing vegetable water culture method in China mainly comprises the following steps: deep liquid flow method, nutrient solution membrane method and floating plate capillary method. Wherein, the deep liquid flow method is that the vegetable root system is soaked in a deeper (about 10 cm) nutrient solution layer through the device, and the nutrition is supplied to the vegetable root system uninterruptedly; the device mainly comprises a liquid storage tank, a water pump, a cultivation tank, a liquid conveying pipeline and a regulation and control system. The nutrient solution membrane method is to make the root system of the vegetable in a shallow (about 1 cm) circulating nutrient solution layer; and the nutrient solution intermittently flows from the liquid storage tank through the pipeline and then flows back to the liquid storage tank after flowing through the vegetable root system. The floating plate capillary method is to make vegetables grow on the planting plate floating on nutrient solution.
Plant root system submergence in nutrient solution among current deep liquid stream method causes it not to contact oxygen, causes the root system oxygen deficiency easily, and then influences root system development. When the nutrient solution membrane method is adopted for water culture, the nutrient solution is supplied intermittently, and the liquid layer is thin, so that the peripheral environment of the root system of the vegetable is unstable, the development of the root system is not facilitated, in addition, the structure is complex, and the plant wilting or even withering is often caused when sudden power failure or equipment failure occurs. In the application of the floating plate capillary method, the vegetable roots are often coiled on the non-woven fabric wrapping the customized plate, so that the nutrient absorption capacity of the vegetable roots is weakened.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an experimental leaf vegetable water culture device which can be used for efficiently and controllably cultivating leaf vegetables, is simple in structure, low in cost, simple to operate and beneficial to popularization, and therefore solves the problems that an existing vegetable water culture method is unstable and is not suitable for leaf vegetable cultivation.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides an experimental leaf vegetable hydroponic device, which comprises:
the device comprises a nutrient solution tank, a planting plate, a planting cup and a circulating device; wherein,
the nutrient solution tank is of a box body structure with an opening at the upper end;
the shape of the field planting plate is matched with the upper end opening of the nutrient solution tank and is arranged in the upper end opening of the nutrient solution tank, a plurality of field planting holes are uniformly distributed on the field planting plate, the area of the upper end opening of each field planting hole is smaller than that of the lower end opening, and the thickness of each field planting hole of the field planting plate is at least 2 cm;
the planting cups are multiple and are respectively and correspondingly arranged in the nutrient solution groove below the planting holes;
the air outlet of the circulating device is arranged in the nutrient solution tank, and the air inlet of the circulating device is communicated with the air outside the nutrient solution tank.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: through adopting the planting hole that upper end open area is less than lower extreme open area on the field planting board, the planting hole of this kind of specific shape cooperates with the planting cup in the nutrient solution groove of setting in the planting hole below, can make the partial submergence of root system of vegetables in the nutrient solution, and can not all submerge in the nutrient solution, when guaranteeing that the plant fully absorbs the nutrient, make the plant root system also can obtain sufficient oxygen supply, solved the contradiction of nutrient absorption and oxygen absorption in traditional water planting was grown seedlings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an experimental leaf vegetable hydroponics device provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a nutrient solution tank of an experimental leaf vegetable hydroponics device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a field planting plate of an experimental leaf vegetable hydroponics device provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a field planting hole on a field planting plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of distribution of field planting holes on a field planting plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a planting cup according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of a cylindrical sponge with an opening in a planting cup according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows an experimental leaf vegetable hydroponics device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, which includes: a nutrient solution tank 1, a planting plate 2, a planting cup 3 (shown in figure 6) and a circulating device 4;
wherein, the nutrient solution tank 1 is a box body structure with an opening at the upper end;
the shape of the field planting plate 2 is matched with the upper end opening of the nutrient solution tank 1 and is arranged in the upper end opening of the nutrient solution tank 1, a plurality of field planting holes 21 are uniformly distributed on the field planting plate 2, the area of the upper end opening of the field planting holes 21 is smaller than that of the lower end opening, and the thickness of the field planting holes of the field planting plate 2 is at least 2 cm;
a plurality of planting cups 3 are arranged, and each planting cup 3 is correspondingly arranged in the nutrient solution tank 1 below each planting hole 2;
the air outlet of the circulating device 4 is arranged in the nutrient solution tank 1, and the air inlet of the circulating device 4 is communicated with the air outside the nutrient solution tank.
In the device, the nutrient solution tank 1 is a box body made of rigid plastics, the side groove body of the nutrient solution tank 1 is provided with a scale 12 for marking the height of the nutrient solution in the tank body, and a user can observe the height of the nutrient solution conveniently through the scale 12, so that the consumption of the nutrient solution is determined. The bottom of the nutrient solution tank 1 is provided with a plurality of rollers 11 which are uniformly distributed, so that the nutrient solution tank is convenient to move. Specifically, the structure of the nutrient solution tank 1 is shown in fig. 2, and is a rigid plastic box with the length of 58.0cm, the width of 38.0cm and the height of 35.0 cm. The lower part of the box body is provided with rollers which are beneficial to the movement of the box body. The side of the nutrient solution groove is provided with a scale with scales, so that the nutrient solution consumption can be observed conveniently. The volume of the nutrient solution added to the position of 30.0cm is 66L.
In the device, the planting plate 2 is a foam plate with the thickness of at least 2 cm. Specifically, the planting plate 2 is a perforated foam plate with a structure shown in fig. 3, the length of the plate is 58.0cm, the thickness of the plate is 2.4cm, the width of the plate is 36.0cm, the orifice of the planting hole 21 is in a truncated cone shape with a narrow upper part and a wide lower part (see fig. 4), the diameter of the orifice of the upper surface is 3.8cm, and the diameter of the orifice of the lower surface is 5.0 cm. The orifices are in three rows with a minimum of 9.0cm from the plate edge and a hole spacing of 20.0cm or 13.5cm (see FIG. 5).
In the device, the opening of each planting cup 3 is provided with a cup edge; the planting cup is internally provided with a cylindrical sponge 22 with an opening 221 in the middle, and the cylindrical sponge 22 is formed by connecting two semi-cylindrical sponges which can be separated or buckled at one side. Specifically, the planting cup 3 is matched with the planting hole on the planting plate 2, the structure of the planting cup is shown in figure 6, the outer diameter of the cup mouth is 4.6cm, the inner diameter is 3.3cm, the height is 3.3cm, and the diameter of the bottom is 2.8 cm. Each cup is fitted with a cylindrical sponge 22 (see FIG. 7) with an opening 221 in the middle to help hold the plants, the sponge being 3.3cm in height and 3.3cm in diameter.
In the device, the circulating device 4 consists of a submersible oxygen pump and a timing switch for controlling the submersible oxygen pump; wherein, dive oxygen pump sets up in the nutrient solution groove, dive oxygen pump's air inlet and the air intercommunication outside the nutrient solution groove, dive oxygen pump's gas outlet setting is in the nutrient solution groove, apart from the bottom 10.0cm of nutrient solution groove. Specifically, each nutrient solution tank is provided with a submersible oxygen pump, the power of the submersible oxygen pump is 15W, and the center of an air (liquid) outlet is positioned at a position 10.0cm away from the bottom of the nutrient solution tank. Each group of nutrient solution tanks share a timing switch. The timing switch turns on or off the submersible oxygen pump every 30 minutes.
The leaf vegetable hydroponics device of the present invention will be further described with reference to specific application procedures.
The use process is explained by taking the device for cultivating lettuce as an example:
the device can directly grow seedlings by using the planting cup and can also use seedlings cultivated by using the traditional matrix.
(1) Seedling in a planting cup:
selecting seeds of good varieties of lettuce for soaking seeds and accelerating germination. When the length of the bud is 1mm, 1 seed is taken and sowed in the soaked sponge block. The sponge block is then carefully placed in the implantation cup. The cups are then placed in a tray containing water or culture medium. The tray was allowed to hold a liquid layer of about 1 cm. After the cotyledons protrude out of the sponge, the seedlings are exposed to light. The seedlings can grow to 4-5 true leaves in about 30 days.
(2) Transplanting seedlings:
and adding the prepared nutrient solution to a scale mark of 30.0cm in a nutrient solution groove. And opening the circulating device for 15 minutes to uniformly mix the nutrient solution in the nutrient solution tank.
When the planting cup is used for directly growing seedlings, lettuce seedlings cultured to 4-5 true leaves can be directly placed into the planting holes together with the planting cup. If the seedlings are bred by using the traditional matrix, carefully taking the lettuce seedlings cultivated to 4-5 true leaves out of the hole tray, gently washing off the matrix in water, clamping the seedlings in the sponge block, carefully putting the sponge block into the planting cup, and allowing the root systems of the seedlings to pass through the lower orifice of the planting cup. The planting cup can then be placed into the planting hole. The seedlings cultured by using the traditional matrix need to be revived for 1-2 days after being transplanted.
And (4) slightly floating the field planting plate with the well placed field planting cup on nutrient solution, and normally starting the submersible oxygen pump and the timing switch. The lettuce seedlings can be harvested after being planted for 40 days.
According to the experimental leaf vegetable water culture device, the difference between the height of the planting cup and the thickness of the planting plate is utilized, and the planting hole with a special shape with a small upper part and a large lower part is matched, so that the root system of the vegetable can be partially immersed in the nutrient solution (the root system of the vegetable in the planting hole can not be immersed in the nutrient solution), and the root system of the plant can be sufficiently supplied with oxygen while the plant can fully absorb nutrients. Solves the contradiction between nutrient absorption and oxygen absorption in the traditional water culture seedling culture. Secondly, the experimental leaf vegetable water culture device provided by the invention utilizes the circulating oxygen pump to increase the dissolved oxygen of the nutrient solution and simultaneously keep the concentration of the nutrient solution uniform. The problem of nutrient solution concentration inequality that probably appears in traditional hydroponics device has been avoided. Finally, the present invention increases the depth of the liquid layer, which also increases the total amount of nutrient solution. The continuous supply capacity of the water culture device for nutrients required by the growth of vegetables is increased while the concentration of the nutrient solution is not increased. In a normal growth cycle of the leafy vegetables, the concentration of the nutrient solution can be maintained at 90-110% of the original concentration. The operation of replacing nutrient solution of the traditional water culture device is omitted, and the workload is greatly reduced. Meanwhile, the large capacity of the nutrient solution tank is reduced by a complex external circulating device of the traditional water culture device, so that the cost of the device is reduced, and the maintenance of the device is also reduced. The experimental leaf vegetable water culture device is simple in structure, convenient to operate and low in cost, can well control the mineral nutrition supply condition in vegetable growth, and has high popularization value and application prospect.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a leaf class vegetable hydroponics device for experiments which characterized in that includes:
the device comprises a nutrient solution tank, a planting plate, a planting cup and a circulating device; wherein,
the nutrient solution tank is of a box body structure with an opening at the upper end;
the shape of the field planting plate is matched with the upper end opening of the nutrient solution tank and is arranged in the upper end opening of the nutrient solution tank, a plurality of field planting holes are uniformly distributed on the field planting plate, the area of the upper end opening of each field planting hole is smaller than that of the lower end opening, and the thickness of each field planting hole of the field planting plate is at least 2 cm;
the planting cups are multiple and are respectively and correspondingly arranged in the nutrient solution groove below the planting holes;
the air outlet of the circulating device is arranged in the nutrient solution tank, and the air inlet of the circulating device is communicated with the air outside the nutrient solution tank.
2. The experimental leaf vegetable hydroponics device of claim 1, wherein the planting plate is a foam plate having a thickness of at least 2 cm.
3. The experimental leaf vegetable hydroponics device of claim 1, wherein a rim is provided at an opening of each planting cup;
a cylindrical sponge with an opening in the middle is arranged in the planting cup.
4. An experimental leaf vegetable hydroponics device according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the mouth of the planting cup has an outer diameter of 4.6cm, an inner diameter of 3.3cm, a height of 3.3cm and a bottom diameter of 2.8 cm.
5. The experimental leaf vegetable hydroponics device of claim 3, wherein the cylindrical sponge is formed by connecting two semi-cylindrical sponges which can be separated or buckled at one side.
6. An experimental leaf vegetable hydroponics device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the nutrient solution tank is a box made of rigid plastic, and a scale for marking the height of the nutrient solution in the tank body is arranged on the side tank body of the nutrient solution tank.
7. An experimental leaf vegetable hydroponics device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the bottom of the nutrient solution tank is provided with a plurality of rollers which are evenly distributed.
8. An experimental leaf vegetable hydroponics device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the circulation device consists of a submersible oxygen pump and a time switch for controlling the submersible oxygen pump; wherein, dive oxygen pump sets up in the nutrient solution groove, dive oxygen pump's air inlet with the air intercommunication outside the nutrient solution groove, dive oxygen pump's gas outlet sets up in the nutrient solution groove, apart from the bottom 10.0cm of nutrient solution groove.
Priority Applications (1)
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410069524.6A CN103798118A (en) | 2014-02-27 | 2014-02-27 | Experimental leaf vegetable water culture device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410069524.6A CN103798118A (en) | 2014-02-27 | 2014-02-27 | Experimental leaf vegetable water culture device |
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| CN103798118A true CN103798118A (en) | 2014-05-21 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103999757A (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2014-08-27 | 河南科技大学 | Novel plant solution incubator |
| CN104663412A (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2015-06-03 | 上海赋民农业科技有限公司 | Fruit type vegetable growing system |
| CN104663415A (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2015-06-03 | 上海赋民农业科技有限公司 | Portable vegetable and fruit growth system |
| CN105284580A (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2016-02-03 | 锡山区先锋家庭农场 | Hydroponic plant cultivation device |
| CN106134967A (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2016-11-23 | 青岛海尔股份有限公司 | Beat oxygen module and there is the ecologic planting case of this dozen of oxygen modules |
| CN107089734A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2017-08-25 | 华中农业大学 | Based on CO2Absorb the biogas slurry treatment System and method for vegetable hydroponic cooperative disposal |
| CN107173206A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2017-09-19 | 卒子科技（深圳）有限公司 | An ultra shallow liquid layer tide planting method |
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| CN106134967A (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2016-11-23 | 青岛海尔股份有限公司 | Beat oxygen module and there is the ecologic planting case of this dozen of oxygen modules |
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