CN107637504A - A kind of tidal type cultivation apparatus without soil, system and soilless culture method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a tidal type soilless cultivation device, which comprises a cultivation container, an isolation part, a liquid inlet pipe, a liquid return pipe and an overflow pipe; the isolation part is provided with screen holes, and the liquid inlet pipe and the overflow pipe are arranged at the bottom of the cultivation container. In the upper part, the liquid return pipe is arranged at the lower part of the cultivation container. The invention also discloses a tidal soilless cultivation system and a soilless cultivation method. The tidal soilless cultivation device, system and soilless cultivation method provided by the present invention can meet the needs of the crop root system for nutrition, oxygen and water, and can evenly supply liquid to the substrate, clean the salt content of the substrate, and promote the health of the crop root system It grows to form an ideal yield, avoiding the problem of pipe (drip arrow) blockage caused by the crystallization of nutrient solution or impurities in the nutrient solution when using dripping arrows and drippers in conventional substrate cultivation.

Description

A tidal type soilless cultivation device, system and soilless cultivation method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of soilless cultivation, in particular to a tidal type soilless cultivation device, a tidal type soilless cultivation system and a soilless cultivation method.

Background technique

The tidal soilless cultivation device is a new type of soilless cultivation device developed on the basis of the liquid storage and gas storage type soilless cultivation device.

The liquid storage and gas storage soilless cultivation device is a new type of soilless cultivation suitable for melon and fruit vegetable cultivation developed in the early 21st century. Its special structure can well adjust the three-phase balance of solid, gas and liquid in the rhizosphere of vegetables. , to solve the contradiction between rhizosphere liquid supply and oxygen supply in soilless cultivation, and the nutrient solution layer at the bottom of the device can continuously supply sufficient nutrient solution and water to the plants within a certain period of time, so that the plants can grow robustly and achieve ideal yields.

However, the drip irrigation system drip arrows or gravity drippers supporting the liquid storage and gas storage soilless cultivation device will be blocked due to the crystallization of the nutrient solution salt or impurities in the nutrient solution, which will affect the uniform supply of the nutrient solution.

According to the actual survey, it is not only the liquid storage and gas storage soilless cultivation device, but also in all types of matrix soilless cultivation systems, including bag cultivation, rock wool cultivation, etc. The drop arrow is blocked due to the precipitation of nutrient solution salt or impurities.

In the past, the measures to solve this problem in production were to remove the dripping arrows, drippers, capillaries, etc., soak them in acid solution, scrub them, and then reinstall them for use. In order to ensure the normal supply of nutrient solution, it needs to be cleaned several times.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a tidal type soilless cultivation device, a tidal type soilless cultivation system and a soilless cultivation method, which solves the problem of dripping arrows or drippers in the existing soilless cultivation system. The problem of easy blockage has the characteristics of reasonable structure, easy assembly, low investment and easy operation.

Concrete technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

The present invention provides a tidal soilless cultivation device in a first aspect, the device comprises a cultivation container, an isolation part, a liquid inlet pipe, a liquid return pipe and an overflow pipe; The water pipe is arranged on the upper part of the cultivation container, and the liquid return pipe is arranged on the lower part of the cultivation container.

Preferably, the isolation part is configured to divide the cultivation container into two parts, the first part is used to accommodate the cultivation substrate, the second part is used to accommodate air and liquid, and the central area of the first part extends to the bottom of the cultivation container until it is in contact with the bottom. touch.

In a preferred embodiment, the isolation component is a net core, which is a ring-shaped top hat-shaped structure with a cup-shaped structure in the middle, and the space enclosed by the top hat-shaped structure and the upper part of the cultivation container is used for accommodating cultivation. The matrix, the space enclosed by the hat-shaped structure and the lower part of the cultivation container is used to accommodate air and liquid, wherein the liquid level of the liquid is not higher than the opening height of the liquid return pipe on the cultivation container.

Preferably, the aforementioned liquid is water and/or nutrient solution. The cultivation substrate is preferably a gardening substrate or coconut bran or the like.

In a preferred embodiment, the surface of the annular portion of the top hat-shaped structure is covered with a dense mesh or silk cloth thin layer for supporting the cultivation substrate, and the thin layer does not affect the passage of liquid and air.

Preferably, the above-mentioned tidal soilless cultivation device further includes a nutrient solution pool, and the liquid inlet pipe, the overflow pipe and the liquid return pipe are arranged to be independently connected to the nutrient solution pool. That is to say, the overflow pipe system and the liquid return pipe system are two sets of independent pipe systems, otherwise, the overflowing nutrient solution will not enter the nutrient solution pool due to the closure of the liquid return pipe.

In a preferred embodiment, the above-mentioned cultivation container is a cultivation bucket.

Preferably, the liquid flow in the liquid inlet pipe is set to be smaller than the liquid flow in the overflow pipe, so as to prevent the nutrient solution from overflowing from the upper edge of the cultivation container when the liquid inlet speed is greater than the overflow speed.

In the second aspect, the present invention also provides a tidal soilless cultivation system, which is formed by connecting the above tidal soilless cultivation devices in parallel.

Preferably, the above-mentioned tidal soilless cultivation system includes more than one tidal soilless cultivation device. When in use, several tidal type soilless cultivation devices are connected in parallel to form a system, and the devices are arranged in several rows, and each row is equipped with several A device, the liquid inlet pipe, overflow pipe and liquid return pipe on each cultivation container of each row of devices are respectively connected to the liquid inlet branch pipe, overflow water branch pipe and liquid return branch pipe, and the liquid inlet branch pipe, overflow water branch pipe and liquid return branch pipe are connected respectively To the liquid inlet main pipe, overflow water main pipe and liquid return main pipe, the liquid inlet main pipe, overflow water main pipe and liquid return main pipe are connected to the nutrient solution pool.

In a preferred embodiment, a water pump and a filter are arranged on the liquid inlet pipe, and a solenoid valve is arranged on the liquid return pipe.

The present invention provides a method for soilless cultivation in a third aspect, the method uses the above-mentioned single set of tidal type soilless cultivation device, comprising the following steps:

Step 1. Plant seeds are sown in the cultivation container of the tidal type soilless cultivation device, or plant seedlings are transplanted into the cultivation container of the tidal type soilless cultivation device;

Step 2. After the plant seeds emerge or the plant seedlings are slowed down, carry out tidal irrigation; the specific steps are as follows: close the liquid return pipe, open the liquid inlet pipe, let the water and/or nutrient solution flow into the cultivation container, and the liquid level rises to overflow. Water pipe position, excess water and/or nutrient solution flows from the overflow pipe.

Preferably, the above steps also include: when the liquid level of the water and/or nutrient solution reaches the position of the overflow pipe, close the liquid inlet pipe, stop the liquid inlet, and keep it for a period of time until the water and/or nutrient solution saturates the cultivation substrate or reaches When cultivating plants require nutrients, the liquid return pipe is opened to allow water and/or nutrient solution to be discharged by gravity.

Preferably, the liquid flow in the liquid inlet pipe is set to be smaller than the liquid flow in the overflow pipe, so as to prevent the nutrient solution from overflowing from the upper edge of the cultivation container when the liquid inlet speed is greater than the overflow speed.

The present invention also provides a soilless cultivation method, which uses the above-mentioned tidal soilless cultivation device with a nutrient solution pool, comprising the following steps:

Step 1. Plant seeds are sown in the cultivation container of the tidal type soilless cultivation device, or plant seedlings are transplanted into the cultivation container of the tidal type soilless cultivation device;

Step 2. After the plant seeds emerge or the plant seedlings are slowed down, carry out tidal irrigation; the specific steps are as follows: close the liquid return pipe, open the liquid inlet pipe, let the water and/or nutrient solution flow into the cultivation container, and the liquid level rises to overflow. The position of the water pipe, excess water and/or nutrient solution flows out from the overflow pipe and enters the nutrient solution pool.

Preferably, the above steps also include: when the liquid level of the water and/or nutrient solution reaches the position of the overflow pipe, close the liquid inlet pipe, stop the liquid inlet, and keep it for a period of time until the water and/or nutrient solution saturates the cultivation substrate or reaches When cultivating plants require nutrients, the liquid return pipe is opened to allow water and/or nutrient solution to flow back to the nutrient solution pool by gravity.

Preferably, the liquid flow in the liquid inlet pipe is set to be smaller than the liquid flow in the overflow pipe, so as to prevent the nutrient solution from overflowing from the upper edge of the cultivation container when the liquid inlet speed is greater than the overflow speed.

The present invention also provides a soilless cultivation method using the above-mentioned tidal soilless cultivation system, comprising the following steps:

Step 1. Plant seeds are sown in the cultivation container of the tidal type soilless cultivation device, or plant seedlings are transplanted into the cultivation container of the tidal type soilless cultivation device;

Step 2. After the plant seeds emerge or the plant seedlings are slowed down, carry out tidal irrigation; the specific steps are as follows: close the liquid return main pipe, open the liquid inlet main pipe, let the water and/or nutrient solution flow into each cultivation container, and the liquid level is uniform. Rising to the position of the overflow pipe, excess water and/or nutrient solution flows out from the overflow main pipe and enters the nutrient solution pool.

Preferably, the above steps also include: when the water and/or nutrient solution levels of all tidal soilless cultivation devices reach the position of the overflow pipe, close the main liquid inlet pipe, stop the liquid inlet, keep it for a period of time, wait for the water and When/or the nutrient solution saturates the cultivation medium or reaches the nutrients required by the cultivated plants, open the liquid return main pipe to make the water and/or nutrient solution flow back to the nutrient solution pool by gravity. Through this irrigation method, the cultivation medium in the device can be saturated to absorb the nutrient solution, which not only meets the needs of the crops for the nutrient solution, but also avoids the dripping arrows and drippers of the traditional substrate cultivation system caused by the crystallization of the nutrient solution or impurities. (Drop arrow) The problem of clogging provides a new type of cultivation device system for the promotion of soilless cultivation.

Preferably, the liquid flow in the above-mentioned liquid inlet pipe, liquid inlet branch pipe and liquid inlet main pipe is set to be smaller than the liquid flow in the overflow pipe, overflow water branch pipe and overflow water main pipe respectively, so as to avoid the nutrient solution from The top edge of the planting container overflows.

In a preferred embodiment, a water pump and a filter are arranged on the liquid inlet main pipe, and a solenoid valve is arranged on the liquid return main pipe.

The advantages of the present invention are: on the one hand, the internal structure of the device or system is reasonably designed, which can meet the needs of the root system for nutrition, water, and air, and ensure the healthy growth of crops; on the other hand, it is designed with a "tidal" irrigation system to ensure uniformity of the substrate Sufficient liquid supply to achieve sufficient supply of fertilizer and water for crops; in the middle and late stages of growth, the device can also be filled with nutrient solution for soaking to achieve the purpose of washing salt from the substrate; the device system is suitable for various fruits, melons, vegetables, dwarf fruit trees, Potted flower cultivation can be used for family cultivation in a single set, or multiple sets can be combined for cultivation in greenhouses, greenhouses and other facilities. Through this soilless cultivation method, the cultivation substrate in the device can be saturated to absorb the nutrient solution, which not only meets the needs of the crops for the nutrient solution, but also avoids the drop arrows and drippers of the traditional substrate cultivation system due to the crystallization of the nutrient solution. Impurities cause the problem of blockage of pipes (drop arrows), which provides a new type of cultivation device system for the promotion of soilless cultivation.

It should be understood that within the scope of the present invention, the above-mentioned technical features of the present invention and the technical features specifically described in the following (such as embodiments) can be combined with each other to form new or preferred technical solutions. Due to space limitations, we will not repeat them here. Therefore, all equivalents or modifications that do not deviate from the principles disclosed in the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in order to fully illustrate the purpose, technical features and technical effects of the present invention.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 shows the structural representation of a kind of tidal type soilless cultivation device in the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a tidal soilless cultivation system in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Reference signs:

1-Cultivation container 2-Isolation part 3-Overflow pipe 31-Overflow branch pipe 32-Overflow main pipe 4-Cultivation substrate 5-Air 6-Liquid return pipe 61-Liquid return branch pipe 62-Liquid return main pipe 7-Inlet pipe 71-Inlet Liquid branch pipe 72-inlet main pipe 8-water and/or nutrient solution 9-nutrient solution pool 10-water pump 11-filter 12-solenoid valve

detailed description

The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

A single set of tidal soilless cultivation device suitable for family balconies is provided in this embodiment. Its structure is shown in Figure 1. A single set of tidal soilless cultivation device includes a cultivation container 1, an isolation part 2, an overflow pipe 3, a liquid return pipe 6 and a liquid inlet pipe 7; the liquid inlet pipe 7 and the overflow pipe 3 are arranged on the upper part of the cultivation container 4, and the liquid return pipe 6 is arranged at the bottom of the cultivation container 4; the isolation part 2 is preferably a net core, which is a ring-shaped top hat-shaped structure with a cup-shaped structure in the middle, and the space enclosed by the top hat-shaped structure and the upper part of the cultivation container 1 is used to accommodate Cultivation substrate 4, the space enclosed by the top hat-shaped structure and the lower part of the cultivation container 1 is used to accommodate air 5 and liquid (water and/or nutrient solution 8), and the liquid level height of the liquid is not higher than the liquid return pipe in the cultivation container 1 The height of the opening above. The liquid flow rate in the liquid inlet pipe 7 is set to be less than the liquid flow rate in the overflow pipe 3, which can be realized in this embodiment by setting the diameter of the liquid inlet pipe 7 to be smaller than the diameter of the overflow pipe 3, thereby avoiding the When the liquid velocity is greater than the overflow velocity, the water and/or nutrient solution 8 overflows from the upper edge of the cultivation container 4 .

Wherein, the cultivation container 1 is preferably a cultivation barrel, and the isolation part 2, that is, the net core, is provided with a screen hole for air and liquid to pass through, and the surface of the annular part of the hat-shaped structure of the isolation part 2 is covered with a dense layer for supporting the cultivation substrate. Thin layer of mesh or silk cloth. The cultivation substrate is preferably a gardening substrate or coconut bran, etc., and when slow-release fertilizers are added to the cultivation substrate, or topdressing and foliar fertilizers provided by the outside can meet the needs of the cultivated plants, there is no need to provide nutrient solution to the device, Just water.

The method for using the above-mentioned device to carry out soilless cultivation may further comprise the steps:

Step 1, sowing plant seeds in the cultivation container 1 of the tidal type soilless cultivation device, or transplanting plant seedlings into the cultivation container 1 of the tidal type soilless cultivation device;

Step 2. After the plant seeds emerge or the plant seedlings are slowed down, perform tidal irrigation; the specific steps are as follows: close the liquid return pipe 6, open the liquid inlet pipe 7, and let the water and/or nutrient solution 8 flow into the cultivation container 1, and the liquid The surface rises to the overflow pipe 3, and excess water and/or nutrient solution 8 flows out from the overflow pipe 3.

In order to fully provide nutrients to cultivated plants, after the liquid level of water and/or nutrient solution 8 reaches the overflow pipe 3 position, close the liquid inlet pipe 7, stop liquid intake, keep for a period of time, and treat that water and/or nutrient solution 8 will When the cultivation medium 4 is fully soaked or reaches the nutrients required by the cultivated plants, the liquid return pipe 6 is opened to allow the water and/or nutrient solution 8 to be discharged by gravity.

In this embodiment, the water and/or nutrient solution 8 can be provided by a liquid storage container connected separately with the liquid inlet pipe 7, and the overflow pipe 3 and the liquid return pipe 6 can be respectively or jointly connected to a container for receiving liquid (Fig. 1 not shown) to receive spilled or drained water and/or nutrient solution 8. It is also possible to adopt the preferred scheme as described in detail in Example 2, that is, the liquid inlet pipe 7, the overflow pipe 3 and the liquid return pipe 6 are independently connected to the nutrient solution pool to form a nutrient supply cycle, which will not be described here. repeat.

Example 2

Another single set of tidal type soilless cultivation device is provided in the present embodiment, its general structure is similar to the device in embodiment 1, the difference is that it further includes a nutrient solution pool 9 (not shown in Figure 1), The liquid inlet pipe 7, the overflow pipe 3 and the liquid return pipe 6 are arranged to be connected to the nutrient solution pool independently, forming a nutrient supply cycle.

When using the above-mentioned device to carry out soilless cultivation, the following steps are included:

Step 1, sowing plant seeds in the cultivation container 1 of the tidal type soilless cultivation device, or transplanting plant seedlings into the cultivation container 1 of the tidal type soilless cultivation device;

Step 2. After the plant seeds emerge or the plant seedlings are slowed down, perform tidal irrigation; the specific steps are as follows: close the liquid return pipe 6, open the liquid inlet pipe 7, and let the water and/or nutrient solution 8 flow into the cultivation container 1, and the liquid The surface rises to the position of the overflow pipe 3, and excess water and/or nutrient solution 8 flows out from the overflow pipe 3 and enters the nutrient solution pool.

In order to fully provide nutrients to cultivated plants, after the liquid level of water and/or nutrient solution 8 reaches the overflow pipe 3 position, close the liquid inlet pipe 7, stop liquid intake, keep for a period of time, and treat that water and/or nutrient solution 8 will When the cultivation substrate 4 is fully soaked or reaches the required nutrients for the cultivated plants, the liquid return pipe 6 is opened to allow the water and/or nutrient solution 8 to flow back to the nutrient solution pool by gravity.

Example 3

This embodiment provides a tidal soilless cultivation system suitable for large-scale production, which consists of a single set of tidal soilless cultivation devices arranged in parallel. The tidal soilless cultivation system includes more than one tidal soilless cultivation device. When in use, several tidal soilless cultivation devices are connected in parallel to form a system. The devices are arranged in several rows, and each row is equipped with several devices. The liquid inlet pipe 7, the overflow pipe 3 and the liquid return pipe 6 on each cultivation container of the row device are respectively connected to the liquid inlet branch pipe 71, the overflow water branch pipe 31 and the liquid return branch pipe 61, and the liquid inlet branch pipe 71, the overflow water branch pipe 31 and the liquid return pipe The branch pipe 61 is connected to the liquid inlet main pipe 72, the overflow water main pipe 32 and the liquid return main pipe 62 respectively, and the liquid inlet main pipe 72, the overflow water main pipe 32 and the liquid return main pipe 62 are connected to the nutrient solution pool 9. In this embodiment, liquid flow power can be provided by setting the relative height difference between the liquid inlet main pipe 72, the overflow water main pipe 32 and the liquid return main pipe 62 and the nutrient solution pool 9, that is, the height of the liquid inlet main pipe 72 is lower than the nutrient solution pool 9 , The height of the overflow main pipe 32 and the return liquid main pipe 62 is higher than the nutrient solution pool 9.

The liquid flow in the liquid inlet pipe 7, the liquid inlet branch pipe 71 and the liquid inlet main pipe 72 is set to be smaller than the liquid flow in the overflow pipe 3, the overflow branch pipe 31 and the overflow main pipe 32 respectively (can be realized by setting the diameters of different pipes) , to avoid the nutrient solution overflowing from the upper edge of the cultivation container when the liquid inlet speed is greater than the overflow speed.

Utilize the soilless cultivation method of above-mentioned tidal type soilless cultivation system, comprise the following steps:

Step 1, sowing plant seeds in the cultivation container 1 of the tidal type soilless cultivation device, or transplanting plant seedlings into the cultivation container 1 of the tidal type soilless cultivation device;

Step 2. After the plant seeds emerge or the plant seedlings are slowed down, perform tidal irrigation; the specific steps are as follows: close the liquid return main pipe 62, open the liquid inlet main pipe 72, and let the water and/or nutrient solution 8 flow into each cultivation container 1 , the liquid level rises to the position of the overflow pipe 3, and excess water and/or nutrient solution 8 flows out from the overflow main pipe 32 and enters the nutrient solution pool 9.

In order to fully provide nutrients to the cultivated plants, when the liquid level of the water and/or nutrient solution 8 of all tidal type soilless cultivation devices reaches the position of the overflow pipe 3, close the main liquid inlet pipe 72, stop the liquid inlet, and keep it for a period of time , when water and/or nutrient solution 8 fully infiltrate the cultivation matrix 4 or reach the required nutrition of cultivated plants, open the liquid return main pipe 62, and make water and/or nutrient solution 8 flow back to nutrient solution pool 9 by gravity. Through this irrigation method, the cultivation medium in the device can be saturated to absorb the nutrient solution, which not only meets the needs of the crops for the nutrient solution, but also avoids the dripping arrows and drippers of the traditional substrate cultivation system caused by the crystallization of the nutrient solution or impurities. (Drop arrow) The problem of clogging provides a new type of cultivation device system for the promotion of soilless cultivation.

Example 4

Another tidal soilless cultivation system suitable for large-scale production is provided in this embodiment, which consists of a single set of tidal soilless cultivation devices arranged in parallel. The tidal soilless cultivation system includes more than one tidal soilless cultivation device. When in use, several tidal soilless cultivation devices are connected in parallel to form a system. The devices are arranged in several rows, and each row is equipped with several devices. The liquid inlet pipe 7, the overflow pipe 3 and the liquid return pipe 6 on each cultivation container of the row device are respectively connected to the liquid inlet branch pipe 71, the overflow water branch pipe 31 and the liquid return branch pipe 61, and the liquid inlet branch pipe 71, the overflow water branch pipe 31 and the liquid return pipe The branch pipe 61 is connected to the liquid inlet main pipe 72, the overflow water main pipe 32 and the liquid return main pipe 62 respectively, and the liquid inlet main pipe 72, the overflow water main pipe 32 and the liquid return main pipe 62 are connected to the nutrient solution pool 9. In addition, a water pump 10 and a filter 11 are provided on the liquid inlet pipe 72 of the system, and a solenoid valve 12 is also provided on the liquid return pipe 62 , as shown in FIG. 2 . The liquid flow in the above-mentioned liquid inlet pipe 7, the liquid inlet branch pipe 71 and the liquid inlet main pipe 72 is set to be less than the liquid flow in the overflow pipe 3, the overflow water branch pipe 31 and the overflow water main pipe 32 respectively, to avoid when the liquid inlet speed is greater than the overflow speed, The nutrient solution overflows from the upper edge of the cultivation container.

When the water pump 10 was turned on, the water and/or the nutrient solution 8 in the nutrient solution pool 9 were lifted to the liquid inlet main pipe 72 by the water pump 10, and the impurities in the water and/or the nutrient solution 8 were filtered out by the filtration of the filter 11, and the water And/or the nutrient solution 8 enters each liquid inlet branch pipe 71 through the liquid inlet main pipe 72, and supplies liquid to each tidal type soilless cultivation device through each liquid inlet pipe 7; The water and/or nutrient solution 8 in the device constantly rises to the overflow pipe 3 places, and the cultivation substrate 4 in the cultivation device constantly absorbs water and/or nutrient solution 8 until saturated in the process; when water and/or nutrient solution 8 reaches At the overflow pipe 3, with the increase of the liquid intake, excess water and/or nutrient solution 8 enters the overflow branch pipe 31 through the overflow pipe 3, then enters the overflow main pipe 32, and finally returns to the nutrient solution pool 9; when all the cultivation devices start When overflowing, close the water pump 10, stay for a period of time (1-20 minutes) after the cultivation substrate 4 of the cultivation device is fully absorbed with water and/or nutrient solution 8, open the electromagnetic valve 12, at this moment the water and/or nutrient of all devices The liquid 8 all flows to the liquid return branch pipe 61 through the liquid return pipe 6, and flows to the liquid return main pipe 62, and finally flows back to the nutrient solution pool 9, when the water and/or nutrient solution 8 of each device flows to the position of the liquid return pipe 6 At this time, the water and/or nutrient solution 8 in the lower part will be retained, and as the water and/or nutrient solution 8 in the cultivation substrate 4 are absorbed by the plants, the lower water and/or nutrient solution 8 will move upwards by capillary action and be constantly absorbed by the plant. The plant absorbs until completely absorbed or until the next feeding.

Through this irrigation method, the humidity of the substrate and the consistency of nutrients can be maintained, and the accumulation of salt in the substrate can be avoided. The effect is obvious in areas with poor water quality.

In the specific operation, it can also be implemented like this, usually open the solenoid valve during irrigation, and return the liquid while feeding, so that the water and/or nutrient solution needed at one time is not much; when considering the difference in the humidity of the cultivation substrate in a single cultivation device More than 20%, or when frequent liquid supply is required in summer, irrigation of water and/or nutrient solution through overflow pipes can be implemented.

The preferred specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make many modifications and changes according to the concept of the present invention without creative efforts. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by those skilled in the art based on the concept of the present invention through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments on the basis of the prior art shall be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims (21)

1. A tidal type soilless cultivation device is characterized in that, the tidal type soilless cultivation device comprises a cultivation container, an isolation part, a liquid inlet pipe, a liquid return pipe and an overflow pipe; the isolation part is provided with a sieve hole , the liquid inlet pipe and the overflow pipe are arranged on the upper part of the cultivation container, and the liquid return pipe is arranged on the lower part of the cultivation container. 2. The tidal soilless cultivation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the isolation member is configured to divide the cultivation container into two parts, the first part is used to accommodate the cultivation substrate, and the second part is used to To accommodate air and liquid, the central region of the first portion extends toward the bottom of the cultivation container until it contacts the bottom. 3. The tidal soilless cultivation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the isolation part is a mesh core, and the mesh core is an annular top hat-shaped structure with a cup-shaped structure in the middle, and the top hat The space enclosed by the top hat-shaped structure and the upper part of the cultivation container is used to accommodate the cultivation substrate, and the space enclosed by the top hat-shaped structure and the lower part of the cultivation container is used to accommodate air and liquid, and the liquid level of the liquid is The height is not higher than the opening height of the liquid return pipe on the cultivation container. 4. The tidal soilless cultivation device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the liquid is water and/or nutrient solution. 5. The tidal soilless cultivation device according to claim 3, characterized in that, the surface of the annular part of the hat-shaped structure is covered with a dense mesh or silk cloth thin layer for supporting the cultivation substrate . 6. The tidal type soilless cultivation device according to any one of claims 1-3 and 5, characterized in that, the tidal type soilless cultivation device also includes a nutrient solution pool, the liquid inlet pipe, the The overflow pipe and the liquid return pipe are respectively and independently connected to the nutrient solution pool. 7. The tidal soilless cultivation device according to any one of claims 1-3 and 5, characterized in that, the cultivation container is a cultivation bucket. 8. The tidal soilless cultivation device according to any one of claims 1-3 and 5, characterized in that the liquid flow rate in the liquid inlet pipe is set to be smaller than the liquid flow rate in the overflow pipe. 9. A tidal type soilless cultivation system, characterized in that the tidal type soilless cultivation system is formed by parallel arrangement of the tidal type soilless cultivation devices according to claim 1. 10. The tidal type soilless cultivation system according to claim 9, characterized in that, the tidal type soilless cultivation system comprises more than one said tidal type soilless cultivation device, each of said tidal type soilless cultivation The liquid inlet pipe, the overflow pipe and the liquid return pipe on the cultivation container of the device are respectively connected to the liquid inlet branch pipe, the overflow water branch pipe and the liquid return branch pipe, and the liquid inlet branch pipe, the overflow water branch pipe and the liquid return branch pipe The liquid return branch pipe is respectively connected to the liquid inlet main pipe, the overflow water main pipe and the liquid return main pipe, and the liquid inlet main pipe, the overflow water main pipe and the liquid return main pipe are connected to the nutrient solution pool. 11. The tidal soilless cultivation system according to claim 10, characterized in that a water pump and a filter are arranged on the liquid inlet main pipe, and a solenoid valve is arranged on the liquid return main pipe. 12. A method for soilless cultivation, characterized in that, the method uses the tidal type soilless cultivation device according to any one of claims 1-3 and 5, and the method comprises the following steps: Step 1. Sowing plant seeds in the cultivation container of the tidal soilless cultivation device, or transplanting plant seedlings into the cultivation container of the tidal soilless cultivation device; Step 2. After the plant seeds emerge or the plant seedlings are slowed down, perform tidal irrigation; the specific steps are as follows: close the liquid return pipe, open the liquid inlet pipe, and let the water and/or nutrient solution flow into the Inside the cultivation container, the liquid level rises to the position of the overflow pipe, and the excess water and/or nutrient solution flows out from the overflow pipe. 13. The method according to claim 12, wherein said step 2 further comprises the step of closing said inlet pipe when the liquid level of said water and/or nutrient solution reaches the position of said overflow pipe , stop feeding the liquid, keep it for a period of time, and when the water and/or nutrient solution saturates the cultivation substrate or reaches the nutrients required by the cultivated plants, open the return pipe to allow the water and/or nutrient solution to pass through Discharge by gravity. 14. The method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the liquid flow rate in the liquid inlet pipe is set to be smaller than the liquid flow rate in the overflow pipe. 15. A method for soilless cultivation, characterized in that, the method uses the tidal type soilless cultivation device according to claim 6, and the method comprises the following steps: Step 1. Sowing plant seeds in the cultivation container of the tidal soilless cultivation device, or transplanting plant seedlings into the cultivation container of the tidal soilless cultivation device; Step 2. After the plant seeds emerge or the plant seedlings are slowed down, perform tidal irrigation; the specific steps are as follows: close the liquid return pipe, open the liquid inlet pipe, and let the water and/or nutrient solution flow into the Inside the cultivation container, the liquid level rises to the position of the overflow pipe, and the excess water and/or nutrient solution flows out from the overflow pipe and enters the nutrient solution pool. 16. The method according to claim 15, wherein said step 2 further comprises the step of closing said inlet pipe when the liquid level of said water and/or nutrient solution reaches the position of said overflow pipe , stop feeding the liquid, keep it for a period of time, and when the water and/or nutrient solution saturates the cultivation substrate or reaches the nutrients required by the cultivated plants, open the return pipe to allow the water and/or nutrient solution to pass through Gravity flows back into the nutrient solution pool. 17. The method according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that the liquid flow rate in the liquid inlet pipe is set to be smaller than the liquid flow rate in the overflow pipe. 18. A method for soilless cultivation, characterized in that, the method uses the tidal type soilless cultivation system according to claim 10, and the method comprises the following steps: Step 1. Sowing plant seeds in the cultivation container of the tidal soilless cultivation device, or transplanting plant seedlings into the cultivation container of the tidal soilless cultivation device; Step 2. After the plant seeds emerge or the plant seedlings are slowed down, perform tidal irrigation; the specific steps are as follows: close the liquid return main pipe, open the liquid inlet main pipe, and let water and/or nutrient solution flow into each Inside each of the cultivation containers, the liquid level rises to the position of the overflow pipe, and the excess water and/or nutrient solution flows out from the overflow main pipe and enters the nutrient solution pool. 19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that, said step 2 further comprises the following steps: when the liquid levels of said water and/or nutrient solution of all said tidal type soilless cultivation devices reach the specified After the position of the overflow pipe is described, close the main liquid inlet pipe, stop the liquid inlet, and keep it for a period of time. When the water and/or nutrient solution soaks the cultivation substrate or reaches the nutrients required by the cultivated plants, open the return liquid The main pipe allows the water and/or nutrient solution to flow back to the nutrient solution pool by gravity. 20. The method according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that, the liquid flow in the liquid inlet pipe, the liquid inlet branch pipe and the liquid inlet main pipe is set to be smaller than that of the overflow pipe, the The flow of liquid in the overflow branch and said overflow main. 21. The method according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that a water pump and a filter are provided on the liquid inlet main pipe, and a solenoid valve is provided on the liquid return main pipe.