CN103798048B - A kind of cold-resistant, salt-resistant type Japan nursery stock cuttage breeding method - Google Patents
A kind of cold-resistant, salt-resistant type Japan nursery stock cuttage breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103798048B CN103798048B CN201410070182.XA CN201410070182A CN103798048B CN 103798048 B CN103798048 B CN 103798048B CN 201410070182 A CN201410070182 A CN 201410070182A CN 103798048 B CN103798048 B CN 103798048B
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Abstract
A kind of cold-resistant, salt-resistant type Japan nursery stock cuttage breeding method, comprises the following steps: with improve cold resistance Japan's filial generation as parent, obtain good seed, through the maintenance management of a year, as stock by cuttage, type of seeding；Select there is Japan of excellent target proterties as scion, the method taking hard branch cut-grafting or cleft grafting before scion is sprouted spring obtains the grafting plant of salt tolerant, grafting divests the sprout tillers of stock in time after surviving, in between 7 Augusts, the adhesive tape of colligation scion is removed in the healing of scion interface time good, after plant strain growth stalwartness, at salt-soda soil growth condition.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cultural method, particularly relate to a kind of cold-resistant, salt-resistant type Japan nursery stock cuttage breeding method.
Background technology
Japan is that Malvaceae Japan belongs to perennial evergreen shrub, calls Buddhist mulberry, Chinese Hibiscu, big safflower.Originating in south China, Yunnan, Sichuan, Guangdong, Guangxi etc. save.Flos Hibisci Rosae-Sinensis diameter at about 10cm, petal have polyphyll and single-lobe point, in a great variety, have rhodo, orange, powder, a white isochrome, deep purples and bright reds-beautiful flowersa riot of brilliant purple and tender crimson, graceful, and the florescence of Japan is long, is important woody potted ornamental plant, is deeply favored by consumer.The method using epicormic branch cuttage carries out nursery, can realize whole year production in heliogreenhouse.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: provides a kind of cold-resistant, salt-resistant type Japan nursery stock cuttage breeding method, the steps include:
(1) cultivation of stock: Japan's breeding epicormic branch cuttage Best Times that resists cold is that mid-July is to mid-August, it is typically chosen that dew in the morning is the most dry or cloudy collection cuttings, resist cold from Japan and gather the raw then and vigorous branches of semi-lignified breeding elite stand, the branch gathered should carry out moisturizing and transport to fringe bar as early as possible and add building site, cuttings must be pre-processed before cuttage, first select outdoor shady and coolly or branch be cut in indoor a length of 8～10 cm to stay the cuttings of 2～3 leaves, lower clip is cut sth. askew with 45° angle, cutting plantation can be improved, then with 250 mg/kg 2, 4-D+1 000mg/kg NAA mixed liquor carries out quickly dipped process to cuttings base portion 0～4 cm, time is 3～5 s；Typically proceed by cuttage in mid-July, the cuttage degree of depth is 3～4 cm, spacing in the rows 4 cm, line-spacing 5 cm, appropriate water is watered after cuttage, so that matrix contacts with cuttings closely, manage after cuttage: after cuttage, spray 800 times of liquid of 1 carbendazim immediately, the most every 15 d spray 1 time, after cuttings 20～25 d, spray medicine number of times can suitably reduce, after cuttage, cuttings is carried out full exposure management, length and the water spray frequency of water spraying time are specific as follows: 1. after cuttage in 20 d, fine day, water spraying time and the water spray frequency at cloudy day are respectively every 8 min and spray 10 s, every 20～25 min spray 10 s；Treat that the cuttage seeding of 60% is taken root and starts foliation, foliage spray should be carried out in time, every 15 d of early stage spray 1 0.2% urea, later stage every 15 d 1 0.2% urea of spray and mixed liquors of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, stop spray fertilizer October, 2., after cuttage 20 d, fine day, the water spraying time at cloudy day and water spray frequency are respectively every 15 min and spray 10 s, spray 10 s every 40～50 min, and cuttage seeding is typically passed the winter in cuttage pond；
(2) with improve cold resistance Japan's filial generation as parent, by cuttage, type of seeding obtain good seed, through the maintenance management of a year, as stock；Select there is Japan of excellent target proterties as scion, the method taking hard branch cut-grafting or cleft grafting before scion is sprouted spring obtains the grafting plant of salt tolerant, grafting divests the sprout tillers of stock in time after surviving, in between the 7-8 month, the adhesive tape of colligation scion is removed in the healing of scion interface time good, after plant strain growth stalwartness, at salt-soda soil growth condition；
(3) field management: when branch starts to sprout, should topdress in time, based on quick-acting fertilizer, imposes 1 time～2 phosphorus, potash fertilizer before buddingging, to promote the pregnant flower bud of plant；May～October combine weeding between full-bloom stage, ridging carries out topdressing twice, based on phosphorus potash fertilizer, it is aided with nitrogenous fertilizer, to keep flower amount and tree vigo(u)r, the clear garden of weeding is carried out during winter dormancy, trench digging or caving & fertilizing around plant, based on farm manure, it is aided with appropriate inorganic composite fertilizer, with supply growth in the coming year and required nutrient of blooming, prolonged drought is without rainy day gas, it should be noted that irrigate, and during excessive rainfall, want drainage waterlogging prevention, pruning, Japan plant newly planted is less, its growth can be let alone first 1 year～2 years or carry out light pruning, i.e. in autumn and winter by deadwood, the weak branch of disease pest, decline secateurs goes, after tree body is grown up, reply Japan plant carries out pruning, pruning is carried out after falling leaves the most in the fall, main pruning method: one is rationally select and remain major branch and side shoot, remove in batches, it is reasonably distributed, density appropriateness；Two is that major branch and side shoot are returned contracting, and new end of the branch branch directions just rationally to be pruned off, in order to ventilation and penetrating light；Three is that slow the putting of spray Post flowering strong to life in 1 year is not cut, and the prosperous branch of sprouting and strong spray on it are all removed by next year, stay middle brachyplast to bloom, the perennial branch that interior thorax is thinner constantly carries out retraction and updates, to medium flower branch at bifurcation cutting back, can effectively regulate a gesture, improve the bud quality；Four is that peripheral end of the branch is carried out cutting back, cut and stay outer bud, typically can send out 3 vigorous branches, end of the branch competitive branch is removed, other delays puts, then retraction is trained a group, and spread-type Japan branch angle is big, and the prosperous branch of pumping and medium flower branch are stronger than erect type, bush shape can be trained, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, Japan's pest and disease damage mainly has the insect pests such as anthracnose, leaf spot, rust and aphid, looper, leaf roller, prophylactico-therapeutic measures: is to wipe out sick branch；Two is early prevention and treatment, avoid in dispenser picking time of blooming, can be selected for safe efficient, low-toxin farm chemicals spraying preventing and treating or trapping, the most common leaf spot and rust, available 600 times of liquid of 65% Zineb wettable powder spray, insect pest, based on aphid, also has looper and leaf roller, and available 1000 times of liquid of 40% omethoate emulsifiable solution are sprayed.
Detailed description of the invention
A kind of cold-resistant, salt-resistant type Japan nursery stock cuttage breeding method, the steps include:
(1) cultivation of stock: Japan's breeding epicormic branch cuttage Best Times that resists cold is that mid-July is to mid-August, it is typically chosen that dew in the morning is the most dry or cloudy collection cuttings, resist cold from Japan and gather the raw then and vigorous branches of semi-lignified breeding elite stand, the branch gathered should carry out moisturizing and transport to fringe bar as early as possible and add building site, cuttings must be pre-processed before cuttage, first select outdoor shady and coolly or branch be cut in indoor a length of 8～10 cm to stay the cuttings of 2～3 leaves, lower clip is cut sth. askew with 45° angle, cutting plantation can be improved, then with 250 mg/kg 2, 4-D+1 000mg/kg NAA mixed liquor carries out quickly dipped process to cuttings base portion 0～4 cm, time is 3～5 s；Typically proceed by cuttage in mid-July, the cuttage degree of depth is 3～4 cm, spacing in the rows 4 cm, line-spacing 5 cm, appropriate water is watered after cuttage, so that matrix contacts with cuttings closely, manage after cuttage: after cuttage, spray 800 times of liquid of 1 carbendazim immediately, the most every 15 d spray 1 time, after cuttings 20～25 d, spray medicine number of times can suitably reduce, after cuttage, cuttings is carried out full exposure management, length and the water spray frequency of water spraying time are specific as follows: 1. after cuttage in 20 d, fine day, water spraying time and the water spray frequency at cloudy day are respectively every 8 min and spray 10 s, every 20～25 min spray 10 s；Treat that the cuttage seeding of 60% is taken root and starts foliation, foliage spray should be carried out in time, every 15 d of early stage spray 1 0.2% urea, later stage every 15 d 1 0.2% urea of spray and mixed liquors of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, stop spray fertilizer October, 2., after cuttage 20 d, fine day, the water spraying time at cloudy day and water spray frequency are respectively every 15 min and spray 10 s, spray 10 s every 40～50 min, and cuttage seeding is typically passed the winter in cuttage pond；
(2) with improve cold resistance Japan's filial generation as parent, by cuttage, type of seeding obtain good seed, through the maintenance management of a year, as stock；Select there is Japan of excellent target proterties as scion, the method taking hard branch cut-grafting or cleft grafting before scion is sprouted spring obtains the grafting plant of salt tolerant, grafting divests the sprout tillers of stock in time after surviving, in between the 7-8 month, the adhesive tape of colligation scion is removed in the healing of scion interface time good, after plant strain growth stalwartness, at salt-soda soil growth condition；
(3) field management: when branch starts to sprout, should topdress in time, based on quick-acting fertilizer, imposes 1 time～2 phosphorus, potash fertilizer before buddingging, to promote the pregnant flower bud of plant；May～October combine weeding between full-bloom stage, ridging carries out topdressing twice, based on phosphorus potash fertilizer, it is aided with nitrogenous fertilizer, to keep flower amount and tree vigo(u)r, the clear garden of weeding is carried out during winter dormancy, trench digging or caving & fertilizing around plant, based on farm manure, it is aided with appropriate inorganic composite fertilizer, with supply growth in the coming year and required nutrient of blooming, prolonged drought is without rainy day gas, it should be noted that irrigate, and during excessive rainfall, want drainage waterlogging prevention, pruning, Japan plant newly planted is less, its growth can be let alone first 1 year～2 years or carry out light pruning, i.e. in autumn and winter by deadwood, the weak branch of disease pest, decline secateurs goes, after tree body is grown up, reply Japan plant carries out pruning, pruning is carried out after falling leaves the most in the fall, main pruning method: one is rationally select and remain major branch and side shoot, remove in batches, it is reasonably distributed, density appropriateness；Two is that major branch and side shoot are returned contracting, and new end of the branch branch directions just rationally to be pruned off, in order to ventilation and penetrating light；Three is that slow the putting of spray Post flowering strong to life in 1 year is not cut, and the prosperous branch of sprouting and strong spray on it are all removed by next year, stay middle brachyplast to bloom, the perennial branch that interior thorax is thinner constantly carries out retraction and updates, to medium flower branch at bifurcation cutting back, can effectively regulate a gesture, improve the bud quality；Four is that peripheral end of the branch is carried out cutting back, cut and stay outer bud, typically can send out 3 vigorous branches, end of the branch competitive branch is removed, other delays puts, then retraction is trained a group, and spread-type Japan branch angle is big, and the prosperous branch of pumping and medium flower branch are stronger than erect type, bush shape can be trained, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, Japan's pest and disease damage mainly has the insect pests such as anthracnose, leaf spot, rust and aphid, looper, leaf roller, prophylactico-therapeutic measures: is to wipe out sick branch；Two is early prevention and treatment, avoid in dispenser picking time of blooming, can be selected for safe efficient, low-toxin farm chemicals spraying preventing and treating or trapping, the most common leaf spot and rust, available 600 times of liquid of 65% Zineb wettable powder spray, insect pest, based on aphid, also has looper and leaf roller, and available 1000 times of liquid of 40% omethoate emulsifiable solution are sprayed.
After Survival rate of nursery stock, through tending management after a while, choose the consistent grafting of growth potential and annual Japan cuttage seeding carries out potted plant salt tolerant comparative test.Salt concentration gradient is set to (0,2,4,6,8,10 ‰), show according to growth, physiological index determining, grafting is under the salt of 10 ‰ mass fractions processes, there is the salt damage symptom of yellow leaf in indivedual plant, growth potential is significantly stronger than annual Japan cuttage seeding, corresponding physical signs is also significantly better than cuttage seeding, and cuttage seeding i.e. occurs that under the salting liquid of 4 ‰ mass fractions processes the jaundice of leaf look, Seedling height are the most suppressed, the concentration of 6 ‰ processes i.e. occurs that substantial amounts of plant is dead.Result of the test display grafting 6 ‰ concentration salting liquid process under substantially can normal growth, biomass also be significantly greater than cuttage seeding, under the salt stress of 10 ‰ concentration, plant survival rate reaches 100%.
Claims (1)
1. cold-resistant, salt-resistant type Japan nursery stock cuttage breeding method, it is characterised in that pass through following steps:
(1) cultivation of stock: Japan is that mid-July is to mid-August at breeding epicormic branch cuttage time of resisting cold, select dew in the morning the most dry or cloudy collection cuttings, resist cold from Japan and gather the raw then and vigorous branches of semi-lignified breeding elite stand, the branch gathered should carry out moisturizing and transport to fringe bar as early as possible and add building site, cuttings must be pre-processed before cuttage, first select outdoor shady and coolly or branch be cut in indoor a length of 8～10 cm to stay the cuttings of 2～3 leaves, lower clip is cut sth. askew with 45° angle, cutting plantation can be improved, then with 250 mg/kg 2, 4-D+1 000mg/kg NAA mixed liquor carries out quickly dipped process to cuttings base portion 0～4 cm, time is 3～5 s；Cuttage is proceeded by mid-July, the cuttage degree of depth is 3～4 cm, spacing in the rows 4 cm, line-spacing 5 cm, appropriate water is watered after cuttage, so that matrix contacts with cuttings closely, manage after cuttage: after cuttage, spray 800 times of liquid of 1 carbendazim immediately, the most every 15 d spray 1 time, after cuttage 20～25 d, spray medicine number of times suitably reduces, after cuttage, cuttings being carried out full exposure management, the length of water spraying time and water spray frequency are specific as follows: 1. after cuttage in 20 d, fine day, the water spraying time at cloudy day and water spray frequency be respectively every 8 min spray 10 s, every 20～25 min spray 10 s；Treat that the cuttage seeding of 60% is taken root and starts foliation, foliage spray should be carried out in time, every 15 d of early stage spray 1 0.2% urea, later stage every 15 d 1 0.2% urea of spray and mixed liquors of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, stop spray fertilizer October, 2., after cuttage 20 d, fine day, the water spraying time at cloudy day and water spray frequency are respectively every 15 min and spray 10 s, spray 10 s every 40～50 min, and cuttage seeding is passed the winter in cuttage pond；
(2) with improve cold resistance Japan's filial generation as parent, by cuttage, type of seeding obtain good seed, through the maintenance management of a year, as stock；Select there is Japan of excellent target proterties as scion, the method taking hard branch cut-grafting or cleft grafting before scion is sprouted spring obtains the grafting plant of salt tolerant, grafting divests the sprout tillers of stock in time after surviving, in between the 7-8 month, the adhesive tape of colligation scion is removed in the healing of scion interface time good, after plant strain growth stalwartness, at salt-soda soil growth condition；
(3) field management: when branch starts to sprout, should topdress in time, based on quick-acting fertilizer, imposes 1 time～2 phosphorus, potash fertilizer before buddingging, to promote the pregnant flower bud of plant；May～October combine weeding between full-bloom stage, ridging carries out topdressing twice, based on phosphorus potash fertilizer, it is aided with nitrogenous fertilizer, to keep flower amount and tree vigo(u)r, the clear garden of weeding is carried out during winter dormancy, trench digging or caving & fertilizing around plant, based on farm manure, it is aided with appropriate inorganic composite fertilizer, with supply growth in the coming year and required nutrient of blooming, prolonged drought is without rainy day gas, it should be noted that irrigate, and during excessive rainfall, want drainage waterlogging prevention, pruning, Japan plant newly planted is less, let alone its growth at first 1 year～2 years or carry out light pruning, i.e. in autumn and winter by deadwood, the weak branch of disease pest, decline secateurs goes, after tree body is grown up, reply Japan plant carries out pruning, pruning is carried out after falling leaves in the fall, main pruning method: one is rationally select and remain major branch and side shoot, remove in batches, it is reasonably distributed, density appropriateness；Two is that major branch and side shoot are returned contracting, and new end of the branch branch directions just rationally to be pruned off, in order to ventilation and penetrating light；Three is that slow the putting of spray Post flowering strong to life in 1 year is not cut, and the prosperous branch of sprouting and strong spray on it are all removed by next year, stay middle brachyplast to bloom, the perennial branch that interior thorax is thinner constantly carries out retraction and updates, to medium flower branch at bifurcation cutting back, effectively regulation branch gesture, improves the bud quality；Four is that peripheral end of the branch is carried out cutting back, cut and stay outer bud, send out 3 vigorous branches, end of the branch competitive branch is removed, other delays puts, then retraction is trained a group, and spread-type Japan branch angle is big, and the prosperous branch of pumping and medium flower branch are stronger than erect type, it is trained bush shape, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, Japan's pest and disease damage mainly has anthracnose, leaf spot, rust and aphid, looper, leaf roller insect pest, prophylactico-therapeutic measures: one is to wipe out sick branch；Two is early prevention and treatment, avoid in dispenser picking time of blooming, select safe efficient, low-toxin farm chemicals spraying preventing and treating or trapping, common leaf spot and rust, spray with 600 times of liquid of 65% Zineb wettable powder, insect pest, based on aphid, also has looper and leaf roller, sprays with 1000 times of liquid of 40% omethoate emulsifiable solution.
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| CN104823663A (en) * | 2015-05-08 | 2015-08-12 | 沈新江 | Cottage cultivation method of mulberry seedlings |
| CN106561214A (en) * | 2016-10-29 | 2017-04-19 | 蚌埠市涂山绿园蔬菜科研专业合作社 | Cutting seedling growing method for improving freezing resistance of pomegranate |
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| JP2005278500A (en) * | 2004-03-30 | 2005-10-13 | Harutoshi Kato | Plant landscaping device |
| CN102415261B (en) * | 2011-10-31 | 2013-05-15 | 浙江森禾种业股份有限公司 | Cuttage propagation method for Juniperus 'Gold Coast' |
| CN102415263B (en) * | 2011-10-31 | 2013-07-10 | 浙江森禾种业股份有限公司 | Cuttage propagation method for juniperus procumbens 'Nana' |
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Inventor after: Yin Hui Inventor after: Wang Rongtao Inventor after: Qin Zhuangzhi Inventor after: Zhang Qi Inventor after: Ding Danghui Inventor after: Wang Yuanyuan Inventor before: Li Changjuan |
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Effective date of registration: 20160620 Address after: 450001 Henan city of Zhengzhou province high tech Zone Science Avenue and Xushui River Road intersection to the south about 500 meters West Applicant after: ZHENGZHOU GAOXIN FUDI LANDSCAPING PROJECT CO., LTD. Address before: Dachang Town, Jiaonan city of Shandong province Qingdao City Yin Jia Zhuang 266000 No. 34 Applicant before: Li Changjuan |
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