CN103798016B - Ecological cultivation method for paris polyphylla - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an ecological cultivation method for paris polyphylla, and relates to the technical field of planting industry. The cultivation method mainly includes the steps of land selecting, cultivating, managing, insect controlling, harvesting and the like. By the adoption of the method, standardized planting of the paris polyphylla is achieved, moreover, the growth period is short, and the yield can be improved by over 30%; due to the facts that organic fertilizer is mainly adopted, and usage of pesticides is limited, the rootstock used as medicine meets all provisions in the item of paris polyphylla in the first part of < Chinese pharmacopoeia > (2010 edition), and pesticide residue, heavy metal and other harmful substances are all lower than standard provisions; the cost is reduced, and the medicinal quality is ensured. Because planting and processing of the paris polyphylla have strict requirements for various chemical contamination, and while society and economy benefits are created, good ecological environment benefits are brought about.

Description

The ecological cultivation method of paris polyphylla

Technical field

The present invention relates to plant husbandry technical field, be specifically related to the ecological cultivation method of a kind of paris polyphylla.

Background technology

Paris polyphylla is liliaceous plant, and its medicinal part is dry rhizome, and commodity are called: Paris polyphylla, has another name called: soap is stopped, careless river car.Be 2010 version " Chinese Pharmacopoeia " record kind, clinical general types, having the applicating history of more than 2000 year, is one of famous " legendary god of farming four precious " (RADIX ET RHIZOMA TRILLII, paris polyphylla, civilian king's one-pen, RHIZOMA DIPHYLLEIAE) kind.Have clearing heat and detoxicating, swelling and pain relieving, effect of cool liver arresting convulsion.Be usually used in treatment abscess of throat clinically, tonsillitis, mastitis, mumps, carbuncle swell furunculosis, fall damage, the illnesss such as venomous snake bite.Record according in Shennong's Herbal: " main frightened epilepsy stopped by soap, lane tongue of shaking the head, and hot gas is in abdomen, and insane disease, carbuncle sore, the erosion of vulva, lower three worms, remove snake venom ".Have common saying cloud: " paris polyphylla, remote mountains is my family, ulcer in case of, just like hand pick up take ", this is the portrayal to its appropriateness.

Wild paris polyphylla suitable growth dark and damply, liked the environment nice and cool, dark and damp, moisture is appropriate, is not only afraid of arid but also be afraid of ponding, preference temperature 16-20 DEG C under the mountain valley of height above sea level 700-1100 meter band, limit, mountain stream and broad leaved forest; Growing into be used as medicine needs the time of 4-7, and stem tuber of gathering is used as medicine.Because current wild resource is exhausted, and medicinal part growth cycle is long, is difficult to meet the need of market, so there has been artificial cultivation technique.

In existing artificial cultivation technique, the research and development focusing on breeding technique, adopt stem tuber propagation technique usually.The planting scale of existing artificial cultivation technique is little, and not yet forms normalized plantation, and cost high yield is low, and quality is unstable, is difficult to the requirement reaching state food Drug Administration office " Good Agricultural Practices ".

Especially in recent years, be that the medicine of raw material more and more comes into one's own in prevention from suffering from the diseases, treatment and health care with natural resources, integrate green, important component part that safety, prevention, health care, the Chinese Medicine Industry for the treatment of are becoming world's medicinal industry.Country pays much attention to the development of Chinese Medicine Industry, actively pushes forward the modernization of Chinese medicine and industrialization.

Therefore, have the property paris polyphylla of the double spy of economic plants and ecological vegetable concurrently, its plantation and processing have strict demand again to various chemical contamination, are good environment-friendly type industries, develop this industry and not only can create economic results in society, can also ecological environment benefit be brought.

Summary of the invention

It is large that technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of planting scale, constant product quality, the ecological cultivation method of the simple paris polyphylla of management method.

Technical problem to be solved by this invention realizes by the following technical solutions:

An ecological cultivation method for paris polyphylla, comprises following method step,

1) selection of land

In the Wannan mountainous area area of height above sea level 500-3000 rice, the more plot of the deep humus of soil property is selected to open up wasteland, be good with good water permeability, subacidity humic red soil, sieve goes stone in soil and weeds, smooth rear covering 20 centimeters of humus soil, the wide 1.2m in seedbed, high 20cm, furrow width 30cm, sets up shading screen with cement pole;

2) cultivate

Select local raw without going mouldy and the wild seed of full maturation, start cultivation the 2-4 month, steep 2 hours by 50% carbendazim, 500 times of immersions, seed is sowed on ready-made seedbed by the seeding row spacing of 15 × 15cm, and seed broadcasts humus soil and the ash of rear covering 1:1, the thick about 1.5cm of earthing, again at moisture in the soil face upper cover grass, thickness is advisable not reveal soil, waters permeable, keep moistening, cultivate before and after latter 15 days and start to germinate;

3) manage

(1) dry season waters a water every day, and weeding does not have concrete time restriction, has grass just to remove, and the high temperature season of the 6-7 month will be noted sheltering from heat or light especially, also will water water for cooling if desired, and temperature is controlled within 30 DEG C;

(2) fertilizer is the important step of growth, by humus soil and sheep excrement according to 1:1 Homogeneous phase mixing, then covers and light smoked 36 hours with fire on weeds, obtained fertilizer, applies according to every mu of each 1000kg, annual 2 fertilisings, sprouting about 20 days for the first time, namely early March; Second time is in the animated period grown i.e. the 6-7 month;

(3) seedling of cultivating then starts withered seedling in late September, and the rhizome position of underground enters resting stage, stops growing, and first covers one deck in the winter time with pine needle, then uses rice straw mulching one deck, reaches moisturizing and to resist cold object; In spring in next year, open covering, Paris polyphylla starts germinating growth;

4) extermination of disease and insect pest;

(1) root rot: main harm subterranean stem, causes subterranean stem rotten to the corn, with 500 times of carbendazim seed soaking 1 when control is transplanted---and 2 hours, dredging drain ditch, if fallen ill, available carbendazim 500 times of liquid or water, to alleviate harm with 200 times of lime waters;

(2) leaf blight: main harm blade, next endangers stem, bennet and capsule and subterranean stem, causes subterranean stem rotten to the corn, prevention and controls: draining in time, loosen the soil, and finds just initial illness, available 200 times of bordeaux mixture spraying;

(3) cutworm, grub; Harm root, available 90% trichlorphon, every mu 180---200 grams, stirring fragrant wheat skin or rice bran 8---, is spread on field for trapping by 10 kilograms;

5) gather

Plant rhizome of gathering after 5 years to be used as medicine, in 10-early November, when plant withers on the ground, select to excavate at fine day, first cut off cauline leaf, then excavate from the side with hoe, dig out stem tuber, keep stem tuber complete, shake off earth, in the bamboo basket loading clean, nontoxic, anosis worm or plastic crate, have the rhizome of bud to give over to kind, remaining rhizome is used for processing and is used as medicine.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: fertilizer does not pollute environment, the fertilizer efficiency duration is long, applies for a long time and can make loosing soil, keep soil from packing together, and cost is low, efficiency high (at use man miscellaneous fertilizers, particularly excrement class must by fermentation, otherwise root can be burnt or rotten affect plant growth).

Embodiment

The technological means realized to make the present invention, creation characteristic, reaching object and effect is easy to understand, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, setting forth the present invention further.

An ecological cultivation method for paris polyphylla, comprises following method step,

1) selection of land

In the Wannan mountainous area area of height above sea level 500-3000 rice, the more plot of the deep humus of soil property is selected to open up wasteland, be good with good water permeability, subacidity humic red soil, sieve goes stone in soil and weeds, smooth rear covering 20 centimeters of humus soil, the wide 1.2m in seedbed, high 20cm, furrow width 30cm, sets up shading screen with cement pole;

2) cultivate

Select local raw without going mouldy and the wild seed of full maturation, start cultivation the 2-4 month, steep 2 hours by 50% carbendazim, 500 times of immersions, seed is sowed on ready-made seedbed by the seeding row spacing of 15 × 15cm, and seed broadcasts humus soil and the ash of rear covering 1:1, the thick about 1.5cm of earthing, again at moisture in the soil face upper cover grass, thickness is advisable not reveal soil, waters permeable, keep moistening, cultivate before and after latter 15 days and start to germinate;

3) manage

(1) dry season waters a water every day, and weeding does not have concrete time restriction, has grass just to remove, and the high temperature season of the 6-7 month will be noted sheltering from heat or light especially, also will water water for cooling if desired, and temperature is controlled within 30 DEG C;

(2) fertilizer is the important step of growth, by humus soil and sheep excrement according to 1:1 Homogeneous phase mixing, then covers and light smoked 36 hours with fire on weeds, obtained fertilizer, applies according to every mu of each 1000kg, annual 2 fertilisings, sprouting about 20 days for the first time, namely early March; Second time is in the animated period grown i.e. the 6-7 month;

(3) seedling of cultivating then starts withered seedling in late September, and the rhizome position of underground enters resting stage, stops growing, and first covers one deck in the winter time with pine needle, then uses rice straw mulching one deck, reaches moisturizing and to resist cold object; In spring in next year, open covering, Paris polyphylla starts germinating growth;

4) extermination of disease and insect pest;

(1) root rot: main harm subterranean stem, causes subterranean stem rotten to the corn, with 500 times of carbendazim seed soaking 1 when control is transplanted---and 2 hours, dredging drain ditch, if fallen ill, available carbendazim 500 times of liquid or water, to alleviate harm with 200 times of lime waters;

(2) leaf blight: main harm blade, next endangers stem, bennet and capsule and subterranean stem, causes subterranean stem rotten to the corn, prevention and controls: draining in time, loosen the soil, and finds just initial illness, available 200 times of bordeaux mixture spraying;

(3) cutworm, grub; Harm root, available 90% trichlorphon, every mu 180---200 grams, stirring fragrant wheat skin or rice bran 8---, is spread on field for trapping by 10 kilograms;

5) gather

Plant rhizome of gathering after 5 years to be used as medicine, in 10-early November, when plant withers on the ground, select to excavate at fine day, first cut off cauline leaf, then excavate from the side with hoe, dig out stem tuber, keep stem tuber complete, shake off earth, in the bamboo basket loading clean, nontoxic, anosis worm or plastic crate, have the rhizome of bud to give over to kind, remaining rhizome is used for processing and is used as medicine.

More than show and describe general principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; what describe in above-described embodiment and specification just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.Application claims protection domain is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.

Claims (1)

1. an ecological cultivation method for paris polyphylla, is characterized in that: comprise following method step,

1) selection of land

In the Wannan mountainous area area of height above sea level 500-3000 rice, the more plot of the deep humus of soil property is selected to open up wasteland, be good with good water permeability, subacidity humic red soil, sieve goes stone in soil and weeds, smooth rear covering 20 centimeters of humus soil, the wide 1.2m in seedbed, high 20cm, furrow width 30cm, sets up shading screen with cement pole;

2) cultivate

Select local raw without going mouldy and the wild seed of full maturation, start cultivation the 2-4 month, steep 2 hours by 50% carbendazim, 500 times of immersions, seed is sowed on ready-made seedbed by the seeding row spacing of 15 × 15cm, and seed broadcasts humus soil and the ash of rear covering 1:1, the thick 1.5cm of earthing, again at moisture in the soil face upper cover grass, thickness is advisable not reveal soil, waters permeable, keep moistening, cultivate before and after latter 15 days and start to germinate;

3) manage

(1) dry season waters a water every day, and weeding does not have concrete time restriction, has grass just to remove, and the high temperature season of the 6-7 month will be noted sheltering from heat or light especially, also will water water for cooling if desired, and temperature is controlled within 30 DEG C;

(2) fertilizer is the important step of growth, by humus soil and sheep excrement according to 1:1 Homogeneous phase mixing, then covers and light smoked 36 hours with fire on weeds, and obtained fertilizer, applies according to every mu of each 1000kg, and annual 2 fertilisings are for the first time before and after sprouting 20 days; Second time is in the animated period grown i.e. the 6-7 month;

(3) seedling of cultivating then starts withered seedling in late September, and the rhizome position of underground enters resting stage, stops growing, and first covers one deck in the winter time with pine needle, then uses rice straw mulching one deck, reaches moisturizing and to resist cold object; In spring in next year, open covering, start germinating growth;

4) extermination of disease and insect pest;

(1) root rot: main harm subterranean stem, causes subterranean stem rotten to the corn, with 500 times of carbendazim seed soaking 1 during transplanting---and 2 hours, dredging drain ditch, if fallen ill, available carbendazim 500 times of liquid or water, to alleviate harm with 200 times of lime waters;

(2) leaf blight: main harm blade, next endangers stem, bennet and capsule and subterranean stem, causes subterranean stem rotten to the corn, prevention and controls: draining in time, loosen the soil, and finds just initial illness, available 200 times of bordeaux mixture spraying;

(3) cutworm, grub: harm root, available 90% trichlorphon, every mu of 180-200 gram, stirs fragrant wheat skin or 8-10 kilograms, rice bran, is spread on field for trapping;

5) gather

Plant rhizome of gathering after 5 years to be used as medicine, in 10-early November, when plant withers on the ground, select to excavate at fine day, first cut off cauline leaf, then excavate from the side with hoe, dig out stem tuber, keep stem tuber complete, shake off earth, in the bamboo basket loading clean, nontoxic, anosis worm or plastic crate, have the rhizome of bud to give over to kind, remaining rhizome is used for processing and is used as medicine.