CN105294225A - Special organic bio-fertilizer for Paris polyphylla - Google Patents
Special organic bio-fertilizer for Paris polyphylla Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bio-fertilizer for plantation of Paris polyphylla. The bio-fertilizer is prepared by mixing cow dung, sawdust and crushed corncob, subjecting the obtained mixture to high temperature fermentation by bacillus subtilis for 3 to 10 d, adding a rape cake, urea, potassium sulfate and disodium hydrogen phosphate into a product obtained after fermentation, carrying out uniform mixing under stirring, and carrying out normal temperature stirring fermentation by Lipomyces starkeyi for 3 to 10 d. According to the invention, high temperature is employed for decaying a great number of weed seeds in the cow dung, and high temperature fermentation can effectively prevent the situation of root burning of Paris polyphylla and benefits rapid deodorization of the cow dung; through secondary fermentation, loss of substances like urea in the process of high temperature fermentation is avoided, the efficiency of conversion of inorganic nitrogen into organic nitrogen is improved, and long-acting performance of the fertilizer is guaranteed; and a great number of organic matters like the cow dung, the sawdust and the rape cake are employed and the organic matters contain abundant cellulose, which is beneficial for improving a soil structure and promotes rapid growth of roots of Paris polyphylla.
Description
Art
The present invention relates to the special organic biofertilizer of a kind of Rhizoma Paridis, belong to fertilizer processing technique field.
Background technology
Rhizoma Paridis is per nnial herb, another name typhonium gigateum, arrow, a Rhizoma Paridis etc.Wild Rhizoma Paridis is distributed in the provinces such as Hunan, Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou, main producing region is the western Hunan in Hunan, the middle regions of the Yunnan Province in Yunnan, the western regions of the Yunnan Province and Northwest Yunnan, growth is 1400 ~ 3100m at height above sea level, average temperature of the whole year is 10 ~ 13 DEG C, the cool and cold climate of annual rainfall 850 ~ 1200mm, is born in evergreen broad-leaved forest, theropencedrymion, dark and damp place, hillside and thicket mountain region more.Rhizoma Paridis just enters reproductive stage after growing 5 ~ 6 years from seed germination.Rhizoma Paridis is used as medicine with rhizome, and autumn gathers.Its cold nature bitter, slightly poisonous, return Liver Channel, have clearing heat and detoxicating, swelling and pain relieving, the effects such as cool liver arresting convulsion, cure mainly furunculosis carbuncle and swell, swelling and pain in the throat, venomous snake bite, traumatic pain, the diseases such as convulsion with spasms.Modern pharmacological research proves, Rhizoma Paridis has hemostasis, eliminate the phlegm and antibacterial, sedation and analgesia, antiearly pregnancy kill the effect such as sperm, anti-cell poison, clinically be used for the treatment of dysfunctional uterine hemorrhage, neurodermatitis, surgery inflammation and tumour etc., there is significant curative effect.Domesticly with Rhizoma Paridis be that the product of main raw material has that Yunnan white powder series, tranquilizing uterine blood, heat poison are clear, antiviral granule, jidesheng sheyao tablets, Rhizoma Paridis removing toxic substances tincture etc.
Due to the poor growth of Rhizoma Paridis rhizome, add that pharmacy corporation increases greatly to Rhizoma Paridis raw materials requirement, Rhizoma Paridis wild resource is excessively excavated for a long time disorderly, the supply of natural crude drugs constantly reduces, and can not meet domestic take Rhizoma Paridis as the Production requirement of the pharmacy corporation of raw material.Rhizoma Paridis needs the time of more than 8 years from being seeded into harvesting utilization, pharmacy corporation is for obtaining more raw materials, and increase substantially Rhizoma Paridis purchasing price, now good product purchasing price has reached 700 yuan/more than kg, is 16 ~ 30 times before 5 years.Purchasing price goes up and stimulates excessive the excavating of peasant again, excavates the speed of speed considerably beyond wild resource flourish, causes Rhizoma Paridis to become scarce resource.The rare bottleneck having become the relevant pharmacy corporation scale production of restriction and Sustainable development of Rhizoma Paridis.Carry out Rhizoma Paridis artificial culture, ensure medicinal material effective supply, meet pharmacy corporation demand, promote the well-being of mankind health, imperative.But artificial culture Rhizoma Paridis exists some gordian techniquies anxious to be captured, as sapling multiplication, technical problem such as plantation matrix and planting environment etc.
Rhizoma Paridis seed dormancy degree is high, sprouting is slow, seedling rate unicellular lower eukaryote feature limits, and seed seedling breeding difficulty is large; Propagation of Rhizomes is not only because using vegetative reproduction, and Rhizoma Paridis rhizome demand is large, and wild resource is fallen sharply, and kind of matter can be made to degenerate, and resistance declines; Up to now, the tissue culture aspect of Rhizoma Paridis is not yet achieved satisfactory results.Lack efficient sapling multiplication technology and perfect seedling breeding standards system, lack the key factor that the supply of Rhizoma Paridis high quality seedling is restriction Rhizoma Paridis cultivation fast development.
Publication number a kind of Rhizoma Paridis high yield cultivating method that has been the Introduction To Cn Patent of CN104272967A, is characterized in that: use formula fertilizer Liquid Fertilizer after Rhizoma Paridis field planting, sprays page fertilizer after seedling bud goes out ground 15CM; Within every 23 days, spray once; Described formula fertilizer is made up of the article comprising following weight: fluid potassium 3-8 part, coring many 2-6 part, Rare-earth elements nutrient solution 3-8 part, pure water 2000-3000 part.
In sum, current plantation Rhizoma Paridis all adopts a large amount of fertilizer, simultaneously prevent heavy metals exceeding standard again, now all with cow dung, sawdust for main matrix, can promote that planting site is soft in a large number, be conducive to the growth of Rhizoma Paridis rhizome system, but directly use cow dung and sawdust, easily cause Rhizoma Paridis rhizome to burn to death, simultaneously because cow dung contains a large amount of weed seed, there is a large amount of weed growth when planting and cultivate Rhizoma Paridis seedling later, affect its fertilizer efficiency widely.In addition, only use when cow dung and sawdust and easily cause nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium deficiency.If when directly adding inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus, sylvite, these inorganic salt also can be caused to run off, fertilise is improper also easily causes Rhizoma Paridis to burn root death.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus, sylvite losing issue, solve and directly use cow dung and sawdust to there will be Rhizoma Paridis rhizome to burn problem to death simultaneously, farthest can be rotted again weed seed in cow dung, the invention provides a kind of rational technology, simple to operate, process cycle is short, cow dung and sawdust comprehensive utilization degree is high, quick fermentation cow dung and sawdust prepare Rhizoma Paridis fertilizer special for organic production technique, can promote that Rhizoma Paridis grows, increasing both production and income, raising quality new patent organic fertilizer.
The microbial strains that the present invention adopts, saccharomyces oleaginosus bacterium (Lipomycesstarkeyi) derives from China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center, is numbered CGMCCNo.2.1560; Subtilis (Bacillussubtilis) Lys-979 is preserved in No. 3, Yard 1, BeiChen xi Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing City on September 8th, 2015, China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center, preserving number: CGMCCNo.11333.
The preparation of saccharomyces oleaginosus bacterium powder: cultivate by saccharomyces oleaginosus bacterium CGMCCNo.2.1560 cultural method, centrifugation medium obtains saccharomyces oleaginosus thalline, and drying is saccharomyces oleaginosus bacterium powder.
The preparation of fermentation of bacillus subtilis liquid: carry out cultivation 2 ~ 4 days by subtilis CGMCCNo.11333 cultural method, obtain fermented liquid for subsequent use.
Therefore, the present invention's first object is to provide the special organic biofertilizer formula of a kind of Rhizoma Paridis.
In one embodiment, the special organic biofertilizer of Rhizoma Paridis is made up of with following weight part each raw material composition: cow dung 40 ~ 80 parts, through subtilis Lys-979 thermophilic fermentation 3 ~ 10 days after 10 ~ 30 parts, sawdust and the corn cob 15 ~ 35 parts pulverized mix, fermentation after product adds rape oil cake 20 ~ 60 parts to carry out being mixed to get mixture, in mixture, add final concentration is again 0.5% ~ 5% urea, 0.5% ~ 5% saltpetre, 0.5% ~ 5% Sodium phosphate dibasic, after stirring, within 3 ~ 10 days, namely finished product is obtained again through the fermentation of saccharomyces oleaginosus bacterium stirring at normal temperature.
In a specific embodiment, wherein each material composition forms with following weight part: through subtilis Lys-979 thermophilic fermentation 5 ~ 7 days after cow dung 50 ~ 70 parts, 15 ~ 25 parts, sawdust and corn cob 20 ~ 30 parts mixing of pulverizing, fermentation after product adds rape oil cake 30 ~ 50 parts to carry out being mixed to get mixture, in mixture, add final concentration is again 1.5% ~ 3.5% urea, 1.5% ~ 3.5% saltpetre, 1% ~ 3% Sodium phosphate dibasic, after stirring, then within 4 ~ 8 days, namely obtain finished product through the fermentation of saccharomyces oleaginosus bacterium stirring at normal temperature.
In another embodiment, wherein each material composition forms with following weight part: through subtilis Lys-979 thermophilic fermentation 5 ~ 7 days after cow dung 60 parts, 20 parts, sawdust and the corn cob 25 parts mixing of pulverizing, fermentation after product adds rape oil cake 45 parts to carry out being mixed to get mixture, in mixture, add final concentration is again 2.5% urea, 2.5% saltpetre, 1.5% Sodium phosphate dibasic, after stirring, then within 5 ~ 6 days, namely obtain finished product through the fermentation of saccharomyces oleaginosus bacterium stirring at normal temperature.
The present invention's second object is to provide the special organic biofertilizer of a kind of Rhizoma Paridis, and concrete steps comprise as follows:
(1) corn cob of cow dung, sawdust and pulverizing is mixed by a certain percentage, control the water content of this mixture 30% ~ 50%;
(2) inoculate subtilis Lys-979 fermented liquid, inoculum size is 1% ~ 10% mass ratio, mixes rear plastic film covering and is incubated.
(3) temperature of mixture is controlled more than 50 DEG C, fermentation time 3 ~ 10 days.
(4) add rape oil cake 20 ~ 60 parts to subtilis Lys-979 fermentation after product again to carry out being mixed to get mixture, in mixture, add final concentration is again 0.5% ~ 5% urea, 0.5% ~ 5% saltpetre, 0.5% ~ 5% Sodium phosphate dibasic, after stirring, inoculate drier oil fat yeast powder, inoculum size is 5% ~ 15% mass ratio.
(5) will inoculate the mixture water content control of drier oil fat yeast powder 30% ~ 50%, temperature controls at 20 DEG C ~ more than 30 DEG C, and stirring fermentation time is 3 ~ 10 days.
(6), after being terminated by yeast fermentation, directly apply land for growing field crops after mixing with river sand with the bacterial manure of yeasty notes, also can add water is a granulated into granular fertilizers, for potted plant.
In described step (1) blending ratio of cow dung and sawdust be cow dung 40 ~ 80 parts, 15 ~ 35 parts, sawdust, the corn cob 15 ~ 35 parts pulverized.
In described step (2), the inoculum size of Lys-979 fermented liquid is 1% ~ 10%, and the volume of this fermented liquid is L is unit, and the mixture that step (1) obtains is in units of kg.
In described step (4) blending ratio of rape oil cake and cow dung, sawdust, corn cob be rape oil cake 20 ~ 60 parts, cow dung 40 ~ 80 parts, 10 ~ 30 parts, sawdust and the corn cob 15 ~ 35 parts pulverized; Wherein % refers to mass ratio, if 5% urea is that 5 grams, urea mixes with 95 grams of mixtures.
In described step (5), the inoculum size of saccharomyces oleaginosus bacterium powder is 5% ~ 15%, and the weight of saccharomyces oleaginosus bacterium powder is kg is unit, and the mixture that step (5) obtains is in units of kg.
Described subtilis Lys-979 characteristic introduction: this bacterial classification living bacteria count is high, inoculation solid fermentation microbial inoculum is greater than 20,000,000,000/g, or liquid fermentation agent is greater than 10,000,000,000/mL; Subtilis Lys-979 fermented manure quick heating, in summer, compost 2 days, just can reach more than 60 DEG C, 3-5 days in heap, compost temperature reaches more than 78 DEG C, is conducive to base-material quick composting.Winter, compost 3 days, compost temperature just can reach more than 55 DEG C, 4-5 days, and compost temperature reaches more than 65 DEG C, is conducive to base-material quick composting; Subtilis Lys-979 heatproof is high, keeps 24 hours more than 80 DEG C, and viability keeps 80%.
Technique effect:
1, adopt high temperature to rot a large amount of weed seed in cow dung, effectively can prevent Rhizoma Paridis from burning root situation by thermophilic fermentation and occur, be also conducive to cow dung fast deodorization.
2, by Secondary Fermentation, avoid the loss of the materials such as urea in thermophilic fermentation process, be conducive to the content improving available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium in fertilizer, simultaneously nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium by microbial cells mass storage again, ensure that the long-lasting of fertilizer.
3, have employed the organic matters such as a large amount of cow dung, sawdust, the corn cob of pulverizing and rape oil cake, these are organic is also conducive to improving Soil structure containing a large amount of Mierocrystalline celluloses, promotes that Rhizoma Paridis rhizome system grows fast.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described, and following examples are intended to the present invention instead of limitation of the invention further are described.
Embodiment 1
Subtilis Lys-979 screens: weed separating obtained high temperature resistant genus bacillus Lys-979 the maize straw of the wet heap of garden high temperature, straw, tobacco rod heap from Agricultural University Of Hunan, through identification of morphology and 16SRNA evolutionary tree Molecular Identification, bacterial strain Lys-979 is subtilis (Bacillussubtilis).Subtilis Lys-979 is preserved in China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center, preserving number: CGMCCNo.11333 on September 8th, 2015.Subtilis Lys-979 slant culture based formulas: yeast extract paste 0.5%, glucose 2.0%, agar powder 0.7%, pH7.0, water 250mL, 121 DEG C of sterilizing 25min; 40 DEG C, cultivate 12 ~ 18 hours; The liquid culture based formulas of this bacterium and fermentation condition: inoculated bacterial strain Lys-979 test tube slant in a ring to 4 bottle 500mL triangular flask, culture medium prescription is yeast extract paste 0.5%, glucose 2.0%, pH7.0, water 250mL, 121 DEG C of sterilizing 25min; 40 DEG C, 200rpm fermentation 12 ~ 18 hours, in fermented liquid, bacterium number reaches 50 ~ 10,000,000,000/mL.
Embodiment 2
600kg cow dung and 250kg sawdust are mixed with the corn cob 200kg pulverized, controls the water content of this mixture 30% ~ 50%; Inoculation 75L subtilis Lys-979 fermented liquid, mixes rear plastic film covering and is incubated.The temperature of mixture controlled more than 50 DEG C, fermentation time is 8 days.Add rape oil cake 300kg to subtilis Lys-979 fermentation after product again to carry out being mixed to get mixture, in mixture, add final concentration is again 2.0% urea, 1.5% saltpetre, 1.5% Sodium phosphate dibasic, after stirring, inoculate 70kg drier oil fat yeast powder.By the mixture water content control of inoculation drier oil fat yeast powder 30% ~ 50%, temperature controls at 20 DEG C ~ more than 30 DEG C, and stirring fermentation time is 8 days.After being terminated by yeast fermentation, directly apply land for growing field crops after mixing with river sand with the bacterial manure of yeasty notes, also can add water is a granulated into granular fertilizers, for potted plant.
Comparative examples 2
600kg cow dung, 250kg sawdust and the corn cob 200kg that pulverized are mixed, then adds rape oil cake 300kg and mix, add 2.0% urea, 1.5% saltpetre, 1.5% Sodium phosphate dibasic, control the water content of this mixture 30% ~ 50%.Inoculation 75L subtilis Lys-979 fermented liquid, inoculation saccharomyces oleaginosus bacterium powder 70kg, mix the insulation of rear plastic film covering, the temperature of mixture controlled more than 50 DEG C, fermentation time is 16 days.
Comparative examples 3
600kg cow dung and 200kg sawdust are mixed with the corn cob 200kg pulverized, then adds the mixing of 300kg yellow ginger filter residue, add 2.0% urea, 1.5% saltpetre, 1.5% Sodium phosphate dibasic, control the water content of this mixture 30% ~ 50%.Inoculation 75L subtilis Lys-979 fermented liquid, inoculation saccharomyces oleaginosus bacterium powder 80kg, mixes.
Embodiment 3
1200kg cow dung, 500kg sawdust corn cob 400kg that is last and that pulverized are mixed, controls the water content containing this mixture of control of this mixture 30% ~ 50%; Inoculation 150L subtilis Lys-979 fermented liquid, mixes rear plastic film covering and is incubated.The temperature of mixture is controlled more than 50 DEG C, ferment 10 day time.Add 500kg rape oil cake to subtilis Lys-979 fermentation after product again to carry out being mixed to get mixture, in mixture, add final concentration is again 2.5% urea, 2.5% saltpetre, 2.0% Sodium phosphate dibasic, after stirring, inoculate drier oil fat yeast powder 140kg.The mixture water content control of inoculation drier oil fat yeast powder is 30% ~ 50%, and temperature controls at 20 DEG C ~ more than 30 DEG C, stirs the 9 day time of fermentation.After being terminated by yeast fermentation, directly apply land for growing field crops after mixing with river sand with the bacterial manure of yeasty notes, also can add water is a granulated into granular fertilizers, for potted plant.
Embodiment 4
1400kg cow dung, 400kg sawdust corn cob 450kg that is last and that pulverized are mixed, controls the water content of this mixture 30% ~ 50%; Inoculation subtilis Lys-979 fermented liquid 200L, mixes rear plastic film covering and is incubated.The temperature of mixture controlled more than 50 DEG C, fermentation time is 8 days.Add 600kg rape oil cake to subtilis Lys-979 fermentation after product again to carry out being mixed to get mixture, in mixture, add final concentration is again 1.8% urea, 2.5% saltpetre, 2.5% Sodium phosphate dibasic, after stirring, inoculate drier oil fat yeast powder 250kg.By the mixture water content control of inoculation drier oil fat yeast powder 30% ~ 50%, temperature controls at 20 DEG C ~ more than 30 DEG C, stirs fermentation time 8 days.After being terminated by yeast fermentation, directly apply land for growing field crops after mixing with river sand with the bacterial manure of yeasty notes, also can add water is a granulated into granular fertilizers, for potted plant.
Organic nitrogen content measures, and adopt Kjeldahl determination to measure, blank is non-leavened prod.Gained sample is carried out each sampling, each measurement index samples 50 grams, and by each analytic sample when pre-treatment, the water adding 200mL carries out more than immersion 30min, and 10000rpm more than high speed centrifugation 10min, removes supernatant, gets precipitation and carries out measuring each index.
Table 1
Claims (8)
1. the special organic biofertilizer of Rhizoma Paridis is made up of with following weight part each raw material composition: through subtilis Lys-979 thermophilic fermentation 3 ~ 10 days after cow dung 40 ~ 80 parts, 10 ~ 30 parts, sawdust and corn cob 15 ~ 35 parts mixing of pulverizing, fermentation after product adds rape oil cake 20 ~ 60 parts to carry out being mixed to get mixture, in mixture, add final concentration is again 0.5% ~ 5% urea, 0.5% ~ 5% saltpetre, 0.5% ~ 5% Sodium phosphate dibasic, after stirring, then within 3 ~ 10 days, namely obtain finished product through the fermentation of saccharomyces oleaginosus bacterium stirring at normal temperature.
2. the special organic biofertilizer of Rhizoma Paridis according to claim 1, wherein each material composition forms with following weight part: cow dung 50 ~ 70 parts, through subtilis Lys-979 thermophilic fermentation 5 ~ 7 days after 15 ~ 25 parts, sawdust and the corn cob 20 ~ 30 parts pulverized mix, fermentation after product adds rape oil cake 30 ~ 50 parts to carry out being mixed to get mixture, in mixture, add final concentration is again 1.5% ~ 3.5% urea, 1.5% ~ 3.5% saltpetre, 1% ~ 3% Sodium phosphate dibasic, after stirring, within 4 ~ 8 days, namely finished product is obtained again through the fermentation of saccharomyces oleaginosus bacterium stirring at normal temperature.
3. the special organic biofertilizer of Rhizoma Paridis according to claim 1, wherein each material composition forms with following weight part: through subtilis Lys-979 thermophilic fermentation 5 ~ 7 days after cow dung 60 parts, 20 parts, sawdust and the corn cob 25 parts mixing of pulverizing, fermentation after product adds rape oil cake 45 parts to carry out being mixed to get mixture, in mixture, add final concentration is again 2.5% urea, 2.5% saltpetre, 1.5% Sodium phosphate dibasic, after stirring, then within 5 ~ 6 days, namely obtain finished product through the fermentation of saccharomyces oleaginosus bacterium stirring at normal temperature.
4., according to the preparation technology of the special organic biofertilizer of the Rhizoma Paridis of claims 1 to 3, its concrete steps comprise as follows:
(1) corn cob of cow dung, sawdust and pulverizing is mixed by a certain percentage, control the water content of this mixture 30% ~ 50%;
(2) inoculate subtilis Lys-979 fermented liquid, inoculum size is 1% ~ 10% mass ratio, mixes rear plastic film covering and is incubated.
(3) temperature of mixture is controlled more than 50 DEG C, fermentation time 3 ~ 10 days.
(4) add rape oil cake 20 ~ 60 parts to subtilis Lys-979 fermentation after product again to carry out being mixed to get mixture, in mixture, add final concentration is again 0.5% ~ 5% urea, 0.5% ~ 5% saltpetre, 0.5% ~ 5% Sodium phosphate dibasic, after stirring, inoculate drier oil fat yeast powder, inoculum size is 5% ~ 15% mass ratio.
(5) will inoculate the mixture water content control of drier oil fat yeast powder 30% ~ 50%, temperature controls at 20 DEG C ~ more than 30 DEG C, and stirring fermentation time is 3 ~ 10 days.
(6), after being terminated by yeast fermentation, directly apply land for growing field crops after mixing with river sand with the bacterial manure of yeasty notes, also can add water is a granulated into granular fertilizers, for potted plant.
5. manufacture craft according to claim 4, in step (1) blending ratio of cow dung and sawdust be cow dung 40 ~ 80 parts, 10 ~ 30 parts, sawdust, the corn cob 15 ~ 35 parts pulverized.
6. manufacture craft according to claim 4, in step (2), the inoculum size of Lys-979 fermented liquid is 1% ~ 10%, and the volume of this fermented liquid is L is unit, and the mixture that step (1) obtains is in units of kg.
7. manufacture craft according to claim 4, in step (4) blending ratio of rape oil cake and cow dung, sawdust, corn cob be rape oil cake 20 ~ 60 parts, cow dung 40 ~ 80 parts, 10 ~ 30 parts, sawdust and the corn cob 15 ~ 35 parts pulverized.
8. manufacture craft according to claim 4, in step (5), the inoculum size of saccharomyces oleaginosus bacterium powder is 5% ~ 15%, and the weight of saccharomyces oleaginosus bacterium powder is kg is unit, and the mixture that step (5) obtains is in units of kg.
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| CN110157448A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-08-23 | 浙江省萧山棉麻研究所 | A kind of tree peony special-purpose soil modifying agent |
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Application publication date: 20160203 |