CN103650893A - Topping and pruning method for plum tree crown - Google Patents
Topping and pruning method for plum tree crown Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103650893A CN103650893A CN201310732003.XA CN201310732003A CN103650893A CN 103650893 A CN103650893 A CN 103650893A CN 201310732003 A CN201310732003 A CN 201310732003A CN 103650893 A CN103650893 A CN 103650893A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- pinching
- time
- topping
- japanese plum
- tree crown
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a topping and pruning method for a plum tree crown. The method includes the steps of topping in summer and pruning in winter, the step of topping in summer includes three times of topping, the topping for the first time is at the first ten-day period of May, the topping for the second time is from the last ten-day period of June to the first ten-day period of July, and the topping for the third time is at the first-ten-day period of August. The pruning time in winter is from the middle ten-day period of November to the middle ten-day period of January in the next year. The topping and pruning method can promote dwarfing of a plum tree, the plume tree crown can be formed and is sturdy in main and lateral branch, reasonable or ideal in number and distribution or structure and high in yield, the situations that redundant branches consume nutrient and cause crown closure are reduced, dwarfing, ventilation and light transmission of tree bodies and cultivation management of a plume tree garden are facilitated, reproduction growth is promoted through dwarfing, close planting, centralized nutrient supplying and photosynthesis enhancement, differentiation forming of bearing branches and flower bud differentiation can be accelerated, and the plum tree can be promoted to bear fruits in advance and promote the high yield of the plum tree garden.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural planting field, relate in particular to a kind of trimming method of pinching of Japanese plum tree crown.
Background technology
Japanese plum is resistance to lean, drought-enduring, and rock exposed rate in suitable especially stony desertification mountain area is high, ecology fragility, severe water and soil erosion, thin, the easy drought and waterlogging particular surroundings of soil layer, is the important fruit tree of my Limestone Mountain Areas, ground.The water sprout of Japanese plum is not born fruit, and because it is is mainly nourished and grown, undifferentiated bud, but can prune and cultivate elongated shoot by pinching, and becomes the basic framework that forms Japanese plum high yield tree crown; The axillalry bud that Japanese plum is given birth to water sprout (elongated shoot) middle and lower part is then when condition is suitable, and small part axillalry bud can be extracted fruit spur and weak branch (elongated compared with fruit spur) then out, and most axillalry buds can be extracted fruit spur and weak branch out in next year.Fruit spur and weak branch belong to fruit bearing shoot, mainly carry out reproductive growth, have then the flower bud differentiation, next year can result, and just the bud of weak branch differentiation is few and fragmentary, and the bud of fruit spur differentiation is many and concentrate, and its quality and quantity is the material base that Japanese plum is got bumper crops.High yield Li Yuan need to have more high yield Japanese plum individual, reasonably dwarfing can dense planting, increase the individual amount of high yield Japanese plum, and be conducive to the pruning management of Japanese plum tree crown and gathering of fruit; And every strain Japanese plum has the tree crown that good basic framework and quantity, distribution or fruit spur rational in infrastructure, weak branch are regarded as having high yield, it is the basis of its sustainable high yield.
In prior art, the patent of invention that is CN102726266A as the patent No. discloses the cultivation method of purple amber Japanese plum, its disclosed trimming method reservation center is dry, base portion 3～5 major branches of selecting and remain, without the second major branch, the last side shoot that is equipped with of major branch, on side shoot raw fruit bearing shoot or fruit-bearing shoot cluster, its shortcoming is: the dry growth rate in its center is faster than the speed of other major branches, causes the dry branch height in center apparently higher than other major branches, can affect output and the quality of plum.
Summary of the invention
For above technical problem, the invention provides a kind of trimming method of pinching of Japanese plum tree crown, realize Li Yuan and downgrade dense planting and sustainable high yield.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
The trimming method of pinching of Japanese plum tree crown, comprises that pinch summer and winter pruning, wherein:
Pinching described summer comprises and pinching for three times, and Topping Time is the first tenday period of a month in May for the first time, for the second time Topping Time be late June to early July, Topping Time is early August for the third time;
The described winter pruning time is in mid-January mid-November to next year.
The reservation length of the elongated shoot of pinching for the first time and pinch for the second time of further, pinching described summer is 30～40cm.
The reservation length of the elongated shoot of pinching for the third time of further, pinching described summer is 25～30cm.
Further, described winter pruning concrete steps are: raw elongated shoot then is preferentially pruned, retain that wherein 1-2 vigorous branches is as elongated shoot, remaining elongated shoot and not yet lignified water sprout are all cut from base portion, retain the fruit spur of raw elongated shoot middle and lower part then and weak.
Further, the trimming method of originally pinching is applicable to 2 years raw seedlings and the grafting Japanese plum of field planting.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the present invention can promote Japanese plum to downgrade, form main, side shoot is sturdy, quantity and distribution or the comparatively reasonable or desirable Japanese plum high yield tree crown of structure, reducing unnecessary branch consumes nutrient and causes canopy, be conducive to set the cultivation management in low body, ventilation and penetrating light He Li garden, by downgrading dense planting, concentrate nutrient supply and strengthening photosynthesis promotion reproductive growth, can accelerate being differentiated to form and flower bud differentiation of fruit bearing shoot, promote the Japanese plum He Li garden high yield of bearing fruit in advance.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is elaborated:
Embodiment 1:
The trimming method of pinching of Japanese plum tree crown, comprises the raw grafting plum seedling field planting pruning of pinching then then.
(1) prepare 1 of common secateurs, for wiping out the terminal bud of Japanese plum summer, the water sprout of winter pruning Japanese plum.
(2) raw Japanese plum grafting more than height of seedling can reach 1m as last in field planting then, the nursery stock interface that adopts the grafting of cut-grafting method is 10cm overhead generally, and the stock of this nursery stock is long is 10cm, when the young sprout growing after grafting grows to 20-30cm, pinches, and inspires 3-5 young sprouts.The trunk height standard that is Japanese plum is fixed to 30-40cm, stays 2-4 branches, and long branch retains 30-50cm field planting.
(3) pinch summer:
1. the first tenday period of a month in May, to field planting, the secondary water sprout growing of the plum seedling branch first round is (orthotropic for major branch then, level or upper sideways growth for side shoot) pinch for the first time, when water sprout growth reaches 30～40cm, with secateurs, cut off terminal bud, retain the long elongated shoot of 30～40cm.By removing apical dominance, promote growth hormone to redistribute the sprouting that stimulates elongated shoot axillalry bud.
2. late June is to early July, and the water sprout of the second round growing on elongated shoot (orthotropic is major branch, level or upper sideways growth be side shoot) is pinched for the second time.When water sprout growth reaches 30～40cm, cut off terminal bud, retain the long elongated shoot of 30～40cm.
3. late August, the water sprout that the third round growing on elongated shoot is inferior is pinched for the third time.Until water sprout growth, reach 30cm and can cut off terminal bud when above, retain the elongated shoot of 30cm about long.Pinching for the third time, the Crown growizg of Japanese plum is particularly important then to field planting, can form so then the tree crown basic framework consisting of three round elongated shoots, and individual plant Japanese plum high yield tree crown can basic forming.Field planting initial stage rich water quality management and nutrition space are sufficient, and plum seedling growth potential is vigorous, generally can realize the target of pinching three times.
(4) select winter to prune: mid-January mid-November to next year, to 3～5 that after pinching summer, near each elongated shoot top, form then raw elongated shoot preferentially prune, retain wherein 2 vigorous branches as elongated shoot, the water sprout of remaining elongated shoot and not yet lignification (aging) is all cut from base portion, retain fruit spur and the weak branch of raw elongated shoot middle and lower part then, as the fruit bearing shoot of next year.Field planting elongated shoot then on average retains 2, can promote to enter high yield period in advance by increasing the quantity of elongated shoot.Field planting Second Year generally can be just fruit, but do not take fertile training measure to be promoted because target at this moment do not bear fruit, but promote to nourish and grow, accelerate to form powerful tree crown.
The present embodiment is applicable to 2 years raw seedlings and the grafting Japanese plum of field planting, from Japanese plum field planting, carry out every year pinching summer then and later and preferentially prune with winter, the tree crown of individual plant Japanese plum can be controlled in 1.5m～2m (height) * 2m～2.5m(wide cut) scope, Li Yuanke presses the seeding row spacing field planting of 3m * 4m, every mu can field planting 55 strains, (the seeding row spacing field planting of 4m * 4m is pressed in conventional orchard to every mu of many field planting 13 strains of comparable Routine Management, every mu of only field planting 42 strains), thereby it is individual to increase high yield, and can be time beginning of the year fruit of field planting, than conventional orchard 2 years in advance after field planting, within the 4th year to the 5th year, enter high yield period (conventional orchard generally the 6th year after field planting entered high yield period to the 7th year), high yield period, average year per mu yield reached more than 2000 kilograms, than 500 kilograms of conventional orchard year volume increase per mu above (conventional orchard high yield period average year per mu yield is 1500 kilograms of left and right).If be aided with fertilizer training, flowers and fruits, damage by disease and insect and the water-saving irrigation administrative skill of science, not only Li Yuan gets bumper crops, and can effectively improve fruit quality.
Embodiment 2:
The trimming method of pinching of Japanese plum tree crown, comprises within the 5th year to the 6th year, entering the pruning of pinching of high yield period result Japanese plum after field planting.
(1) prepare 1 of secateurs, for wiping out the terminal bud of Japanese plum summer, the water sprout of winter pruning Japanese plum.
(2) adopt the technology of the present invention management Li garden, within the 4th year to the 5th year, entering high yield period after field planting.At this moment the height of tree of individual plant Japanese plum reaches nearly 2m, and tree fabric width degree reaches nearly 2.5-3m, has reached the standard that orchard standard individual plant Japanese plum tree crown is controlled.
(3) pinch summer:
1. the first tenday period of a month in May, to Japanese plum, the secondary water sprout growing of the first round is (orthotropic for major branch then, level or upper sideways growth for side shoot) pinch for the first time, when water sprout growth reaches 30～40cm, with spring shears, cut off terminal bud, retain the long elongated shoot of 30～40cm.
2. late June is to early July, and the water sprout growing on elongated shoot (orthotropicly erase in time, level or upper sideways growth be major branch and side shoot) is pinched for the second time.When the water sprout growth of major branch and side shoot reaches 30～40cm, cut off terminal bud, retain the long elongated shoot of 30～40cm.High yield period the pinching for the third time and generally can omit of Japanese plum, the one because it has been transferred to and take reproductive growth as the main stage, the situation that grows third round water sprout is less; The 2nd, need in the winter time the inferior water sprout of third round be pruned away, to avoid the excessive closing of tree crown.Only have indivedual small and weak individual plant Japanese plums that continue cultivation tree crown that need are just adopted to the measure of pinching for the third time.
(4) select winter to prune: mid-January mid-November to next year, to 3～5 that after pinching summer, near each elongated shoot top, form then raw elongated shoot preferentially prune, retain wherein 1～2 vigorous branches as elongated shoot, the water sprout of remaining elongated shoot and not yet lignification (aging) is all cut from base portion, retain fruit spur and the weak branch of raw elongated shoot middle and lower part then, as the fruit bearing shoot of next year.High yield period, the elongated shoot of fruit tree generally retained wherein 1, and depending on the circumstances or the needs of the situation minority can retain 2.
The tree crown of this technology individual plant Japanese plum can be controlled in 1.5m～2m (height) * 2m～2.5m(wide cut) scope, Li Yuanke presses the seeding row spacing field planting of 3m * 4m, every mu can field planting 55 strains, (the seeding row spacing field planting of 4m * 4m is pressed in conventional orchard to every mu of many field planting 13 strains of comparable Routine Management, every mu of only field planting 42 strains), thereby it is individual to increase high yield, and can be time beginning of the year fruit of field planting, than conventional orchard 2 years in advance after field planting, within the 4th year to the 5th year, enter high yield period (conventional orchard generally the 6th year after field planting entered high yield period to the 7th year), high yield period, average year per mu yield reached more than 2000 kilograms, than 500 kilograms of conventional orchard year volume increase per mu above (conventional orchard high yield period average year per mu yield is 1500 kilograms of left and right).If be aided with fertilizer training, flowers and fruits, damage by disease and insect and the water-saving irrigation administrative skill of science, not only Li Yuan gets bumper crops, and can effectively improve fruit quality.
Claims (5)
1. the trimming method of pinching of Japanese plum tree crown, is characterized in that: comprise that pinch summer and winter pruning, wherein:
Pinching described summer comprises and pinching for three times, and Topping Time is the first tenday period of a month in May for the first time, for the second time Topping Time be late June to early July, Topping Time is early August for the third time;
The described winter pruning time is in mid-January mid-November to next year.
2. the trimming method of pinching of Japanese plum tree crown according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the reservation length of the elongated shoot of pinching for the first time and pinch for the second time of pinching described summer is 30～40cm.
3. the trimming method of pinching of Japanese plum tree crown according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the reservation length of the elongated shoot of pinching for the third time of pinching described summer is 25～30cm.
4. the trimming method of pinching of Japanese plum tree crown according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described winter pruning concrete steps are: raw elongated shoot then is preferentially pruned, retain wherein 1-2 vigorous branches as elongated shoot, remaining elongated shoot and not yet lignified water sprout are all cut from base portion, retain fruit spur and the weak branch of raw elongated shoot middle and lower part then.
5. the trimming method of pinching of Japanese plum tree crown according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the trimming method of originally pinching is applicable to 2 years raw seedlings and the grafting Japanese plum of field planting.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310732003.XA CN103650893B (en) | 2013-12-26 | 2013-12-26 | A kind of trimming method of pinching of Japanese plum tree crown |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310732003.XA CN103650893B (en) | 2013-12-26 | 2013-12-26 | A kind of trimming method of pinching of Japanese plum tree crown |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103650893A true CN103650893A (en) | 2014-03-26 |
| CN103650893B CN103650893B (en) | 2015-12-09 |
Family
ID=50290613
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310732003.XA Expired - Fee Related CN103650893B (en) | 2013-12-26 | 2013-12-26 | A kind of trimming method of pinching of Japanese plum tree crown |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN103650893B (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106069546A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2016-11-09 | 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所 | A kind of Japanese plum gently simplify pruning method |
| CN107853049A (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2018-03-30 | 四川华通柠檬有限公司 | A kind of seasonal pruning method of lemon and lemon garden |
| CN107896794A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-04-13 | 李双均 | A kind of cultural method of phoenix plum |
| CN109588203A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-04-09 | 遵义师范学院 | A kind of cultural method of Japanese plum bearing basal shoot group |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1857060A (en) * | 2006-04-25 | 2006-11-08 | 李灿永 | New technology for purple leaf plum bearing fruit cultivation |
| CN101120645A (en) * | 2007-09-30 | 2008-02-13 | 中国农业大学 | Method for controlling plum tree shape and tree body suitable for high-density planting |
| JP2011024566A (en) * | 2009-06-23 | 2011-02-10 | Utsunomiya Univ | Method for blooming nursery stock raised from seed, and nursery stock raised from seed |
-
2013
- 2013-12-26 CN CN201310732003.XA patent/CN103650893B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1857060A (en) * | 2006-04-25 | 2006-11-08 | 李灿永 | New technology for purple leaf plum bearing fruit cultivation |
| CN101120645A (en) * | 2007-09-30 | 2008-02-13 | 中国农业大学 | Method for controlling plum tree shape and tree body suitable for high-density planting |
| JP2011024566A (en) * | 2009-06-23 | 2011-02-10 | Utsunomiya Univ | Method for blooming nursery stock raised from seed, and nursery stock raised from seed |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 北京市科学技术委员会等: "《果林优良品种及种植技术》", 31 January 2001, article "《李子优质、丰产栽培技术》", pages: 49-51 * |
| 彭萍华等: "《宁冈芙蓉李冬季修剪技术》", 《现代园艺》, no. 2, 10 February 2009 (2009-02-10), pages 36 * |
| 徐颖: "《李树摘心与扭梢》", 《农村实用工程技术》, no. 5, 15 May 1994 (1994-05-15), pages 11 * |
| 韦红霞: "《李树的生长特点及修剪方法》", 《西北园艺》, no. 4, 10 June 2004 (2004-06-10), pages 19 * |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106069546A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2016-11-09 | 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所 | A kind of Japanese plum gently simplify pruning method |
| CN106069546B (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2019-03-15 | 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所 | A kind of light simplified pruning method of Japanese plum |
| CN107853049A (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2018-03-30 | 四川华通柠檬有限公司 | A kind of seasonal pruning method of lemon and lemon garden |
| CN107896794A (en) * | 2017-11-30 | 2018-04-13 | 李双均 | A kind of cultural method of phoenix plum |
| CN109588203A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-04-09 | 遵义师范学院 | A kind of cultural method of Japanese plum bearing basal shoot group |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103650893B (en) | 2015-12-09 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102754578B (en) | Method for promoting differentiation of flower buds of cherry | |
| CN101982058B (en) | Mature mango breed rapid updating dwarfing culture method | |
| CN104160911B (en) | Crystal grape hillside fields TU shape pruning technique | |
| CN101766102B (en) | Grafting and tree form reshaping method of three-branch inarching of closed apple orchard | |
| CN107996272B (en) | Stable-yield cultivation method for close planting vineyard thin planting transformation | |
| CN107371965B (en) | Tuning fork-shaped pear tree shape and shaping and trimming method thereof | |
| CN105875314B (en) | Northern blueberry shaping and trimming method | |
| CN103843639A (en) | Cross double-T-shaped grape tree form and pruning method thereof | |
| CN103782751A (en) | Method of raising grape seedlings by cutting | |
| CN105746277A (en) | Compound planting method for apocarya young stand and white tea | |
| CN104255366A (en) | Peach tree linear labor-saving tree form shaping and cultivation method | |
| CN104904499A (en) | Method for grafting caryaillinoinensis | |
| CN102318481A (en) | Cultivation method of high-bole sinojackia xylocarpa | |
| CN109197311B (en) | Method for thinning flowers and fruits of apple trees | |
| CN104396656A (en) | Yield-increasing method of pecans | |
| CN109121947B (en) | Pruning method for arbuscular shape of open blueberry | |
| CN105248211A (en) | Chinese pear horizontal shed frame single main branch conjoined comb-shaped shaping cultivation method | |
| CN103650893B (en) | A kind of trimming method of pinching of Japanese plum tree crown | |
| CN103081774B (en) | Apple orchard management technology without winter pruning | |
| CN102498852B (en) | Molding method for phyllanthus emblica trees | |
| CN101779572B (en) | Tomato planting pruning method | |
| CN105557413A (en) | High-yield cultivation method for grosvenor momordica | |
| CN1543763A (en) | Method for raising sapling of dwarfing interstock Nanguo pear | |
| CN103636455B (en) | The breeding method of a kind of Qiaoization nursery stock | |
| CN102668838A (en) | Seedling period management method of grapes |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20151209 Termination date: 20211226 |
|
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |