CN105746277A - Compound planting method for apocarya young stand and white tea - Google Patents
Compound planting method for apocarya young stand and white tea Download PDFInfo
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- CN105746277A CN105746277A CN201610130569.9A CN201610130569A CN105746277A CN 105746277 A CN105746277 A CN 105746277A CN 201610130569 A CN201610130569 A CN 201610130569A CN 105746277 A CN105746277 A CN 105746277A
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- apocarya
- ramulus
- white tea
- camellia sinensis
- mussaendae pubescentis
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
Abstract
The invention relates to a compound planting method for an apocarya young stand and white tea. The method comprises the following steps: 1) carrying out soil preparation and applying base fertilizer; 2) excavating deep trenches with the width of 0.5-0.6m and high ridges with the ridge width of 1.5-1.8m, wherein height difference between the deep trenches and the high ridges is 0.5-0.8m; 3) planting apocarya grafted seedlings into the trenches according to row spacing of 3.5-4.5m; 4) planting white tea annual cutting seedlings on the high ridges, wherein tea grove spacing is 0.25-0.35m, and 2-3 plants are planted in each grove; and 5) pruning the apocarya and white tea and carrying out water and fertilizer management subsequently. By adopting the specific apocarya and white tea tree interplanting technology, yield and quality of the apocarya can be guaranteed while grade of the white tea is improved, and more economic benefits are produced on limited land resources.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural technology field, a kind of method being specifically related to apocarya young growth and Ramulus et Folium Mussaendae Pubescentis composite plant.
Background technology
Apocarya [Caryaillinoensis] have another name called pecan tree, originate in the U.S. and Mexico.China starts introducing a fine variety of apocarya from 20 beginnings of the century, but is always up fragmentary cultivation for a long time.In recent years, along with the appearance of State Council " about accelerating woody oleiferous plants industry development suggestion ", apocarya is increasingly becoming one of economic tree of hot topic in China, and scale, Base environment and intensive cultivating that apocarya produces have been instant cause.But apocarya tree height is big, growth is relatively slow, enters fruiting period slow, in apocarya young growth area, space is big, after apocarya raw grafting field planting in 2 years, within 8～10 years, just entering and abound with the phase, orchard worker is relatively low in apocarya young growth (age of tree was in 2～10 years) income.
Ramulus et Folium Mussaendae Pubescentis, completes because Folium Camelliae sinensis only passes through after plucking, does not twist with the fingers and rub, and the white tomentum of blade back intactly retains and gains the name, and is the special treasure in China's teas.White tee tree plantation requires higher, need to select the section of easy grade that hidding and sunny side, soil layer are deep, and require that level of ground water is low, ventilation nutrient preserving capability is good, in acid mountain yellow soil soil as well.If cultivation management is improper, not only Ramulus et Folium Mussaendae Pubescentis survival rate is low, severe water and soil erosion, and Folium Camelliae sinensis mouthfeel is not good simultaneously, and property hardship is slightly cold.
White tea tree plantation mainly single cropping and intercropping.The tea place of single cropping Camellia sinensis easily occurs that freeze injury and pest and disease damage, adaptability and fast-growing are poor, and forest land utilization rate is not high, and the unit are output value is low.Intercropping, for improving garden ecological environment, improves tea amount matter and economic benefit has positive role, and this pattern can make full use of land resource, improves the unit soil output value, improves the ecologic structure of fruit-bearing forest.Catch cropping seeds must select can reciprocal with Camellia sinensis symbiosis, trunk branch position is higher, pest and disease damage is few, can raise the length of Camellia sinensis, keep away the short of Camellia sinensis, and the plantation of suitable locality also has the fine tree species of certain economic benefit.Because apocarya belongs to the tall and big deciduous tree of deep root system, can produce to be conducive to both effects with Ramulus et Folium Mussaendae Pubescentis catch cropping, it will a kind of effect optimized and improve is played in the growth of two kind of plant.Therefore, formulate the field planting scheme of science, it is ensured that apocarya tree and Camellia sinensis are mutually promoted growth, raising forest land utilization ratio and the unit are output value, be this area in the urgent need to.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: it is an object of the invention to the trophophase of Appropriate application fruit tree young growth, improves forest land utilization ratio, it is provided that the production method of a kind of apocarya and Ramulus et Folium Mussaendae Pubescentis intercropping.
Technical scheme: for achieving the above object, a kind of apocarya of the present invention and the cultural method of Ramulus et Folium Mussaendae Pubescentis intercropping, comprise the steps:
1, whole ground basal dressing
Choose fertile soil, on the sunny side mountain region, gentle slope, hills, between 13～35 °, being turned in soil by the slope control in mountain region for the first time, sprinkles chemical fertilizer simultaneously, then carry out once shallow turning over.
, dig field planting ditch
Trench digging basal dressing, and form the zanjon that furrow width is 0.5～0.6m and the difference in height that row spacing is the high ridge of 1.5～1.8m, zanjon and high ridge is 0.5～0.8m.Apocarya sprigging is in zanjon, and Camellia sinensis is planted in the ranks in high ridge, is generally 1 row fruit tree 3 row Camellia sinensis.
, plant apocarya seedling
Select apocarya grafting, be colonizated in plantation ditch according to spacing in the rows 3.5 ~ 4.5m February November to next year, when planting, carry out root relief.Apocarya kind should select to show aborning the improved seeds of stable high yield character, ' Weston ', ' Xiao Xiaoni ', ' Wichita ' assert such as has already been etc..The proportional arrangement pollinated variety of about 10 is pressed in high yield garden, and main breed and pollinizers kind planting distance should within the scope of 150～300m.
, plant tea shoot
Late Febuary, in 1 year raw cutting seedling of high ridge field planting Ramulus et Folium Mussaendae Pubescentis, tea bush was from for 0.25 ~ 0.35m, every Cong Dingzhi 2～3 strain to early March.With trunk for center of circle 2m under apocarya tree2～3m2Surface area does not plant Camellia sinensis.
, field management
(1) fixed dry: surely doing after apocarya transplanted seedling tree, trunk height is advisable with 30～40cm.Tree-like should adopt happy shape.Tree body total height controls within 5m.Surely to do in time after Camellia sinensis nursery stock transplanting, cut and stay height 15～20cm.The form pruned, is advisable being cut into arc for fluffy.
(2) prune: apocarya branch height should control at more than 1.8cm, and lower floor's branch and leaf overhead highly should be more than 2.00m.The height of trunk different directions stays 3～4 side shoots, side shoot stays 2～4 branches.When tea seedling is up to, when slightly reaching more than 3mm to more than 30cm, major branch, carrying out determining row for the first time and prune, stay high about 15cm after cutting.Once shape pruning later every year.The height of each qualitative pruning can improve about 15cm in last time on clip.Through the Camellia sinensis that 3 setting are pruned, being highly about 40～50cm, being aided with pinches later again gently adopts and light pruning, cultivates tree crown and picking surface.
(3) fertilising: executing the farm manure become thoroughly decomposed autumn and winter, fertilizer should be executed from Camellia sinensis trunk 0.4～0.8m, in the Camellia sinensis soil in the ranks of apocarya trunk 1～2m.
(4) irrigate: apocarya is in fruit expanding period and 8～JIUYUE fruit pustulation period in 6～July, it is necessary to pour water in time.Camellia sinensis 7, JIUYUE according to needing regimen condition, irrigate in time.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the cultural method that a kind of apocarya of the present invention and Ramulus et Folium Mussaendae Pubescentis are interplanted discloses the Interplanting technique of concrete shell mountain core treelet and white tea tree, it is possible not only to make full use of vacant lot in the ranks and increases benefit, especially in newly-built apocarya orchard, before apocarya tree is gone into operation, obtain economic benefit, be the important measures improving land utilization ratio, recouping capital outlay as early as possible；Soil losses can also be reduced, improve apocarya tree rhizospheric environment and orchard ecology, this cultural method has carried out meticulous design in planting density, tree-like pruning and has obtained good result, estimated, the Ramulus et Folium Mussaendae Pubescentis of interplanting apocarya improves the quality of spring tea, making 1 grade of tea of spring tea increase by 11%, every mu is increased production 2000 yuan.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1:
Newly-built apocarya and Ramulus et Folium Mussaendae Pubescentis catch cropping garden
Early spring in 2013 in Transition In Jurong, Jiangsu Xia Shu town, basal dressing of ditching, mu executes organic manure 250kg, and forms the zanjon that furrow width is 0.5m and the difference in height that row spacing is the high ridge of 1.5m, zanjon and high ridge is 0.5～0.8m.
The raw grafting of apocarya 2 years ' Weston ' is transplanted in zanjon, by spacing in the rows 4m field planting, plants the raw grafting of 1 row 2 years ' ripple Buddhist nun ' as pollinizers every 200m kind.Pressing double; two strain field planting Ramulus et Folium Mussaendae Pubescentis ' Zhejiang agriculture 1 ' the annual cuttage seedling of single file in the spring then at high ridge, spacing in the rows is 0.3m, with trunk for center of circle 2m under apocarya tree2～3m2Surface area does not plant Camellia sinensis.
After apocarya is done surely, in growth stage, fruit tree is pruned, at juvenile stage by sprout by 1/4 ~ 1/3 cutting back.Apply fertilizer 3 ~ 4 times in 1 year, execute instant nitrogenousfertilizer, execute phosphorus potash fertilizer for the last time for first 2 ~ 3 times.
Embodiment 2:
Catch cropping apocarya Seedling in built tea place
Spring in 2014, in the existing adult tea place of Community of Jin Tan County, 50 mu of high quality white tea places ' Maoshan Mountain Ramulus et Folium Mussaendae Pubescentis ' are selected according to the condition such as landform, soil, introduce the improved seeds ' Xiao Xiaoni ' of apocarya, ' Weston ', implant tea place in the ranks with 5 years raw graftings with the density of 4m × 6m, plant the raw grafting of 1 row 2 years ' ripple Buddhist nun ' as pollinizers every 200m kind.The line-spacing of Camellia sinensis controls at 1.5m, plants with the pattern of 3 row tea 1 row fruit trees, builds up apocarya and Ramulus et Folium Mussaendae Pubescentis composite plant garden.
After the big specification Seedling of apocarya of field planting is done surely, in growth stage, fruit tree being pruned, fruit tree growth stage trunk side shoot presses 1/3～2/3 cutting back.Camellia sinensis carries out setting with the fluffy face of arc and prunes, and cuts that to stay be highly 40～50cm, and being aided with pinches later gently adopts and light pruning, cultivation tree crown and picking surface.
Apocarya is in fruit expanding period and 8～JIUYUE fruit pustulation period in 6～July, it is necessary to pour water in time.Ramulus et Folium Mussaendae Pubescentis adopts solid-set sprinkler system to irrigate.The white tea tree growth stage in February, 5 and October pluck before respectively execute disposable fertilizer, mu executes NPK 350kg, nitrogenous fertilizer 120kg.
Claims (4)
1. the cultural method that an apocarya young growth is interplanted with Ramulus et Folium Mussaendae Pubescentis, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
(1) trench digging basal dressing, and form zanjon that furrow width is 0.5～0.6m and row spacing is the high ridge of 1.5～1.8m；
(2) select 2 years raw graftings of apocarya, be colonizated in plantation ditch according to spacing in the rows 3.5 ~ 4.5m February November to next year；Late Febuary, tea bush was from for 0.25 ~ 0.35m, every Cong Dingzhi 2～3 strain to early March in 1 year raw cutting seedling of high ridge field planting Ramulus et Folium Mussaendae Pubescentis；
(3) apocarya branch height should control at more than 1.8cm, and lower floor's branch and leaf are highly overhead more than 2.00m；It is highly 40～50cm that Camellia sinensis setting is trimmed to, and carries out suitable water and fertilizer management.
2. the cultural method that a kind of apocarya according to claim 1 is interplanted with Ramulus et Folium Mussaendae Pubescentis, it is characterised in that: zanjon and the difference in height of high ridge described in step (1) are 0.5～0.8m.
3. the cultural method of a kind of apocarya according to claim 1 and Ramulus et Folium Mussaendae Pubescentis interplanting, it is characterised in that: under the apocarya tree described in step (2) with trunk for the center of circle outside 2m2～3m2Surface area does not plant Camellia sinensis.
4. the cultural method that a kind of apocarya according to claim 1 is interplanted with Ramulus et Folium Mussaendae Pubescentis, it is characterized in that: the water and fertilizer management described in step (3) includes: execute the farm manure become thoroughly decomposed autumn and winter, fertilizer should be executed from Camellia sinensis trunk 0.4～0.8m, in the Camellia sinensis soil in the ranks of apocarya trunk 1～2m；Apocarya is in fruit expanding period and 8～JIUYUE fruit pustulation period in 6～July, it is necessary to pour water in time；Camellia sinensis, is irrigated according to needing regimen condition in time in July and JIUYUE.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106105754A (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2016-11-16 | 安徽太禾林业开发有限公司 | A kind of method of Carya illinoensis interplanting Flos Chrysanthemi |
| CN107047174A (en) * | 2017-02-09 | 2017-08-18 | 合肥隆扬农业科技有限公司 | A kind of tea tree and the interplanting method of Chinese redbud |
| CN107371967A (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2017-11-24 | 阜阳市新丰种业有限公司 | A kind of trimming measure of apocarya |
| CN110731224A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-01-31 | 余庆县玉笏春茶业有限责任公司 | Interplanting method of lobular broadleaf holly leaves and walnuts |
| CN110972799A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-10 | 江苏省农业科学院宿迁农科所 | Method for interplanting acer palmatum among carya illinoensis seedlings |
| CN114303774A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-12 | 常州市金土地农牧科技服务有限公司 | Planting method for interplanting bletilla striata in apocarya fruit bearing forest |
| CN115462274A (en) * | 2022-10-27 | 2022-12-13 | 江苏省农业科学院宿迁农科所 | Method for compound planting of apocarya young forest and mint |
| CN116076295A (en) * | 2023-02-14 | 2023-05-09 | 四川农业大学 | Efficient cultivation method for interplanting tea and tea-oil tree |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106105754A (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2016-11-16 | 安徽太禾林业开发有限公司 | A kind of method of Carya illinoensis interplanting Flos Chrysanthemi |
| CN107047174A (en) * | 2017-02-09 | 2017-08-18 | 合肥隆扬农业科技有限公司 | A kind of tea tree and the interplanting method of Chinese redbud |
| CN107371967A (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2017-11-24 | 阜阳市新丰种业有限公司 | A kind of trimming measure of apocarya |
| CN110731224A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-01-31 | 余庆县玉笏春茶业有限责任公司 | Interplanting method of lobular broadleaf holly leaves and walnuts |
| CN110972799A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-10 | 江苏省农业科学院宿迁农科所 | Method for interplanting acer palmatum among carya illinoensis seedlings |
| CN114303774A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-12 | 常州市金土地农牧科技服务有限公司 | Planting method for interplanting bletilla striata in apocarya fruit bearing forest |
| CN115462274A (en) * | 2022-10-27 | 2022-12-13 | 江苏省农业科学院宿迁农科所 | Method for compound planting of apocarya young forest and mint |
| CN115462274B (en) * | 2022-10-27 | 2023-07-28 | 江苏省农业科学院宿迁农科所 | Method for compositely planting apocarya young forest and mint |
| CN116076295A (en) * | 2023-02-14 | 2023-05-09 | 四川农业大学 | Efficient cultivation method for interplanting tea and tea-oil tree |
| CN116076295B (en) * | 2023-02-14 | 2024-03-29 | 四川农业大学 | Efficient cultivation method for interplanting tea and tea-oil tree |
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