CN102283008A - Cultivation method for interplanting white tea tree and pear tree - Google Patents
Cultivation method for interplanting white tea tree and pear tree Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cultivation method for interplanting white tea trees and pear trees, belonging to the field of plant cultivation. The cultivation method comprises the steps of: 1) ditching and fertilizing, forming deep ditches with ditch width being 0.3m to 0.5m and high ridges with ridge width being 1.4m to 1.8m, transplanting pear tree seedlings into the deep ditches and planting the pear tree seedlings in the field at a plant distance being 1.8m to 2.4m; 2) planting white tea tree seedlings on the high ridges in the field according to a single-row double-plant method in the spring of the next year and keeping the plant distance to be 0.25m to 0.35m; and 3) cutting back the young branches of the pear trees at a juvenile stage according to a standard that the length of cutoff young branches accounts for one-fourth to one-third of the total length of the young branches, cutting back the side branches of the trunks of the pear trees at a growth stage according to a standard that the length of cutoff side branches accounts for one-third to two-thirds of the total length of the side branches, and pinching the tops of the pear trees to cultivate crowns at the sixth year. The invention discloses the specific technology for interplanting the white tea trees and the pear trees. On the premise that the yield and the quality of the pear trees are ensured, white tea leaves are newly added with the flavor of the pear trees. According to detection, the contents of theanine, gamma-propalanine and other amino acid are higher than the contents of theanine, gamma-propalanine and other amino acid in purely-planted white tea leaves. Therefore, the nutritional value is higher.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plant cultivation method, relate in particular to the cultivation method of a kind of white tea tree and pear tree interplanting.
Background technology
White tea has a long history in China, derives from Fujian the earliest, because of tealeaves process after plucking completes, does not twist with the fingers and rubs, and the white tomentum of blade back intactly keeps.Simultaneously, some nutrient components in the tealeaves obtain keeping, and therefore white tea has more health-care efficacy than general green tea.Existing studies show that, white tea contains abundant theanine, and has antioxidation, and opposing is old and feeble, and the time that white tea is deposited is of a specified duration more, and nutritive value is high more.
Existing white tea tree plantation comprises main kind and interplanting, adopt interplanting can more effectively utilize land resources, improve comprehensive benefit, existing certain popularization in the whole nation at present, white tea tree and pear tree interplanting have following characteristics: 1, interplanting can make full use of sunlight and land resources, realization is supported tea with pears, with the short pears of tea, white tea tree enters vigorous season of growth after plucking spring, strong sunlight is influential to the growth of tea tree on the contrary, this moment, the tree shade of pear tree played such effect, need pass the winter to guarantee white tea tree safety by sufficient photosynthesis accumulation nutrient and be fade-in the winter white tea tree, this moment, pear tree began fallen leaves, had guaranteed illumination.2, the fragrance of pear tree can be created good biotic factor, attracts insect, honeybee and birds etc., has enriched the field environment, and pollen and the direction smell that can influence white tea of pear flower in the florescence, makes it have special delicate fragrance.3, the fallen leaves of pear tree both can be used as the high-quality fertilizer in spring after rotting between tea tree, also can be used as the warming layer of surviving the winter winter.
But there are following problem in existing white tea tree and pear tree interplanting technology: the unreasonable meeting of interplanting density causes the low or liquid manure undersupply of liquid manure utilization ratio, because tea free is often plucked, nutrient consumption is big, the Root Distribution of pear tree and tea tree differs greatly, nutrient demand also there is difference, as how formulating the field planting scheme of science, guarantee that tea tree and pear tree can nourish mutually, in the middle of exploring always and optimizing.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the object of the present invention is to provide the white production method for tea of a kind of white tea and pear tree interplanting, produce the white tea that has special delicate fragrance and have better nutritivity value.
Technical scheme: for achieving the above object, the cultivation method of a kind of white tea tree of the present invention and pear tree interplanting comprises the steps:
(1) trench digging basal dressing, and formation furrow width is that zanjon and the row spacing of 0.3 ~ 0.5m is the high ridge of 1.4 ~ 1.8m, and pear tree sprigging is pressed spacing in the rows 1.8 ~ 2.4m field planting in zanjon, carries out suitable water and fertilizer management simultaneously;
(2) press the two strain field planting white tea tree seedling of single file in the spring in next year at high ridge, spacing in the rows is 0.25 ~ 0.35m, carries out suitable water and fertilizer management simultaneously;
(3) in the pear tree brephic sprout is pressed 1/4 ~ 1/3 cutting back, pear tree growth stage trunk side shoot is by 1/3 ~ 2/3 cutting back, and tree crown is cultivated in pinching during by the 6th year.
The difference in height of described zanjon of step (1) and high ridge is 0.5 ~ 0.8m.
The water and fertilizer management of step (1) and described pear tree seedling of step (2) and white tea tree seedling comprises: year fertilising 3 ~ 4 times, and execute instant nitrogenousfertilizer, execute phosphorus potash fertilizer for the last time for preceding 2 ~ 3 times.
The water and fertilizer management of white tea tree growth stage comprises: in February, 5 and pluck October before respectively execute disposable fertilizer, mu is executed 350 kilograms of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium, nitrogenous fertilizer 120 kg.
The present invention adopts the interplanting technology of zanjon+high ridge that white tea tree was grown under the pear tree tree shade, the fragrance that makes the pear tree florescence more useful effect on tealeaves, can also effectively utilize liquid manure: because the pear tree root system is darker, and white tea tree is because tea picking frequently very high to nutrient demand, so giving the tea tree fertilizing amount when white tea tree and pear tree interplanting is to lead 110 ~ 120% of kind generally speaking, excessive slightly nutrient can infiltrate darker soil of high ridge and zanjon, increases the fertility of whole system.
The pear tree growth is too high to also have the tree crown hat width of cloth all influential to solid, thereby further has influence on white tea quality.Highly be controlled at 3.8 ~ 4.2m when therefore, described pear tree to 8 year gives birth to.
Beneficial effect: the cultivation method of a kind of white tea tree of the present invention and pear tree interplanting discloses the interplanting technology of concrete pear tree and white tea tree, when guaranteeing the pear tree yield and quality, make white tea tealeaves newly add the delicate fragrance of pear tree, simultaneously theanine, γ-An Jidingsuan, and other amino acid whose content all be higher than main kind of a white tea, nutritive value is higher, this cultivation method has carried out meticulous design and has obtained good result in planting density, tree-like pruning, through estimation, the white tea average yield per mu value of interplanting pear tree is rised in value nearly 2000 yuan than the white tea of not interplanting pear tree.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 be do not interplant theanine in the white tea tealeaves sample of pear tree under the HPLC with other component content;
Fig. 2 be HPLC down in the white tea tealeaves sample of interplanting pear tree theanine with other component content.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The basal dressing of ditching early spring, mu is executed 250 kilograms of organic manures, and to form furrow width be that zanjon and the row spacing of 0.3 ~ 0.5m is the high ridge of 1.6m, and the difference in height of zanjon and high ridge is 0.5 ~ 0.8m.With pear tree sprigging in the zanjon by spacing in the rows 2.0 ~ 2.2m field planting, fertilising is 3 ~ 4 times in year, executes instant nitrogenousfertilizer, executes phosphorus potash fertilizer for the last time for preceding 2 ~ 3 times.Press the two strain field planting white tea tree seedling of single file in the spring in next year at high ridge, spacing in the rows is 0.28 ~ 0.32m, and is same, and fertilising is 3 ~ 4 times in year, executes instant nitrogenousfertilizer, executes phosphorus potash fertilizer for the last time for preceding 2 ~ 3 times; At the pear tree vegetative stage pear tree is pruned, in the pear tree brephic sprout is pressed 1/4 ~ 1/3 cutting back, pear tree growth stage trunk side shoot is by 1/3 ~ 2/3 cutting back, and tree crown is cultivated in pinching during by the 6th year, and side shoot also reduces pruning, begins to cultivate tree crown.The water and fertilizer management of white tea tree growth stage comprises: in February, 5 and pluck October before respectively execute disposable fertilizer, mu is executed 350 kilograms of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium, nitrogenous fertilizer 120 kg.Treat that pear tree grows to 8 years when living, the height of pear tree reaches 3.8 ~ 4.2m and keeps constant substantially.
Embodiment 2
The basal dressing of ditching early spring, mu is executed 250 kilograms of organic manures, and to form furrow width be that zanjon and the row spacing of 0.3 ~ 0.5m is the high ridge of 1.8m, and the difference in height of zanjon and high ridge is 0.5 ~ 0.8m.With pear tree sprigging in the zanjon by spacing in the rows 1.8 ~ 2.0m field planting, fertilising is 3 ~ 4 times in year, executes instant nitrogenousfertilizer, executes phosphorus potash fertilizer for the last time for preceding 2 ~ 3 times.Press the two strain field planting white tea tree seedling of single file in the spring in next year at high ridge, spacing in the rows is 0.25 ~ 0.28m, and is same, and fertilising is 3 ~ 4 times in year, executes instant nitrogenousfertilizer, executes phosphorus potash fertilizer for the last time for preceding 2 ~ 3 times; At the pear tree vegetative stage pear tree is pruned, in the pear tree brephic sprout is pressed 1/4 ~ 1/3 cutting back, pear tree growth stage trunk side shoot is by 1/3 ~ 2/3 cutting back, and tree crown is cultivated in pinching during by the 6th year, and side shoot also reduces pruning, begins to cultivate tree crown.The water and fertilizer management of white tea tree growth stage comprises: in February, 5 and pluck October before respectively execute disposable fertilizer, mu is executed 350 kilograms of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium, nitrogenous fertilizer 120 kg.Treat that pear tree grows to 8 years when living, the height of pear tree reaches 3.8 ~ 4.2m and keeps constant substantially.
Embodiment 3
The basal dressing of ditching early spring, mu is executed 250 kilograms of organic manures, and to form furrow width be that zanjon and the row spacing of 0.3 ~ 0.5m is the high ridge of 1.4m, and the difference in height of zanjon and high ridge is 0.5 ~ 0.8m.With pear tree sprigging in the zanjon by spacing in the rows 2.2 ~ 2.4m field planting, fertilising is 3 ~ 4 times in year, executes instant nitrogenousfertilizer, executes phosphorus potash fertilizer for the last time for preceding 2 ~ 3 times.Press the two strain field planting white tea tree seedling of single file in the spring in next year at high ridge, spacing in the rows is 0.32 ~ 0.35m, and is same, and fertilising is 3 ~ 4 times in year, executes instant nitrogenousfertilizer, executes phosphorus potash fertilizer for the last time for preceding 2 ~ 3 times; At the pear tree vegetative stage pear tree is pruned, in the pear tree brephic sprout is pressed 1/4 ~ 1/3 cutting back, pear tree growth stage trunk side shoot is by 1/3 ~ 2/3 cutting back, and tree crown is cultivated in pinching during by the 6th year, and side shoot also reduces pruning, begins to cultivate tree crown.The water and fertilizer management of white tea tree growth stage comprises: in February, 5 and pluck October before respectively execute disposable fertilizer, mu is executed 350 kilograms of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium, nitrogenous fertilizer 120 kg.Treat that pear tree grows to 8 years when living, the height of pear tree reaches 3.8 ~ 4.2m and keeps constant substantially.
Test example 1
Before and after clear and bright, get bright leaf 10g according to the interplanting method of embodiment 1, get again and give birth to the main kind of bright leaf 10g of common white tea tree the same year in contrast, respectively with two groups bright leaf through accents that wither, sth. made by twisting rub, drying makes acupuncture needle, and is by relatively carrying out subjective appreciation, as shown in table 1.Adopt the white tea of interplanting pear tree not only identical with general white tea on soup look, milli perfume (or spice), and be subjected to the influence at pear flower florescence, flavour is little to be with fragrant and sweetly, and the white tea milli point of interplanting pear tree is more fresh and tender, full, and does not have bitterness sense.
The white tea subjective appreciation contrast of interplanting pear tree is interplanted and be to table 1
Group | Profile | Flavour | The soup look | Milli is fragrant | Pained |
Interplant white tea | Profile is more stout and strong | Flavour is bright clearly, little be with fragrant and sweet | The soup look shallow is apricot yellow and bright | Milli is aromatic | No bitterness sense |
Main kind of white tea | Profile is general | Flavour is bright clearly | The soup look shallow is apricot yellow and bright | Milli is aromatic | No bitterness sense |
* subjective appreciation is 5 people group evaluation results.
?
Test example 2
Get white tea sample 525.18mg of interplanting pear tree and the white tea sample 537.49mg that does not interplant pear tree respectively, adopt 80 ℃ of distilled water extractings 3 times, merge, be settled to 25ml, sample size is 2 μ l, adopts HPLC, sees Fig. 1, Fig. 2, and statistics is as follows:
Table 2 HPLC interplants pear tree down and does not interplant the white tea γ-An Jidingsuan of pear tree and the content of theanine
Wherein, the cubage following (unit is mg/100mg) of theanine in the white tea sample:
The white tea sample of interplanting pear tree: (2.45 * 25 * 100)/(2 * 525.18 * 10)=0.5830
Do not interplant the white tea sample of pear tree: (1.88 * 25 * 100)/(2 * 537.19 * 10)=0.4372
As seen interplant in the white tea of pear tree theanine content and do not Duo 33.3% than interplanting white tea.
The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; be noted that for those skilled in the art; under the prerequisite that does not break away from the principle of the invention, can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the cultivation method of white tea tree and pear tree interplanting is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) trench digging basal dressing, and formation furrow width is that zanjon and the row spacing of 0.3 ~ 0.5m is the high ridge of 1.4 ~ 1.8m, and pear tree sprigging is pressed spacing in the rows 1.8 ~ 2.4m field planting in zanjon, carries out suitable water and fertilizer management simultaneously;
(2) press the two strain field planting white tea tree seedling of single file in the spring in next year at high ridge, spacing in the rows is 0.25 ~ 0.35m, carries out suitable water and fertilizer management simultaneously;
(3) in the pear tree brephic sprout is pressed 1/4 ~ 1/3 cutting back, pear tree growth stage trunk side shoot is by 1/3 ~ 2/3 cutting back, and tree crown is cultivated in pinching during by the 6th year.
2. the cultivation method of a kind of white tea tree according to claim 1 and pear tree interplanting, it is characterized in that: the difference in height of described zanjon of step (1) and high ridge is 0.5 ~ 0.8m.
3. the cultivation method of a kind of white tea tree according to claim 1 and pear tree interplanting, it is characterized in that: the water and fertilizer management of step (1) and described pear tree seedling of step (2) and white tea tree seedling comprises: year fertilising 3 ~ 4 times, execute instant nitrogenousfertilizer, execute phosphorus potash fertilizer for the last time for preceding 2 ~ 3 times.
4. the cultivation method of a kind of white tea tree according to claim 1 and pear tree interplanting, it is characterized in that, this method also comprises: the water and fertilizer management of white tea tree growth stage comprises: in February, 5 and pluck October before respectively execute disposable fertilizer, mu is executed 350 kilograms of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium, nitrogenous fertilizer 120 kg.
5. the cultivation method of a kind of white tea tree according to claim 1 and pear tree interplanting is characterized in that: described pear tree to 8 highly is controlled at 3.8 ~ 4.2m when year giving birth to.
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CN103385101A (en) * | 2013-07-16 | 2013-11-13 | 安徽宏云制茶有限公司 | Golden bud tea planting method |
CN103385112A (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2013-11-13 | 贵州省生物研究所 | Production method for cultivating gyrophora through tea garden intercropping |
CN103404328A (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2013-11-27 | 句容市浮山果园 | Method of interplanting jade-green tea trees, bitter plum trees and Chinese chestnut trees |
CN103798030A (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2014-05-21 | 浙江安吉宋茗白茶有限公司 | Anji white tea ecological and efficient cultivation method |
CN104885844A (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2015-09-09 | 安徽省上行山茶叶有限公司 | Planting technology for interplanting of yellow tea and figs |
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CN106105953A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-11-16 | 全椒县西王镇成名家庭农场 | A kind of method that pear tree is interplanted with Folium Camelliae sinensis |
CN106105952A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-11-16 | 全椒县西王镇成名家庭农场 | A kind of method that early stage pear tree seedling is interplanted with Citrullus vulgaris |
CN106105954A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-11-16 | 全椒县西王镇成名家庭农场 | A kind of pear tree field planting improves the method for survival rate |
CN107047174A (en) * | 2017-02-09 | 2017-08-18 | 合肥隆扬农业科技有限公司 | A kind of tea tree and the interplanting method of Chinese redbud |
CN107787756A (en) * | 2017-11-14 | 2018-03-13 | 宁波市农业科学研究院 | A kind of pear tree and the method for fruit mulberry interplanting |
CN112314315A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-02-05 | 遵义正安丽霞茶业有限责任公司 | Planting method of high-quality white tea trees |
CN112514722A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-19 | 广安市野春芽茶业有限公司 | Three-dimensional development planting method for co-cultivation of tea trees and pear trees |
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2011
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CN103385112A (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2013-11-13 | 贵州省生物研究所 | Production method for cultivating gyrophora through tea garden intercropping |
CN103404328A (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2013-11-27 | 句容市浮山果园 | Method of interplanting jade-green tea trees, bitter plum trees and Chinese chestnut trees |
CN103404328B (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2015-04-01 | 句容市浮山果园 | Method of interplanting jade-green tea trees, bitter plum trees and Chinese chestnut trees |
CN103385101A (en) * | 2013-07-16 | 2013-11-13 | 安徽宏云制茶有限公司 | Golden bud tea planting method |
CN103798030A (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2014-05-21 | 浙江安吉宋茗白茶有限公司 | Anji white tea ecological and efficient cultivation method |
CN104885844A (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2015-09-09 | 安徽省上行山茶叶有限公司 | Planting technology for interplanting of yellow tea and figs |
CN104956987A (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2015-10-07 | 安徽茗杨生态农业有限公司 | Interplant method for bay leaf trees and white tea trees |
CN106105953A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-11-16 | 全椒县西王镇成名家庭农场 | A kind of method that pear tree is interplanted with Folium Camelliae sinensis |
CN106105952A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-11-16 | 全椒县西王镇成名家庭农场 | A kind of method that early stage pear tree seedling is interplanted with Citrullus vulgaris |
CN106105954A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-11-16 | 全椒县西王镇成名家庭农场 | A kind of pear tree field planting improves the method for survival rate |
CN107047174A (en) * | 2017-02-09 | 2017-08-18 | 合肥隆扬农业科技有限公司 | A kind of tea tree and the interplanting method of Chinese redbud |
CN107787756A (en) * | 2017-11-14 | 2018-03-13 | 宁波市农业科学研究院 | A kind of pear tree and the method for fruit mulberry interplanting |
CN112314315A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-02-05 | 遵义正安丽霞茶业有限责任公司 | Planting method of high-quality white tea trees |
CN112514722A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-19 | 广安市野春芽茶业有限公司 | Three-dimensional development planting method for co-cultivation of tea trees and pear trees |
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