CN109042041A - A method of utilizing the actinidia eriantha root of the limit high medical value of root container culturing - Google Patents
A method of utilizing the actinidia eriantha root of the limit high medical value of root container culturing Download PDFInfo
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- CN109042041A CN109042041A CN201811232169.4A CN201811232169A CN109042041A CN 109042041 A CN109042041 A CN 109042041A CN 201811232169 A CN201811232169 A CN 201811232169A CN 109042041 A CN109042041 A CN 109042041A
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- root
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- actinidia eriantha
- actinidia
- container
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods of actinidia eriantha root using the limit high medical value of root container culturing, the following steps are included: prepared by the production of limit root container, matrix, T-type frame is built, be colonized and root harvests, and it is aided with mating drip irrigation facilities and final-period management technology.The present invention can be while improving actinidia eriantha Root yield, improve rich water utilization rate, it effectively saves matrix and the later period harvests recruitment, furthermore, the present invention is suitable for the actinidia eriantha seedling that grows directly from seeds, or the Kiwi berry seedling of other kinds is grafted using actinidia eriantha as stock, aerial part, it can be additional to increase actinidia eriantha root income while not influencing aerial part income.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of cultivation, and in particular to a kind of hair flower Mi using the limit high medical value of root container culturing
The method of monkey peach root.
Background technique
Actinidia eriantha (Actinidia erianthaBenth.) also known as hair spends carambola, and rattan peach, white hair peach is medicine
Eat dual-purpose treasure, fruits nutrition value is high, and dried roots are the white mountain wild peach root of Yi people's national tradition medication, have heat-clearing,
Dampness removing, activating blood circulation and reducing swelling, removing toxic substances and other effects are used for antitumor, anti-oxidant, alt-reducing and liver-protecting, immunological regulation, antipyretic-antalgic etc., especially
There is very high value (Xu H S, Wu Y W, Xu S F. Antitumor and in anti-tumor aspect
immunomodulatory activity of polysaccharides from the roots of Actinidia
Eriantha [J] Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2009,125 (2): 310-317.).In recent years due to
Cancer is high-incidence, and demand of the market to actinidia eriantha root increases, and unauthorized and excessive mining phenomenon is serious, and wild resource wrecks, manually
Cultivation actinidia eriantha has become cumulative year after year trend.
Larger difficulty is deposited in the excavation of actinidia eriantha.Though Kiwi berry is shallow root type fruit tree, at age kiwi fruit plant root system
Vertical distribution, be concentrated mainly in 20~60 cm soil layers, but the distributed depth of its root system in the soil because soil property difference due to
Different, in deep, loose soil, Root Distribution depth can be more than 4 m.And the range of Kiwi berry Root Distribution generally compares
Overground part is big, and distribution is about 3 times of crown diameter, and main root is gradually weak in growth course and stops growing, and side
Root growth speed is accelerated, and gradually instead of the growth of main root, increases with the age of tree, is only left several lateral roots in root mass and persistently prolongs
It stretches simultaneously diameter increment and becomes backbone root.Winding between strain also easily occurs in Chinese actinidia root under wild or field cultivation state, more
So that root harvesting difficulty increases.
In addition, Kiwi berry root growth and young sprout are grown alternately.Its first time root growth peak period is in late May
To by the end of June, second of root growth peak period in mid-August to early September, the 3rd root growth peak period late September extremely
October.The main medicinal part of actinidia eriantha is root, and collecting time is applied as 30 d after fruit harvesting or so, because of Mi
Monkey Peach fruits have high economic value, and root system harvesting amount should be within the 1/2 of complete stool, to guarantee that next year fruit produces.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of invention is in view of the deficiencies of the prior art, utilizes the limit high medicine of root container culturing the present invention provides a kind of
With the method for the actinidia eriantha root of value, using limit root container culturing actinidia eriantha root, and be aided with supporting management and
Collecting method can improve actinidia eriantha Root yield simultaneously, and effectively saving matrix, rich water and the later period harvests recruitment;In addition,
The present invention is suitable for the actinidia eriantha seedling that grows directly from seeds, or the macaque of other kinds is grafted using actinidia eriantha as stock, overground part
Peach seedling, can the income for not influencing aerial part simultaneously, it is additional to increase actinidia eriantha root income.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that: it is a kind of using limit the high medical value of root container culturing
Actinidia eriantha root method, comprising the following steps:
(1) limit the production of root container: limit root container includes bulk containers, and two pieces of crosses are provided in the middle part of the bulk containers and are handed over
The partition of 4 subregions is pitched and be divided into bulk containers, is respectively arranged in the middle part of two partitions and cooperatively forms the U-shaped of U-shaped cavity
Notch, for transplanting seedling and being inserted into for head tree, the bulk containers wall is set the U-shaped cavity with partition bottom intersection
It is equipped with drainage hole, is provided with valve body on drainage hole;
(2) prepared by matrix: using sandy loam, peat soil and the base manure of certain ratio as cultivation matrix, and passing through raw stone
The pH value of ash or hydrochloric acid adjustment cultivation matrix is to 6.2-6.5, then after 80-100 DEG C of moise-heat sterilization 40-60 min, is packed into step
Suddenly in the limit root container of (1).
(3) T-type frame is built: the T-type frame include for be inserted into limit root container in the middle part of head tree, head tree it is upper
End is provided with a crossbeam, and 4 parallel steel wires in longitudinal direction are arranged at intervals with above crossbeam.
(4) it is colonized: grafting other using the annual seedling of actinidia eriantha of growing directly from seeds or by stock, overground part of actinidia eriantha
The annual seedling of the Kiwi berry of kind is seedling, is colonized in the limit root container for having inserted cultivation matrix, and the 4 of limit root container
A subregion setting liquid manure integrally drips arrow, and keeping the water content of cultivation matrix is 55-70%,
(5) root harvests: after field planting 3-4, harvesting actinidia eriantha root using opposite picking methods annual December;It is described right
It is below to primary roots 25cm using sterilizing scissors to picking methods the following steps are included: opening limit root container, and it is located at opposite direction
Two subregions in actinidia eriantha root all wipe out, plant ash and root-inducing powder then are smeared to main root wound, dried multiple
It fills out sterilization matrix to be cultivated, actinidia eriantha root can be harvested in two subregions of another opposite direction every 2 years after harvesting.
Further, the diameter of bulk containers is 1.3-1.5m in step (1), is highly 0.6-0.8m;U-shaped lacks in partition
The diameter of mouth is 0.3-0.4m, is highly 0.4-0.5m;It is that material is made that the partition, which is by control root device plate with holes,.
Further, the mass ratio of sandy loam, peat soil and base manure is 5:4:1 in step (2), and the base manure is decomposed
Soya-bean cake or ox, sheep, pig manure.
Further, head tree is terrain clearance is 1.8m, side length is 8 × 10cm concrete column in step (3);The cross
The material of beam is angle bar, and the length is 2.0m, and with a thickness of 5mm, the steel wire is plated film steel wire.
Further, the spacing in the rows of Seeding planting is 3 × 3m in step (4).
The present invention has the advantages that
1, traditional cultivation method actinidia eriantha root have a very wide distribution, easily wind, harvest it is time-consuming and laborious, and easily injure large area
Root, not only low output and it is unfavorable for the growth of next year root regeneration and restores with the fruit yield of aerial part.It is planted using limit root container
Actinidia eriantha root is trained, actinidia eriantha root can be controlled within the scope of container, and limits the repeatable opening of root container, reassemble,
In addition, the mode of opposite harvesting has harvesting convenience, Chinese actinidia root within the scope of opposite container subregion once can be all harvested, is not made
The characteristics of at waste, meanwhile, the Chinese actinidia root for another opposite container subregion not harvested can meet the recovery of next year Kiwi berry tree vigo(u)r
Nutrition and moisture absorption demand with root growth do not influence or reduce the income for influencing next year aerial part.
2, limit root container is isolated using the partition with U-shaped breach of two pieces of right-angled intersections, and root system is not likely to produce winding, is harvested
Afterwards by smearing plant ash and root-inducing powder, dries and fill out sterilization matrix again, it is easy to operate, it solves traditional root collecting method and is also easy to produce
Rotten, root regeneration grow slow problem.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is limited the cross-sectional view of root container;
Fig. 2 is limited the top view of root container;
Fig. 3 is limited the structural schematic diagram of U-shaped partition in root container;
Fig. 4 is T shape frame and the cooperation figure for limiting root container;
Fig. 5 is the actinidia eriantha root situation comparison diagram of 4 years raw wild actinidia eriantha root situations and container culturing;
In figure: 1- bulk containers, 2- first partition, 3- second partition, 4-U type cavity, 5- head tree, 6- steel wire, 7- crossbeam.
Specific embodiment
In order to make content of the present invention easily facilitate understanding, the present invention will be further described for following instance, but
It is not used to limit the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment:
1, limit root container preparation: limit root container includes that diameter is 1.5m, is highly the bulk containers of 0.8m, the middle part of bulk containers
Be provided with two pieces of right-angled intersections and bulk containers be divided into the partition of 4 subregions, partition be by control root device plate with holes production and
At being respectively arranged with the U-shaped notch for cooperatively forming U-shaped cavity in the middle part of two partitions, the U-shaped cavity is for transplanting seedling and use
It is inserted into head tree, the diameter of U-shaped breach is 0.4 m, highly 0.5 m, the bulk containers wall is set with partition bottom intersection
It is equipped with drainage hole, is provided with valve body on drainage hole.
2, prepared by matrix: with southern mountain sandy loam, peat soil, sufficiently decomposed sheep dung base manure in mass ratio for 5:4:1
Cultivation matrix is prepared, after autoclave sterilization, using the pH value of quick lime adjustment matrix to 6.2, is packed into limit root container.
3, built: using liftoff a height of 1.8 m, concrete column that side length is 8 × 10 cm as head tree, the lower end of head tree
The limit root container of cultivation matrix has been inserted in insertion, and upper end is equipped with the angle bar of a length of 2.0m, 5 mm of thickness as crossbeam, crossbeam it is upper
The Fang Lashe 4 plated film steel wires being longitudinally parallel to each other are to get T-type frame.
4, it is colonized: taking wild hair flower Mi of the root with high effect ingredient from 400m or so height above sea level alpine region January
Monkey peach is colonized, and 3 × 3 m of seeding row spacing is controlled, and carries out water management and disease pest in strict accordance with Kiwi berry standardized planting technology
Evil prevention and treatment, cultivates single sturdy stem.
5, it grafts: selecting the scion with red meat system kind ' Red Male ' Kiwi berry bud satiation of the good market price, in
After field planting 2 month of second year in step 3 the liftoff 1.5m high of the annual stock and completely lignifying position excision more than
Part branch carries out high position grafting using cleft grafting method, controls tree vigo(u)r by pruning and opens herringbone in 180 ° pairs.
6, it harvests: from field planting the 3rd year, harvesting red kiwi fruit fruit in September early and middle ten days, harvest hair annual mid-December
Flower Chinese actinidia root.Using opposite picking methods, specific steps are as follows: limit root container is opened, using sterilizing scissors to primary roots 25cm
It is below, and the actinidia eriantha root being located in two opposite subregions is all wiped out, and then smears vegetation to main root wound
Ash and root-inducing powder dry and fill out sterilization matrix again and cultivated, can be in two subregions of another opposite direction harvesting hair every 2 years after harvesting
Flower Chinese actinidia root.
Table 1 is that white Kiwi berry is directly cultivated and the Root yield of container culturing and next year overground part fruit yield data, by table 1
It is found that Root yield can be increased on the basis of not influencing next year fruit yield with directly upper cultural method comparison, container culturing
30.4%, and there is harvesting convenience, it saves rich water, save the features such as labour.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, all equivalent changes done according to scope of the present invention patent with
Modification, is all covered by the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of method of the actinidia eriantha root using the limit high medical value of root container culturing, it is characterised in that: the side
Method the following steps are included:
(1) limit the production of root container: limit root container includes bulk containers, and two pieces of crosses are provided in the middle part of the bulk containers and are handed over
The partition of 4 subregions is pitched and be divided into bulk containers, is respectively arranged in the middle part of two partitions and cooperatively forms the U-shaped of U-shaped cavity
Notch, the bulk containers wall and partition bottom intersection are provided with drainage hole, are provided with valve body on drainage hole;
(2) prepared by matrix: using the sandy loam, peat soil and base manure of certain mass ratio as cultivation matrix, and passing through quick lime
Or the pH value of hydrochloric acid adjustment cultivation matrix is to 6.2-6.5, then after 80-100 DEG C of moise-heat sterilization 40-60 min, is packed into step
(1) in limit root container;
(3) T-type frame is built: the T-type frame includes the head tree for being inserted into the middle part of limit root container, and the upper end of head tree is set
It is equipped with a crossbeam, 4 parallel steel wires in longitudinal direction are arranged at intervals with above crossbeam;
(4) it is colonized: grafting other kinds using the annual seedling of actinidia eriantha of growing directly from seeds or by stock, overground part of actinidia eriantha
The annual seedling of Kiwi berry be seedling, be colonized in the limit root container for having inserted cultivation matrix, and at limit 4 points of root container
Liquid manure integrally drop arrow is arranged in area, and keeping the water content of cultivation matrix is 55-70%;
(5) root harvests: after field planting 3-4, harvesting actinidia eriantha root using opposite picking methods annual December;It is described right
It is below to primary roots 25cm using sterilizing scissors to picking methods the following steps are included: opening limit root container, and it is located at opposite direction
Two subregions in actinidia eriantha root all wipe out, plant ash and root-inducing powder then are smeared to main root wound, dried multiple
It fills out sterilization matrix to be cultivated, actinidia eriantha root can be harvested in two subregions of another opposite direction every 2 years after harvesting.
2. a kind of side of actinidia eriantha root using the limit high medical value of root container culturing according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that: the diameter of bulk containers is 1.3-1.5m in step (1), is highly 0.6-0.8m;U-shaped breach in partition
Diameter be 0.3-0.4m, be highly 0.4-0.5m;It is that material is made that the partition, which is by control root device plate with holes,.
3. a kind of side of actinidia eriantha root using the limit high medical value of root container culturing according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that: the mass ratio of sandy loam, peat soil and base manure is 5:4:1 in step (2), and the base manure is decomposed beans
Cake or ox, sheep, pig manure.
4. a kind of side of actinidia eriantha root using the limit high medical value of root container culturing according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that: head tree is the concrete column that terrain clearance is 1.8m, side length is 8 × 10cm in step (3);The crossbeam
Material be angle bar, the length is 2.0m, with a thickness of 5mm, the steel wire be plated film steel wire.
5. a kind of side of actinidia eriantha root using the limit high medical value of root container culturing according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that: the spacing in the rows of Seeding planting is 3 × 3m in step (4).
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Cited By (3)
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CN112136530A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2020-12-29 | 广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所 | Rapid cultivation method for kiwi fruit nutrition bag grafted seedlings |
CN112535080A (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2021-03-23 | 浙大宁波理工学院 | Method for improving formation rate of fusiform tuberous roots for combined spicebush root medicines |
CN114916362A (en) * | 2022-05-13 | 2022-08-19 | 浙江大学 | Chinese cherry trough type root-limiting rapid-growing cultivation method |
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CN112535080B (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2022-04-08 | 浙大宁波理工学院 | Method for improving formation rate of fusiform tuberous roots for combined spicebush root medicines |
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CN114916362B (en) * | 2022-05-13 | 2024-01-16 | 浙江大学 | Chinese cherry groove type root limiting rapid cultivation method |
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