CN103004546A - Nectarine planting method - Google Patents
Nectarine planting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103004546A CN103004546A CN2011102885237A CN201110288523A CN103004546A CN 103004546 A CN103004546 A CN 103004546A CN 2011102885237 A CN2011102885237 A CN 2011102885237A CN 201110288523 A CN201110288523 A CN 201110288523A CN 103004546 A CN103004546 A CN 103004546A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a nectarine planting method, which relates to a cultivation method of fruit trees and belongs to the technical field of crop cultivation. The cultivation method is realized by the fact that plentiful nutrients are supplied to nectarine trees, so as to shorten the bearing time, increase the bearing quantity, reduce the fruit cracking, enhance the fruit quality and sense and conveniently manage the fruit trees. The cultivation method has the beneficial effects that the nectarine cultivation technique of the province is improved, germplasm resources are enriched, standardized production is realized, the production purposes of early production, high yield and good quality are achieved, tree bodies are fully exposed to light, fruits have the advantages of high sugar degree, good taste and high quality, and the trees are in small sizes and can be conveniently managed. The cultivation method has the advantages of simplicity, convenience in operation, time saving, labor saving and good economic benefit and has great popularization value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultivation method of a planting fruit-trees, belong to the arviculture technical field, specifically the implantation methods of a kind of nectarine.
Background technology
Nectarine (Nectarine) is the mutation of common peach, in the Northwest of China wild nectarine is arranged, the locality is called " Li Guangtao ", after the eighties in last century, the peach breeding man of China utilizes hybridizes from the Nectarine Cultivars Revealed of external introduction and the common peach kind of China, cultivated flavor sweet, the fruit face is bright and clean without hair, harvesting, instant, the specious gorgeous Nectarine Cultivars Revealed that adapts to China's amblent air temperature condition growth, be subject to planting peasant household and consumer's welcome, producing the fast rise stage that is in.Nectarine obtains large-area popularization in production, and particularly in some emerging peach producing regions, the development area substantially exceeds common peach.Nectarine is nutritious, sugary 13%, organic acid 1.5%, pectin 1%, protein 1.1%, and per 100 gram pulp contain Vc 12mg, phosphorus 40mg, calcium 12mg, iron 0.8mg, magnesium 14.5mg; Contain in addition amino acid that 17 kinds of needed by human body want, carotin etc.Have the strong kidney of relieving cough and reducing sputum, tonifying Qi, hypotensive function.The vitamin C that fresh nectarine is contained, almost can satisfy adult one day required; Not only help health absorption iron and safeguard immune system, and the important component part collagen of involutory one-tenth skin is most important; Nectarine institute heat content is slightly more than wild peach, and therefore average out to three 16th National Congress of Communist Party of China cards are favored by the consumer quite.
At present, most Nectarine Cultivars Revealeds are in China's ubiquity dehiscent fruit phenomenon, so that the presentation quality of fruit descends, directly affect sale, storage and the transportation of fruit, cause great economic loss for the agricultural planting family.For these serious problems, demand prophylactico-therapeutic measures urgently.
Summary of the invention
The present invention aims to provide the implantation methods of a kind of nectarine, and this cultivation method improves result quantities by provide sufficient nutrient to shorten the as a result time to nectarine tree, reduces dehiscent fruit, strengthens fruit quality and sense organ, makes things convenient for fruit tree management.
Be realization mountain above-mentioned purpose, the implantation methods of a kind of nectarine of the present invention, implementation step is as follows:
One, canopy, soil treatment are built in addressing: remove preceding crop in the canopy, dig the trench of dark, wide each 0.8～1.0m by North and South direction interval 2m, execute the fertilizing amount of 50kg well-rotted farmyard manure, 5kg ash, 20～30g bio-bacterial manure, 50g urea, 200～300g superphosphate by every strain, with fertilizer with dig out soil 2/3 mix stand-by;
Two, select the seedling field planting: the semi-finished product bud seedling of choosing annual finished product seedling and then grafting; Peach seedling to slight dehydration will soak seedling body 8～10h with water purification, and ground temperature is more than 5 ℃, and the field planting degree of depth is 2/3 of cutting; January early and middle ten days button canopy, strqw cover not in 1～7d behind the button canopy, 8～14d inner cap flower curtain changes thereafter normal management over to;
Three, the temperature adjustment control is wet: the budding period temperature remains on 15～18 ℃ of daytimes, 5～10 ℃ of nights, relative moisture 70%～80%; 8～10 ℃ of 18～22 ℃ of temperature daytimes at florescence, nights, relative moisture 50%～60%; Young fruit to fruit expanding period temperature should be 20～28 ℃ of daytimes, 10～12 ℃ of nights, and relative moisture is below 60%; 12～15 ℃ of fruit color, maturing stage 24～25 ℃ of temperature daytimes, nights, relative moisture 60%～70%;
Four, apply fertilizers scientifically: the nectarine fertilizing amount is controlled at fertilizer 30～45t/hm
2, urea 300kg/hm
2, superphosphate 750kg/hm
2, potassium sulphate 300kg/hm
2, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 75kg/hm
2
Five, the control of tree body, tree-like pruning: prosperous long middle and later periods of autumn growth, be 200～250 times of liquid of 15～20d blade face, early and middle ten days interval in August, 2 15% paclobutrazols of spray, spray again 1 time before pruning behind the fallen leaves, the excessively prosperous plant strain growth of tree vigo(u)r is wanted listing mark season, in conjunction with the every strain of autumn basal dressing again root execute about 10g 5% paclobutrazol, when the spring tip long during to the 10cm left and right sides blade face can spray again 200～250 times of liquid of 15% paclobutrazol; The optimal pruning of nectarine is tree-like to mainly contain 3 kinds of spindle, natural open centre shape and two major branch shapes;
Six, prevent and treat parasitosis: the overall process of nectarine tree growth will be prevented and treated parasitosis, and Major Diseases has brown rot, mould dirty sick, can spirit prevent and treat with lime sulfur, mancozeb, how mould spirit, metalaxyl, speed; Primary pest has black peach aphid, two spotted spider mite, coccid,, DDT EC clean with heavy diesel fuel emulsion, avermectin missible oil, abamectin emulsifiable concentrate, aphid lice, clean, a tpn control; Damage by disease and insect should be relied mainly on prevention, and controls early, controls little;
Seven, artificial pollination: the 9:00～15:00 of nectarine full-bloom stage fine day, with what sterile clean writing brush writing brush or absorbent cotton were bundled into the handle cotton swab arranged, moving in the spray rollback that comes up;
Eight, fixed fruit: long fruit branch stays 7～8 of fruits, and medium fruit branch stays 4～6 of fruits, and fruit spur stays 2～3 of fruits, and the every strain of trees in richful production period always stays the fruit amount to be controlled at 100～150, and fruit thinning should be dredged fruitlet, sick fruit, malformed fruit;
Nine, timely collecting: when nectarine grows to 8 maturations, the fruit face is plentiful, and pulp is slightly hard, and stained area reaches 2/3 when above, should in time gather, and will handle with care when gathering, and in the packing case buffering will be arranged, and avoids fruit to fray, stab.
Described bio-bacterial manure be Trichoderma harzianum chlamydospore and bafillus natto by weight ratio be about 7: 3, Trichoderma harzianum chlamydospore content is 10
8Individual/more than the gram, the nutrients such as phosphorus potassium in can activating soil provide crop required nutrition, improve soil physical property, and have the function of regulating the peach seedling physiological metabolism.
The implantation methods of a kind of nectarine of the present invention, its beneficial effect is: improve our province nectarine culture technique, enrich germ plasm resource, realize standardized production, realize the production purpose of premature labor, high yield, high-quality, the tree body is fully seen light, the high taste of fruit pol is good, and product are of fine quality; The tree type is little, convenient management; Cultivation method is simple, and is easy to operate, saves labor, good in economic efficiency, has promotional value.
Embodiment
Below the invention will be further described for the description by embodiment.
Embodiment 1
One, canopy, soil treatment are built in addressing: remove preceding crop in the canopy, dig the trench of dark 0.8m, wide 1.0m by North and South direction interval 2m, execute the fertilizing amount of 50kg well-rotted farmyard manure, 5kg ash, 30g bio-bacterial manure, 50g urea, 200g superphosphate by every strain, mix stand-by with the 175kg that digs out soil fertilizer;
Two, select the seedling field planting: the semi-finished product bud seedling of choosing annual finished product seedling and then grafting; Peach seedling to slight dehydration will soak seedling body 8h with water purification, and ground temperature is more than 5 ℃, and the field planting degree of depth is 2/3 of cutting; January early and middle ten days button canopy, strqw cover not in 1～7d behind the button canopy, 8～14d inner cap flower curtain changes thereafter normal management over to;
Three, the temperature adjustment control is wet: the budding period temperature remains on 15～18 ℃ of daytimes, 5～10 ℃ of nights, relative moisture 70%～80%; 8～10 ℃ of 18～22 ℃ of temperature daytimes at florescence, nights, relative moisture 50%～60%; Young fruit to fruit expanding period temperature should be 20～28 ℃ of daytimes, 10～12 ℃ of nights, and relative moisture is below 60%; 12～15 ℃ of fruit color, maturing stage 24～25 ℃ of temperature daytimes, nights, relative moisture 60%～70%;
Four, apply fertilizers scientifically: well-rotted farmyard manure 45t/hm
2, urea 300kg/hm
2, superphosphate 750kg/hm
2, potassium sulphate 300kg/hm
2, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 75kg/hm
2, Trichoderma harzianum chlamydospore and bafillus natto 20kg/hm
2Trichoderma harzianum chlamydospore and bafillus natto ratio are about 7: 3 by weight; After the fruit picking in summer and before and after the fall foliage, make base manure in conjunction with ploughing to spread fertilizer over the fields at twice, the degree of depth of ploughing 15cm, nearly strain place should be shallow, at a distance should be dark.
Five, the control of tree body, tree-like pruning: prosperous long middle and later periods of autumn growth, be 200 times of liquid of 20d blade face, early and middle ten days interval in August 2 15% paclobutrazols of spray, spray again 1 time before pruning behind the fallen leaves, the excessively prosperous plant strain growth of tree vigo(u)r is wanted listing mark season, in conjunction with the every strain of autumn basal dressing again root execute about 10g 5% paclobutrazol, when the spring tip long during to the 10cm left and right sides blade face can spray again 250 times of liquid of 15% paclobutrazol; The optimal pruning of nectarine is tree-like to mainly contain 3 kinds of spindle, natural open centre shape and two major branch shapes;
Six, prevent and treat parasitosis: 4 °～5 ° lime sulfurs of spray Baume before germinateing, spend 0.3 ° of lime sulfur of rear spray Baume or select 800 times of liquid sprayings of 70% mancozeb wettable powder to prevent and treat brown rot; In time 1500 times of liquid of choosing spray more than 50% mould clever wetting powders, 1500 times of liquid of 65% metalaxyl wetting powder, 50% speed can be prevented and treated by 1000～2000 times of liquid of clever wetting powder in the fragmentary sick stage of mouldy dirt; Interval 7～10d spray 1 time connects and sprays 2～3 times, and 10d discontinues medication before the fruit picking; 1 5% heavy diesel fuel emulsion of spray before peach germinates is selected 2000 times of liquid of 1.8% avermectin missible oil, 3000 times of liquid controls of 1.8% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate two spotted spider mite after spending, interval 7d spray 1 time connects and sprays 2～3 times; The black peach aphid initial stage of origination is avoided the florescence in time to spray 2000～3000 times of liquid of the clean wetting powder of 10% aphid lice or 2000～3000 times of liquid controls of 10% time clean wetting powder black peach aphid, and two kinds of medicaments are used alternatingly, and interval 7d spray 1 time connects and sprays 2 times; At 5 ° of lime sulfurs of peach resting stage spray Baume, spend 0.3 ° of lime sulfur of rear spray Baume, nymph is prevented and treated with 2000 times of liquid sprayings of 80% DDT EC, 4 °～5 ° lime sulfurs of full canopy spray Baume before the peach rudiment, their early stage spray 0.3 ° of lime sulfur of Baume and select 500～700 times of liquid of 70% mancozeb wettable powder, 600 times of liquid sprayings of 75% tpn wetting powder control coccid;
Seven, artificial pollination: the 10:00 in morning of nectarine full-bloom stage fine day, with what sterile clean writing brush writing brush or absorbent cotton were bundled into the handle cotton swab arranged, moving in the spray rollback that comes up;
Eight, fixed fruit: long fruit branch stays 7～8 of fruits, and medium fruit branch stays 4～6 of fruits, and fruit spur stays 2～3 of fruits, and the every strain of trees in richful production period always stays the fruit amount to be controlled at 130, and fruit thinning should be dredged fruitlet, sick fruit, malformed fruit;
Nine, timely collecting: when nectarine grows to 8 maturations, the fruit face is plentiful, and pulp is slightly hard, and stained area reaches 2/3 when above, should in time gather, and will handle with care when gathering, and in the packing case buffering will be arranged, and avoids fruit to fray, stab.
Claims (3)
1. the implantation methods of a nectarine, it is characterized in that: fertilizer contains after the final singling: well-rotted farmyard manure 45t/hm
2, urea 300kg/hm
2, superphosphate 750kg/hm
2, potassium sulphate 300kg/hm
2, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 75kg/hm
2Mix an amount of bacterial manure 20kg/hm
2
2. the implantation methods of a nectarine is characterized in that: the semi-finished product bud seedling of choosing annual finished product seedling and then grafting; Peach seedling to slight dehydration will soak seedling body 8h with water purification, and ground temperature is more than 5 ℃, and the field planting degree of depth is 2/3 of cutting; January early and middle ten days button canopy, strqw cover not in 1～7d behind the button canopy, 8～14d inner cap flower curtain.
3. the implantation methods of a kind of nectarine as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: an amount of bacterial manure is Trichoderma harzianum chlamydospore and bafillus natto; Trichoderma harzianum chlamydospore and bafillus natto ratio are about 7: 3 by weight.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011102885237A CN103004546A (en) | 2011-09-22 | 2011-09-22 | Nectarine planting method |
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| CN2011102885237A CN103004546A (en) | 2011-09-22 | 2011-09-22 | Nectarine planting method |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103535239A (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2014-01-29 | 安徽环绿生态农业投资发展有限公司 | Nectarine planting method |
| CN105557320A (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2016-05-11 | 南京农业大学（宿迁）设施园艺研究院 | Greenhouse stock grafting, propagation and seedling method for nectarines |
| CN106416717A (en) * | 2016-10-12 | 2017-02-22 | 烟台市昊星晟信息技术有限公司 | Method for greenhouse pollution-free plantation |
| CN106922468A (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2017-07-07 | 金寨胜达农业科技有限公司 | A kind of nutrition cultural method of peach |
| CN107548851A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2018-01-09 | 界首市方辉家庭农场 | A kind of method of nectarine cuttage cultivation |
| CN110839469A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-02-28 | 李时平 | Seedling raising method for fruit seedlings |
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| CN101595816A (en) * | 2009-07-28 | 2009-12-09 | 何松庆 | Application process for trichodermin preventer |
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| CN101642036A (en) * | 2009-02-16 | 2010-02-10 | 何松庆 | Application process of fungus biocontrol agent |
| CN101595816A (en) * | 2009-07-28 | 2009-12-09 | 何松庆 | Application process for trichodermin preventer |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103535239A (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2014-01-29 | 安徽环绿生态农业投资发展有限公司 | Nectarine planting method |
| CN105557320A (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2016-05-11 | 南京农业大学（宿迁）设施园艺研究院 | Greenhouse stock grafting, propagation and seedling method for nectarines |
| CN106416717A (en) * | 2016-10-12 | 2017-02-22 | 烟台市昊星晟信息技术有限公司 | Method for greenhouse pollution-free plantation |
| CN106922468A (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2017-07-07 | 金寨胜达农业科技有限公司 | A kind of nutrition cultural method of peach |
| CN107548851A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2018-01-09 | 界首市方辉家庭农场 | A kind of method of nectarine cuttage cultivation |
| CN110839469A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-02-28 | 李时平 | Seedling raising method for fruit seedlings |
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Application publication date: 20130403 |
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