CN103636478B - Be applicable to the pepper seedling raising medium of winter-spring season - Google Patents
Be applicable to the pepper seedling raising medium of winter-spring season Download PDFInfo
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- CN103636478B CN103636478B CN201310674804.5A CN201310674804A CN103636478B CN 103636478 B CN103636478 B CN 103636478B CN 201310674804 A CN201310674804 A CN 201310674804A CN 103636478 B CN103636478 B CN 103636478B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of pepper seedling raising medium being applicable to winter-spring season, the volume ratio preparing the raw material of described matrix is: cow dung 2-5, waste material of edible mushroom 1-6, perlite 1-5.Beneficial effect of the present invention is; utilize Hexi prefecture (particularly Zhangye) existing agricultural wastes; with the abundant agricultural organic waste such as cow dung, waste material of edible mushroom for primary raw material; give the optimum matrix formulations of pepper seedling raising of Hexi prefecture (particularly Zhangye) ecological condition; to comprehensive utilization agricultural wastes, protection Ecological Environment, reduces seedling cost; improve seedling quality, for local capsicum factorial seedling growth provides theoretical foundation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to pepper seedling raising medium field, particularly a kind of pepper seedling raising medium being applicable to winter-spring season.
Background technology
Hexi prefecture refers to the ground such as Jiuquan, Zhangye, Wuwei in Gansu Province of China, because being positioned to the west of the Yellow River, is called the west of a river from ancient times.Zhangye is steer ration base, 1,000,000, Gansu Province, and be also edible mushroom Main Cultivation area, have the reproducible utilization resources such as abundant waste material of edible mushroom and excrement of animals, these resources, before not making full use of, can cause certain pollution to rural environment.
Traditional capsicum soilless raising seedling substrate is mostly the composite interstitial substance of the peat composed of rotten mosses, perlite, vermiculite.Such as Chinese patent CN102211966A discloses a kind of sunlight greenhouse hot pepper seedling culturing substrate, and adopt the peat composed of rotten mosses and decomposed cow dung and vermiculite to make, but the peat composed of rotten mosses is nonrenewable resources, reserves are limited, and exhaustive exploitation can cause ecotope catastrophic collapse.
China's peat composed of rotten mosses mainly originates from northeast or from external import, and transportation range is far away, and cost is high.Therefore, according to the local resources of Hexi prefecture, research and develop a kind of originate wide, cost is low, the seedling medium of environment-friendly type, to reduction Vegetables Factory Plantation Growing Seedlings cost, preserving the ecological environment has great importance.Although Chinese patent CN102408273B discloses a kind of capsicum soilless culture substrate, mainly be made up of corn stalk, cow dung, mushroom slag, LATERAL EYES OF PHRYNOCEPHALUSE, the beneficial effect of this patent is, LATERAL EYES OF PHRYNOCEPHALUSE is adopted to replace the inorganic matrixes such as vermiculite, perlite, slag, in the organic substrates such as maize straw, mushroom slag, the peat composed of rotten mosses, cow dung, chicken manure, select stalk to be matrix, instead of the peat composed of rotten mosses.But and be not suitable for Hexi prefecture, be particularly not suitable for the nursery carrying out capsicum at winter-spring season.
Matrix formulations is the key factor affecting point disk seedling growing quality.Different regions ecological condition is different with discarded object kind, and seedling medium formula is also different; The natural conditions such as Various Seasonal light temperature are different, and seedling medium formula is also different.
Therefore, the pepper seedling raising medium that the winter-spring season in China Hexi Region of Gansu uses is not suitable in prior art.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of local resources according to Hexi prefecture, research and develop a kind of originate wide, cost is low, environment-friendly type, be suitable for the pepper seedling raising medium that winter-spring season uses.
The pepper seedling raising medium being applicable to winter-spring season of the present invention, the volume feed preparing this matrix is:
Cow dung 2-5 waste material of edible mushroom 1-6 perlite 1-5.
" matrix " of the present invention is the key factor of point disk seedling growing, be seedlings root rely growth material base, it is the primary condition of seedling development, with seedling nutrient, Water Transportation rule and seedling grow and seedling quality closely related, be the basis of factorial seedling growth, directly affect quality and the nursery effect of seedling.
" seedling medium " of the present invention is exactly the needs according to growth of seedling, utilizes organic and inorganic material and the formulated high-quality soil of microorganism formulation or soilless culture substrate.
The various organic substrate raw material of the present invention, as cow dung, chicken manure, waste material of edible mushroom, sugar beet waste products adopt conventional fermentation technique means to use after fermenting raw materials.Under the prerequisite that can realize the object of the invention, invention has been preferably following.
Preferred pepper seedling raising medium of the present invention, the volume ratio of the raw material of preparation matrix is:
Cow dung 3-4 waste material of edible mushroom 2-5 perlite 2-4.
Preferred three kinds of pepper seedling raising mediums further, the volume ratio of its Raw is respectively:
Cow dung: waste material of edible mushroom: perlite=4:2:4.
Cow dung: waste material of edible mushroom: perlite=3:5:2.
Cow dung: waste material of edible mushroom: perlite=3:4:3.
Capsicum of the present invention comprises green pepper class of clustering, sweet persimmon green pepper class, capsicum annum fasciculatum, conical redpepper fruit (long handle green pepper) CapsicumfrutescensL.var.conoides(Mill.) Bailey; Little finger of toe green pepper (ivory capsicum, elongated capsicum) CapsicumfrutescensL.var.acuminatumFingh.; Long capsicum CapsicumfrutescensL.var.longumBailey.Preferably boat green pepper No. 5.
Continue preferred to pepper seedling raising medium, this matrix, when having following physicochemical property, can better solve technical problem of the present invention.Be specially: unit weight is 0.4-0.7g/cm
3, total porosity is 70-90%, aeration porosity is 30-60%, described water holding porosity be 20-50%, pH be 5-10, EC is 500-900 μ s/cm, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen is 800-1200mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus is 600-1200mg/kg, available potassium is 6000-10000mg/kg.The computing formula of above-mentioned physicochemical property is see test example 1.
Pepper seedling raising medium of the present invention, when having following physicochemical property, namely unit weight is 0.49-0.56g/cm
3, total porosity is 79-82%, aeration porosity is 40-56%, water holding porosity be 26-39%, pH be 9-10, EC is 600-800 μ s/cm, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen is 900-1200mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus is 640-940mg/kg, available potassium is 7000-10000mg/kg.Plant height, stem are thick, it is more excellent that complete stool fresh weight, overground part fresh weight, underground part fresh weight, underground part dry weight, chlorophyll content, seedling vigorous index, overground part dry weight, complete stool dry weight show.
Matrix of the present invention is mainly all that surprisingly, the pH of above-mentioned matrix, when 5.5-6.5, is more suitable for pepper seedling growth by the high cow dung, waste edible fungus gurry etc. of alkalinity by different proportion mixture by each matrix.In prior art, the not report of the pH value of matrix.
Pepper seedling raising medium of the present invention is in the application of Hexi Region of Gansu winter-spring season pepper seedling raising.Obviously, if those of ordinary skill is according to the cognition of known technology, pepper seedling raising medium of the present invention is applied to the similar area of climatic environment and Hexi Region of Gansu in ground, all within protection scope of the present invention.
The pepper seedling raising medium formula of the present invention further provided, the volume ratio of each raw material is: cow dung 2-5, waste material of edible mushroom 1-6, perlite 1-5, chicken manure 1-5, reed ash 1-5, sugar beet waste products 1-5.
Further illustrate the source that the present invention is raw materials used below:
Edible mushroom of the present invention includes but not limited to straw mushroom, flat mushroom, mushroom, auricularia auriculajudae, mushroom.
Waste material of edible mushroom of the present invention is again bacterium chaff, bacterium slag, offcuts, useless bacterium cylinder, mushroom bacteria rod, is that the composts or fertilisers of cultivating drying after culturing edible fungus forms, containing rich in protein and other nutrition.
Cow dung is the ight soil of ox, wherein has the residual matter of many indigested plants, and containing abundant mineral matter, by green to black not etc., color can be dimmed contacting with air afterwards for color.Ox comprises milk cow, beef cattle, preferably the cow dung of Zhangye City, Gansu Province beef cattle.Preferably cow dung is made cow dung dry powder, method collects fresh cow dung to be placed in outdoor air-dry, and air-dry rear excrement dehydrator dehydration, dehydration is placed in baking oven dries, and pulverizes again, obtain cow dung dry powder after oven dry.
Perlite be perlite ore through preheating, a kind of inside of making after TRANSIENT HIGH TEMPERATURE calcining expansion is the material of the white granular of alveolate texture.
The perennial herb fibre plant of reed Hexi prefecture, reed ash is the ashes after reed burning.
Sugar beet waste products comprises the waste silk after the cauline leaf of the beet of Hexi prefecture, blue or green head, root of the tail and squeezing sugar, obtains through super-dry.
Chicken manure is the ight soil of chicken, preferably chicken manure is made chicken manure dry powder, and method for making is with cow dung dry powder.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is; utilize Hexi prefecture (particularly Zhangye) existing agricultural wastes; with the abundant agricultural organic waste such as cow dung, waste material of edible mushroom for primary raw material; give the optimum matrix formulations of pepper seedling raising of Hexi prefecture (particularly Zhangye) ecological condition; to comprehensive utilization agricultural wastes, protection Ecological Environment, reduces seedling cost; improve seedling quality, for local capsicum factorial seedling growth provides theoretical foundation.Each embodiment pepper seedling raising medium result of the test of the present invention shows, there is obvious facilitation to the growth of pepper seedling, on, complete stool fresh weight, overground part fresh weight, underground part fresh weight thick at plant height, underground part dry weight, stem, on the indices such as seedling vigorous index, overground part dry weight, complete stool dry weight, be all better than contrast and significant difference.Below in conjunction with test example, the present invention will be further described.
Test example 1
1 materials and methods
1.1 test material
1.1.1 experimental cultivar experimental cultivar is ' boat green pepper No. 5 ', and by sky and water divine boat Lv Peng agricultural science and technology, Co., Ltd provides.
1.1.2 for examination matrix Example 1-6 matrix.
1.1.3 contrast matrix to be provided by the green and prosperous seedling medium processing factory in Shouguang, Shandong, main component is the peat composed of rotten mosses: vermiculite=2:1.
1.2 test method
Test to utilize in Provincial Key Lab in colleges and universities of Gansu Province Hexi Corridor characteristic resources on April 1,20 days to 2012 November in 2011 and carry out.Soak seed 20min with the liquor potassic permanganate of 0.02% before broadcasting, vernalization in illumination box after rinsing well with clear water, germination temperature is daytime 25 DEG C, night 18 DEG C.Every day rinses 1 time with clear water.Be sowed at after seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally in 50 hole dishes, 2, every cave seed, thinning during 2 leaf 1 heart, 1 seedling is stayed in every cave.1 dish is broadcast in each process.
1.3 measure project and method
1.3.1 matrix unit weight, porosity one volume 100cm
3(V) (cutting ring quality is M to cutting ring
0), fill natural air drying matrix, weigh W
1; Weigh during the state that reaches capacity in immersion water W
2; After moisture drains naturally, weigh W
3; Calculate by formula (1)-(4).
Unit weight=(W
1-M
0)/V (1)
Total porosity (TP)=[(W
2– W
1)/V] × 100% (2)
Aeration porosity (AP)=[(W
2– W
3)/V] × 100% (3)
Water-holding porosity (WHP)=total porosity-aeration porosity (4)
1.3.2 air-dry matrix (quality) mixes with 1:5 ratio with deionized water (volume) by substrate pH, EC value mutually, gets filtrate after 2h, determines pH, EC value respectively with HANNAHi8134 type pH meter and HANNAHi8134 type EC measurement.
1.3.3 matrix alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus, quick-acting potassium content alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content adopt alkaline hydrolysis diffusion process, and available phosphorus contents adopts sodium bicarbonate lixiviate-molybdenum antimony resistance colorimetric method, and quick-acting potassium content adopts cation exchange resin membrane lixiviate-flame spectrometry.
1.3.4 growth of seedling index plant height is the height of basal part of stem to plant strain growth point, with tape measure; At cotyledon bottom 2/3 place, vernier caliper measurement stem is thick; The number of blade refers to the true leaf number launched completely; Overground part and underground part are done, fresh weight records on electronic balance (sensibility reciprocal 0.001g).Dry weight oven drying method, 105 DEG C of 15min that complete, dry to constant weight for 75 DEG C; Chlorophyll content 95% ethanol immersion.Often process mensuration 10 strain, repeat 3 times, get its mean value.
Seedling vigorous index=[thick (the mm)/plant height (mm) of stem] × total dry weight (mg)
Root/shoot ratio=underground dry weight/ground dry weight.
2 results
2.1 respectively process matrix physicochemical character
The physicochemical property of table 1 different substrates formula
2.2 different embodiments are on the impact of pepper seedling growth indexes
The comparison of table 2 different embodiment pepper seedling growth indexes
2.3 different embodiments are on the impact of pepper seedling fresh weight and dry weight
The comparison g of table 3 different embodiment pepper seedling fresh weight and dry weight
2.4 different embodiments are on the impact of pepper seedling seedling vigorous index, chlorophyll content
The comparison of table 4 different embodiment pepper seedling seedling vigorous index, chlorophyll content
Embodiment
The volume ratio of each raw material of embodiment 1-14 is in table 5
Base starting material cow dung is purchased from raiser, and waste material of edible mushroom (mushroom bacteria rod) is provided by edible mushroom research institute of Hexi University.
Table 5 is for examination matrix formulations (V/V)
The volume ratio of each raw material of embodiment 4-6 is in table 6
Base starting material cow dung, chicken manure are purchased from raiser, and waste material of edible mushroom (mushroom bacteria rod), sugar beet waste products are provided by edible mushroom research institute of Hexi University.
Table 6 is for examination matrix formulations (V/V)
The above embodiment is only that the preferred embodiment of the present invention is described; not scope of the present invention is limited; under not departing from the present invention and designing the prerequisite of spirit; the various distortion that those of ordinary skill in the art make technical scheme of the present invention and improvement, all should fall in protection domain that claims of the present invention determine.
Claims (2)
1. be applicable to a pepper seedling raising medium for winter-spring season, it is characterized in that, the volume ratio preparing the raw material of described matrix is:
Cow dung 4, waste material of edible mushroom 2, perlite 4,
Chicken manure 1-5, reed ash 1-5, sugar beet waste products 1-5,
Unit weight is 0.49-0.56g/cm
3, total porosity is 79-82%, aeration porosity is 40-56%, water holding porosity be 26-39%, pH be 5.5-6.5, EC is 600-800 μ s/cm, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen is 900-1200mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus is 640-940mg/kg, available potassium is 7000-10000mg/kg.
2. a pepper seedling raising medium as described in claim 1 is in the application of Hexi Region of Gansu winter-spring season pepper seedling raising.
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104961526A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-10-07 | 曾彩莲 | Capsicum annuum seedling growing matrix and preparing method thereof |
| CN105272414A (en) * | 2015-10-26 | 2016-01-27 | 重庆市林业科学研究院 | Method for producing light seedling culture medium from agricultural and forestry residues |
| CN108812265B (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2021-03-02 | 中国科学院南京土壤研究所 | Pepper soilless culture method for improving vitamin C content and reducing nitrate content |
| CN111165312A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-05-19 | 贵州省蚕业研究所(贵州省辣椒研究所) | Pepper seedling culture substrate and seedling culture method |
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| CN101433176A (en) * | 2008-11-17 | 2009-05-20 | 新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所 | Seedling cultivation substrate using mushroom residue as raw material and preparation method thereof |
| CN101697704A (en) * | 2009-11-06 | 2010-04-28 | 西北农林科技大学 | Soilless cultivation organic substrate used for seedling raising of capsicums and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102850128A (en) * | 2012-09-10 | 2013-01-02 | 河海大学 | Reusable seedling substrate and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103070059A (en) * | 2013-01-15 | 2013-05-01 | 阜阳市王冰生态农业科技有限公司 | Strawberry soilless culture medium |
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| CN101433176A (en) * | 2008-11-17 | 2009-05-20 | 新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所 | Seedling cultivation substrate using mushroom residue as raw material and preparation method thereof |
| CN101697704A (en) * | 2009-11-06 | 2010-04-28 | 西北农林科技大学 | Soilless cultivation organic substrate used for seedling raising of capsicums and preparation method thereof |
| CN102408273A (en) * | 2010-09-20 | 2012-04-11 | 甘肃农业大学 | Capsicum soil-less cultivation substrate and its preparation method |
| CN102531753A (en) * | 2012-02-17 | 2012-07-04 | 陕西众兴高科生物科技有限公司 | Organic matrix containing needle mushroom residues |
| CN102850128A (en) * | 2012-09-10 | 2013-01-02 | 河海大学 | Reusable seedling substrate and preparation method thereof |
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