CN103601590A - Culture medium of pleurotus cornucopiae, preparation of culture medium, and culture method of pleurotus cornucopiae - Google Patents
Culture medium of pleurotus cornucopiae, preparation of culture medium, and culture method of pleurotus cornucopiae Download PDFInfo
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- CN103601590A CN103601590A CN201310596002.7A CN201310596002A CN103601590A CN 103601590 A CN103601590 A CN 103601590A CN 201310596002 A CN201310596002 A CN 201310596002A CN 103601590 A CN103601590 A CN 103601590A
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 title abstract description 17
- 241000222351 Pleurotus cornucopiae Species 0.000 title abstract 5
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 title abstract 3
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 244000252132 Pleurotus eryngii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 235000001681 Pleurotus eryngii Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002515 guano Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- -1 1 liang Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013409 condiments Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000013038 hand mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000222350 Pleurotus Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000008429 bread Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a culture medium of pleurotus cornucopiae, preparation of the culture medium, and a culture method of the pleurotus cornucopiae. The culture medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of needle mushroom or/and pleurotus eryngii dregs, 60-80 parts of cow dung or/and bird guano and 1-5 parts of burnt lime, wherein the water content in the formula is 55-65 percent, and the pH value is 7-8. The preparation of the culture medium comprises the following steps: collecting the needle mushroom or/and pleurotus eryngii dregs; preparing the culture medium according to the formula; performing stacking fermentation on the culture medium for 25-40 days; and spreading the culture medium in a culture field, fermenting till the temperature rises to 50-60 DEG C, and sterilizing. The culture method of the pleurotus cornucopiae comprises the following steps: preparing the culture medium; inoculating on the culture medium in the culture field after ammonia is completely emitted; covering one layer of soil on the culture medium after the culture medium generates hypha; enabling sporocarps to grow and develop; and harvesting after the sporocarps develop completely.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fungus growing technique field, especially relate to the substratum of a kind of Ji mushroom, the invention still further relates to a kind of preparation method of Ji's mushroom culture medium, the invention still further relates to the cultural method of a kind of Ji mushroom.
Background technology
China's mushroom industry has obtained flourish, and especially recent two decades comes, and promotes improved seeds, change culturing raw material, improve cultivation technique, and facility technology develops rapidly, the new and high technologies such as novel material, automatic control are increasingly extensive in the application in edible mushrooms field, and the level of the productive forces significantly improves.Set up thousands of planting edible mushrooms village, hundreds of planting edible mushroom Base Counties, batch production is produced edible mushrooms and is progressively formed weather, and the batch production production of edible mushrooms has become Chinese agricultural modernization batch production and produced successful model.
Ji mushroom, is unique flat mushroom kind, pleurotus, formal name used at school Ji mushroom.By Hebei province institute of microbiology, introduced a fine variety in Japan, extensive at Japanese sales volume, for wheaten food, go with rice or bread.The resistance of Ji mushroom and adaptability are all very strong, and available culturing raw material is also very extensive, take raw material or cured material bag-cultured wall formula fruiting at present more.Ji mushroom mycelia is decomposed xylogen, and Mierocrystalline cellulose is very competent, and general crop stalk tankage, cotton skin, saw foam, straw, corn cob etc. all can be used as the culture material of cultivation Ji mushroom, also can obtain high yield simultaneously.Ji mushroom culturing raw material wide material sources, formula mainly contains:
1) cotton seed hull is 90 jin, 10 jin of husband's skins;
2) boll hull is 50 jin, 25 jin of wood chips, and 25 jin of straw, separately add 15 jin of husband's skins;
3) boll hull is 50 jin, and 50 jin of the waste mushrooms of each rare mushroom separately add 15 jin of husband's skins;
4) boll hull is 50 jin, and 50 jin of wood chips separately add 10 jin of husband's skins,
More than formula adds 3～4 jin, lime in addition again, 3 liang, urea, and 2 liang of potassium primary phosphates, 1 liang, magnesium sulfate, in condiment, water content 60～63%, adjust pH value 8.
Domestic production Ji mushroom mainly be take cultivating bag charging production as main at present, and the scale of cultivating bag varies in different localities.The batch production of edible mushrooms is produced and is consumed a large amount of starting material, also produces the many bacterium slags of quantity simultaneously.The fast development of edible mushrooms causes cultivating and is becoming tight raw material supply day, and price increase, in order to find new raw material resources, reduces production costs, and the processing problem that solves bacterium slag waste material, makes resource can access the focus that rationally lasting utilization becomes research.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, on the one hand, one of the object of the invention is to provide the substratum of a kind of Ji mushroom.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the substratum of Ji mushroom provided by the invention, the weight part of its component and each component is: needle mushroom is or/and 20～40 parts of Pleurotus eryngii bacterium slags, cow dung is or/and 60～80 parts of brid guanos, 1～5 part of unslaked lime, each component after mixing, regulate that in formula, water content is gross weight 55%～65%, and to regulate the pH value of formula be 7～8.
On the other hand, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of Ji's mushroom culture medium.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the preparation method of Ji's mushroom culture medium provided by the invention, at least comprises the following steps:
1), at needle mushroom or/and after Pleurotus eryngii gathers, reject after contaminated bacteria bottle or bag, waste material in washout or bag is poured out, collect needle mushroom or/and Pleurotus eryngii bacterium slag;
2) needle mushroom of, collecting is or/and Pleurotus eryngii bacterium slag 20～40 weight parts, with cow dung or/and brid guano 60～80 weight parts, unslaked lime 1～5 weight part mixes, each component after mixing, regulate that in formula, water content is gross weight 55%～65%, and to regulate the pH value of formula be 7～8, bank up and ferment 25～40 days;
3) substratum obtaining after step 2 is spread fermentation calefaction to 50～60 ℃ out, if fermentation calefaction does not reach 50 ℃, assists and is warming up to 50～60 ℃, carries out sterilizing.
In addition, the present invention also aims to provide the cultural method of a kind of Ji mushroom.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the cultural method of Ji mushroom provided by the invention, the component of its substratum and the weight part of each component are: needle mushroom is or/and 20～40 parts of Pleurotus eryngii bacterium slags, cow dung is or/and 60～80 parts of brid guanos, 1～5 part of unslaked lime, cultural method at least comprises the following steps:
1), at needle mushroom or/and after Pleurotus eryngii gathers, reject after contaminated bacteria bottle or bag, waste material in washout or bag is poured out, collect needle mushroom or/and Pleurotus eryngii bacterium slag;
2), the needle mushroom of described collection is or/and Pleurotus eryngii bacterium slag 20～40 weight parts, with cow dung or/and brid guano 60～80 weight parts, unslaked lime 1～5 weight part mixes, each component after mixing, regulate that in formula, water content is gross weight 55%～65%, and to regulate the pH value of formula be 7～8, bank up and ferment 25～40 days;
3) substratum obtaining after step 2 is spread out in culture farm, and fermentation calefaction to 50～60 ℃, if fermentation calefaction does not reach 50 ℃, are assisted and are warming up to 50～60 ℃, carry out sterilizing;
4) after ammonia distributes totally, on the substratum in culture farm, inoculate;
5) keeping growing environment temperature is 10～25 ℃, and the water content of substratum is 55%～65%, cultivates and on substratum, cover one deck soil after substratum goes out mycelia;
6) keep growing environment temperature between 5～25 ℃, the water content of substratum is 55%～65%, and relative air humidity maintains between 85%～95%, and sporophore growth is grown;
7) when completing, fruit body development gathers.
As the further improvement project of the cultural method of Ji mushroom provided by the invention, on substratum, cover one deck soil described in step 5), in mulching soil, also add husk.
The beneficial effect that the present invention brings: China's Edible Fungi Industry Development is rapid in recent years, when producing with intensive, batch production along with going from strength to strength of mushroom industry, has also produced a large amount of waste edible fungus rejected materials---bacterium slag.Many bacterium slags are arbitrarily deposited in plant area, highway or two sides, river etc., and bacterium slag muck is put overlong time and produced and to go mouldy, and has not only caused the waste of bacterium slag, simultaneously severe contamination environment.In the present invention, pass through needle mushroom, or/and the recycling of Pleurotus eryngii bacterium slag, as the cultivation starting material of Ji mushroom, has obtained the new resources of producing Ji mushroom, to have reduced production cost, and solved needle mushroom or/and the processing problem of Pleurotus eryngii bacterium slag waste material.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: after needle mushroom is gathered, reject after contaminated bacteria bottle or bag, waste material in washout or bag is poured out, collect golden mushroom slag; According to formula: golden mushroom slag 20 weight parts, cow dung 80 weight parts, unslaked lime 1 weight part mix, hand mixing after mixing, regulate that in formula, water content is gross weight 55%, the pH value of formula is 7, after banking up and fermenting 25 days; The substratum obtaining is spread out in culture farm, and sterilizing is carried out in fermentation calefaction to 50～60 ℃; After ammonia distributes totally, on the substratum in culture farm, inoculate; Keeping growing environment temperature is 10 ℃, and the water content of substratum is 55%, cultivates and on substratum, cover the soil that one deck has added husk after substratum goes out mycelia; Keep growing environment temperature at 5 ℃, the water content of substratum is 55%, and relative air humidity 95% is grown sporophore growth; When fruit body development completes, gather, the culture material having gone out after mushroom returns to the fertility that soil as fertilizer sources increases soil.
Embodiment 2: after Pleurotus eryngii is gathered, reject after contaminated bacteria bottle or bag, waste material in washout or bag is poured out, collect Pleurotus eryngii bacterium slag; According to formula: Pleurotus eryngii bacterium slag 40 weight parts, brid guano 60 weight parts, unslaked lime 5 weight parts mix, hand mixing after mixing, regulate that in formula, water content is gross weight 65%, the pH value of formula is 8, after banking up and fermenting 40 days; The substratum obtaining is spread out in culture farm, and sterilizing is carried out in fermentation calefaction to 50～60 ℃; After ammonia distributes totally, on the substratum in culture farm, inoculate; Keeping growing environment temperature is 25 ℃, and the water content of substratum is 65%, cultivates and on substratum, cover the soil that one deck has added husk after substratum goes out mycelia; Keep growing environment temperature between 25 ℃, the water content of substratum is 65%, and relative air humidity 85% is grown sporophore growth; When fruit body development completes, gather, the culture material having gone out after mushroom returns to the fertility that soil as fertilizer sources increases soil.
Embodiment 3: after needle mushroom and Pleurotus eryngii are gathered, reject after contaminated bacteria bottle or bag, waste material in washout or bag is poured out, collect needle mushroom and Pleurotus eryngii bacterium slag; According to formula: needle mushroom and Pleurotus eryngii bacterium slag 30 weight parts, cow dung 35 weight parts, brid guano 35 weight parts, unslaked lime 3 weight parts mix, and stir after mixing, regulate that in formula, water content is gross weight 60%, the pH value of formula is 7.5, after banking up and fermenting 32 days; The substratum obtaining is spread out in culture farm, and fermentation calefaction is also auxiliary is warming up to 50～60 ℃, carries out sterilizing; After ammonia distributes totally, on the substratum in culture farm, inoculate; Keeping growing environment temperature is 20 ℃, and the water content of substratum is 60%, cultivates and on substratum, cover one deck soil after substratum goes out mycelia; Keep growing environment temperature at 15 ℃, the water content of substratum is 60%, and relative air humidity 90% is grown sporophore growth; When fruit body development completes, gather, the culture material having gone out after mushroom returns to the fertility that soil as fertilizer sources increases soil.
Embodiment 4: after needle mushroom and Pleurotus eryngii are gathered, reject after contaminated bacteria bottle or bag, waste material in washout or bag is poured out, collect needle mushroom and Pleurotus eryngii bacterium slag; According to formula: needle mushroom and Pleurotus eryngii bacterium slag 35 weight parts, cow dung 65 weight parts, unslaked lime 4 weight parts mix, and stir after mixing, regulate that in formula, water content is gross weight 62%, the pH value of formula is 7.8, after banking up and fermenting 30 days; The substratum obtaining is spread out in culture farm, and sterilizing is carried out in fermentation calefaction to 50～60 ℃; After ammonia distributes totally, on the substratum in culture farm, inoculate; Keeping growing environment temperature is 20 ℃, and the water content of substratum is 62%, cultivates and on substratum, cover one deck soil after substratum goes out mycelia; Keep growing environment temperature at 15 ℃, the water content of substratum is 62%, and relative air humidity 92% is grown sporophore growth; When fruit body development completes, gather, the culture material having gone out after mushroom returns to the fertility that soil as fertilizer sources increases soil.
Comparative example: select 50 jin of boll hulls, 25 jin of wood chips, 25 jin of straw, separately add 15 jin of husband's skins, add again 3～4 jin, lime, 3 liang, urea, 2 liang of potassium primary phosphates, 1 liang, magnesium sulfate, in condiment, water content 60～63%, adjust pH value 7.5, make the substratum of Ji mushroom, in the identical environment of embodiment 1～4, example is cultivated Ji mushroom in contrast respectively.Facts have proved, Ji's mushroom culture medium provided by the invention is compared with comparative example's substratum, have advantages of the mycelia of going out early, fruit body development is good, Ji mushroom output is high by 3.6%～8.7%.
Obviously, the invention is not restricted to above preferred implementation, also can in the spirit of the claims in the present invention and specification sheets restriction, carry out conversion and the improvement of various ways, can solve same technical problem, and obtain the technique effect of expection, therefore do not repeat.Those of ordinary skill in the art can be from content disclosed by the invention directly or all schemes of associating, as long as within the spirit limiting in claim, also belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the substratum of a Ji mushroom, it is characterized in that, the weight part of its component and each component is: needle mushroom is or/and 20～40 parts of Pleurotus eryngii bacterium slags, cow dung is or/and 60～80 parts of brid guanos, 1～5 part of unslaked lime, each component after mixing, regulate that in formula, water content is gross weight 55%～65%, and to regulate the pH value of formula be 7～8.
2. a substratum preparation method for Ji mushroom, is characterized in that, at least comprises the following steps:
1), at needle mushroom or/and after Pleurotus eryngii gathers, reject after contaminated bacteria bottle or bag, waste material in washout or bag is poured out, collect needle mushroom or/and Pleurotus eryngii bacterium slag;
2) needle mushroom of, collecting is or/and Pleurotus eryngii bacterium slag 20～40 weight parts, with cow dung or/and brid guano 60～80 weight parts, unslaked lime 1～5 weight part mixes, each component after mixing, regulate that in formula, water content is gross weight 55%～65%, and to regulate the pH value of formula be 7～8, bank up and ferment 25～40 days;
3) substratum obtaining after step 2 is spread fermentation calefaction to 50～60 ℃ out, if fermentation calefaction does not reach 50 ℃, assists and is warming up to 50～60 ℃, carries out sterilizing.
3. a cultural method for Ji mushroom, is characterized in that: the component of its substratum and the weight part of each component are: needle mushroom is or/and 20～40 parts of Pleurotus eryngii bacterium slags, and cow dung is or/and 60～80 parts of brid guanos, 1～5 part of unslaked lime, and cultural method at least comprises the following steps:
1), at needle mushroom or/and after Pleurotus eryngii gathers, reject after contaminated bacteria bottle or bag, waste material in washout or bag is poured out, collect needle mushroom or/and Pleurotus eryngii bacterium slag;
2), the needle mushroom of described collection is or/and Pleurotus eryngii bacterium slag 20～40 weight parts, with cow dung or/and brid guano 60～80 weight parts, unslaked lime 1～5 weight part mixes, each component after mixing, regulate that in formula, water content is gross weight 55%～65%, and to regulate the pH value of formula be 7～8, bank up and ferment 25～40 days;
3) substratum obtaining after step 2 is spread out in culture farm, and fermentation calefaction to 50～60 ℃, if fermentation calefaction does not reach 50 ℃, are assisted and are warming up to 50～60 ℃, carry out sterilizing;
4) after ammonia distributes totally, on the substratum in culture farm, inoculate;
5) keeping growing environment temperature is 10～25 ℃, and the water content of substratum is 55%～65%, cultivates and on substratum, cover one deck soil after substratum goes out mycelia;
6) keep growing environment temperature between 5～25 ℃, the water content of substratum is 55%～65%, and relative air humidity maintains between 85%～95%, and sporophore growth is grown;
7) when completing, fruit body development gathers.
4. the cultural method of Ji mushroom according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described in step 5), on substratum, cover one deck soil, also add husk in mulching soil.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103875454A (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2014-06-25 | 四川金堂海纳生物医药技术研究所 | Medium for pleurotus cornucopiae and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN104072300A (en) * | 2014-07-14 | 2014-10-01 | 运城市冰丰商贸有限公司 | High-yield pleurotus cornucopiae culture material |
| CN105384476A (en) * | 2015-10-16 | 2016-03-09 | 淮北市振兴食药用菌研究所 | Morchella culture medium |
| CN106278663A (en) * | 2016-09-05 | 2017-01-04 | 聊城市农业科学研究院 | A kind of Volvaria volvacea cultivation substrate and utilize dreg garbage produce Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． cultivation technique |
| CN106396948A (en) * | 2016-09-05 | 2017-02-15 | 聊城市农业科学研究院 | Edible fungus cultivation matrix and method for cultivation of edible fungi through edible fungus wastes |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106278663A (en) * | 2016-09-05 | 2017-01-04 | 聊城市农业科学研究院 | A kind of Volvaria volvacea cultivation substrate and utilize dreg garbage produce Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． cultivation technique |
| CN106396948A (en) * | 2016-09-05 | 2017-02-15 | 聊城市农业科学研究院 | Edible fungus cultivation matrix and method for cultivation of edible fungi through edible fungus wastes |
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| CN103601590B (en) | 2015-09-02 |
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