CN106278663A - A kind of Volvaria volvacea cultivation substrate and utilize dreg garbage produce Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． cultivation technique - Google Patents
A kind of Volvaria volvacea cultivation substrate and utilize dreg garbage produce Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． cultivation technique Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106278663A CN106278663A CN201610801309.XA CN201610801309A CN106278663A CN 106278663 A CN106278663 A CN 106278663A CN 201610801309 A CN201610801309 A CN 201610801309A CN 106278663 A CN106278663 A CN 106278663A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- dreg
- quick lime
- manure
- chicken manure
- volvaria volvacea
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
- C05D3/02—Calcareous fertilisers from limestone, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrate, slaked lime, calcium oxide, waste calcium products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention belongs to biological technical field, relate to a kind of Volvaria volvacea cultivation substrate, including 65～80% dreg, 17～30% cattle manure or chicken manure, 3～5% quick lime, it is weight ratio.Also include preparation method and the Volvaria volvacea cultivation method of described Volvaria volvacea cultivation substrate.The present invention makes full use of the agricultural wastes such as Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing, the dreg of Pleurotus eryngii and chicken manure as cultivation matrix, utilizes the biological heat that these substrate fermentations produce, and the no longer fuel such as electricity consumption or coal, as thermal source, reduces energy consumption, saves production cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to biological technical field, relate to a kind of utilize dreg the like waste low energy consumption produce Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． substrate and
Its cultivation technique.Making full use of special edible fungi booth thermal insulation good, Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing, the dreg of Pleurotus eryngii and chicken manure fermenting can produce
The feature of biological heat, no longer with coal or other energy production heat energy in production, reduces energy consumption, has saved cost.
Background technology
Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． is a kind of high temperature mushroom kind, mainly at summer culture.Produce and need hot and humid environment, it is desirable to growth temperature
Degree: 28～38 degree, humidity 85～95%.Under the natural conditions of Shandong, general 6～August, can be only achieved under protecting field facility condition
Requirement.Spring autumn and winter, production was extremely difficult to this condition.If electricity consumption or coal etc. are as energy sources for heating, high cost, market is difficult
To accept.
Producing Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． raw material and mainly have Caulis et Folium Oryzae, waste cotton, Pleurotus eryngii dreg etc., biological efficiency is typically 20%～30%.
At present, Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． produces more conventional and that production efficiency is higher mode is tier rack type cultural method.The method utilizes traditional brick to mix
Formula mushroom house, both can be at conventional cultivation in summer, moreover it is possible in the fall or spring realizes off-season cultivation by the coal gas mode such as heat, after
Person is the production method that the ground such as Danyang, current Jiangsu are more commonly used.
Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． delicious flavour, the huge market demand, have a extensive future, delicious and cheap fresh Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． counter-seas on production supply market
Highly significant.But, Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． not shelf-stable, can only store under the conditions of general 15～25 degree 2～3 days, exceed this scope, store
Time is shorter.In order to store Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer．, market being taked the modes such as salting, drying, quick-freezing, no matter which kind of mode, mouthfeel is all subject to
Impact.
Liu Xinhuas etc. report summer fallow booth high alkalinity cultivation in raw material Technique for Volvariella (" edible fungi " the 3rd phase in 2015
Page 36～37), literary composition mainly describes and utilizes summer integeral corn core and chicken manure for raw material production Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． in day-light greenhouse
Technology, raw material needs before entering canopy to soak corn cob saturated limewater, and chicken manure is executed in canopy and rotary tillage is buried, corn cob warp
Enter canopy after within 7-10 days, soaking, be piled into the bar stack of high about 30-35, earthing after fungus scattering kind, cover black film, mycelia after 4 days
Black film is removed after growing charge level.Budding when about 7 days, can gather when 9 days.The green house of vegetables that the method utilizes summer idle is planted
Train one season Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer．, make use of the feature that summer high temperature high humidity environment and integeral corn core are ventilated.But the method can only arrive at the beginning of 6 months
Start at the beginning of 7 months, just terminated in 8 months.Produce and be limited to summer high temperature period season, it is impossible to the anniversaryization realizing Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． is cultivated.
CN201010251313.6 discloses the production method of the dreg cultivating agaricus bisporus utilizing Pleurotus eryngii, is by following thing
Matter and percentage ratio are constituted: dreg 40-60%, corn stalk 20-40%, cattle manure 10-30%, carbamide 1-3%, Calx 1-3%, mistake
Calcium phosphate 0.5-2.5%, the described production method utilizing Pleurotus eryngii dreg cultivating agaricus bisporus, its production technology is: often take
The production technology of rule cultivating agaricus bisporus, it may be assumed that raw material prewet → build heap → turning → added stone → fermentation → sowing → mycelia is trained
Foster → earthing → management of producing mushroom → sporophore is gathered, and due to the fact that the waste material dreg recycling production Pleurotus eryngii is as cultivation
The dispensing of Agaricus Bisporus, not only avoid environmental pollution, reaches cleaning growth, the purpose of protection environment.
CN201410058391.2 discloses a kind of needle mushroom dreg culture base-material and the method for cultivating bisporous mushroom thereof, will
Needle mushroom dreg 30-60 part, cattle manure 35 parts, bagasse 0.5-1 part, Bombyx mori L. 0.5-1.5 part, compound fertilizer 1 part, Calx 1-1.5
Part, Gypsum Fibrosum 0.5-1 part, calcium superphosphate 2 parts, by build heap, ferment, sow, earthing, fruiting and series of steps of gathering are produced
The Agaricus bisporus fruiting phase come shifts to an earlier date 7-10 days, adopts mushroom phase prolongation 10-15 days, needle mushroom dreg is recycled, decrease bacterium
The slag pollution to environment.
CN201410104624.8 discloses a kind of Hypsizygus marmoreus dreg culture base-material and preparation method thereof, joins by weight
Ratio weighs Hypsizygus marmoreus dreg 35-65 part, fowl and animal excrement 30-40 part, wheat bran 0.5-1 part, potassium chloride 0.5-1.5 part, ammonium nitrate 1-2
Part, Calx 1-1.5 part, Gypsum Fibrosum 1-1.5 part, calcium superphosphate 2 parts, weed tree sawdust 0.5-1 part, corn stalk 1.5-2.5 part, cotton seed hulls
0.5-1.5 part, aminoacid humic acids 1-1.5 part, made by Jian Dui and four turnings, base material cultivating straw mushroom, make the fruiting phase carry
First 6-10 days, adopt mushroom phase prolongation 10-15 days, increase Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． yield 34%-38%, send out bacterium speed 1.16-1.18cm/ days, send out bacterium
16-20 days used time, decrease the pollution to environment of the Hypsizygus marmoreus dreg, improve the biological transformation ratio of culturing raw material and Volvaria volvacea cultivation
Economic benefit.
The substrate of above-mentioned patent application has a similarity, but above-mentioned patent all exists and can not realize anniversary metaplasia and produce and base
The problems such as plasmogamy side is complicated.
Summary of the invention
During Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． off-season cultivation, identical with conventional cultivation, need to be passed through steam and carry out pasteurization, afterwards through simple
Access strain after ferment in second time, carry out sending out bacterium and management of producing mushroom etc..Need when fruiting to rely on gas piping to improve temperature of shed,
Temperature of shed is made to reach Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． growth demand.But in recent years, coal price is higher, cultivated area 500m2Mushroom shed, coal-fired
Cost 500 yuan/day, therefore the method Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． production cost is typically at 20 yuan/more than kg.Counter-seas on production Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer．, the market demand
Amount is big, wide market, but owing to needs use coal or electricity heating, cost is always high causes its production to be limited
System.
It is an object of the invention to for the deficiencies in the prior art, it is provided that a kind of Volvaria volvacea cultivation substrate and cultural method thereof.
A kind of Volvaria volvacea cultivation substrate, including 65～80% dreg, 17～30% cattle manure or chicken manure, 3～5% quick lime, all
For weight ratio.The present invention is simple, workable, with described in background technology Patents (as
CN201010251313.6, CN201410058391.2, CN201410104624.8) compare, it is evident that advantage be Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer．
The formula of cultivation matrix is extremely simple, produces to the Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． of mushroom agriculture and brings great convenience.And with institute in Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． yield
State patent suitable, there is no inferior position.Therefore the present invention is welcome by mushroom agriculture deeply.The substrate of background technology Patent application have similar it
Place, but all there is problems such as can not realizing anniversary metaplasia product and matrix formulations complexity in described patent.Wherein
CN201410104624.8 utilizes Hypsizygus marmoreus dreg cultivating straw mushroom to send out 16-20 days bacterium used time, sends out many one times of bacterium used time than the present invention.
Under comparing, the present invention is simple, workable, is especially suitable for liking vast mushroom agriculture simple to operate.
Preferably, described Volvaria volvacea cultivation substrate also includes Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, and the addition of Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae is that dreg, cattle manure or chicken manure are raw
The 20～30% of Calx gross weight, weight ratio.
Described dreg is Pleurotus eryngii dreg or needle mushroom dreg, or the mixture of the two, and the two can mix in any proportion
Close and use.
A kind of Volvaria volvacea cultivation substrate compositions, by 65～80% dreg, 17～30% cattle manure or chicken manure, 3～5% calculogenesis
Ash, the water of the 60-70% of described dreg, chicken manure and quick lime gross weight, mixed fermentation obtains；Or by 65～80% dreg,
17～30% cattle manure or chicken manure, 3～5% quick lime, dreg, cattle manure or chicken manure, the 20 of quick lime gross weight～the Semen arachidis hypogaeae of 30%
Shell, the water of the 60-70% of described dreg, chicken manure or cattle manure, quick lime and Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae gross weight, mixed fermentation obtains.
The production method of described Volvaria volvacea cultivation substrate compositions, comprises the following steps:
1) dreg mechanical activation comminution, goes the removal of impurity；
2) step 1) dreg that obtains and cattle manure or chicken manure, by weight 65～80% dreg, 17～30% cattle manure or chicken
Excrement, 3～5% ratio of quick lime；Or according to 65～80% dreg, 17～30% cattle manure or chicken manure, 3～5% quick lime, bacterium
The ratio of the Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae of slag, cattle manure or chicken manure, the 20 of quick lime gross weight～30%；Fully mixing,
3) adding water, the weight adding water is step 2) described dreg, chicken manure and the 60-70% of quick lime gross weight；
4) mixing after fermentation 3-6 days, middle turning 1-3 time.
Step 1) described dreg is Pleurotus eryngii dreg or needle mushroom dreg, or the mixture of the two.Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing, Pleurotus eryngii bacterium
Slag comes from the residue after batch production Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing or Pleurotus eryngii production, and these dregs are outwelled generally as garbage.These bacterium
Slag, rich in nutrient substance such as organic matter, carbon, nitrogen, can recycle as the cultivation matrix of straw mushroom residue.Dreg itself is very thin, broken
Just, other mechanical activation comminution are no longer used.
Described impurity includes plastic bag etc..Batch production dreg other impurity typically no.
Chicken manure after fermentation can be bought, and on market, the fertile manufacturer of most fermentations can buy.Chicken manure can also be used
Prepared by self-fermentation, chicken manure typically ferments about one week, and the method for chicken manure fermenting can use prior art, described as follows side
Method:
(1) leaven is mixed thoroughly.1～1.5 ton of dried poultrymanure (about 2.5～3.5 tons of freshly-slaughtered poultry excrement) adds one kilogram of chicken manure organic fertilizer life
Thing leaven, the leaven of per kilogram averagely adds 5～10 kilograms of Testa oryzaes or Semen Maydis, wheat bran, is sprinkled into and is ready for after stirring
Chicken manure in, best results.Following dispensing can also be used: powder of straw is (corn stalk, wheat straw, beanstalk, seedling of Semen arachidis hypogaeae, sweet potato vine, miscellaneous
Grass, TONGKANG etc.) 200 kilograms, 500 kilograms of freshly-slaughtered poultry excrement, Semen Maydis powder 100 kilograms, roughage degradation agent one wrap the+raw ferment agent one of vigor 99
Bag (or the raw ferment agent two of vigor 99 wrap, leaven first mixes with 20 kilograms in Semen Maydis powder, it is simple to mix homogeneously with Fructus Anisi Stellati),
Fermentation can be promoted with brown sugar or white sugar 1 kilogram, whole mix homogeneously will be expected.(2) adjustment carbon-nitrogen ratio.The carbon-nitrogen ratio of fermentation poultry dung should
Being maintained at 25～30:1, acid-base value is transferred to 6～8 (ph) and is advisable, and because the carbon-nitrogen ratio of chicken manure is higher, should add some straw when fermentation
Stalk, Caulis et Folium Oryzae, mushroom residue etc. ferment together.(3) regulation chicken manure moisture.During fermented organic fertilizer, whether moisture fits
The most extremely important, water content is maintained at 50～65%, it is judged that method: hand-tight grab a material, webs water breakthrough print but do not drip, fall
Ground can scatter and be advisable.(4) chicken manure builds heap.That can not do when doing chicken manure fermenting heap is the least the shortest, the least can affect fermentation, highly
General at about 1.5 meters, width about 2 meters, length heap ferment effect more than 2～4 meters is preferable.Or put into fermentation vat
In, or in round, use Polypropylence Sheet good seal, and carrying out anaerobic fermentation, round can be with the cement pit of semi-underground type, it is possible to
With ceramic vessel, or with the heatable adobe sleeping platform (but Polypropylence Sheet to be used is rebasing) of semi-underground type, or with plastic bag, do not intake, top is slightly padded
Height, a little with water-inlet-proof, ferments 20～30 days, and can produce bent fragrance (time is different depending on sky temperature) can use.(5)
Mix ventilation thoroughly.Chicken manure organic fertilizer bio-fermentation agent is oxygen-consuming microorganism, so should strengthen oxygen supply measure during the fermentation, does
To mixing thoroughly, duty is turned over, ventilate and be advisable, and otherwise can affect material fermentation effect because of anaerobic fermentation.(6) fermented.General chicken
After dunghill amasss 48 hours, temperature can rise to 50～60 DEG C, and within the 3rd day, up to more than 65 DEG C, overturning is once at these elevated temperatures, closeer
Seal and ferment, generally, there will be 2～3 high temperature of more than 65 DEG C, overturning 2～3 times during the fermentation
Completing fermentation, the purpose of do so is to allow it fully ferment, and fully kills pathogen therein and worm's ovum, stirs once
Purpose is to allow air enter in a large number, is allowed to again generate heat fermentation once.Within normal about one week, can ferment.
Preferably, step 2) in water content be 63～68wt%, criterion is intuitively: can be agglomerating with holding, and holds with a firm grip
Rear moisture will become drip to go out, and does not dissipates after relieving.
A kind of Volvaria volvacea cultivation method, comprises the following steps:
1) entering the cultivation of production facility tier rack type, in layer frame, Volvaria volvacea cultivation substrate overarches, high 25～35cm, compacting；Often
Square metre with Volvaria volvacea cultivation substrate 8～12 kilograms；Described Volvaria volvacea cultivation substrate, including 65～80% dreg, 17～30% cattle manure
Or chicken manure, 3～5% quick lime, it is weight ratio；It is subsequently adding dreg, chicken manure and quick lime gross weight 60～the water of 70%.
2) inoculation, every square metre with cultigen 1.0～1.4 kilograms；
3) earthing 1～2cm；Shelter from heat or light；
4) sending out bacterium, a bacterium time is 5～10 days, holding temperature 28～35 DEG C, and humidity more than 85% controls with blower fan cascade
Temperature humidity and oxygen；
5) budding, holding temperature 32～35 DEG C, humidity more than 85%, control temperature humidity and oxygen with blower fan cascade；
6) fruiting:
7) timely temperature humidity water management after fruiting, then fruiting 3～5 tide,
8) straw mushroom residue, again feeding are removed.
Preferably, step 1) in production facility take heat preservation ventilating measure.Described heat preservation ventilating measure includes but does not limits
In: air conditioner, ventilating duct and air vent etc..Production facility canopy body structure is steel skeleton covering and heat insulating Rotating fields, and heat-insulation layer is interior
Outer plastic foil adds moderate soak foam and constitutes, and canopy peripheral hardware intelligent temperature control equipment sets air conditioner and Special ventilating duct and ventilation in canopy
Hole, in canopy, ground is cement flooring, is provided with totally four layers of layer frame, and two row's ventilation shafts can meet the oxygen supply need of three row layer frame fruiting
Ask.
Step 3) in earthing 1～2cm；Shelter from heat or light with black plastic film；
Step 4) described in send out the bacterium time be 7～10 days.
Step 6) in Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． parachute-opening display Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． ripe, at this moment pluck and affect Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． mouthfeel and perception, therefore, Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． shape
Pluck before parachute-opening after one-tenth.Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． growth promoter quickly, will be gathered twice, prevent parachute-opening from affecting quality every day.
Step 7) in temperature humidity water management in time after fruiting, temperature is 32～35 DEG C, and humidity is 80～95%.
Humidity described herein is relative humidity.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The present invention makes full use of the agricultural wastes such as Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing, the dreg of Pleurotus eryngii and chicken manure as cultivation matrix, utilization
The biological heat that these substrate fermentations produce, the no longer fuel such as electricity consumption or coal as thermal source, reduces energy consumption, saves production cost,
Make anti-season supply inexpensive fresh Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． to become a reality.If, with fuel such as electricity or coals as thermal source, production cost will
Can not be acceptable to the market.One cultivated area 500m2Mushroom shed, coal-fired cost 500 yuan/day, 30 days production cycle, can save
Save coal-fired cost 15000 yuan.Using our formula, formula is simple, it is simple to mushroom agriculture is grasped, various substrate phase interactions in formula
With, both supplying the various nutrient substance needed for Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． growth, the biological heat of generation or the energy of high-quality, without external heat
In the case of be able to continuously meet the temperature required for Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． growth promoter, certainly, also need to aeration-cooling when temperature is too high,
Temperature controls uncomplicated.
Make full use of Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing, the dreg of Pleurotus eryngii and the biological heat of chicken manure fermenting generation and lagging facility control temperature is wet
Degree ventilation is the key of cultivation success, and protection point is invention and the application of this technology.Lagging facility uses insulation effect
Fruit preferably double-layer plastic film adds insulating foam structure, high insulating effect.Biological heat is that the decomposition utilizing microorganism in raw material is made
With generation, microorganism utilize dreg and cattle manure as carbon nitrogen source, ceaselessly by the cellulose in dreg and cattle manure and lignin etc.
Decomposing, release large number of biological heat, these biological heat do not stop release, can meet Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． growth demand.Increased by cascade blower fan
Ventilation, control temperature at 28～35 DEG C, humidity more than 85%.This biological heat will not discharge too fast, and temperature typically will not surpass
Cross 60 DEG C, use cascade blower fan temperature can be controlled in the temperature needed.Ventilating duct and air vent regulate temperature and titanium dioxide
Concentration of carbon；Humidified by artificial spray mode.
By the present invention in that and use novel composite thermal insulation canopy, utilize the biological heat of generation of dreg and chicken manure as main energy sources
And cultivation matrix, under conditions of production cost is relatively low, Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． can be produced at autumn winter-spring season, anti-season supplies fresh mushroom.Gold
The dregs such as pin mushroom, Pleurotus eryngii and chicken manure can serve as the substrate of cultivating straw mushroom, after they are mixed, through microbial action,
Complicated physics and chemistry and biological agent occurring, produces substantial amounts of biological heat energy, under certain facilities protection, temperature can control
Temperature required for Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． growth, after temperature meets, by facilities such as cascade blower fans, can control the condition such as humidity, oxygen.This
Sample, solves the environmental conditions such as the nutrient required for Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． produces, temperature, humidity, and yield reaches 4～6kg/m2, productivity effect
The most considerable.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention will be further described, but is not limited to this.
Embodiment 1:
Utilize the present invention to produce Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer．, use Pleurotus eryngii dreg 75%, cattle manure 20%, the cultivation matrix of quick lime 5%, mix
Even after fermentation 5 days, middle turning 2 times, enter the cultivation of production facility tier rack type, in layer frame, material overarches, and feeding thickness 35cm is often put down
Side's rice feeding 12 kilograms, inoculation, every square metre with cultigen 1.25 kilograms；Soil layer 1～2cm；Shelter from heat or light with black plastic film；Press
Bacterium 29 approved for distribution～32 DEG C, humidity 85%, a bacterium time is 9 days, controls temperature humidity and oxygen with blower fan cascade；Budding, keep
Temperature 32～35 degree, humidity more than 85%, control temperature humidity and oxygen with blower fan cascade；Fruiting 31～34 DEG C of management, humidity
Control about 90%, every square metre of fruiting 5 kilograms, anti-season supply market, 1000 kilograms of fresh mushrooms can be supplied every day.Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． is opened
Umbrella display Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． is ripe, and at this moment plucking affects Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． mouthfeel and perception, therefore, plucks after Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． to be formed before parachute-opening.Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer．
Growth promoter quickly, be gathered twice every day, and preventing and treating parachute-opening affects quality.Timely temperature humidity water management after fruiting, then go out
Mushroom 3～5 tide, then removes straw mushroom residue, again feeding.Disregarding facility depreciation, production cost per kilogram 2.0 yuan is (containing the electricity charge, people
Work, operation etc.), freight charges 2.0 yuan, valency per kilogram 14 yuan of receiving, only this of profit 10000 yuan, annual return is up to more than 3,000,000 every day
Unit.
Embodiment 2
Utilize counter-seas on production Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． of the present invention, use 70% needle mushroom dreg, cattle manure 26%, quick lime 4%, add gold
The Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae of pin mushroom slag, cattle manure and quick lime gross weight 25% is used as cultivation matrix, adds dreg, cattle manure, quick lime and flower
Raw shell gross weight 60～the water of 70%.Mixing after fermentation 4 days, middle turning 2 times, enter the cultivation of production facility tier rack type, layer frame
Interior material overarches, feeding thickness 32cm, every square metre of feeding 12 kilograms, inoculation, and every square metre with cultigen 1.4 kilograms；Earthing 1～
2cm；Shelter from heat or light with black plastic film；It is 7 days the bacterium time according to sending out bacterium 29～32 DEG C, humidity 90%, budding, keep temperature
32～35 degree, humidity more than 85%, control temperature humidity and oxygen with blower fan cascade；Fruiting 31～34 DEG C of management, humid control
About 90%, every square metre of fruiting 6.5 kilograms, timely temperature humidity water management after fruiting, then fruiting 3～5 tide, the most clearly
Except straw mushroom residue, feeding again.Production cost per kilogram 1.8 yuan, sits back and waits that client visits purchase, and per kilogram 8 yuan produces grass every year
In mushroom 4 season, year produces Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． 12000 kilograms, earns a profit more than 70,000 yuan year.
Embodiment 3
Utilize counter-seas on production Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． of the present invention, use 80% Pleurotus eryngii dreg, 17% cattle manure, quick lime 3%；Pleurotus eryngii
Prewet before dreg is added two days, add Pleurotus eryngii dreg weight 60～the water of 70%, before charging, cattle manure is layered on charge level, waters
After get final product feeding, feeding uses artificial loading.Vexed canopy after feeding, due to Pleurotus eryngii dreg, during composting, self heat production is relatively
Many, tier rack type cultivation inlet amount is relatively big in addition, and therefore during vexed canopy, temperature of shed rises quickly, and after 3 days, temperature can rise
To 68 DEG C, keep 24h, afterwards canopy temperature is adjusted to 55 DEG C of simple sweats keeping i.e. completing planting material for 2 days.Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． is planted
Culture method is with embodiment 1, and difference is, prewets charge level prior to seeding, and during sowing, application rate is 3%, the most vexed canopy 2
It opens blower fan when material temperature rises to 39 DEG C, adjusts canopy temperature 33 DEG C, and material temperature maintains 35-37 DEG C, treats that mycelia covers with planting material
Beat fruiting water and strengthen day and night temperature afterwards, utilizing thermal stimulation to make Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． twist together in time.Within 7th day, beat fruiting water in sowing, treat big
Part Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． keeps canopy temperature 31 DEG C after having twisted together, and material temperature maintains 33-35 DEG C.First tide mushroom after rolling, beats fruiting water, by canopy
Temperature rise, to 33 degrees Celsius DEG C, after maintaining 3 days the most near 31 DEG C, i.e. starts the second tide mushroom, and the 3rd tide mushroom management of producing mushroom is similar.Often
It gross profit more than 7000 yuan, year nearly 2,500,000 yuan of gross profit.
Embodiment 4
Utilize the present invention to plant pattern with using, use 75% Pleurotus eryngii dreg, cattle manure 20%, quick lime 5%, add bacterium
Slag, cattle manure and quick lime gross weight 60～the water of 70%, mixing after fermentation 3 days, middle turning 2 times, the compost fermented enters
Entering Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． and produce booth, feeding thickness 30cm, wide 90cm, long 8 meters overarch, and straw mushroom kind inoculated by feeding after completing, every square metre
With cultigen 1.1 kilograms, then earthing 3～4cm；Canopy temperature 35～37 DEG C, bacterium about 7 days, spray fruiting water is kept suitably to ventilate
Stimulating mycelia kink to form small mushroom bud, holding temperature 32～35 DEG C, humidity more than 85%, having beaten fruiting water just has little in about 3 days
Mushroom grows；Fruiting 32～35 DEG C of management, humid control is about 90%；Every square of fruiting 12 jin, 3 yuan per jin, every canopy gross profit
Moisten 10800 yuan.
Embodiment 5
Utilize the present invention to use booth tier rack type cultivating straw mushroom, use needle mushroom dreg 80%, chicken manure 15%, quick lime
5%, mixed fermentation 3 days, ferment compost and enter wide 1 meter on booth, high 45cm, the layer frame of long 10 meters, often 5 layers of layer frame of row,
Total layer frame 30 row, cultivated area 1500 square metres, cultural method, with embodiment 1, is sent out bacterium after compost inoculation and is beaten fruiting water in 8 days
Stronger ventilation amount stimulates kink, and fruiting phase temperature control material temperature is at about 35 DEG C, and space temperature is at about 30 DEG C；Every square metre goes out
8 jin of mushroom, 3 yuan per jin, every canopy gross profit 36000 yuan.
Technique effect contrast table
It should be noted that the present invention can be used for factorial praluction, it is also possible to the self-built canopy of mushroom agriculture is cultivated；Factorial praluction and
It is little that every square of yield gap cultivated by the self-built canopy of mushroom agriculture, but because of batch production and the bigger institute of mushroom agriculture self-built canopy cultivated area gap in order to
Profit gap is bigger.Embodiments of the invention 1 and embodiment 3 are factorial praluction, embodiment 2,4,5 and comparative example be mushroom agriculture from
Build canopy cultivation.
Claims (10)
1. a Volvaria volvacea cultivation substrate, including 65～80% dreg, 17～30% cattle manure or chicken manure, 3～5% quick lime, it is
Weight ratio.
2. Volvaria volvacea cultivation substrate as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described Volvaria volvacea cultivation substrate also includes Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae,
The addition of Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae be dreg, cattle manure or chicken manure, the 20 of quick lime gross weight～30%, weight ratio.
3. Volvaria volvacea cultivation substrate as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described dreg is Pleurotus eryngii dreg or golden mushroom
Slag, or the mixture of the two.
4. a Volvaria volvacea cultivation substrate compositions, by 65～80% dreg, 17～30% cattle manure or chicken manure, 3～5% quick lime,
The water of the 60-70% of described dreg, chicken manure and quick lime gross weight, mixed fermentation obtains；Or by 65～80% dreg, 17～
30% cattle manure or chicken manure, 3～5% quick lime, dreg, cattle manure or the 20 of chicken manure quick lime gross weight～the Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae of 30%, institute
Stating the water of the 60-70% of dreg, chicken manure or cattle manure, quick lime and Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae gross weight, mixed fermentation obtains.
5. the production method of Volvaria volvacea cultivation substrate compositions as claimed in claim 4, comprises the following steps:
1) dreg mechanical activation comminution, goes the removal of impurity；
2) step 1) dreg that obtains and cattle manure or chicken manure, by weight 65～80% Fructus Pruni dreg, 17～30% cattle manure or chicken manure,
3～5% ratio of quick lime；Or according to 65～80% dreg, 17～30% cattle manure or chicken manure, 3～5% quick lime, dreg,
Cattle manure or the 20 of chicken manure quick lime gross weight～the ratio of Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae of 30%；Fully mixing,
3) add water, add water weight be step 2) described dreg, chicken manure and the 60 of quick lime gross weight～70%；
4) mixing after fermentation 3-6 days, middle turning 1-3 time.
6. the production method of Volvaria volvacea cultivation substrate compositions as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that
Step 1) described dreg is Pleurotus eryngii dreg or needle mushroom dreg, or the mixture of the two；Step 2) in water content be 63
～68wt%.
7. a Volvaria volvacea cultivation method, comprises the following steps:
1) entering the cultivation of production facility tier rack type, in layer frame, Volvaria volvacea cultivation substrate overarches, high 25～35cm, compacting；Every square
Rice Volvaria volvacea cultivation substrate 8～12 kilograms；Described Volvaria volvacea cultivation substrate, including 65～80% dreg, 17～30% cattle manure or chicken
Excrement, 3～5% quick lime, it is weight ratio；It is subsequently adding dreg, chicken manure and quick lime gross weight 60～the water of 70%.
2) inoculation, every square metre with cultigen 1.0～1.4 kilograms；
3) sending out bacterium, a bacterium time is 5～10 days, holding temperature 28～35 DEG C, and humidity more than 85% controls temperature with blower fan cascade
Humidity and oxygen；
4) budding, holding temperature 32～35 DEG C, humidity more than 85%, control temperature humidity and oxygen with blower fan cascade；
5) fruiting:
6) timely temperature humidity water management after fruiting, then fruiting 3～5 tide,
7) straw mushroom residue, again feeding are removed.
8. Volvaria volvacea cultivation method as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that step 1) in production facility take heat preservation ventilating
Measure；Described heat preservation ventilating measure includes air conditioner, ventilating duct and air vent；Production facility canopy body structure is that steel skeleton covers guarantor
Temperature Rotating fields, heat-insulation layer is that inside and outside plastic foil adds moderate soak foam composition, canopy peripheral hardware intelligent temperature control equipment, sets air conditioner in canopy
And Special ventilating duct and air vent, in canopy, ground is cement flooring, is provided with totally four layers of layer frame, and two row's ventilation shafts can meet three row
The oxygen supply demand of layer frame fruiting.
9. Volvaria volvacea cultivation method as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that step 3) described in the bacterium time of sending out be 7～10 days.
10. the Volvaria volvacea cultivation method as described in any one of claim 7～9, it is characterised in that step 6) in temperature in time after fruiting
Degree wetness's management, temperature is 32～35 DEG C, and humidity is 80～95%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610801309.XA CN106278663A (en) | 2016-09-05 | 2016-09-05 | A kind of Volvaria volvacea cultivation substrate and utilize dreg garbage produce Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． cultivation technique |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610801309.XA CN106278663A (en) | 2016-09-05 | 2016-09-05 | A kind of Volvaria volvacea cultivation substrate and utilize dreg garbage produce Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． cultivation technique |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106278663A true CN106278663A (en) | 2017-01-04 |
Family
ID=57709661
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610801309.XA Pending CN106278663A (en) | 2016-09-05 | 2016-09-05 | A kind of Volvaria volvacea cultivation substrate and utilize dreg garbage produce Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． cultivation technique |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106278663A (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107619322A (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2018-01-23 | 太湖县金江源农业发展有限公司 | A kind of culture matrix for being exclusively used in cultivating straw mushroom and preparation method thereof |
| CN108668782A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-10-19 | 仁怀市春辉养殖场 | A method of making edible mushroom bacterium bag using chicken manure |
| CN109983986A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-07-09 | 安顺学院 | A kind of novel Volvaria volvacea cultivation material formula |
| CN110352794A (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2019-10-22 | 江苏江南生物科技有限公司 | A kind of feeding base-material and its training method processed of straw mushroom residue training system |
| CN110692435A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-01-17 | 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Straw mushroom cultivation material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112913574A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-06-08 | 佛山市植宝生态科技有限公司 | Straw mushroom self-heating cultivation base material, medium and cultivation method |
| CN113755342A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2021-12-07 | 黑龙江省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Low-temperature-resistant straw fermentation inoculant and preparation method thereof |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103601590A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-02-26 | 湖南国进食用菌开发有限公司 | Culture medium of pleurotus cornucopiae, preparation of culture medium, and culture method of pleurotus cornucopiae |
-
2016
- 2016-09-05 CN CN201610801309.XA patent/CN106278663A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103601590A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-02-26 | 湖南国进食用菌开发有限公司 | Culture medium of pleurotus cornucopiae, preparation of culture medium, and culture method of pleurotus cornucopiae |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107619322A (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2018-01-23 | 太湖县金江源农业发展有限公司 | A kind of culture matrix for being exclusively used in cultivating straw mushroom and preparation method thereof |
| CN110352794A (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2019-10-22 | 江苏江南生物科技有限公司 | A kind of feeding base-material and its training method processed of straw mushroom residue training system |
| CN108668782A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-10-19 | 仁怀市春辉养殖场 | A method of making edible mushroom bacterium bag using chicken manure |
| CN109983986A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-07-09 | 安顺学院 | A kind of novel Volvaria volvacea cultivation material formula |
| CN110692435A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-01-17 | 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Straw mushroom cultivation material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112913574A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-06-08 | 佛山市植宝生态科技有限公司 | Straw mushroom self-heating cultivation base material, medium and cultivation method |
| CN113755342A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2021-12-07 | 黑龙江省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Low-temperature-resistant straw fermentation inoculant and preparation method thereof |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101723759B (en) | Black fungus cultivation method and cultivation material thereof | |
| CN106278663A (en) | A kind of Volvaria volvacea cultivation substrate and utilize dreg garbage produce Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． cultivation technique | |
| CN103918479B (en) | Scale steer ration field waste comprehensive utilization process | |
| CN104813907B (en) | Method for planting dendrobium officinale in greenhouse | |
| CN104094771B (en) | Utilize the method that bagasse, Mulberry bar and Semen Maydis grit produce Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer． | |
| CN103641598B (en) | Podocarpus macrophyllus cultivation medium and preparation method thereof | |
| CN103641600B (en) | Agilawood cultivation medium and preparation method thereof | |
| JPH0283287A (en) | Compost for cultivation of mushroom and mushroom cultivation method | |
| CN104126413B (en) | Utilize manioc waste, mulberry bar and sugarcane top to produce the method for straw mushroom | |
| CN101531551A (en) | Tobacco floating seed rearing culture medium reproduction process | |
| CN106278537A (en) | A kind of method of straw-returning | |
| CN109479671A (en) | A kind of domesticating and cultivating matrix and preparation method thereof improving tuber of pinellia tissue culture shoot survival percent | |
| CN106278460A (en) | The method of needle mushroom dreg factory culture Agaricus bisporus and culture material formula thereof | |
| CN108117447A (en) | A kind of cultivation matrix containing button mushroom dregs and preparation method thereof | |
| CN104041327B (en) | A kind of method utilizing soil cave annually producing drumstick | |
| CN104094772B (en) | Utilize manioc waste, mulberry bar and straw to produce the method for Ji mushroom | |
| CN103804039B (en) | A kind of machine-transplanted rice seedling raising ground substance and production method thereof | |
| CN102807399A (en) | Method for preparing novel organic fertilizer special for fruits and vegetables | |
| CN103044099A (en) | Method for making special novel fertilizer for strawberries | |
| CN103044125A (en) | Green organic crop bacterial manure and method for producing same | |
| CN104488550A (en) | Off-season factory mushroom cultivating method | |
| CN104115670A (en) | Method for producing shiitake mushrooms by mulberry stems, cassava slag and sugarcane leaves | |
| CN101617610B (en) | Method for biologically converting cotton by-products into glossy ganoderma | |
| CN104429610B (en) | A kind of " Jujun grasses-Volvariella volvacea (Bull.Ex Franch.) Singer．-bacterial manure " mutually growth-promoting and method of conversion | |
| CN108293757A (en) | A kind of pueraria lobata implantation methods of the resistance to insect pest of high yield |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20170104 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |