CN103430752B - Seed breeding method of cardamine violifolia - Google Patents
Seed breeding method of cardamine violifolia Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a seed breeding method of cardamine violifolia. The seed breeding method is characterized by comprising the following main steps: a, collecting seeds; b, preparing a seed bed; c, seeding; and d, managing the seed bed. According to the seed breeding method of the cardamine violifolia disclosed by the invention, the cardamine violifolia is germinated 20-30 days earlier, the seed germination rate reaches 90% or more and the seedling rate reaches 95% or more. The seed breeding method disclosed by the invention can be used for enabling the seeds to quickly germinate by breaking through dormancy and to form seedlings according to the biological characteristic of cardamine violifolia seed germination, so that the seed germination rate reaches 90% or more and the seedling rate reaches 95% or more.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of seed seedling-raising method of Cardamine violifolia.
Background technology
Cardamine violifolia Cardamine violifolia O.E.Schulz is Cruciferae Cardamine herbaceos perennial, is the plant that the poly-selenium ability of report is at present stronger.
From the biological action of selenium, compare determine the function of human body is mainly contained at present: anti-oxidant, anti-aging; Strengthen immunity; Ensure the vigor of sperm; Pre-preventing tumor; Participate in the metabolism of hormone; Prevent and treat Keshan disease, Kaschin-Beck disease; Prevention vascular disease are as atherosclerotic; The toxicity etc. of antagonism heavy metal ion.
Selenium is the trace element of needed by human, and inorganic selenium is useful to human body in certain scope, and also there is certain toxicity, organism organic selenium is useful to human body, and toxicity is less simultaneously.Organism organic selenium has the obvious market advantage compared with inorganic selenium.Cardamine violifolia is a kind of super selenium-enriched plant, and Se content reaches 2000mg/kg, has higher value of exploiting and utilizing.Cardamine violifolia is distributed in the shady and cool humid region such as High aititude sylvan life, small stream limit, a plant species group of mean people, distributes narrow, and under nature, seed germination rate is low, again the discovery that is worth of Yin Qifu selenium and manually being excavated by a large amount of, endangered.At present, Cardamine violifolia utilizes main to gather wild resource, and rare artificial cultivation, artificial cultivation seed germination rate is no more than 15%.Therefore study such as the exploitation to the preservation of Hairy Bittercress wild resource and selenium resource such as matrix, illumination, moisture, temperature of the main factor of influence of Cardamine violifolia artificial breeding and all there is profound significance.
Summary of the invention
The object of this patent is to provide a kind of Cardamine violifolia seed seedling-raising method, and simple to operate, cost is low, germination rate and planting percent higher, after planting 7 days sprout, germination rate can reach more than 90%, and seedling after 30 days, planting percent reaches more than 95%.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of seed seedling-raising method of Cardamine violifolia, it is characterized in that comprising following key step: a. gathers seed: the first tenday period of a month in May, to early June, gather Cardamine violifolia Cardamine violifolia O.E.Schulz maturation and plant pod;
B. prepare seedbed: be built into nursery pond with Dinas brickes or cement brick etc., load nutrient solution; Select cave number 277-1111 cave/m
2polystyrene foam cave dish, adopt matrix install cave dish; Described nutrient solution is that every aqueous solution contains four water-calcium nitrate 472mg, potassium nitrate 202mg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100mg, urea 60mg, potassium sulfate 174mg, epsom salt 246mg, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 28mg, sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate 37mg, sodium selenite 100mg;
C. sow: be equipped with on the cave dish of matrix in seedbed by gathering the planting seed preserved;
D. seedbed management: control at 15-22 DEG C by seedbed daily mean temperature after planting, day and night temperature is greater than 10 DEG C, and matrix water-holding capacity controls at 60-90%, and intensity of illumination controls at 500-1000lx, changes one time of nutrition liquid in after planting every 7 days; Described nutrient solution is that every aqueous solution contains four water-calcium nitrate 472mg, potassium nitrate 202mg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100mg, urea 60mg, potassium sulfate 174mg, epsom salt 246mg, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 28mg, sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate 37mg, sodium selenite 100mg; Within after planting 5-7 days, seed can be emerged, and within after emerging 20-25 days, gets final product seedling.
The seed seedling-raising method of a kind of Cardamine violifolia of the present invention, is characterized in that comprising following key step:
A. seed is gathered: the first tenday period of a month in May, to early June, gather Cardamine violifolia Cardamine violifolia O.E.Schulz maturation and plant pod, shady dry below 25 DEG C, threshing, and preserve under being placed in the low temperature of 5 DEG C-10 DEG C;
B. seedbed is prepared: the nursery pond being built into wide 125cm, high 12-20cm, long 300-3000cm with Dinas brickes or cement brick etc., loads the nutrient solution of dark 5-10cm; Select long 60cm, wide 30cm, thick 3-5cm, cave number 277-1111 cave/m
2polystyrene foam cave dish, adopt matrix install cave dish, put into nursery pond, described matrix be peat, leaf mould, wood sawdust and river sand composition; Described nutrient solution is that every aqueous solution contains four water-calcium nitrate 472mg, potassium nitrate 202mg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100mg, urea 60mg, potassium sulfate 174mg, epsom salt 246mg, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 28mg, sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate 37mg, sodium selenite 100mg;
C. sow: be equipped with gathering the planting seed preserved in seedbed on the cave dish of matrix, seeding quantity is 1-2/cave;
D. seedbed management: control at 15-22 DEG C by seedbed daily mean temperature after planting, day and night temperature is greater than 10 DEG C, and matrix water-holding capacity controls at 60-90%, and intensity of illumination controls at 500-1000lx, changes one time of nutrition liquid in after planting every 7 days; Described nutrient solution is that every aqueous solution contains four water-calcium nitrate 472mg, potassium nitrate 202mg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100mg, urea 60mg, potassium sulfate 174mg, epsom salt 246mg, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 28mg, sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate 37mg, sodium selenite 100mg; Within after planting 5-7 days, seed can be emerged, and within after emerging 20-25 days, gets final product seedling.
A kind of method utilizing Cardamine violifolia cultivating seeds seedling of the present invention.Adopt plug media nursery, cave disk hole number is 277-1111 cave/m
2every bunch planting kind 1-2, water content of substrate controls at 60-90%, relative air humidity controls 60-90%, and intensity of illumination controls at 500-1000lx, containing selenium 0.001-0.003% in matrix, temperature controls at 15-22 ° of C, growing-seedling period is 25-30 days, and seed germination rate reaches more than 90%, and planting percent reaches more than 95%.
Cardamine violifolia seedling of the present invention can supply Cardamine violifolia large-scale planting to the needs of seedling, to meet the needs of market to organism organic selenium raw material.
Compared with the prior art, its feature is in the present invention: at present, Cardamine violifolia is mainly to gather wild resource, and rare artificial cultivation, artificial cultivation seed germination rate is no more than 15%.Cardamine violifolia of the present invention is done sth. in advance to sprout for 20-30 days.Seed germination rate of the present invention reaches more than 90%, and planting percent reaches more than 95%.The present invention is according to Cardamine violifolia seed germination biological property, manual simulation is carried out to its illumination of growing environment Main Factors, temperature, moisture content etc., make the quick breaking dormancy rudiment of seed and seedling, seed germination rate reaches more than 90%, and planting percent reaches more than 95%.The present invention can carry out Cardamine violifolia seed seedling-raising in the anniversary, is not subject to seasonal restrictions.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further described.
Embodiment 1: the seed seedling-raising method of a kind of Cardamine violifolia of the present invention, comprise following key step: a. gathers seed: gather Cardamine violifolia Cardamine violifolia O.E.Schulz maturation the first tenday period of a month in May and plant pod, shady dry below 25 DEG C, threshing, and preserve under being placed in the low temperature of 5 DEG C;
B. seedbed is prepared: the nursery pond being built into wide 125cm, high 12cm, long 300cm with Dinas brickes or cement brick etc., loads the nutrient solution of dark 5cm; Select long 60cm, wide 30cm, thick 3cm, cave number 277 caves/m
2polystyrene foam cave dish, adopt matrix install cave dish, put into nursery pond, described matrix be peat, leaf mould, wood sawdust and river sand composition; Described nutrient solution is that every aqueous solution contains four water-calcium nitrate 472mg, potassium nitrate 202mg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100mg, urea 60mg, potassium sulfate 174mg, epsom salt 246mg, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 28mg, sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate 37mg, sodium selenite 100mg;
C. sow: early September to early October is equipped with gathering the planting seed preserved on the cave dish of matrix in seedbed, and seeding quantity is 1/cave;
D. seedbed management: control at 15 DEG C by seedbed daily mean temperature after planting, day and night temperature is greater than 10 DEG C, and matrix water-holding capacity controls at 60-90%, and intensity of illumination controls at 500-1000lx, changes one time of nutrition liquid in after planting every 7 days; Described nutrient solution is that every aqueous solution contains four water-calcium nitrate 472mg, potassium nitrate 202mg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100mg, urea 60mg, potassium sulfate 174mg, epsom salt 246mg, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 28mg, sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate 37mg; Within after planting 5-7 days, seed can be emerged, and within after emerging 20-25 days, gets final product seedling.。
Embodiment 2: the seed seedling-raising method of a kind of Cardamine violifolia of the present invention, comprise following key step: a. gathers seed: early June gathers Cardamine violifolia Cardamine violifolia O.E.Schulz maturation and plants pod, shady dry below 25 DEG C, threshing, and preserve under being placed in the low temperature of 10 DEG C;
B. seedbed is prepared: the nursery pond being built into wide 125cm, high 20cm, long 3000cm with Dinas brickes or cement brick etc., loads the nutrient solution of dark 10cm; Select long 60cm, wide 30cm, thick 5cm, cave number 1111 caves/m
2polystyrene foam cave dish, adopt matrix install cave dish, put into nursery pond, described matrix be peat, leaf mould, wood sawdust and river sand composition; Described nutrient solution is that every aqueous solution contains four water-calcium nitrate 472mg, potassium nitrate 202mg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100mg, urea 60mg, potassium sulfate 174mg, epsom salt 246mg, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 28mg, sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate 37mg, sodium selenite 100mg;
C. sow: early September to early October is equipped with gathering the planting seed preserved on the cave dish of matrix in seedbed, and seeding quantity is 2/cave;
D. seedbed management: control at 15-22 DEG C by seedbed daily mean temperature after planting, day and night temperature is greater than 10 DEG C, and matrix water-holding capacity controls at 60-90%, and intensity of illumination controls at 500-1000lx, changes one time of nutrition liquid in after planting every 7 days; Described nutrient solution is that every aqueous solution contains four water-calcium nitrate 472mg, potassium nitrate 202mg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100mg, urea 60mg, potassium sulfate 174mg, epsom salt 246mg, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 28mg, sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate 37mg; Within after planting 5-7 days, seed can be emerged, and within after emerging 20-25 days, gets final product seedling.
Embodiment 3: the seed seedling-raising method of a kind of Cardamine violifolia of the present invention, comprise following key step: May 5, gather Cardamine violifolia Cardamine violifolia O.E.Schulz maturation and plant pod, less than 25 DEG C shady dry, threshing, and preserve under being placed in the low temperature of 5 DEG C.September 5, the nursery pond of wide 125cm, high 12cm, long 600cm is built into Dinas brickes, load the nutrient solution of dark 5cm, nutrient solution is that every aqueous solution contains four water-calcium nitrate 472mg, potassium nitrate 202mg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100mg, urea 60mg, potassium sulfate 174mg, epsom salt 246mg, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 28mg, sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate 37mg, sodium selenite 100mg.Select long 60cm, wide 30cm, cave number 277 caves/m
2polystyrene foam cave dish, adopt matrix install cave dish, put into nursery pond, matrix is wherein peat, gets the planting seed of Cord blood in the cavities in seedbed, and 1, every cave seed sow 1000, with peat covering, thickness 1cm.Controlled by seedbed day temperature at 25 DEG C, nocturnal temperature controls at 15 DEG C, and matrix water-holding capacity controls 65%, and intensity of illumination controls at 600lx.September 10, seed germination number 963, germination rate is 96.3%.Within after planting every 7 days, change one time of nutrition liquid.Nutrient solution is that every aqueous solution contains four water-calcium nitrate 472mg, potassium nitrate 202mg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100mg, urea 60mg, potassium sulfate 174mg, epsom salt 246mg, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 28mg, sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate 37mg, sodium selenite 100mg.October 5, seedling more than 3 true leaves 924, planting percent 95.95%.
Embodiment 4:
The seed seedling-raising method of a kind of Cardamine violifolia of the present invention, comprises following key step: May 20, and gather Cardamine violifolia Cardamine violifolia O.E.Schulz maturation and plant pod, less than 25 DEG C shady dry, threshing, and preserve under being placed in the low temperature of 8 DEG C.October 5, the nursery pond of wide 125cm, high 20cm, long 600cm is built into cement brick, load the nutrient solution of dark 10cm, nutrient solution is that every aqueous solution contains four water-calcium nitrate 472mg, potassium nitrate 202mg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100mg, urea 60mg, potassium sulfate 174mg, epsom salt 246mg, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 28mg, sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate 37mg, sodium selenite 100mg.Select long 60cm, wide 30cm, cave number 554 caves/m
2polystyrene foam cave dish, adopt matrix install cave dish, put into nursery pond, matrix is wherein leaf mould, gets the planting seed of Cord blood in the cavities in seedbed, 1, every cave seed, with leaf mould cover, thickness 1cm.Controlled by seedbed day temperature at 26 DEG C, nocturnal temperature controls at 14 DEG C, and matrix water-holding capacity controls 80%, and intensity of illumination controls at 800lx.October 10, seed germination number 1895, percentage of seedgermination is 94.75%.Within after planting every 7 days, change one time of nutrition liquid.Nutrient solution is that every aqueous solution contains four water-calcium nitrate 472mg, potassium nitrate 202mg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100mg, urea 60mg, potassium sulfate 174mg, epsom salt 246mg, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 28mg, sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate 37mg, sodium selenite 100mg.October 30, seedling more than 3 true leaves 1863, planting percent is 98.31%.
Embodiment 5:
The seed seedling-raising method of a kind of Cardamine violifolia of the present invention, comprises following key step: June 5, and gather Cardamine violifolia Cardamine violifolia O.E.Schulz maturation and plant pod, less than 25 DEG C shady dry, threshing, and preserve under being placed in the low temperature of 10 DEG C.November 5, the nursery pond of wide 125cm, high 20cm, long 600cm is built into cement brick, load the nutrient solution of dark 10cm, nutrient solution is that every aqueous solution contains four water-calcium nitrate 472mg, potassium nitrate 202mg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100mg, urea 60mg, potassium sulfate 174mg, epsom salt 246mg, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 28mg, sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate 37mg, sodium selenite 100mg.Select long 60cm, wide 30cm, cave number 1111 caves/m
2polystyrene foam cave dish, adopt matrix install cave dish, put into nursery pond, matrix is wherein the mixture of wood sawdust and river sand each 50%, gets the planting seed of Cord blood in the cavities in seedbed, 1, every cave seed, sow 4000, cover with the mixture of wood sawdust and river sand, thickness 1cm.Controlled by seedbed day temperature at 28 DEG C, nocturnal temperature controls at 14 DEG C, and matrix water-holding capacity controls 90%, and intensity of illumination controls at 900lx.November 10, seed germination number 3857, percentage of seedgermination is 96.43%.Within after planting every 7 days, change one time of nutrition liquid.Nutrient solution is that every aqueous solution contains four water-calcium nitrate 472mg, potassium nitrate 202mg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100mg, urea 60mg, potassium sulfate 174mg, epsom salt 246mg, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 28mg, sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate 37mg, sodium selenite 100mg.December 5, seedling more than 3 true leaves 3763, planting percent is 97.56%.
Embodiment 6:
The seed seedling-raising method of a kind of Cardamine violifolia of the present invention, comprise following key step: gather seed: gathered Cardamine violifolia Cardamine violifolia O.E.Schulz maturation on May 30 and plant pod, shady dry below 25 DEG C, threshing, and preserve under being placed in the low temperature of 9 DEG C;
B. seedbed is prepared: the nursery pond being built into wide 125cm, high 18cm, long 2500cm with Dinas brickes or cement brick etc., loads the nutrient solution of dark 9cm; Select long 60cm, wide 30cm, thick 4.5cm, cave number 988 caves/m
2polystyrene foam cave dish, adopt matrix install cave dish, put into nursery pond, described matrix be peat, leaf mould, wood sawdust and river sand composition; Described nutrient solution is that every aqueous solution contains four water-calcium nitrate 472mg, potassium nitrate 202mg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100mg, urea 60mg, potassium sulfate 174mg, epsom salt 246mg, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 28mg, sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate 37mg, sodium selenite 100mg;
C. sow: early October is equipped with gathering the planting seed preserved on the cave dish of matrix in seedbed, and seeding quantity is 2/cave;
D. seedbed management: control at 18 DEG C by seedbed daily mean temperature after planting, day and night temperature is greater than 10 DEG C, and matrix water-holding capacity controls 80%, and intensity of illumination controls at 1000lx, changes one time of nutrition liquid in after planting every 7 days; Described nutrient solution is that every aqueous solution contains four water-calcium nitrate 472mg, potassium nitrate 202mg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100mg, urea 60mg, potassium sulfate 174mg, epsom salt 246mg, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 28mg, sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate 37mg, sodium selenite 100mg; Within after planting 5-7 days, seed can be emerged, and within after emerging 20-25 days, gets final product seedling.
Claims (2)
1. a seed seedling-raising method for Cardamine violifolia, is characterized in that comprising following key step: a. gathers seed: the first tenday period of a month in May, to early June, gather Cardamine violifolia Cardamine violifolia O.E.Schulz maturation and plant pod;
B. prepare seedbed: be built into nursery pond with Dinas brickes or cement brick, load nutrient solution; Select cave number 277-1111 cave/m
2polystyrene foam cave dish, adopt matrix install cave dish; Described nutrient solution is that every aqueous solution contains four water-calcium nitrate 472mg, potassium nitrate 202mg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100mg, urea 60mg, potassium sulfate 174mg, epsom salt 246mg, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 28mg, sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate 37mg, sodium selenite 100mg;
C. sow: be equipped with on the cave dish of matrix in seedbed by gathering the planting seed preserved;
D. seedbed management: control at 15-22 DEG C by seedbed daily mean temperature after planting, day and night temperature is greater than 10 DEG C, and matrix water-holding capacity controls at 60-90%, and intensity of illumination controls at 500-1000lx, changes one time of nutrition liquid in after planting every 7 days; Described nutrient solution is that every aqueous solution contains four water-calcium nitrate 472mg, potassium nitrate 202mg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100mg, urea 60mg, potassium sulfate 174mg, epsom salt 246mg, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 28mg, sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate 37mg, sodium selenite 100mg; Within after planting 5-7 days, seed can be emerged, and within after emerging 20-25 days, gets final product seedling.
2. according to the seed seedling-raising method of a kind of Cardamine violifolia according to claim 1, it is characterized in that comprising following key step: a. gathers seed: the first tenday period of a month in May are to early June, gather Cardamine violifolia Cardamineviolifolia O.E.Schulz maturation and plant pod, shady dry below 25 DEG C, threshing, and preserve under being placed in the low temperature of 5 DEG C-10 DEG C;
B. seedbed is prepared: the nursery pond being built into wide 125cm, high 12-20cm, long 300-3000cm with Dinas brickes or cement brick, loads the nutrient solution of dark 5-10cm; Select long 60cm, wide 30cm, thick 3-5cm, cave number 277-1111 cave/m
2polystyrene foam cave dish, adopt matrix install cave dish, put into nursery pond, described matrix be peat, leaf mould, wood sawdust and river sand composition; Described nutrient solution is that every aqueous solution contains four water-calcium nitrate 472mg, potassium nitrate 202mg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100mg, urea 60mg, potassium sulfate 174mg, epsom salt 246mg, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 28mg, sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate 37mg, sodium selenite 100mg;
C. sow: be equipped with gathering the planting seed preserved in seedbed on the cave dish of matrix, seeding quantity is 1-2/cave;
D. seedbed management: control at 15-22 DEG C by seedbed daily mean temperature after planting, day and night temperature is greater than 10 DEG C, and matrix water-holding capacity controls at 60-90%, and intensity of illumination controls at 500-1000lx, changes one time of nutrition liquid in after planting every 7 days; Described nutrient solution is that every aqueous solution contains four water-calcium nitrate 472mg, potassium nitrate 202mg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100mg, urea 60mg, potassium sulfate 174mg, epsom salt 246mg, ferrous sulfate heptahydrate 28mg, sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate 37mg, sodium selenite 100mg; Within after planting 5-7 days, seed can be emerged, and within after emerging 20-25 days, gets final product seedling.
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| CN106717995A (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2017-05-31 | 恩施土家族苗族自治州农业科学院 | A kind of method that use selenium-rich nutritive block plants poly- selenium Hairy Bittercress |
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| CN107318428A (en) * | 2017-07-18 | 2017-11-07 | 池州市小池生态农业发展有限公司 | A kind of Hairy Bittercress cultural method |
| CN108401830A (en) * | 2018-02-11 | 2018-08-17 | 安徽省连丰种业有限责任公司 | A kind of cultural method of greenhouse cotton |
| CN112262756A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-01-26 | 恩施德源健康科技发展有限公司 | Selenium-rich cultivation method for cardamine violifolia |
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