CN1033925A - 用新的酶制剂浸泡谷物的方法 - Google Patents

用新的酶制剂浸泡谷物的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1033925A
CN1033925A CN88107907A CN88107907A CN1033925A CN 1033925 A CN1033925 A CN 1033925A CN 88107907 A CN88107907 A CN 88107907A CN 88107907 A CN88107907 A CN 88107907A CN 1033925 A CN1033925 A CN 1033925A
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cored solder
present
soak
enzyme preparation
welding
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CN88107907A
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CN1018518B (zh
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阿伯拉罕·卡林沙
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Alko Oy AB
Dorr Oliver Inc
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Alko Oy AB
Dorr Oliver Inc
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Publication of CN1033925A publication Critical patent/CN1033925A/zh
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12Y—ENZYMES
    • C12Y301/00—Hydrolases acting on ester bonds (3.1)
    • C12Y301/03—Phosphoric monoester hydrolases (3.1.3)
    • C12Y301/03026—4-Phytase (3.1.3.26), i.e. 6-phytase
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
    • A23L5/20—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification
    • A23L5/25—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification using enzymes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L7/00—Cereal-derived products; Malt products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L7/10—Cereal-derived products
    • A23L7/104—Fermentation of farinaceous cereal or cereal material; Addition of enzymes or microorganisms
    • A23L7/107—Addition or treatment with enzymes not combined with fermentation with microorganisms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12Y—ENZYMES
    • C12Y302/00—Hydrolases acting on glycosyl compounds, i.e. glycosylases (3.2)
    • C12Y302/01—Glycosidases, i.e. enzymes hydrolysing O- and S-glycosyl compounds (3.2.1)
    • C12Y302/01004—Cellulase (3.2.1.4), i.e. endo-1,4-beta-glucanase
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12Y—ENZYMES
    • C12Y302/00—Hydrolases acting on glycosyl compounds, i.e. glycosylases (3.2)
    • C12Y302/01—Glycosidases, i.e. enzymes hydrolysing O- and S-glycosyl compounds (3.2.1)
    • C12Y302/01015—Polygalacturonase (3.2.1.15)

Abstract

本发明涉及将玉米或高粱籽粒浸泡在含二氧化 硫温水中的方法。该方法的特征是在一种或多种肌 醇六磷酸钙镁降解酶的酶制剂存在下，将谷物籽粒在 20°～60℃的含二氧化硫的温水中，浸泡12～48小 时，从而去除了浸泡液中所含肌醇六磷酸。将该浸泡 液用于微生物发酵和动物饲料时，不会影响发酵的最 终产物的纯化和动物对各种金属的吸收。本发明的 优点是缩短浸泡时间，提高淀粉回收率，易于浓缩和 利用浸泡液。

Description

本发明属于焊接领域。主要适用于钎焊金属材料的钎焊用料。
现在已被人们广泛的用于铜基和黑色金属焊接的有银焊片，这种焊片由于含有昂贵的银和有毒的镉，而且在使用时又需要添加助焊剂，这不仅污染了被焊接的表面和操作人员的身体健康，而且银焊片还有价格贵和使用不方便等缺点。现在已经生产出无需加助焊剂的焊片与焊条。这类焊片与焊条主要为Cu-Ni-Sn-P系和Cu-Ni-Sn-B系。这两类焊料虽然在焊接时焊接性能上达到了银焊片的水平，但是由于焊料本身含有较高的磷和硼，在焊接时可与铁合金形成脆性相，导致焊接后接头部位强度降低，满足不了实际应用的需要。
目前日本申请了一项钎焊料的专利＜日本公开特许公报昭60-40688＞。在这项专利中所提到焊料的成份为Sn20～30%;Ni3-10%其余为Cu的钎焊料。这种焊料被制成为粉末状态后，才能做为钎焊料，其使用状态是在混有适量空气的炭氢系气体保护下用于钎焊的，由于受到钎焊料的限制，必然给使用时带来许多不方便。由于在这种材料的成份中Ni、Sn含量均较高，使这种钎焊料不可能生产成带材或丝材。
本发明的目的是提供一种能够提高钎焊强度而又无银的，钎焊润湿指数高而使用范围广的具有较低钎焊温度的铜基钎焊料。
由本发明所设计铜基钎焊料的具体化学成份为（重量%）：Ni0.5～2.5%;Sn10～20%;其余为Cu。
为了使钎焊料具有较低的焊接温度，所以本发明在以铜为基的材料中加入了锡元素，根据相图可知，Cu-Sn合金一般是由α铜和ε相所组成，但随着锡含量的增多ε相也增加，使材料本身的韧性降低。当锡含量小于7%时，虽然可以进行机械加工，但材料的熔点高达1020℃以上。当锡含量大于7%而又小于20%时，这种Cu-Sn合金成材率显著下降，成材困难。当Sn含量高于20%后，这种材料就无法加工成材，而只能制成粉状料。因此本发明为了使钎焊料的焊接温度尽量降低，所以将Sn的化学成份含量设定为（重量%）10～20%。由于随着Sn含量的提高，本发明钎焊料的固相线与液相线都有所下降，同时固相线与液相线之间的间距也变小，这样将会提高钎焊料在使用时的流动性，利于钎焊时操作人员的操作。
在本发明钎焊料中金属镍的含量为（重量%）0.5～2.5%。为了进一步改善钎焊料的焊接性能，本发明对钎焊料成分中镍的含量加以限制。根据Cu-Ni-Sn相图可知，在室温时该合金是由α+η相所组成，若提高Ni在合金中的含量，则η相的含量也会增加，那么钎焊料是无法制成具有良好韧性的薄带。在钎焊料中加入适量的镍，可以使焊接结合部的晶粒度小于被钎焊材料内部的晶粒度，其原因是焊料的金相组织是由α铜和富锡的ε相组成，而ε相形成的是较粗大的网状结构。ε相的显微硬度为HV＝452，而α相的硬度值为HV＝153。可见ε相比α相的硬度值要高近三倍，而ε相为脆性相，当在合金中加入金属镍后，使粗大网状结构得到改善和控制，其钎焊料ε相的硬度值也由金属镍的加入而显著下降为HV＝222，α相变为HV＝167，使钎焊料内ε相与α相两相硬度差值缩小，这就使得焊接后焊接部位具有较大的韧性。另外镍可以与γ-Fe形成无限固溶体，与Fo具有很强的亲合力，当在钎焊料中加入镍后，使钎焊料各种元素向铁中的扩散溶解能力都有所增强，扩散是沿α-Fe晶介处进行，由于晶介处空位要高于晶粒内部，易于元素的扩散，因此由于钎焊料中镍的加入，使得本发明钎焊料具有很好的流动性和润湿性，焊接强度具有明显的提高。
本发明钎焊料是以铜为基，同时加入了锡和镍，本发明合金的制造方法铸造成棒材或者采用快速冷却法制成具有很高韧性的薄带，其制造方法为：先将各种金属原料按所设定成份配好，再放入高频感应炉的坩埚内，等金属料全部熔化后，再将熔液以106℃/秒快速冷却至室温。
本发明铜基钎焊料与现有技术其它种类钎焊料相比较，具有以下几种特点：
1.本发明钎焊料与现有钎焊料相比较具有钎焊强度高，其钎焊工艺性能见表1，钎焊后的机械阅芗?。
由表1、表2可看出，本发明的钎焊料与其它几种钎焊料相比较，具有更好的综合钎焊性能。
表1    各种钎焊料的工艺性能对比
2.本发明钎焊料具有钎焊温度低，使用范围广，钎焊操作工艺简便
实施例
本发明铜基钎焊料是按上述的成份范围内生产了两个成分的钎焊料，其化学成份范围见表3。
表3 两种成份钎焊料的化学成份（重量%）
          元素序号 Cu Ni Sn
12 7889.1 20.9 2010
将上述成份熔化后，采用106℃/秒的冷却速度将合金制成具有很高韧性的钎焊料薄带。其机械性能检验结果见表4。
表4    两种成分钎焊料的检验结果

Claims (1)

1、一质视糜诤附恿煊虻耐ズ噶希涮卣髟谟谡庵智ズ噶系淖槌墒怯苫С煞菸?重量%)，Ni0.5-2.5%；Sn10～20%；其余为Cu的化学元素所组成。
CN88107907A 1987-11-17 1988-11-14 用新的酶制剂浸泡谷物的方法 Expired CN1018518B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL8702735 1987-11-17
NL8702735A NL8702735A (nl) 1987-11-17 1987-11-17 Werkwijze voor het weken van granen met een nieuw enzympreparaat.

Publications (2)

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CN1033925A true CN1033925A (zh) 1989-07-19
CN1018518B CN1018518B (zh) 1992-10-07

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US (1) US4914029A (zh)
EP (1) EP0321004B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2589560B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR0124792B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1018518B (zh)
AR (1) AR242092A1 (zh)
AT (1) ATE71811T1 (zh)
CA (1) CA1296668C (zh)
DE (1) DE3868032D1 (zh)
ES (1) ES2028263T3 (zh)
FI (1) FI93919C (zh)
MX (1) MX173082B (zh)
NL (1) NL8702735A (zh)
PH (1) PH24663A (zh)
PT (1) PT88316B (zh)
RU (1) RU1829959C (zh)
ZA (1) ZA885074B (zh)

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US4795101A (en) * 1987-05-13 1989-01-03 Genencor, Inc. Use of cellulase in a method of wet milling a starch-containing grain

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NL8702735A (nl) 1989-06-16
FI884046A (fi) 1989-05-18
CN1018518B (zh) 1992-10-07
ATE71811T1 (de) 1992-02-15
DE3868032D1 (de) 1992-03-05
PT88316B (pt) 1993-01-29
JP2589560B2 (ja) 1997-03-12
PT88316A (pt) 1988-09-01
MX26691A (es) 1993-06-01
AR242092A1 (es) 1993-03-31
CA1296668C (en) 1992-03-03
FI93919C (fi) 1995-06-26
RU1829959C (ru) 1993-07-23
KR0124792B1 (ko) 1997-11-27
EP0321004B1 (en) 1992-01-22
PH24663A (en) 1990-09-07
KR890007662A (ko) 1989-07-05
ES2028263T3 (es) 1992-07-01
ZA885074B (en) 1989-03-29
JPH01281048A (ja) 1989-11-13
MX173082B (es) 1994-01-31
FI93919B (fi) 1995-03-15
US4914029A (en) 1990-04-03
EP0321004A1 (en) 1989-06-21
FI884046A0 (fi) 1988-09-01

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