CN103355162A - Breeding method for vineless pumpkins for stocks - Google Patents

Breeding method for vineless pumpkins for stocks Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103355162A
CN103355162A CN2012101015556A CN201210101555A CN103355162A CN 103355162 A CN103355162 A CN 103355162A CN 2012101015556 A CN2012101015556 A CN 2012101015556A CN 201210101555 A CN201210101555 A CN 201210101555A CN 103355162 A CN103355162 A CN 103355162A
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plant
cucumber
pumpkin
grafting
stock
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刘爱群
佟成富
赵丽丽
王国政
赵越
李国强
张赓红
赵聚勇
张家旺
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INSTITUTE OF VEGETABLE LIAONING ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
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INSTITUTE OF VEGETABLE LIAONING ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of cucumber stock breeding in agriculture, and in particular relates to a breeding method of vineless pumpkins for stocks. The breeding method takes vineless pumpkins as female parents and vine pumpkin species as male parents, and comprises the following steps of: hybriding to generate F1; carrying out selfing on F1 so as to generate F2; with F2 as stocks, retaining the growing points for grafting to obtain grafted seedlings with two plant bodies including a pumpkin and a cucumber, and screening the vineless character, the disease resistance and the cucumber wax character of the dual-plant grafted seedlings; then removing the cucumber plants of the selected dual-plant seedlings after screening, retaining the selfing reserved seeds of the pumpkin plants until screening the vineless pumpkins with a stable target character for stocks. The contradiction that cions and stocks cannot be selected at the same time in grafting and breeding is solved by adopting the breeding method provided by the invention; the cions and the stocks form dual-plant seedlings by utilizing a grafting method, and pumpkins and cucumbers grow together on the same plant; in the same generation, not only can stock characters be selected, but also the cucumber quality character can be identified at the same time, thereby shortening the breeding age limit.

Description

A kind of stock selection of non-trailing pumpkin
Technical field
The invention belongs to the cucumber stock breeding technique field in the agricultural, be specifically related to the selection that a kind of stock is used non-trailing pumpkin.
Background technology
The grafting green cucumber culture technique is exactly to utilize the cucurbitaceous plant of the anti-soil-borne diseases such as pumpkin to make stock, does scion with cucumber, utilizes grafting to carry out the culture technique of cucumber production.The advantage of this grafting cultivation, the one,, strengthen resistance against diseases: because cucumber fusarium axysporum belongs to sharp fusarium cucumber specialized form, do not infect pumpkin, so change the root cultivation cucumber fusarium axysporum incidence of disease is dropped to below 10%, not even morbidity; The 2nd, obvious effect of increasing production: the stock well developed root system, the suction fertilizer sucting ability is strong, and strong stress resistance: after the grafting, scion has obtained sufficient moisture and nutrient supply, and growth rate is accelerated, and rice shoot is healthy and strong, and amount of increase in production increases.Test shows, Grafted Cucumber Seedling is than from root cucumber production promoting 30%~50%.The 3rd, strengthen resistance: Grafted Cucumber Seedling, effectively promoted root system development, improved resistance and the adaptability such as cold-resistant, heat-resisting, disease-resistant of root system.
China starts late to the research of cucumber stock seed selection, the depth of investigation is shallow, on the other hand, the more general vegetables seed selection research of cucumber stock seed selection research difficulty is larger, not only to consider merit and disease resistance, the disease tolerance etc. of stock itself, graft compatibility, symbiosis compatibility and the stock that must take into account stock and scion be on impact of scion quality etc., thereby cause the cucumber stock Breeding Progress slow.
The grafting green cucumber overwhelming majority selects pumpkin as stock, comprising black seed pumpkin (Cucurbita ficifolia Bouche), China squash (Cucurbita moschata Duch.) and giant pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima Duch.ex Lam.).Black seed pumpkin is widely used in the grafting green cucumber cultivation because of advantages such as its disease resistance are strong, low temperature resistant, but the increase along with the multiple cropping number of times, its premunition obviously descends, in addition, use the black seed pumpkin Grafted Cucumber Seedling to form the cured bisque of thicker white on the cucumber surface, thereby the cucumber exterior quality is obviously descended, and black seed pumpkin withdraws from cucumber stock market gradually as stock.
The special-purpose stock of cucumber of introducing along with Japan is in application and the popularization of China, and China squash type stock is strong because of its premunition, can remove the cucumber cured powder in surface after, the grafting less on the cucumber quality impact and the advantages such as sugar-preserved gourd is glossy are applied in China rapidly.But compare with other cucurbitaceous plant; China squash and grafting green cucumber compatibility and symbiosis compatibility are all relatively poor; the local pumpkin resource of collecting is difficult to directly use as stock; so; how to improve the compatibility of China squash and cucumber scion, reduce stock to the impact of cucumber quality, use with selecting suitable northern China protection; can remove the stock variety of the cured powder in cucumber surface, just become difficult point and the emphasis of cucumber stock seed selection.
Cucurbitaceous plant mostly is and overgrows, pumpkin especially, and because its plant growing way is strong, blade is large, no matter is seed production or pumpkin production, and floor space is larger, and waste soil phenomenon is comparatively serious.And little because of its standing area without climing type China squash, planting density can reach 3 times of trailing pumpkin are arranged, and have precocity, the advantages such as training, simple and convenient management need not to keep down the vines of a creeping plant.In the last few years, become the focus of pumpkin breeding without climing or short trailing pumpkin research.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the problems referred to above the selection of a kind of stock with non-trailing pumpkin is provided.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of stock selection of non-trailing pumpkin,
1) take non-trailing pumpkin as maternal, climing property pumpkin variety is that male parent is hybridized generation F 1, F 1Selfing produces F 2
2) with above-mentioned F 1The F of selfing gained 2Adopt insertion method to carry out grafting as stock, had simultaneously two plant seedlings of pumpkin and two plant bodies of cucumber, two plant graftings are carried out the disease resistance screening;
3) above-mentioned pair of plant seedling goes cured powder quality trait to identify at scion cucumber commodity melon picking time, then above-mentioned two plant seedlings are removed cucumber plant, keep the selfing of pumpkin plant and reserve seed for planting, then repeating step 2), 3) until select the stable stock non-trailing pumpkin of objective trait.
Described maternal non-trailing pumpkin is " without climing No. four "; The climing property of male parent pumpkin variety is cucumber stock " fiery phoenix ".
Described step 2) adopts insertion method, stock keeps the growing point grafting, behind the grafting survival, select to have simultaneously two plant graftings of pumpkin and two plant bodies of cucumber, this pair plant grafting is colonizated in cucumber fusarium axysporum plot occurred frequently, carries out without character screenings such as climing proterties, the cured powder of disease resistance and removal cucumber surface.
Select to have simultaneously two plant graftings of pumpkin and two plant bodies of cucumber, before the half a buck size, carry out the selection first time in grafting scion rough leaf length, as the select target proterties, select to keep the larger grafting of true leaf with scion true leaf growth size, eliminate other graftings; Carrying out the second time behind the broken heart of second true leaf selects, with scion true leaf size and robust plant degree as the select target proterties, selection reservation true leaf is large, the grafting of robust plant, eliminating other graftings, will be the two plant seedlings that have simultaneously pumpkin and two plant bodies of cucumber through the grafting after twice selection.
The beneficial effect that the present invention has: adopt selection of the present invention shortening the breeding cycle, solved the contradiction that scion and stock can not be selected simultaneously in the grafting seed selection, because utilizing grafting method, the present invention make scion and stock form two plant seedlings, pumpkin and cucumber grow a plant jointly, in the same generation, not only can select the stock proterties, and can identify simultaneously the cucumber quality proterties, thereby shorten the breeding time limit.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The stock selection of non-trailing pumpkin in the present embodiment, this selection carries out as follows:
1) take " without climing No. four " non-trailing pumpkin as maternal (" without climing No. four " are available from seedling center, Agricultural University Of Shanxi experimental farm), climing property pumpkin variety " fiery phoenix " is male parent, and generation F is hybridized in (the special-purpose stock of cucumber " fiery phoenix " is available from the honest seed in east Co., Ltd) 1, F 1Selfing produces F 2
2) with above-mentioned F 2Adopt insertion method as stock, stock keeps the growing point grafting, behind the grafting survival, carrying out the first time when scion rough leaf length is big or small to half a buck selects, big or small as the select target proterties with the growth of scion true leaf, select to keep the larger grafting of true leaf, eliminate other graftings, selected ratio 20%; Behind the broken heart of second true leaf, carry out selecting second time, as the select target proterties, select to keep that true leaf is large, the grafting of robust plant with scion true leaf size and robust plant degree, be selected in ratio 50%, superseded other graftings.To be the two plant seedlings that have simultaneously pumpkin and two plant bodies of cucumber through the grafting after twice selection.
3) this pair plant grafting is colonizated in cucumber fusarium axysporum plot occurred frequently, carries out without the cured mealiness shape screening in climing proterties, disease resistance and removal cucumber surface.
1. when growing to 4-5 sheet true leaf, the pumpkin plant carries out selecting without climing proterties, eliminate and extracted the two plant seedlings of trailing pumpkin, reservation is carried out next step screening without climing and healthy and strong plant and 2. carry out the cured mealiness shape selection in de-etiolation melon surface when the scion cucumber growth is ripe to the commodity melon, remove two plant seedlings that the cucumber surface has cured powder, keep have simultaneously pumpkin without climing and scion cucumber without the healthy and strong plant of cured powder 3. within whole vegetative period, strictly eliminate and extract the soil-borne disease plant occurs.
To remove cucumber plants through the selected two plant seedlings after the above-mentioned screening, and keep the selfing of pumpkin plant and reserve seed for planting, then repeating step 2), 3) continuous selfing 3-5 generation, until filter out the stable stock non-trailing pumpkin of objective trait.
Be that the plant strain growth gesture is vigorous, well developed root system without climing China squash type without the stable selfing of climing proterties; Grow thickly without climing, have 3-5 main short branch, the plant strain growth subcircular, plant height 50-60 centimetre, 60-70 centimetre of the strain width of cloth, blade have obvious silver color vein class, the oblate type of fruit, the vertical shallow ridges of tool, tender fruit phase fruit light green color, along with gradually flavescence of fruit growth, aging fruit ecru, individual plant is beared fruit 2-3, about 150 of single fruit seed collecting amounts.
The stock of aforementioned stable non-trailing pumpkin inbred line, obviously the master is not climing because of the type pumpkin, internode is extremely short, adopts method of plant propagation with cutting Grafted Cucumber Seedling, and is larger at the solid area of grafting part, thereby make grafting convenient, scion is firm, can greatly improve survival rate, uses non-trailing pumpkin to make stock, longer with the grafting green cucumber optimum period, but in all graftings (table 1) before the phase of 3 leaves.
Table 1: different seedling age stock graftings are on the impact of grafting green cucumber shoot survival percent
Figure BDA0000151505730000031
The stock of aforementioned stable is good with non-trailing pumpkin inbred line and grafting green cucumber compatibility, and graft survival rate is high; The grafting well developed root system, the high resistance cucumber fusarium axysporum; Cucumber yield is high after the grafting, and quality is obviously improved, and removes the cured bisque in cucumber surface fully, makes sugar-preserved gourd glossy, and commodity obviously promotes (table 2).
The different stocks of table 2 are on the impact of grafting green cucumber seedling output and disease resistance
Figure BDA0000151505730000032
Annotate: test the cucumber continuous cropping for many years fusarium wilt fall ill and carry out residential quarter area 6m in the heavier greenhouse 2
Embodiment 2
The stock that utilizes seed selection is hybridized with non-trailing pumpkin and other pumpkin and can be formed supportingly, is directly used in production, is specially:
1) utilize parents' proterties complementary, so that as female parent, climing property pumpkin " Weisheng " (available from Liaoning gardening seedling Co., Ltd) is male parent, prepares F with non-trailing pumpkin (without climing as dominant) with the stock of seed selection 1For crossbreed.
Male parent " Weisheng " is climing type for China squash has, and fruit is oblate, and tender fruit phase pericarp green is with vertical hickie, the orange colour band spot of aging fruit, and the seed yellow-white is about thousand grain weigth 85 grams; Areas of Shenyang sowing at three the end of month, the first female flower appears in the 22-24 joint.
F 1For crossbreed: the plant growing way is vigorous, well developed root system, and without obviously main climing, blade is grown thickly, have 3-5 main brachyplast, blade is dark green, the obvious silvery white vein spot of tool, dark green colour band hickie of tender fruit phase of fruit, the vertical macula lutea of the grayish green colour band of aging fruit, the heavy 0.8-1 kilogram of single melon.
It is good that this crossbreed and grafting green cucumber show as compatibility, and symbiosis power is strong, and graft survival rate is high; Well developed root system, the high resistance cucumber fusarium axysporum; More low temperature resistant; Grafting is compared with the cucumber own-rooted tree, and the plant growing way is strong, not early ageing of later stage; Individual plant band melon ability is strong, the sugar-preserved gourd fast growth, and sugar-preserved gourd is surperficial without cured powder, and light green glossy, commodity and mouthfeel are obviously improved.
F 1For crossbreed grafting cultivation main points:
(1) grafting method is because F 1Grow thickly for the crossbreed plant, internode is extremely short, and the cotyledonary node position is not hollow, and solid area is large, adopts method of plant propagation with cutting grafting with the obvious advantage.
(2) generally do sth. in advance 7-10 days than conventional cultivation the sowing time of definite grafting green cucumber cultivation in method of plant propagation with cutting grafting sowing time, the general stock of method of plant propagation with cutting Grafted Cucumber Seedling is sowed in advance, and the broken heart of rough leaf begins sowing cucumber (stock is sowed 7-8 days approximately in advance) behind the stock seed sprouting.
(3) but in good time the graft stock rough leaf is long to all graftings of the broken heart of three true leaves of monobasic coin-size to the, the scion cotyledon is the grafting optimum period when flattening.
(4) to note temperature, humidity, illumination and ventilating management after the grafting management grafting.Day temperature keeps about 25 ℃ in 1~4 day.At 18-20 ℃ of night, humidity is controlled at more than 95%, and it is stuffy suitably to shelter from heat or light.Under the temperature-resistant prerequisite of assurance, can ventilate gradually after 4 days, reduce gradually and shelter from heat or light the time, can no longer shelter from heat or light after 7 days, substantially survive after 10-12 days, should in time remove the stock lateral bud, other management can be with conventional cucumber seedling-raising.Carrying out rice shoot front 1 week of field planting takes exercise.
Above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, although with reference to example the present invention is had been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can make amendment or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and not breaking away from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. a stock is characterized in that with the selection of non-trailing pumpkin:
1) take non-trailing pumpkin as maternal, climing property pumpkin variety is that male parent is hybridized generation F 1, F 1Selfing produces F 2
2) with above-mentioned F 1The F of selfing gained 2Adopt insertion method to carry out grafting as stock, had simultaneously two plant seedlings of pumpkin and two plant bodies of cucumber, two plant graftings are carried out the disease resistance screening;
3) above-mentioned pair of plant seedling goes cured powder quality trait to identify at scion cucumber commodity melon picking time, then above-mentioned two plant seedlings are removed cucumber plant, keep the selfing of pumpkin plant and reserve seed for planting, then repeating step 2), 3) until select the stable stock non-trailing pumpkin of objective trait.
2. by the selection of stock claimed in claim 1 with non-trailing pumpkin, it is characterized in that: described maternal non-trailing pumpkin is " without climing No. four "; The climing property of male parent pumpkin variety is cucumber stock " fiery phoenix ".
3. by the selection of stock claimed in claim 1 with non-trailing pumpkin, it is characterized in that: described step 2) adopt insertion method, stock keeps the growing point grafting, behind the grafting survival, select to have simultaneously two plant graftings of pumpkin and two plant bodies of cucumber, this pair plant grafting is colonizated in cucumber fusarium axysporum plot occurred frequently, carries out without character screenings such as climing proterties, the cured powder of disease resistance and removal cucumber surface.
4. use the breeding method of non-trailing pumpkin by stock claimed in claim 3 by claim, it is characterized in that: two plant graftings of selecting to have simultaneously pumpkin and two plant bodies of cucumber, before the half a buck size, carry out the selection first time in grafting scion rough leaf length, big or small as the select target proterties with the growth of scion true leaf, select to keep the larger grafting of true leaf, eliminate other graftings; Carrying out the second time behind the broken heart of second true leaf selects, with scion true leaf size and robust plant degree as the select target proterties, selection reservation true leaf is large, the grafting of robust plant, eliminating other graftings, will be the two plant seedlings that have simultaneously pumpkin and two plant bodies of cucumber through the grafting after twice selection.
CN2012101015556A 2012-04-09 2012-04-09 Breeding method for vineless pumpkins for stocks Pending CN103355162A (en)

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Cited By (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103688848A (en) * 2013-12-16 2014-04-02 青岛金妈妈农业科技有限公司 Three-way cross hybrid breeding method of cucumber root stock
CN106171961A (en) * 2016-07-25 2016-12-07 安徽荃银高科瓜菜种子有限公司 Selection and application without climing honey this type Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae
CN106852247A (en) * 2016-07-25 2017-06-16 江苏省农业科学院蔬菜研究所 A kind of implantation methods of the blue or green series cucumber marketing quality in raising Shen
CN107114234A (en) * 2017-05-23 2017-09-01 青岛金妈妈农业科技有限公司 A kind of screening technique of glossy type disease-resistant anvil pumpkin material
CN108849477A (en) * 2018-07-13 2018-11-23 安徽荃银高科瓜菜种子有限公司 High-quality selection and application without climing seed with musky gourd kind
CN111108933A (en) * 2019-12-09 2020-05-08 上海曹野农业发展有限公司 Cultivation method of ornamental pumpkin complex

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103688848A (en) * 2013-12-16 2014-04-02 青岛金妈妈农业科技有限公司 Three-way cross hybrid breeding method of cucumber root stock
CN103688848B (en) * 2013-12-16 2016-08-17 青岛金妈妈农业科技有限公司 A kind of triple hybrid selection of cucumber stock
CN106171961A (en) * 2016-07-25 2016-12-07 安徽荃银高科瓜菜种子有限公司 Selection and application without climing honey this type Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae
CN106852247A (en) * 2016-07-25 2017-06-16 江苏省农业科学院蔬菜研究所 A kind of implantation methods of the blue or green series cucumber marketing quality in raising Shen
CN106171961B (en) * 2016-07-25 2018-06-15 安徽荃银高科瓜菜种子有限公司 Selection and application without climing sweet this type pumpkin
CN107114234A (en) * 2017-05-23 2017-09-01 青岛金妈妈农业科技有限公司 A kind of screening technique of glossy type disease-resistant anvil pumpkin material
CN108849477A (en) * 2018-07-13 2018-11-23 安徽荃银高科瓜菜种子有限公司 High-quality selection and application without climing seed with musky gourd kind
CN111108933A (en) * 2019-12-09 2020-05-08 上海曹野农业发展有限公司 Cultivation method of ornamental pumpkin complex

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Application publication date: 20131023