CN103385073A - Pepper overwintering cultivation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a pepper overwintering cultivation method, comprising the following steps of (1) variety selection: a big-fruit variety which is resistant to low temperature and weak light, easy to bear fruits, thick in fruit thickness, big in size, glossy, good in quality, high in yield, strong in disease resistance and adaptive to solar greenhouse cultivation is selected; (2) sowing and seedling raising: in a solar greenhouse with excellent thermal insulation property, sowing is generally carried out from late July to early August, field planting is carried out in middle and late September, and the seedling stage is about 45 days; (3) field planting: 10000kg of organic fertilizer which is thoroughly decomposed, 100kg of superphosphate and 30kg of potassium sulphate are fertilized in every 667 square meters; (4) harvesting: when fruits are full and large, and the peel color of the fruits gradually darkens, harvesting is carried out when the fruit peels are hard and glossy, and the fruit stems are cut off by scissors during harvesting. The pepper overwintering cultivation method is high-temperature-resistant, virus-resistant, strong in growth vigor, centralized in fruiting, and capable of fruiting a pepper variety with big fruits, thick pulp and more frigostabile property and increasing yield, the commodity grade can be improved, disease prevention is facilitated, the continuous selling of products is facilitated, the flower, fruit and leaf dropping of pepper is avoided, and the local economic benefit is greatly improved.

Description

A kind of method of capsicum overwintering cultivation

Technical field

The present invention relates to the cultivation method of a kind of capsicum, especially a kind of method of capsicum overwintering cultivation.

Background technology

Capsicum, also claim kind peppery, the peppery or green pepper eggplant in sea, in originating in, Nan Meizhou, stem is upright, single leaf alternate, and artificial cultivation is all therophytes, can be divided into cherry green pepper class, circular cone green pepper class, the green pepper class of clustering, long green pepper class, bell pepper class five classes, when trunk diameter growth 8-10 sheet leaf, give birth to first flower, wider than tomato, eggplant to the requirement of temperature, humidity.

(1) characteristic

1, the capsicum main root is undeveloped, and the root amount is few, and root mass is distributed in the topsoil of 10-15 centimetre mostly, and its root system is neither drought-enduring, and is not waterlogging-resistant again.A little less than root regeneration energy force rate tomato, eggplant.Not anti-dense fertilizer.

2, generally when stem grows to 7-15 sheet leaf, the stem end forms bud, with two wooden forks or three wooden fork branch continued growths.In general, though same kind, the plantation in autumn, the number of blade during branching is fewer than the spring, generally at the 8-9 sheet.

3, high temperature and drought brings out the generation of virus disease and spreads, and high temperature and rainy also often has virus disease popular.

4, the fallen flowers of capsicum, shedding and fallen leaves (common name " three fall ") also often easily occur, and this is a major issue on capsicum produces, and is very large to yield effect.The reason more complicated of " three fall ".Early spring fallen flowers be mainly due to low temperature effect the elongation of pollination and pollen tube cause; Soil and air drought are also the reasons that causes fallen flowers; Nitrogenous fertilizer too much or the factors such as deficiency, branches and leaves excessive growth, illumination deficiency directly affect to nourish and grow and cause fallen flowers with the balance of reproductive growth; High temperature and drought causes that the generation of virus disease or high temperature waterlogging caused by excessive rain make that the Root Absorption ability weakens, the plant disorder, also have damage by disease and insect (anthracnose, ring spot, cotton bollworm, noctuid) etc., causes a large amount of " three fall ".

(2) to the requirement of environmental condition

1, temperature: germination period: flattening, true leaf appear from the seed germination to the cotyledon.The germination thermophilic is 25-30 ℃, lower than 15 ℃, is difficult for germinateing; 2. Seedling Stage: be exposed to the first flower from true leaf and budding.Growth of seedling thermophilic 25-30 ℃ on daytime, night temperature 20-25 ℃, soil temperature is 17-22 ℃; 3. yield positive results the phase: from first the flower budding to first the fruit setting be the early flowering season, daytime 20-25 ℃, 16-20 ℃ of night is favourable; 4. work as temperature and surpass 40 ℃, growth almost stops.

2, illumination: ask medium intensity of illumination, 40,000 5 left and right, lux.Undergrowth under the high light direct projection, and sun burn easily occurs.General warm season vegetable, photosynthetic light saturation point, mostly in 50,000 left and right, lux.

3, moisture content: water requirement is not too high, but root mass is undeveloped, does not often keep ground moistening, is difficult to obtain high yield.Capsicum waterflooding a few hours, plant will cause death.

4, soil: high and dry in physical features, draining is good, well-grown in fertile deep soil.General sandy soil, clay also can be cultivated, but should not be planted on the soil of low-lying ponding.Avoid and the solanaceous crops continuous cropping.

5, fertilizer: vegetative period is long, and is strict to the nutritional condition of soil, plants on the soil of medium above fertility, can high yield, and with heavy dressing base manure, successful in early days topdresses.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide that a kind of high temperature resistant, antiviral, growth potential is strong, in result set, thick, the cold-resistant capsicum variety of fruit pork, can increase the method for the capsicum overwintering cultivation of output; The commercial grade that can not only improve, be beneficial to diseases prevention, is beneficial to product and goes on the market continuously, and can avoid fallen flowers, shedding and the fallen leaves of capsicum, greatly improved the local economy benefit.

Technical scheme of the present invention is being:

The method of this capsicum overwintering cultivation consists of following steps:

1. variety adoption: the large fruit kind that should select low temperature resistant, low light tolerance, easily bear fruit, pulp is thick, individual large, glossy, quality better, high yield, disease resistance are strong, adapts to Cultivation in Greenhouse, as Zheng green pepper No. nine, Zheng green pepper ride on Bus No. 11;

2. seeding and seedling raising: in the greenhouse by solar heat of excellent thermal insulation performance, general late July to early August is sowed, and the mid or late September field planting, about 45 days seedling stages; Mid or late December starts to gather, as manages properly, can gather autumn in next year always.Every 667 square metres of sowing quantities 75 gram left and right;

3. field planting: every 667 square metres apply 10000 kilograms of decomposed manures, superphosphate double centner, 30 kilograms of potassium sulphates.Ground will flatten, and deep ploughing is rake carefully, in front 10 days button upper greenhouses of field planting, the vexed canopy of high temperature; Take raised bed cultivate, press 65～70 centimetres of wide row spaces, 40～45 centimetres of setting-out ridgings of little line-spacing, ridge is high 10～15 centimetres, spacing in the rows 35--40 centimetre.In order to secretly filling with under film, the drip irrigation facility of laying with good conditionsi, adopt drip irrigation at covering with plastic film between narrow row;

4. gather: fruit is fully loose, and it is dense that color of the leather turns, and pericarp is hard gathers when glossy, and the application scissors is cut off carpopodium and gathered.

Beneficial effect of the present invention:

This invention is to provide that a kind of high temperature resistant, antiviral, growth potential is strong, in result set, thick, the cold-resistant capsicum variety of fruit pork, can increase the method for the capsicum overwintering cultivation of output; The commercial grade that can not only improve, be beneficial to diseases prevention, is beneficial to product and goes on the market continuously, and can avoid fallen flowers, shedding and the fallen leaves of capsicum, greatly improved the local economy benefit.

Embodiment

Embodiment:

The method of this capsicum overwintering cultivation consists of following steps:

1. variety adoption: should select low temperature resistant, low light tolerance, easily bear fruit, pulp is thick, individual large, glossy,

The large fruit kind that quality better, high yield, disease resistance be strong, adapt to Cultivation in Greenhouse, as Zheng green pepper No. nine, Zheng green pepper ride on Bus No. 11;

2. seeding and seedling raising: in the greenhouse by solar heat of excellent thermal insulation performance, general late July to early August is sowed, and the mid or late September field planting, about 45 days seedling stages; Mid or late December starts to gather, as manages properly, can gather autumn in next year always.Every 667 square metres of sowing quantities 75 gram left and right;

3. field planting: every 667 square metres apply 10000 kilograms of decomposed manures, superphosphate double centner, 30 kilograms of potassium sulphates.Ground will flatten, and deep ploughing is rake carefully, in front 10 days button upper greenhouses of field planting, the vexed canopy of high temperature; Take raised bed cultivate, press 65～70 centimetres of wide row spaces, 40～45 centimetres of setting-out ridgings of little line-spacing, ridge is high 10～15 centimetres, spacing in the rows 35--40 centimetre.In order to secretly filling with under film, the drip irrigation facility of laying with good conditionsi, adopt drip irrigation at covering with plastic film between narrow row;

4. gather: fruit is fully loose, and it is dense that color of the leather turns, and pericarp is hard gathers when glossy, and the application scissors is cut off carpopodium and gathered.

Claims (1)

1. the method for a capsicum overwintering cultivation, its feature consists of following steps:

1. variety adoption: the large fruit kind that should select low temperature resistant, low light tolerance, easily bear fruit, pulp is thick, individual large, glossy, quality better, high yield, disease resistance are strong, adapts to Cultivation in Greenhouse, as Zheng green pepper No. nine, Zheng green pepper ride on Bus No. 11;

2. seeding and seedling raising: in the greenhouse by solar heat of excellent thermal insulation performance, general late July to early August is sowed, and the mid or late September field planting, about 45 days seedling stages; Mid or late December starts to gather, as manages properly, can gather autumn in next year always.Every 667 square metres of sowing quantities 75 gram left and right;

3. field planting: every 667 square metres apply 10000 kilograms of decomposed manures, superphosphate double centner, 30 kilograms of potassium sulphates.Ground will flatten, and deep ploughing is rake carefully, in front 10 days button upper greenhouses of field planting, the vexed canopy of high temperature; Take raised bed cultivate, press 65～70 centimetres of wide row spaces, 40～45 centimetres of setting-out ridgings of little line-spacing, ridge is high 10～15 centimetres, spacing in the rows 35--40 centimetre.In order to secretly filling with under film, the drip irrigation facility of laying with good conditionsi, adopt drip irrigation at covering with plastic film between narrow row;

4. gather: fruit is fully loose, and it is dense that color of the leather turns, and pericarp is hard gathers when glossy, and the application scissors is cut off carpopodium and gathered.