CN103688848A - Three-way cross hybrid breeding method of cucumber root stock - Google Patents
Three-way cross hybrid breeding method of cucumber root stock Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-way cross hybrid breeding method of a cucumber root stock. The method comprises the following steps: 1, breeding parent seeds, wherein a parent A is screened from cucumber root stock hybrids in a selfing manner, and a uniparental propagation selfing line is fixed by a single plant which is low-temperature resistant and strong in growth; the parent B is screened from F1 hybrids of the cucumber root stock in a selfing purification manner; the uniparental propagation selfing line is fixed by a single plant which is full in seed and strong in seedling stage; the parent C is screened from F1 hybrids of the cucumber root stock in a selfing purification manner; the uniparental propagation selfing line is fixed by a single plant which is medium in growth and good in grafting compatibility; 2, preparing a single cross hybrid by taking the parent A as a female parent and the parent B as a male parent; and 3, preparing the three-way cross hybrid by taking the single cross hybrid obtained in the step 2 as a female parent and the parent C as a male parent. The cucumber root stock bred by the method is good in grafting compatibility, tidy in germination, low-temperature resistant, strong in growth, and high in hybrid seed yield, and can resist more than two root diseases, and the parents has the low possibility of loss. Therefore, the defects of the existing variety are overcome.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of crops selection, relate in particular to a kind of triple hybrid selection of cucumber stock.
Background technology
China's cucumber cultivation is brought into use Yunnan black seed squash grafting from the nineties initial stage; ?seed pumpkin belongs to conventional variety and grafting affinity is better, high resistance to wilt good, soil-borne disease, but early spring is when cultivate, shortcoming is that spring cultivation sugar-preserved gourd wax powder increases the weight of, resistant to phytophthora root rot ability, anti-soil-borne disease type is more single.And its advantage of C. Moschata type pumpkin rootstock of introducing to be sugar-preserved gourd commodity after grafting improve greatly, can dispel the cured powder in cucumber sugar-preserved gourd surface, cucumber epidermis is glossy, gloss, but grain plumpness is poor, emerge irregular, but due to the domestic pumpkin resource that can dispel the cured powder in cucumber stock surface, there is a serious shortage in the supply, therefore still by peasant household, extensively adopted.
Intensive along with the universal and Cucumber Greenhouse of " glossy " type cucumber stock; large-scale planting; stock grain plumpness is poor; irregular shortcoming of emerging becomes increasingly conspicuous, and affects the factorial seedling growth of Cucumber Greenhouse, simultaneously because plantation is for many years used; original kind has occurred that resistance against diseases is poor; dead serious phenomenon, the new varieties that market in urgent need updates, but there is following problem in existing cucumber stock:
1. cucumber stock grain plumpness is poor, irregular problem of emerging.
2. the problem of " glossy " type Pumpkin Germplasm scarcity of resources.
3. the poor problem of cucumber stock disease resistance.
Existing cucumber stock kind is all single cross hybrid, is difficult to address the above problem simultaneously.And although triple hybrid selection is just reported as far back as many years ago, but be not applied in the seed selection of cucumber stock kind, immediate is number of patent application: CN95101592.3, a selection for three-generation hybrid cucumber, is maternal with female series 9110G, and inbred line 450 is male parent, preparing female single cross is, with female single cross, be maternal again, inbred line 436 is male parent, preparation triple hybrid middle peasant No. 13.So only need numerous a small amount of female series original seed, producing method for seed is easy, saving of labor, save time, cost is low, seed purity is high, and the middle peasant who is bred as has the multiple diseases such as high scab resistant, fusarium wilt, anti-epidemic disease No. 13, the features such as tolerance to low temperature and weak light is strong, high-quality, high yield are the desirable kinds of Cultivation in Greenhouse.But the breeding work that utilizes this mode directly to solve good cucumber stock is difficult to realize.
Desirable cucumber stock new varieties as northern China cucumber overwintering cultivation, need have grafting affinity good, emerge neat, anti-two or more root diseases of holding concurrently, and low temperature resistant, growing way is strong, the feature that hybrid seed yield is high, but existing Cultivars all can not be realized.
Summary of the invention
The present invention, in order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcoming existing in prior art, provides a kind of grafting affinity good, emerges neat, anti-two or more root diseases of holding concurrently, and low temperature resistant, growing way is strong, the triple hybrid selection of the cucumber stock that hybrid seed yield is high.
For achieving the above object, the technology used in the present invention solution is: a kind of triple hybrid selection of cucumber stock, and its step comprises:
One, parental stock seed selection: parent A screens a kind of cucumber stock crossbreed through selfing, selects low temperature resistantly, and the fine individual plant of growing way stalwartness is fixed monosystem and expands numerously, and genetic character shows stable inbred line; Parent B be by a kind of cucumber stock F1 generation crossbreed through selfing purifying screening, select the individual plant of full seed, seedling stage stalwartness to be fixed monosystem and expand numerous inbred line; Parent C screens a kind of cucumber stock F1 generation crossbreed through selfing purifying, select growing way individual plant medium, that grafting affinity is good to be fixed monosystem expansion numerous, and genetic character shows stable inbred line;
Two, single cross hybrid: be maternal by parent A, parent B is that male parent is mixed with single cross hybrid;
Three, triple hybrid: the single cross hybrid that step 2 is obtained is for maternal, and parent C is that male parent is mixed with triple hybrid.
Further, in described step 1, parent A selects cucumber stock crossbreed Marquis through 3 years 5 strict selfing directed screenings of generation, and gained inbred line pumpkin fruit is oblate, pale yellow white skin, and yellowish pink pale yellow, seed is slightly flat; Parent B selects Oyako cucumber stock F1 generation crossbreed through 3 years 5 strict selfing directed screenings of generation, gained inbred line pumpkin fruit yellow green, and circle, pulp is pale yellow; Parent C selects Harukei438 cucumber stock F1 generation crossbreed through 3 years 5 strict selfing directed screenings of generation, gained inbred line fruit type is like cucurbit, and flower skin, precocity, many, the ripe melon skin looks of male flower are yellowish green, and yellowish pink is pale yellow, grafting affinity is good, the anti-damping off of full seed.
Further, in the seed selection of described step 1 parental stock, at open country, arranging 1000 meters, to take interior be isolated area, without other pumpkin varieties, by insect pollination breeding parent sisters, hands over.
Further, in described step 2 and step 3, male parent and maternal planting proportion 1:7～8, maternal emasculation, impurity elimination, between whole pollination period, do not allowed male flower open on female parent, simultaneously, also to extract the female flower on paternal plant, at female flower, bloom noon before that day, with rubber band, tighten petal, prevent second day insect pollination, second day morning, is placed in the male parent male flower of adopting in advance in basket and hides, pollination when maternal female flower is open; During pollination, male parent male flower corolla is peelled off and exposed stamen, on the female chapiter of female parent, touch and wipe gently again, require 1 male flower to award 1～2 female flower, after pollination, by the wrapping of female flower corolla, plant latter 45～50 days of melon pollination, that epidermis gloss moves back is light, wax bisque showed increased, melon handle lignification, just can gather, after-ripening 7～15 days, then cut open melon and get kind, cutd open that the melon kind of getting will be cleaned the same day, air dry the same day, prevented that seed from being drenched and protection against rodents by rainwater.
Further, in step 2 and step 3, production of hybrid seeds space isolates more than 800 meters, in mid-March, grow seedlings, and mid or late April field planting, male parent, than maternal early sowing 7～10 days, meets male parent florescence and maternal female flower; Every mu of density 600～800 strains; Before blooming, according to feature inspections such as parent's stem, leaf, flowers, thoroughly extract hybrid strain, diseased plant, weak plant; The pinching of pumpkin 4-5 sheet true leaf, stays two healthy and strong sons climing, and other lateral bines are all removed, and the climing 6-9 joint of son is visible melon, female flower spacer knobs position 2-4 joint, and every strain stays 3-4 to plant melon, stays the pinching of 5-8 sheet leaf before melon, prevention and elimination of disease and pests in time.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: solved cucumber stock grain plumpness poor, irregular factorial seedling growth of emerging, the problems such as disease resistance type is single, and resistance against diseases is poor, it is good that the cucumber stock of institute's seed selection has grafting affinity, emerge neat, hold concurrently and resist two or more root diseases, low temperature resistant, growing way is strong, the feature that hybrid seed yield is high, and parent should not be run off.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further illustrated.
Fig. 1 is breeding line spectrogram of the present invention.
Embodiment
A triple hybrid selection for cucumber stock, its step comprises:
One, parental stock seed selection: parent A screens a kind of cucumber stock crossbreed through selfing, selects low temperature resistantly, and the fine individual plant of growing way stalwartness is fixed monosystem and expands numerously, and genetic character shows stable inbred line; Parent B be by a kind of cucumber stock F1 generation crossbreed through selfing purifying screening, select the individual plant of full seed, seedling stage stalwartness to be fixed monosystem and expand numerous inbred line; Parent C screens a kind of cucumber stock F1 generation crossbreed through selfing purifying, select growing way individual plant medium, that grafting affinity is good to be fixed monosystem expansion numerous, and genetic character shows stable inbred line;
Two, single cross hybrid: be maternal by parent A, parent B is that male parent is mixed with single cross hybrid;
Three, triple hybrid: the single cross hybrid that step 2 is obtained is for maternal, and parent C is that male parent is mixed with triple hybrid.
Further, in described step 1, parent A selects cucumber stock crossbreed Marquis through 3 years 5 strict selfing directed screenings of generation, and gained inbred line pumpkin fruit is oblate, pale yellow white skin, and yellowish pink pale yellow, seed is slightly flat; Parent B selects Oyako cucumber stock F1 generation crossbreed through 3 years 5 strict selfing directed screenings of generation, gained inbred line pumpkin fruit yellow green, and circle, pulp is pale yellow; Parent C selects Harukei438 cucumber stock F1 generation crossbreed through 3 years 5 strict selfing directed screenings of generation, gained inbred line fruit type is like cucurbit, and flower skin, precocity, many, the ripe melon skin looks of male flower are yellowish green, and yellowish pink is pale yellow, grafting affinity is good, the anti-damping off of full seed.
Further, in the seed selection of described step 1 parental stock, at open country, arranging 1000 meters, to take interior be isolated area, without other pumpkin varieties, by insect pollination breeding parent sisters, hands over.
Further, in described step 2 and step 3, male parent and maternal planting proportion 1:7～8, maternal emasculation, impurity elimination, between whole pollination period, do not allowed male flower open on female parent, simultaneously, also to extract the female flower on paternal plant, at female flower, bloom noon before that day, with rubber band, tighten petal, prevent second day insect pollination, second day morning, is placed in the male parent male flower of adopting in advance in basket and hides, pollination when maternal female flower is open; During pollination, male parent male flower corolla is peelled off and exposed stamen, on the female chapiter of female parent, touch and wipe gently again, require 1 male flower to award 1～2 female flower, after pollination, by the wrapping of female flower corolla, plant latter 45～50 days of melon pollination, that epidermis gloss moves back is light, wax bisque showed increased, melon handle lignification, just can gather, after-ripening 7～15 days, then cut open melon and get kind, cutd open that the melon kind of getting will be cleaned the same day, air dry the same day, prevented that seed from being drenched and protection against rodents by rainwater.
Further, in step 2 and step 3, production of hybrid seeds space isolates more than 800 meters, in mid-March, grow seedlings, and mid or late April field planting, male parent, than maternal early sowing 7～10 days, meets male parent florescence and maternal female flower; Every mu of density 600～800 strains; Before blooming, according to feature inspections such as parent's stem, leaf, flowers, thoroughly extract hybrid strain, diseased plant, weak plant; The pinching of pumpkin 4-5 sheet true leaf, stays two healthy and strong sons climing, and other lateral bines are all removed, and the climing 6-9 joint of son is visible melon, female flower spacer knobs position 2-4 joint, and every strain stays 3-4 to plant melon, stays the pinching of 5-8 sheet leaf before melon, prevention and elimination of disease and pests in time.
The invention solves the problem of domestic " glossy " type cucumber stock scarcity of resources at present.
" glossy " type cucumber stock is a kind of novel cucumber stock kind of black seed pumpkin, great Bai seed pumpkin stock of continuing, and compares the effect with remarkable removal cucumber sugar-preserved gourd surface wax powder with traditional cucumber stock black seed pumpkin, great Bai seed.
The resource of existing market " glossy " type cucumber stock extremely lacks, and causes cucumber stock market kind renewal speed slow, so the resource of abundant " glossy " type cucumber stock kind is the key of breeding work.This problem is found in for many years cucumber stock being studied, the conventional single cross hybrid breeding method that adopts, its application type is more single, adopt " triple hybrid " breeding method, do not changing under the prerequisite of existing resource quantity, by different combined methods, enriched material resources and commodity kind application type, as table 1:
table 1: 8 different selection aboundresources contrasts of " glossy type " parent
| Selection | Conventional kind | Single cross hybrid | Triple hybrid |
| Number of combinations | 8 | 56 | 336 |
As can be seen from the above table, adopt triple hybrid breeding method, change parent's combination, obtain different seed sizes, the extensive stock kind application types such as different resistances against diseases, meet peasant household and the demand of factory to different stock types of growing seedlings, the creation being both also as parent material provides new germ plasm resource.
The invention solves cucumber stock single cross hybrid disease resistance type single, the problem that resistance against diseases is poor.
Tradition grafting green cucumber is used and mostly is black seed pumpkin, black seed pumpkin is the local conventional variety of producing in Yunnan, to fusarium wilt high resistance, but along with Planting Years extends, the soil salinization increases the weight of, show the susceptible to other root diseases, cause dead of field serious, although in succession there are some " Xin Tuzuo " great Bai seeds, the substitute species of " fiery phoenix " yellow seed, but also only limit to single cross hybrid type, owing to being with two hybridizations between selfed lines, a parent only possesses the ability of anti-a kind of root diseases, so commodity kind disease resistance type is comparatively single, can not meet peasant household holds concurrently and resists the demand of two or more root diseases types cucumber stock.Adopt the seed selection of " triple hybrid " (A * B) * C method, owing to having merged 3 parents' merit, make commodity kind there is the ability of anti-two or more root diseases of holding concurrently.As table 2:
the disease resistance ability contrast of the different breeding methods of table 2
| Breeding method | Conventional A, B, the C of planting | Single cross hybrid A * B, B * C, A * C | Triple hybrid (A * B) * C |
| Commodity kind result of use | Anti-a kind of root diseases | Anti-2 kinds of root diseases | Anti-two or more root diseases |
Application " triple hybrid " selection, parent is difficult for running off, and hybrid seed yield is high.
Single cross hybrid is in the production of hybrid seeds is produced; what use is all that pure and mild inbred line seed is parent; although male parent is pulled out after the pollination of blooming finishes; but in the whole breeding times such as parent's sowing of hybrid seeding, field planting, pollination, results, being difficult to control parent does not run off; application " triple hybrid " method seed selection cucumber stock; owing to adopting single cross hybrid as female parent; greatly reduce the risk that parent is run off; increase third party and illegally used the difficulty of parent material, thereby effectively protected breeder and promoter's rights and interests.
Because the female parent of " triple hybrid " production of hybrid seeds is single cross hybrid, heterosis, hybrid vigor theory shows, " triple hybrid " production of hybrid seeds can improve 20% compared with single cross hybrid hybrid seed yield, has effectively improved hybrid seed yield, has reduced breeding cost, and field hybrid seed yield is as table 3:
table 3: different producing method for seed yield comparisons
| Producing method for seed | Per mu yield kg | % is increased production in contrast |
| Single cross hybrid CK | 60 | ? |
| Triple hybrid | 80 | +20 |
It is strong that gained triple hybrid has plant growing way, full seed, and cotyledon is loose, dark green, fast growth.Master is climing all can tie melon, the first female flower joint position 9-12 joint, female flower spacer knobs position 3-4 joint, the oblate type of melon, business's melon colors green band linear decorative pattern, old melon color brown, yellowish pink pale yellow, the heavy 3-4kg of single melon, high resistance to wilt good and climing rot, resistant to phytophthora root rot and damping off; The features such as grafting affinity is high, and low temperature tolerance ability is strong, batch grafting green cucumber cultivation that is applicable to surviving the winter is used.
The above, be only the specific embodiment of the present invention, is not limited to this, is anyly familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that this patent discloses, and can expect easily changing or replacing, within all should being encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a triple hybrid selection for cucumber stock, is characterized in that, step comprises:
One, parental stock seed selection: parent A screens a kind of cucumber stock crossbreed through selfing, selects low temperature resistantly, and the fine individual plant of growing way stalwartness is fixed monosystem and expands numerously, and genetic character shows stable inbred line; Parent B be by a kind of cucumber stock F1 generation crossbreed through selfing purifying screening, select the individual plant of full seed, seedling stage stalwartness to be fixed monosystem and expand numerous inbred line; Parent C screens a kind of cucumber stock F1 generation crossbreed through selfing purifying, select growing way individual plant medium, that grafting affinity is good to be fixed monosystem expansion numerous, and genetic character shows stable inbred line;
Two, single cross hybrid: be maternal by parent A, parent B is that male parent is mixed with single cross hybrid;
Three, triple hybrid: the single cross hybrid that step 2 is obtained is for maternal, and parent C is that male parent is mixed with triple hybrid.
2. the triple hybrid selection of cucumber stock according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step 1, parent A selects cucumber stock crossbreed Marquis through 3 years 5 strict selfing directed screenings of generation, gained inbred line pumpkin fruit is oblate, pale yellow white skin, yellowish pink pale yellow, seed is slightly flat; Parent B selects Oyako cucumber stock F1 generation crossbreed through 3 years 5 strict selfing directed screenings of generation, gained inbred line pumpkin fruit yellow green, and circle, pulp is pale yellow; Parent C selects Harukei438 cucumber stock F1 generation crossbreed through 3 years 5 strict selfing directed screenings of generation, gained inbred line fruit type is like cucurbit, and flower skin, precocity, many, the ripe melon skin looks of male flower are yellowish green, and yellowish pink is pale yellow, grafting affinity is good, the anti-damping off of full seed.
3. the triple hybrid selection of cucumber stock according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the seed selection of described step 1 parental stock, arrange 1000 meters take interior to be isolated area, without other pumpkin varieties, by insect pollination breeding parent sisters, to hand at open country.
4. the triple hybrid selection of cucumber stock according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step 2 and step 3, male parent and maternal planting proportion 1:7～8, maternal emasculation, impurity elimination, between whole pollination period, on female parent, do not allowed male flower open, simultaneously, also to extract the female flower on paternal plant, at female flower, bloom noon before that day, with rubber band, tighten petal, prevent second day insect pollination, second day morning, is placed in the male parent male flower of adopting in advance in basket and hides, pollination when maternal female flower is open; During pollination, male parent male flower corolla is peelled off and exposed stamen, on the female chapiter of female parent, touch and wipe gently again, require 1 male flower to award 1～2 female flower, after pollination, by the wrapping of female flower corolla, plant latter 45～50 days of melon pollination, that epidermis gloss moves back is light, wax bisque showed increased, melon handle lignification, just can gather, after-ripening 7～15 days, then cut open melon and get kind, cutd open that the melon kind of getting will be cleaned the same day, air dry the same day, prevented that seed from being drenched and protection against rodents by rainwater.
5. the triple hybrid selection of cucumber stock according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step 2 and step 3, production of hybrid seeds space isolates more than 800 meters, in mid-March, grow seedlings, mid or late April field planting, male parent, than maternal early sowing 7～10 days, meets male parent florescence and maternal female flower; Every mu of density 600～800 strains; Before blooming, according to feature inspections such as parent's stem, leaf, flowers, thoroughly extract hybrid strain, diseased plant, weak plant; The pinching of pumpkin 4-5 sheet true leaf, stays two healthy and strong sons climing, and other lateral bines are all removed, and the climing 6-9 joint of son is visible melon, female flower spacer knobs position 2-4 joint, and every strain stays 3-4 to plant melon, stays the pinching of 5-8 sheet leaf before melon, prevention and elimination of disease and pests in time.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106962175A (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2017-07-21 | 湖南省蔬菜研究所 | The method for creating of carpopodium impact resistance and the excellent Pumpkin Germplasm resource of Comprehensive Traits |
| CN114885694A (en) * | 2022-06-07 | 2022-08-12 | 青岛金妈妈农业科技有限公司 | Method for obtaining root rot resistant cucumber stock material seeds |
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| CN114885694A (en) * | 2022-06-07 | 2022-08-12 | 青岛金妈妈农业科技有限公司 | Method for obtaining root rot resistant cucumber stock material seeds |
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