CN106962175A - The method for creating of carpopodium impact resistance and the excellent Pumpkin Germplasm resource of Comprehensive Traits - Google Patents
The method for creating of carpopodium impact resistance and the excellent Pumpkin Germplasm resource of Comprehensive Traits Download PDFInfo
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- CN106962175A CN106962175A CN201710154313.6A CN201710154313A CN106962175A CN 106962175 A CN106962175 A CN 106962175A CN 201710154313 A CN201710154313 A CN 201710154313A CN 106962175 A CN106962175 A CN 106962175A
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- carpopodium
- impact resistance
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- pumpkin
- comprehensive traits
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides the method for creating of a kind of carpopodium impact resistance and the excellent Pumpkin Germplasm resource of Comprehensive Traits, comprises the following steps：The first step, the pumpkin individual plant that carpopodium impact resistance but Comprehensive Traits are not limited is that pumpkin individual plant maternal and that Comprehensive Traits are excellent but carpopodium is common is paternal hybrid, obtains F1Generation；Second step, F1F is obtained for selfing2Generation, and in F2Carpopodium impact resistance individual plant is chosen in generation to be returned with male parent pumpkin individual plant, is chosen the excellent pumpkin individual plant material sowing of Comprehensive Traits, is obtained BC1F1Generation；3rd step, BC1F1Chosen in through selfing in 3 generations plant after carpopodium impact resistance individual plant elder generation, 1 generation, the interior sisters of system handed over the Comprehensive Traits stable with selfing acquisition in the strain of 1 generation excellent and carpopodium impact resistance Pumpkin Inbred Lines.The present invention obtains carpopodium impact resistance and the excellent Pumpkin Germplasm resource of Comprehensive Traits first, has filled up the market vacancy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to plant genetics and breeding field, and in particular to a kind of carpopodium impact resistance and the excellent pumpkin of Comprehensive Traits
The method for creating of germ plasm resource.
Background technology
Musky gourd (C.moschata.Duchesne, 2n=40) is one of four cultigens of Cucurbita, and its okra fruit is sweet
Agreeable to the taste, old melon is capable of using as feed or coarse cereals, is one of main melon dish of summer and autumn, with extensive nutritive value, medical value
And economic value.China is the main production and consumption big country of pumpkin, current about 400,000 hectares of musky gourd cultivated area, and in lake
Southern Dongting Lake region forms the growing area of national maximum, for ensureing that national pumpkin market supply has played important function.
Musky gourd carpopodium is elongated, and quality is hard, and base portion is expanded in five prismatics, is shown as carpopodium and is protruded from pulp (see Fig. 3),
Easily come off in harvesting and transportation, be the main cause for causing rotten melon.Formulate carpopodium impact resistance pumpkin resource material pair
In alleviating, the rotten melon phenomenon of pumpkin is significant.But this area not yet has to the breeding in terms of pumpkin carpopodium impact resistance at present
Research.
The content of the invention
Therefore, the present invention provides the method for creating of a kind of carpopodium impact resistance and the excellent Pumpkin Germplasm resource of Comprehensive Traits,
Comprise the following steps：
The first step, the pumpkin individual plant that carpopodium impact resistance but Comprehensive Traits are not limited is that maternal and Comprehensive Traits are excellent but carpopodium is general
Logical pumpkin individual plant is paternal hybrid, obtains F1Generation；
Second step, F1F is obtained for selfing2Generation, and in F2Carpopodium impact resistance individual plant is chosen in generation to return with male parent pumpkin individual plant
Hand over, choose the excellent pumpkin individual plant material sowing of Comprehensive Traits, obtain BC1F1Generation；
3rd step, BC1F1Chosen in through selfing in the strain of 3 generations after carpopodium impact resistance individual plant elder generation, 1 generation, the interior sisters of system handed over and 1 generation
Selfing obtains that stable Comprehensive Traits are excellent and carpopodium impact resistance Pumpkin Inbred Lines in strain.
In a kind of specific embodiment, male parent described in the first step and female parent are musky gourd.
It is BC in 3rd step of the invention1F1Objective trait settle out, first carry out the selfing of 3 generations.Although selfing algebraically
More germplasm are purer, but algebraically is then lost time, sunk money too much；The too low then seed properties of selfing algebraically are impure, strain and strain
Between character it is inconsistent.In the 3rd step of the present invention, to avoid germplasm from degenerating, sisters in generation system need to be carried out and handed over.And it is specific
Ground：Through selfing in the strain of 3 generations after elder generation, selfing is best mode in the interior sisters' friendship of 1 generation system and the strain of 1 generation.
Specifically, maternal carpopodium impact resistance pumpkin is that carpopodium is fitted together to pumpkin material, and male parent is that Comprehensive Traits are excellent and carpopodium
Prominent material, the carpopodium type of male parent is the common common carpopodium type of musky gourd.
In a kind of specific embodiment, second step is by F1Planted for plant in crop field for 5 plants, built is cultivated, embroidered certainly
Hand over and obtain F2Generation；By F2In 60 plants of generation, is planted in crop field, is chosen carpopodium impact resistance individual plant and is embroidered and be returned with male parent, chooses 6 plants of synthesis
Character obtains BC close to the material sowing of male parent1F1Generation.
In a kind of specific embodiment, the 3rd step is by BC1F1Each 60 plants of 6 strains of generation are planted in crop field, and choose fruit
Handle impact resistance individual plant flower embroiders selfing, chooses 5 plants of Comprehensive Traits close to the material sowing of male parent, obtains BC1F2；By BC1F2's
Each 60 plants of 5 strains are planted in crop field, are chosen carpopodium impact resistance individual plant flower and are embroidered selfing, choose 4 plants of Comprehensive Traits close to father
This material sowing, obtains BC1F3；By BC1F3Each 60 plants of 4 strains plant in crop field, choose carpopodium impact resistance individual plant flower
Selfing is embroidered, 3 plants of Comprehensive Traits is chosen close to the material sowing of male parent, obtains BC1F4；By BC1F4Each 60 plants of kinds of 3 strains
Plant in crop field, it is that interior sisters hand over to choose carpopodium impact resistance individual plant flower and embroider, and chooses 1 plant of Comprehensive Traits and is received close to the material of male parent
Kind, obtain BC1F5；By BC1F560 plants of 1 strain plant in crop field, and choose carpopodium impact resistance individual plant flower and embroider selfing,
1 plant of Comprehensive Traits is chosen close to the material sowing of male parent, that is, obtains carpopodium ballistic resistant material.
Certainly, the quantity of the plantation in second step and the 3rd step is all not limited only to the data, if but plantation strain number is very few,
Then exist indivedual plant death can influence genetic breeding and colony too it is small influence efficiency of selection limitation, and plantation amount it is excessive when
Clearly greatest waste.
In a kind of specific embodiment, selection carpopodium impact resistance individual plant flower embroiders embedding according to carpopodium before not pollinating
Conjunction state is determined；The Comprehensive Traits include：Quality trait, fruit properties, disease resistance, resistance, maturity and yielding ability.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
1st, the present invention obtains carpopodium impact resistance and the excellent Pumpkin Germplasm resource of Comprehensive Traits first, has filled up market empty
In vain.
2nd, compared with traditional pumpkin resource material selection, by by maternal carpopodium impact resistance pumpkin in the inventive method
Hybridize with male parent Comprehensive Traits excellent material, separate, be returned, separate, selfing and be that interior sisters hand over purifying, by male parent Comprehensive Traits
The favorable genes of excellent pumpkin import maternal impact resistance pumpkin material.
3rd, the present invention carries out the pollination of selectivity using the chimeric degree of carpopodium before blooming and ovary, alleviates workload,
Improve the efficiency of selection of the character.
4th, in addition, being handed over using sisters in 1 generation system during material purifying of the present invention, effectively prevent conventional self-mating system initiative from
Hand over the generation of inbreeding depression phenomenon after 3 generations.
5th, the carpopodium impact resistance pumpkin Comprehensive Traits of seed selection of the present invention are excellent, show as mouthfeel powder sweet tea, disease-resistant resistance by force,
Fruit has preferable commodity.The present invention formulates the excellent carpopodium impact resistance pumpkin material of Comprehensive Traits to meet market needs
Material provides a kind of simple, effective selection.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the selection schematic flow sheet of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that Comprehensive Traits are common, carpopodium impact resistance pumpkin resource material 29-2 (female parent) photo, and wherein Fig. 2 a are outside it
Take into consideration, Fig. 2 b are the chimeric carpopodium photo at its carpopodium.
Fig. 3 is that Comprehensive Traits are excellent, common pumpkin resource material 97-6-5 (male parent) photo of carpopodium.
(Comprehensive Traits are excellent, impact resistance fruit for the excellent pumpkin resource material that Fig. 4 obtains for seed selection in the embodiment of the present invention
Handle) 2997-5-3-3-1-2 (product melon) outward appearance photo.
Fig. 5 is 2997-5-3-3-1-2 (product melon) and 97-6-5 (male parent) carpopodium outward appearances and slice map.Wherein Fig. 5 A are
The carpopodium outward appearance photo of product melon, Fig. 5 B are male parent carpopodium outward appearance photo；Fig. 5 C are the carpopodium rip cutting photo of product melon, and Fig. 5 D are
Male parent carpopodium rip cutting photo；Fig. 5 E are the carpopodium histotomy figure of product melon, and Fig. 5 F are male parent carpopodium histotomy figure.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail by following embodiments, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited in embodiment.
Selfing：Combination from same individual female and male gametophyte, i.e., the combination of the gynoecium and stamen of same plant.
Hybridization：The combination of gynoecium and stamen between the plant of the Seed Development of two different pumpkins.
Sisters hand over：It is different in same strain (plant that many seeds that same pumpkin is produced grow up to belongs to same strain)
The combination of gynoecium and stamen between plant.
Backcrossing：Filial generation (including first filial generation or sub many generations) is hybridized, this side with any one parent in two parents
Method is called backcrossing.
Comprehensive Traits described in the above method include：Quality trait, fruit properties, disease resistance and yielding ability.It is comprehensive
Shape is excellent to refer to fruit soluble solids content more than 9%, mouthfeel powder sweet tea, meat exquisiteness；The long calabash shape of fruit type, fruit are long
40-60cm or so, pulp thickness are more than 2.5cm, and the pericarp of mellow fruit is orange red, by white powder；Seedling stage indoors artificial inoculated identification is white
Powder disease resistance index is less than 45；More than per mu yield 3000kg.
Embodiment 1
The first step, hybridization：The natural mutation plant 29-2 (character common, carpopodium impact resistance) found with Hainan field is mother
This, with the height of Inst. of Vegetables, Hunan Prov.'s seed selection for self-mating system 97-6-5 (character is excellent, carpopodium is common) for male parent, hybridization is obtained
F1Generation.Gained F1Comprehensive Traits and carpopodium impact resistance character for pumpkin are basic between male parent and female parent.F1The phenotype one in generation
Cause.
Second step, selfing and backcrossing：By F1Planted for plant in crop field for 5 plants, built cultivates, embroiders selfing acquisition F2Generation；Will
F2In 60 plants of generation, is planted in crop field, and observation carpopodium is visible when blooming, F2There is trait segregation for plant, select carpopodium impact resistance individual plant to prick
Flower is returned with the common pumpkin individual plant (male parent 97-6-5) of excellent carpopodium, is chosen Comprehensive Traits and is received close to the pumpkin individual plant material of male parent
Kind, obtain BC1F1Generation；
3rd step, selfing three generations, sisters hand over and selfing：By BC1F1Each 60 plants of 6 strains of generation are planted in crop field, select carpopodium to resist
Hit individual plant and embroider selfing, choose 5 plants of Comprehensive Traits close to the pumpkin material sowing of male parent, obtain BC1F2；By BC1F25
Each 60 plants of strain is planted in crop field, selects carpopodium impact resistance individual plant to embroider selfing, chooses 4 plants of Comprehensive Traits close to the pumpkin material of male parent
Expect sowing, obtain BC1F3；By BC1F3Each 60 plants of 4 strains plant in crop field, select carpopodium impact resistance individual plant to embroider selfing, select
Take 3 plants of Comprehensive Traits close to the pumpkin sowing of male parent, obtain BC1F4；By BC1F4Each 60 plants of 3 strains plant in crop field, choosing
It is that interior sisters hand over that carpopodium impact resistance individual plant, which is embroidered, chooses 1 plant of Comprehensive Traits close to the pumpkin material sowing of male parent, obtains BC1F5；
By BC1F560 plants of 1 strain plant in crop field, select carpopodium impact resistance individual plant to embroider selfing, choose Comprehensive Traits close to male parent
Pumpkin material sowing, that is, obtain the excellent carpopodium ballistic resistant material 2997-5-3-3-1-2 (products of stable and consistent, Comprehensive Traits
Melon).
The character excellent carpopodium impact resistance pumpkin material 2997-5-3-3-1-2 obtained by the inventive method seed selection, 2015
Year is saved in Hainan plantation, ripe in showing as, the first female flower section position 22, single long 52cm of melon, fruit width 14cm, pulp thickness 2.8cm, single melon
Weight 4.1kg, soluble solid content is 9.2%.The section of microexamination cell tissue shows that common pumpkin 97-6-5 carpopodiums are really
Meat junction is made up of the transversely arranged cell of multilayer, i.e., the absciss layer tissue separated after fruit maturation with carpopodium；In the property of seed selection
The excellent impact resistance carpopodium pumpkin 2997-5-3-3-1-2 carpopodiums pulp junction of shape does not find absciss layer tissue similar with 97-6-5,
But substituted by substantial amounts of vascular tissue.The pull test that laterally fractures is carried out to pumpkin carpopodium using chest expander, as a result table
Bright 97-6-5 is easy to be pulled off in 3kg power, and carpopodium and the fracture of fruit junction are very big, and pulp is exposed, easily mouldy corruption
It is rotten；And 2997-5-3-3-1-2 carpopodiums are chimeric with melon body combines together, in the presence of 5kg power, only carpopodium epimere fractures, fracture
Face is smaller, and pulp is not exposed.
The carpopodium impact resistance plant that the present invention is had found using field, the plant shows as carpopodium and is embedded in pulp, fruit
Handle is extremely difficult for drop-off, but the Comprehensive Traits such as its pumpkin profile and eating mouth feel are not excellent.The discovery of the carpopodium impact resistance plant
It is excellent and material foundation has been established in initiative of carpopodium impact resistance resource material for Comprehensive Traits of the present invention.
The present invention also using the chimeric degree selection pollination individual plant of carpopodium before blooming and ovary, shortens breeding process, carried
High efficiency of selection.Traditional pedigree seed selection needs inbreeding of more generation, and there is serious germplasm degradation phenomena, it is difficult to select comprehensive
Close the excellent breeding material of character；The present invention is handed over using sisters in backcrossing and generation system, effectively prevent the generation of the phenomenon.Choosing
The impact resistance carpopodium pumpkin material educated, its Comprehensive Traits have reached the level of the common pumpkin material of the excellent carpopodium of character, have been
Pumpkin carpopodium impact resistance and Comprehensive Traits good breeding material initiative provide a kind of simple effective method.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the invention, for the skill of this area
For art personnel, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles of the invention, that is made any repaiies
Change, equivalent substitution, improvement etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (5)
1. the method for creating of a kind of carpopodium impact resistance and the excellent Pumpkin Germplasm resource of Comprehensive Traits, comprises the following steps：
The first step, the pumpkin individual plant that carpopodium impact resistance but Comprehensive Traits are not limited is that maternal and Comprehensive Traits are excellent but carpopodium is common
Pumpkin individual plant is paternal hybrid, obtains F1Generation；
Second step, F1F is obtained for selfing2Generation, and in F2Choose carpopodium impact resistance individual plant in generation to be returned with male parent pumpkin individual plant, choosing
The pumpkin individual plant material sowing that Comprehensive Traits are excellent is taken, BC is obtained1F1Generation；
3rd step, BC1F1Chosen in through selfing in the strain of 3 generations after carpopodium impact resistance individual plant elder generation, 1 generation was that interior sisters hand over and the strain of 1 generation is interior
Selfing obtains that stable Comprehensive Traits are excellent and carpopodium impact resistance Pumpkin Inbred Lines.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Male parent described in the first step and female parent are musky gourd.
3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Second step is by F1Planted for plant in crop field for 5 plants, built is planted
Train, embroider selfing acquisition F2Generation；By F2In 60 plants of generation, is planted in crop field, is chosen carpopodium impact resistance individual plant and is embroidered and be returned with male parent, choosing
Take 6 plants of Comprehensive Traits close to the material sowing of male parent, obtain BC1F1Generation.
4. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：3rd step is by BC1F1Each 60 plants of 6 strains of generation are planted in big
Field, and choose carpopodium impact resistance individual plant flower and embroider selfing, 5 plants of Comprehensive Traits are chosen close to the material sowing of male parent, are obtained
BC1F2；By BC1F2Each 60 plants of 5 strains plant in crop field, choose carpopodium impact resistance individual plant flower and embroider selfing, choose 4 plants
Comprehensive Traits obtain BC close to the material sowing of male parent1F3；By BC1F3Each 60 plants of 4 strains plant in crop field, choose carpopodium
Impact resistance individual plant flower embroiders selfing, chooses 3 plants of Comprehensive Traits close to the material sowing of male parent, obtains BC1F4；By BC1F43
Individual each 60 plants of strain is planted in crop field, and it is that interior sisters hand over to choose carpopodium impact resistance individual plant flower and embroider, and chooses 1 plant of Comprehensive Traits and connects
The material sowing of nearly male parent, obtains BC1F5；By BC1F560 plants of 1 strain plant in crop field, and choose carpopodium impact resistance individual plant
Flower embroiders selfing, chooses 1 plant of Comprehensive Traits close to the material sowing of male parent, that is, obtains carpopodium ballistic resistant material.
5. the method according to any one in Claims 1 to 4, it is characterised in that：Choose carpopodium impact resistance individual plant flower
Embroider and determined according to carpopodium chimerism before not pollinating；The Comprehensive Traits include：Quality trait, fruit properties, disease resistance,
Resistance, maturity and yielding ability.
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| CN109757361A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-05-17 | 湖南省蔬菜研究所 | The method for creating for the pumpkin resource that quality is excellent, long cylindricality and Comprehensive Traits are excellent |
| CN114391473A (en) * | 2022-02-15 | 2022-04-26 | 湖南省蔬菜研究所 | Pumpkin inbred line creation method with white flower mark and excellent comprehensive characters |
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| CN106962175B (en) | 2018-10-26 |
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