CN103688848B - A kind of triple hybrid selection of cucumber stock - Google Patents
A kind of triple hybrid selection of cucumber stock Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses the triple hybrid selection of a kind of cucumber stock, step includes: one, parental stock selection-breeding: parent A is that cucumber stock cenospecies is screened through selfing, selects low temperature resistant, and the individual plant of growing way stalwartness fixes the selfing line of monosystem expanding propagation；Parent B is that cucumber stock F1 generation cenospecies is screened through selfing purification, and the individual plant selecting full seed, seedling stage healthy and strong fixes the selfing line of monosystem expanding propagation；Parent C is that cucumber stock F1 generation cenospecies is screened through selfing purification, selects the individual plant that growing way is medium, grafting affinity is good to be fixed the selfing line of monosystem expanding propagation；Two, being maternal by parent A, parent B is that male parent is configured to the seed of single cross；Three, seed of single cross step 2 obtained is female parent, and parent C is that male parent is configured to triple hybrid.It is good that the cucumber stock of selection-breeding of the present invention has grafting affinity, emerges neat, and two or more root diseases anti-of holding concurrently, low temperature resistant, growing way is strong, and hybrid seed yield is high and parent should not be run off, and overcomes the defect of existing kind.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of crops selection, particularly relate to the triple hybrid selection of a kind of cucumber stock.
Background technology
China's cucumber cultivation begins to use Yunnan black seed squash grafting from the nineties initial stage, seed pumpkin belong to conventional variety and
Grafting affinity is preferable, high resistance to wilt good, soil-borne disease, but when early spring cultivates, shortcoming is that spring cultivation sugar-preserved gourd wax powder increases the weight of,
Resistant to phytophthora root rot ability, anti-soil-borne disease type is more single.And the C.Moschata type pumpkin rootstock introduced it is excellent
Point is that the sugar-preserved gourd commodity after grafting is greatly improved, and can dispel the cured powder in Fructus Cucumidis sativi sugar-preserved gourd surface, and Fructus Cucumidis sativi epidermis is glossy, gloss, but seed
Grain plumpness is poor, emerges irregular, but there is a serious shortage in the supply, therefore due to the domestic Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae resource that can dispel the cured powder in cucumber stock surface
Still widely used by peasant household.
Intensive along with the universal of " glossy " type cucumber stock and Cucumber Greenhouse, implantation in large scale, stock seed
Plumpness is poor, and irregular shortcoming of emerging becomes increasingly conspicuous, and affects the industrial seedling rearing of Cucumber Greenhouse, simultaneously because for many years
Plantation uses, and original kind has occurred that resistance against diseases is poor, dead serious phenomenon, the new varieties that market in urgent need updates,
But existing cucumber stock there is problems in that
1. cucumber stock grain plumpness is poor, irregular problem of emerging.
2. the problem of " glossy " type Pumpkin Germplasm scarcity of resources.
3. the problem of cucumber stock disease resistance difference.
Existing cucumber stock kind is all the seed of single cross, is difficult to solve the problems referred to above simultaneously.Although and triple hybrid selection
Being not applied in the selection-breeding of cucumber stock kind as far back as being the most just reported that, immediate is number of patent application:
CN95101592.3, the selection of a kind of three-generation hybrid cucumber, is maternal with female series 9110G, and selfing line 450 is male parent,
Preparing female single cross system, then be maternal with female single cross system, selfing line 436 is male parent, prepares triple hybrid middle peasant No. 13.So
Only need numerous a small amount of female series original seed, producing method for seed simplicity, saving of labor, save time, low cost, seed purity high, and the middle peasant of incubation
No. 13 have the multiple diseases such as high scab resistant, droop, anti-epidemic disease, the feature such as tolerance to low temperature and weak light is strong, high-quality, high yield,
It it is the preferable kind of Cultivation in Greenhouse.But the breeding work utilizing this mode directly to solve excellent cucumber stock is difficult to.
As the preferable cucumber stock new varieties of northern China Fructus Cucumidis sativi overwintering cultivation, need to have grafting affinity good, emerge
Neatly, two or more root diseases anti-of holding concurrently, low temperature resistant, growing way is strong, the feature that hybrid seed yield is high, but existing Cultivars is the most not
Can realize.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is in order to overcome disadvantages mentioned above present in prior art, it is provided that a kind of grafting affinity is good, emerges neat,
Holding concurrently and resist two or more root diseases, low temperature resistant, growing way is strong, the triple hybrid selection of the cucumber stock that hybrid seed yield is high.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the adopted technical solution is that: the triple hybrid selection-breeding side of a kind of cucumber stock
Method, its step includes:
One, parental stock selection-breeding: parent A is to be screened through selfing by one cucumber stock cenospecies, selects low temperature resistant, growing way stalwartness
Fine individual plant is fixed monosystem expanding propagation, the selfing line that hereditary character performance is stable；Parent B is by one cucumber stock cenospecies
Screening through selfing purification, the individual plant selecting full seed, seedling stage healthy and strong is fixed the selfing line of monosystem expanding propagation；Parent C be by
A kind of cucumber stock cenospecies is screened through selfing purification, selects the individual plant that growing way is medium, grafting affinity is good to be fixed monosystem and expands
Numerous, that hereditary character performance is stable selfing line；
Two, the seed of single cross: be maternal by parent A, parent B is that male parent is configured to the seed of single cross；
Three, triple hybrid: seed of single cross step 2 obtained is female parent, and parent C is that male parent is configured to triple hybrid.
Further, in described step one, parent A selects cucumber stock cenospecies Marquis tight through 3 years 5 generations
Lattice selfing directed screening, gained selfing line pumpkin fruit is oblate, pale yellow Rhizoma Euonymus, and yellowish pink pale yellow, seed is the most flat；Parent B selects
Cucumber stock cenospecies Oyako through 3 years 5 generation strict selfing directed screenings, gained selfing line pumpkin fruit yellow green,
Circle, sarcocarp is pale yellow；Parent C selects cucumber stock cenospecies Harukei438 through 3 years 5 generation strict selfing orientations
Screening, gained selfing line fruit type is like calabash, and flower skin, precocity, male flower melon skin yellow skin many, ripe are green, yellowish pink pale yellow, grafting parent
Good with power, full seed resisting damping-off.
Further, in described step one parental stock selection-breeding, for isolation area within open country arranges 1000 meters, without other
Pumpkin variety, by insect pollination, breeding parent sisters hand over.
Further, in described step 2 and step 3, male parent and maternal planting proportion 1:7～8, maternal emasculation,
Roguing, during whole pollination, female parent is not allow for male flower open, and meanwhile, the female flower on paternal plant to be extractd, female
The flowers are in blossom spends noon before that day, tightens petal with rubber band, prevents second day insect pollination, second day morning, by adopt in advance
Male parent male flower is placed in basket and hides, pollination when maternal female flower is open；During pollination, male parent male flower corolla is peelled off and exposes stamen,
Touch gently on maternal female chapiter again and wipe, it is desirable to 1 male flower awards 1～2 female flower, is wrapped up by female flower corolla after pollination, plants melon
After pollination 45～50 days, epidermis gloss moved back light, wax bisque showed increased, melon handle lignifying, it is possible to gather, after-ripening 7～15
My god, then cut open melon and take kind, the melon kind taken the same day to be cleaned the same day, air dry, prevents seed from being drenched by rainwater and protection against rodents.
Further, in step 2 and step 3, production of hybrid seeds spatial separation more than 800 meters, in nursery mid-March, April
Field planting the middle ten days and the last ten days, male parent, than maternal early sowing 7～10 days, makes the male parent florescence meet with maternal female flower；The strain of every mu of density 600～800；
According to feature inspections such as parent's stem, leaf, flowers before blooming, thoroughly extract hybrid strain, diseased plant, weak plant；Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae 4-5 sheet true leaf pinching,
Staying two healthy and strong sons climing, other lateral bines are all removed, and the most visible melon of son climing 6-9 joint, female flower spacer knobs position 2-4 saves, every strain
Stay 3-4 to plant melon, before melon, stay 5-8 sheet leaf pinching, timely prevention and elimination of disease and pests.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: solve cucumber stock grain plumpness poor, irregular industrial seedling rearing of emerging,
The problems such as disease resistance type is single, resistance against diseases difference, it is good that the cucumber stock of institute's selection-breeding has grafting affinity, emerges neat,
Holding concurrently and resist two or more root diseases, low temperature resistant, growing way is strong, the feature that hybrid seed yield is high, and parent should not be run off.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The present invention is further illustrated with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the breeding line spectrogram of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
A kind of triple hybrid selection of cucumber stock, its step includes:
One, parental stock selection-breeding: parent A is to be screened through selfing by one cucumber stock cenospecies, selects low temperature resistant, growing way stalwartness
Fine individual plant is fixed monosystem expanding propagation, the selfing line that hereditary character performance is stable；Parent B is by one cucumber stock cenospecies
Screening through selfing purification, the individual plant selecting full seed, seedling stage healthy and strong is fixed the selfing line of monosystem expanding propagation；Parent C be by
A kind of cucumber stock cenospecies is screened through selfing purification, selects the individual plant that growing way is medium, grafting affinity is good to be fixed monosystem and expands
Numerous, that hereditary character performance is stable selfing line；
Two, the seed of single cross: be maternal by parent A, parent B is that male parent is configured to the seed of single cross；
Three, triple hybrid: seed of single cross step 2 obtained is female parent, and parent C is that male parent is configured to triple hybrid.
Further, in described step one, parent A selects cucumber stock cenospecies Marquis tight through 3 years 5 generations
Lattice selfing directed screening, gained selfing line pumpkin fruit is oblate, pale yellow Rhizoma Euonymus, and yellowish pink pale yellow, seed is the most flat；Parent B selects
Cucumber stock cenospecies Oyako through 3 years 5 generation strict selfing directed screenings, gained selfing line pumpkin fruit yellow green,
Circle, sarcocarp is pale yellow；Parent C selects cucumber stock cenospecies Harukei438 through 3 years 5 generation strict selfing orientations
Screening, gained selfing line fruit type is like calabash, and flower skin, precocity, male flower melon skin yellow skin many, ripe are green, yellowish pink pale yellow, grafting parent
Good with power, full seed resisting damping-off.
Further, in described step one parental stock selection-breeding, for isolation area within open country arranges 1000 meters, without other
Pumpkin variety, by insect pollination, breeding parent sisters hand over.
Further, in described step 2 and step 3, male parent and maternal planting proportion 1:7～8, maternal emasculation,
Roguing, during whole pollination, female parent is not allow for male flower open, and meanwhile, the female flower on paternal plant to be extractd, female
The flowers are in blossom spends noon before that day, tightens petal with rubber band, prevents second day insect pollination, second day morning, by adopt in advance
Male parent male flower is placed in basket and hides, pollination when maternal female flower is open；During pollination, male parent male flower corolla is peelled off and exposes stamen,
Touch gently on maternal female chapiter again and wipe, it is desirable to 1 male flower awards 1～2 female flower, is wrapped up by female flower corolla after pollination, plants melon
After pollination 45～50 days, epidermis gloss moved back light, wax bisque showed increased, melon handle lignifying, it is possible to gather, after-ripening 7～15
My god, then cut open melon and take kind, the melon kind taken the same day to be cleaned the same day, air dry, prevents seed from being drenched by rainwater and protection against rodents.
Further, in step 2 and step 3, production of hybrid seeds spatial separation more than 800 meters, in nursery mid-March, April
Field planting the middle ten days and the last ten days, male parent, than maternal early sowing 7～10 days, makes the male parent florescence meet with maternal female flower；The strain of every mu of density 600～800；
According to feature inspections such as parent's stem, leaf, flowers before blooming, thoroughly extract hybrid strain, diseased plant, weak plant；Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae 4-5 sheet true leaf pinching,
Staying two healthy and strong sons climing, other lateral bines are all removed, and the most visible melon of son climing 6-9 joint, female flower spacer knobs position 2-4 saves, every strain
Stay 3-4 to plant melon, before melon, stay 5-8 sheet leaf pinching, timely prevention and elimination of disease and pests.
The problem that the present invention solves the most domestic " glossy " type cucumber stock scarcity of resources.
" glossy " type cucumber stock is a kind of Novel cucumber stock variety of black seed pumpkin, DABAI seed pumpkin stock of continuing, with
Tradition cucumber stock black seed pumpkin, DABAI seed are compared has the notable effect removing Fructus Cucumidis sativi sugar-preserved gourd surface wax powder.
The resource of existing market " glossy " type cucumber stock extremely lacks, and causes cucumber stock market Cultivar replacing speed to be delayed
Slowly, so the resource of abundant " glossy " type cucumber stock kind is the key of breeding work.This problem combines for many years to Fructus Cucumidis sativi anvil
Finding in wood research, conventional employing seed of single cross breeding method, its application type is more single, uses " triple hybrid " breeding method,
On the premise of not changing existing resource quantity, by different combined methods, enrich material resources and commodity kind application type,
Such as table 1:
Table 1:8 " glossy type " parent difference selection aboundresources contrast
| Selection | Conventional kind | The seed of single cross | Triple hybrid |
| Number of combinations | 8 | 56 | 336 |
As can be seen from the above table, use triple hybrid breeding method, change the compound mode of parent, it is thus achieved that different seed sizes, different anti-
The extensive stock kind application types such as condition of disease power, meet peasant household and the nursery factory demand to different stock types, are both also for parent
The creation of material provides new germ plasm resource.
It is single that the present invention solves cucumber stock seed of single cross disease resistance type, the problem of resistance against diseases difference.
Tradition grafting green cucumber uses and mostly is black seed pumpkin, and black seed pumpkin is the conventional variety that locality, Yunnan produces, to droop
High anti-, but along with Planting Years extends, the soil salinization increases the weight of, show other root diseases is susceptible, causes field dead
Serious, although in succession to occur in that " Xin Tuzuo " DABAI seed, the substitute species of " fire phoenix " yellow seed, but be also only limitted to
Seed of single cross type, owing to being with two hybridizations between selfed lines, a parent only possesses the ability of anti-a kind of root diseases, so commodity
Kind of disease resistance type is the most single, it is impossible to meets peasant household and holds concurrently cucumber stock the demand of anti-two or more root diseases type.Use
" triple hybrid " (A × B) × C method selection-breeding, owing to having merged the merit of 3 parents, makes commodity kind be provided with double anti-
The ability of two or more root diseases.Such as table 2:
The disease resistance ability contrast of the different breeding method of table 2
| Breeding method | Conventional kind A, B, C | Seed of single cross A × B, B × C, A × C | Triple hybrid (A × B) × C |
| Commodity kind using effect | Anti-a kind of root diseases | Anti-2 kinds of root diseases | Two or more root diseases anti- |
Application " triple hybrid " selection, parent not easily runs off, and hybrid seed yield is high.
The seed of single cross the production of hybrid seeds produce in, use be all pure and mild selfing line seed be parent, although male parent bloom pollination knot
Pull out after bundle, but hybrid seeding parent's sowing, field planting, pollinate, the whole period of duration such as results is difficult to control parent does not flows
Lose, apply " triple hybrid " method selection-breeding cucumber stock, owing to using the seed of single cross as female parent, greatly reduce what parent was run off
Risk, adds third party and illegally uses the difficulty of parent material, thus be effectively protected the rights and interests of breeder and promoter.
Owing to the female parent of " triple hybrid " production of hybrid seeds is the seed of single cross, heterosis, hybrid vigor theory shows, " triple hybrid " production of hybrid seeds relatively single cross
Plant hybrid seed yield and can improve 20%, be effectively increased hybrid seed yield, reduce breeding cost, field hybrid seed yield such as table 3:
Table 3: different producing method for seed yield comparisons
| Producing method for seed | Per mu yield kg | Relatively comparison volume increase % |
| Seed of single cross CK | 60 | |
| Triple hybrid | 80 | +20 |
It is strong that gained triple hybrid has plant growing way, and full seed, cotyledon is loose, dark green, fast growth.Master is climing all can tie melon,
First female flower joint position 9-12 joint, female flower spacer knobs position 3-4 saves, the oblate type of melon, business's melon colors green band linear decorative pattern, old melon
Color brown, yellowish pink pale yellow, single melon weight 3-4kg, high resistance to wilt good and blight dis-ease, resistant to phytophthora root rot and damping off；Grafting
The features such as affinity is high, and low temperature tolerance ability is strong, are suitable for winter-crossing cucumber grafting cultivation and use.
The above, the only detailed description of the invention of the present invention, it is not limited to this, any skill being familiar with the art
Art personnel, in the technical scope that this patent discloses, can readily occur in change or replace, should contain in protection scope of the present invention
Within.
Claims (4)
1. the triple hybrid selection of a cucumber stock, it is characterised in that step includes:
One, parental stock selection-breeding: parent A is to be screened through selfing by one cucumber stock cenospecies, selects low temperature resistant, growing way stalwartness
Fine individual plant is fixed monosystem expanding propagation, the selfing line that hereditary character performance is stable；Parent B is by one cucumber stock cenospecies
Screening through selfing purification, the individual plant selecting full seed, seedling stage healthy and strong is fixed the selfing line of monosystem expanding propagation；Parent C be by
A kind of cucumber stock cenospecies is screened through selfing purification, selects the individual plant that growing way is medium, grafting affinity is good to be fixed monosystem and expands
Numerous, that hereditary character performance is stable selfing line；
Two, the seed of single cross: be maternal by parent A, parent B is that male parent is configured to the seed of single cross；
Three, triple hybrid: seed of single cross step 2 obtained is female parent, and parent C is that male parent is configured to triple hybrid；
In described step one, parent A selects cucumber stock cenospecies Marquis through 3 years 5 generation strict selfing directed screenings, institute
Obtaining selfing line pumpkin fruit oblate, pale yellow Rhizoma Euonymus, yellowish pink pale yellow, seed is the most flat；Parent B selects cucumber stock cenospecies Oyako
Through 3 years 5 generation strict selfing directed screenings, gained selfing line pumpkin fruit yellow green, circular, sarcocarp is pale yellow；Parent
C selects cucumber stock cenospecies Harukei438 through 3 years 5 generation strict selfing directed screenings, and gained selfing line fruit type is seemingly
Calabash, flower skin, precocity, male flower melon skin yellow skin many, ripe are green, and yellowish pink pale yellow, grafting affinity is good, and full seed is anti-dampings off
Sick.
The triple hybrid selection of cucumber stock the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described step one parental stock selects
In educating, for isolation area within open country arranges 1000 meters, without other pumpkin varieties, by insect pollination, breeding parent sisters hand over.
The triple hybrid selection of cucumber stock the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in described step 2 and step 3,
Male parent and maternal planting proportion 1:7～8, maternal emasculation, roguing, during whole pollination, female parent is not allow for male flower and opens
Put, meanwhile, the female flower on paternal plant to be extractd, bloom noon before that day at female flower, tighten petal with rubber band, prevent
Second day insect pollination, second day morning, in being placed in basket by the male parent male flower adopted in advance and hide, when maternal female flower is open
Pollination；During pollination, male parent male flower corolla is peelled off and expose stamen, then on maternal female chapiter, touch wiping gently, it is desirable to 1 male flower
Award 1～2 female flower, after pollination by female flower corolla wrap up, plant melon pollination after 45～50 days, epidermis gloss move back light, wax bisque is bright
Aobvious increase, melon handle lignifying, just gather, after-ripening 7～15 days, then cut open melon and take kind, the melon kind taken the same day to clean the same day,
Air dry, prevents seed from being drenched by rainwater and protection against rodents.
The triple hybrid selection of cucumber stock the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 2 and step 3, system
Kind of spatial separation more than 800 meters, in nursery mid-March, mid or late April field planting, male parent, than maternal early sowing 7～10 days, makes
The male parent florescence meets with maternal female flower；The strain of every mu of density 600～800；According to parent's stem, leaf, flower feature inspection before blooming, thorough
Hybrid strain, diseased plant, weak plant are extracted in the end；Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae 4-5 sheet true leaf pinching, stays two healthy and strong sons climing, and other lateral bines are all removed, son
Climing 6-9 joint is shown in melon, and female flower spacer knobs position 2-4 saves, and every strain stays 3-4 to plant melon, stays 5-8 sheet leaf pinching, prevent and treat in time before melon
Pest and disease damage.
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| CN106962175B (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2018-10-26 | 湖南省蔬菜研究所 | The method for creating of carpopodium impact resistance and the excellent Pumpkin Germplasm resource of Comprehensive Traits |
| CN114885694A (en) * | 2022-06-07 | 2022-08-12 | 青岛金妈妈农业科技有限公司 | Method for obtaining root rot resistant cucumber stock material seeds |
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| CN1110499A (en) * | 1995-02-22 | 1995-10-25 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Breeding method of three-generation hybrid cucumber |
| CN1366809A (en) * | 2002-02-27 | 2002-09-04 | 延边蔬菜花卉研究所 | Method for breeding protection field special-purpose Hua'nan type cucumber hybrid species |
| CN1918970A (en) * | 2006-09-04 | 2007-02-28 | 夏瑞金 | Seeds production method for pumpkin rootstock |
| CN103340101A (en) * | 2013-06-17 | 2013-10-09 | 青岛金妈妈农业科技有限公司 | Method for screening and authenticating tree stock materials for grafting |
| CN103355162A (en) * | 2012-04-09 | 2013-10-23 | 辽宁省农业科学院蔬菜研究所 | Breeding method for vineless pumpkins for stocks |
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0523067A (en) * | 1991-04-19 | 1993-02-02 | Nanto Shiyubiyou Kk | Method for breeding plant belonging to new variety of pumpkin for root stock eliminated in occurrence of bloom of cucumber |
| CN1110499A (en) * | 1995-02-22 | 1995-10-25 | 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 | Breeding method of three-generation hybrid cucumber |
| CN1366809A (en) * | 2002-02-27 | 2002-09-04 | 延边蔬菜花卉研究所 | Method for breeding protection field special-purpose Hua'nan type cucumber hybrid species |
| CN1918970A (en) * | 2006-09-04 | 2007-02-28 | 夏瑞金 | Seeds production method for pumpkin rootstock |
| CN103355162A (en) * | 2012-04-09 | 2013-10-23 | 辽宁省农业科学院蔬菜研究所 | Breeding method for vineless pumpkins for stocks |
| CN103340101A (en) * | 2013-06-17 | 2013-10-09 | 青岛金妈妈农业科技有限公司 | Method for screening and authenticating tree stock materials for grafting |
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