CN102405826B - Method for breeding inbred line by using sweet potato special materials - Google Patents
Method for breeding inbred line by using sweet potato special materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN102405826B CN102405826B CN 201110219533 CN201110219533A CN102405826B CN 102405826 B CN102405826 B CN 102405826B CN 201110219533 CN201110219533 CN 201110219533 CN 201110219533 A CN201110219533 A CN 201110219533A CN 102405826 B CN102405826 B CN 102405826B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for breeding inbred line by using sweet potato special materials. The method comprises a special material selection and isolation method, manpower-assisted inbreeding and inbreeding offspring testcross selection. In the invention, a sweet potato special resource which blooms and fructifies naturally and has wide compatibility is taken as a parent material, a plurality of systems with different genetic backgrounds are established at the same time, the inbreeding is performed strictly and the hybridization is avoided by taking isolation measures; the character of blooming and fructifying naturally and the target economical character are successively selected, so as to breed a inbred line material which has excellent target characters and can bloom and fructify naturally stably in the north area in China, the testcross of the inbred line materials is used for identifying the heterosis and the excellent inbred line is used for crossbreeding.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of utilizing the metamaterials Breeding of Inbred Lines, particularly a kind of method of utilizing sweet potato metamaterials Breeding of Inbred Lines belongs to field of crop genetic breeding.
Background technology
Sweet potato (I.batatas.6x) originates from South America torrid areas, belongs to short day crop, can not naturally budding at north latitude 23 degree northern areas and bloom, and process Accelerate bloom by grafting and short-day.Sweet potato is strict outcrossing crop in addition, self-sterility, and the near infertile group of breed formation of affiliation, and kind is difficult to cross-fertile in the infertile group, and feasible hybridization between the infertile group.This specific character can keep heterosis, hybrid vigor and the vitality of sweet potato kind self, but bring all obstacles to crossbreeding work, seriously limited the independent assortment of the utilization of resources and parent in the Sweet Potato Breeding, can not resemble other hybrid crop and improve heterosis, hybrid vigor by cultivating the superseded bad gene of the cumulative desirable genes of inbred line, usually be the parent with the kind of heterozygosis highly or material and carry out sexual hybridization, limited the raising of Sweet Potato Breeding level, be difficult to as corn, increase substantially output with inbred line configuration crossbreed.
In order to utilize the selfing desirable genes that adds up, begin the 1950's, exploratory development was done to the sweet potato selfing by breeding both domestic and external man, the Ban Jing of Japan thinks that with extensively rugged the sweet potato inbreeding can accumulate the beneficial genes such as starch, thereby breed high starch kind, found a small amount of self-compatibility kind the sixties such as the bad horse of rattan, but have no relevant successful report.Zhu Chongwen, sweet potato research center, Xuzhou is contained honest and clean 20 century 70s such as grade of family and has been studied sweet potato self-fruitful rate, selfing degree of degeneration, self progeny and separate etc., eventually because of self progeny's vitality serious degradation can not be solid, great the making slow progress of workload end.Do not stop but exploring, suitable test material has been used in important technological innovation often always, and the success of hybrid rice is exactly like this.We once bred flowering naturally and the high sweet potato variety " Hebei 351 " of self-fertility in the practices of breeding, and identify several kinds of the same type, simplified numerous and diverse program of induced flowering, again can the continuous self-fertility of high efficiency realization, be convenient to Screening and Identification sweet potato inbred line.Improved in addition fly net isolation insect pollination autocopulation method, the cultivation of convenient a plurality of inbred lines.Inbred line is not pursued the pure lines of serious degradation through namely can be used for hybrid seeding after the relative purifying of three generations, makes it to maintain the sexual reproduction ability.
Summary of the invention
The selection of sweet potato germplasm material for selfed line of the present invention comprises metamaterials selection, partition method, human assistance selfing, self progeny's selection.Special Resources solid take flowering naturally and the tool wide compatibility is parent material, sets up simultaneously the different several systems of genetic background, strictly carries out selfing, takes quarantine measures to avoid hybridization.Solid and target Agronomic Traits carries out successive selection to flowering naturally, cultivates that to stablize flowering naturally in the northern area of China solid and have an inbred line material of good objective trait.Recycling inbred line material test cross is identified hybrid vigour, selects to utilize good inbred line to carry out crossbreeding work.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of utilizing the good inbred line of sweet potato flowering naturally self-fertility metamaterials seed selection.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The seed selection of inbred line:
(1) is chosen in the solid metamaterials of northern China energy flowering naturally, is labeled as S
0
(2) adopt artificial autocopulation or fly net isolation entomophila supplementary pollination, make the flowering naturally material carry out selfing, results selfing 1 generation seed is labeled as S
1
(3) next year is with the seed plantation seedling of results in the step (2), selecting wherein can free flowering individual plant, be planted in the field, planting density is 1.5 meters intervals, the front individual plant of blooming after buddingging is isolated, adopt the method selfing in the step (2), results selfing 2 generation seed is labeled as S
2
(4) method in the employing step (3), results selfing 3 generation seed is labeled as S
3
(5) S3 is germinateed for seed treatment, the plantation seedling, selecting wherein can flowering naturally, self-fruitful rate is high, and floral organ and potato piece are grown individual plant normal and that have an objective trait and are the test cross inbred line;
The test cross of inbred line is identified:
Free sweet potato single cross hybrid is the parent with the inbred line of utilizing gained in the step (5) and is disposed the test cross combination, the field planting first familiar generation is identified, selection can be stablized in the north high-combining ability inbred line that flowering naturally is solid and Other Main Agronomic Characters is good, and the fine individual plant that keeps simultaneously in the F1 colony is cultivated into improved seeds.
Wherein, described artificial autocopulation's method refers to pollinate and is clipped in the top of bud with hair clip the previous day, smears column cap with a flower, then binding isolation listing mark with the flower pesticide of same flower before 10 o'clock of the next morning; Or
Described fly net isolation entomophila supplementary pollination refers to cover plant to be pollinated with fly net, puts into the Pollinating Insect of cleaning, gives the column cap pollination of same strain with the pollen of same strain.
Wherein, described objective trait refers to the proterties of additive inheritance control, comprises dry rate, disease resistance, climing length, potato meat color.
Wherein, preferred, described metamaterials comprises that Hebei 351, three closes potato or Qin's potato No. 5.
Preferred, described metamaterials is Hebei 351, and the seed selection of its inbred line may further comprise the steps:
(1) is chosen in the solid metamaterials Hebei 351 of northern China energy flowering naturally, is labeled as S
0
(2) adopt artificial autocopulation or fly net isolation entomophila supplementary pollination, make the flowering naturally material carry out selfing, results selfing 1 generation seed is labeled as S
1
(3) next year is the seed plantation seedling of results in the step (2), and selecting wherein can free flowering individual plant, is planted in the field, planting density is 1.5 meters intervals, and the front individual plant of blooming after buddingging is isolated, and adopts method selfing in the step (2), results selfing 2 generation seed is labeled as S
2
(4) method in the employing step (3), results selfing 3 generation seed is labeled as S
3
(5) S3 is germinateed for seed treatment, the plantation seedling, selecting wherein can flowering naturally, self-fruitful rate is high, and floral organ and potato piece are grown individual plant normal and that have an objective trait and are the test cross inbred line, called after Hebei 351-43;
The test cross of inbred line is identified:
Free sweet potato single cross hybrid does male parent with the inbred line Hebei 351-43 that utilizes gained in the step (5) and its parent material Ji 21-2 does maternal configuration hybrid combination, the field planting first familiar generation carries out productivity and Characters Identification, inbred line is carried out seed selection, select simultaneously the fine individual plant in the F1 colony to cultivate improved seeds;
Breed standard is (being that F1 is for the standard of carrying out productivity and Characters Identification institute foundation): top is pale purple or green, and the leaf look is green, the vein purple, and purple stem, codate leaves, the blade size is medium, and middle length is climing, and branch is many, and growing way is strong; The knot potato disperses, potato shape spindle, and the potato skin is red, and potato meat is yellowish, individual plant knot potato 3-7 piece, dry rate 22%-30%, single plant yield 0.5-1.5kg.
Wherein, described artificial autocopulation's method refers to pollinate and is clipped in the top of bud with hair clip the previous day, smears column cap with a flower, then binding isolation listing mark with the flower pesticide of same flower before 10 o'clock of the next morning;
Described fly net isolation entomophila supplementary pollination refers to cover plant to be pollinated with fly net, puts into the Pollinating Insect of cleaning, gives the column cap pollination of same strain with the pollen of same strain.
Wherein, the objective trait of described Hebei 351-43 is: the flowering naturally self-fertility, and top and blade are green, and vein is pale purple, codate leaves, the blade size is medium, and middle length is climing, and branch is many, and growing way is strong; The knot potato is more concentrated, potato shape spindle, and the potato skin is red, potato meat white, individual plant knot potato 4-6 piece, dry rate 20-30%, single plant yield 0.7-1kg.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the method has been broken the genetic disorder of infertile group in the conventional sweet potato crossbreeding, numerous and diverse program and the hybrid seeding link of inducing sweet potato to bloom have been simplified, use the inbred line that adds up through the excellent genes purifying and be used for crossbreeding, the exploitation sweet potato is efficiently simplified the procedure of breeding.
Embodiment
Also the present invention will be further described in conjunction with the embodiments below by experiment, it should be understood that these embodiment only are used for the purpose of illustration, never limit protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
The seed selection of inbred line:
(1) is chosen in the solid metamaterials Hebei 351 of northern China energy flowering naturally as parent material, is labeled as (S
0);
(2) in isolation implant Hebei 351 on May 15th, 2005, adopted human assistance to force pollination self on 1st August 1 to September, make Hebei 351 materials carry out selfing, results selfing 1 generation seed.The artificial selfing method of forcing: pollination the previous day is clipped in the top of bud with hair clip, smears the together column cap of a flower with the flower pesticide of same flower 10 o'clock of the next morning before, and then listing mark is isolated in binding.Individual plant results preservation behind Grain Ripening is labeled as (S at the beginning of 11 months
1);
On March 12nd, (3) 2006 is with S
1For seed plantation seedling, selecting wherein can free flowering individual plant, is planted in the field on May 15.Planting density is 1.5 meters intervals, and the front individual plant of blooming after buddingging July adopts fly net to isolate, and adopt the method selfing in the step (2) August 1 to September 1, gathers in the crops selfing 2 generation selfed seed at the beginning of 11 months behind Grain Ripening, is labeled as (S
2);
Adopted the method (the concrete operations time is identical) in the step (3) in (4) 2007 years, results selfing 3 generation selfed seed is labeled as (S
3);
S3 was planted seedling for seed in (5) 2008 years, selecting wherein can flowering naturally, self-fruitful rate is high, and floral organ and potato piece are grown individual plant Hebei 351-43 normal and that have an objective trait and be the test cross inbred line.Hebei 351-43 has following feature:
Top and blade are green, and vein is pale purple, codate leaves, and the blade size is medium, and middle length is climing, and branch is many, and growing way is strong; The knot potato is more concentrated, potato shape spindle, and the potato skin is red, potato meat white, individual plant knot potato 4-6 piece, dry rate 26%, single plant yield 0.7-1kg.
The test cross of inbred line is identified:
The parent material Ji potato 21-2 that utilized Hebei 351-43 to do male parent and current performance excellence in (6) 2009 years does maternal configuration hybrid combination, May 13 planted respectively in different flowerpots, wherein potato 21-2 in Ji need to do stock with leading a cow greatly, Ji potato 21-2 does scion with 2 stem apexs that launch leaf, after the grafting success, short-day 8h processed induced flowering to every day between July 20 June 1, stopping short-day after blooming processes, and employing human assistance on the 1st hybridization August 2 to September, specific practice is as follows: pollination is clipped in the top of bud the previous day with hair clip, be applied to the column cap of Ji potato 21-2 flower before 10 o'clock of the next morning with the flower pesticide of Hebei 351-43, then binding isolation listing mark.Behind Grain Ripening, gather in the crops hybrid seed at the beginning of 11 months, be labeled as F1;
The middle first familiar generation seedling that obtains of field planting step (6) was identified in (7) 2010 years, the inbred line that selection energy flowering naturally is solid and Other Main Agronomic Characters is good selects the fine individual plant in the F1 colony to cultivate into excellent strain as the parent of crossbreeding simultaneously.Obtained at present several strains, specific as follows:
The Ji is from 34: top is pale purple, and the leaf look is green, the vein purple, and purple stem, leaf heart tooth, the blade size is medium, and middle length is climing, and branch is medium, and growing way is strong; The knot potato is more concentrated, potato shape spindle, and the potato skin is red, and potato meat is yellowish, individual plant knot potato 5-7 piece, dry rate 29%, single plant yield 1-1.4kg.
The Ji is from 116: top and Ye Se are green, the vein purple, and purple stem, codate leaves, the blade size is medium, and middle length is climing, and branch is many, and growing way is strong; The knot potato disperses, the long spindle of potato shape, and the potato skin is red, and potato meat is yellowish, individual plant knot potato 3-4 piece, dry rate 22.6%, single plant yield 0.5-1kg.
The above only is the preferred embodiments of the present invention, only is illustrative for the purpose of the present invention, and nonrestrictive; Those of ordinary skills understand, and can carry out many changes to it in the spirit and scope that claim of the present invention limits, revise, even the equivalence change, but all will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. method of utilizing sweet potato metamaterials Breeding of Inbred Lines is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
⑴ be chosen in the solid metamaterials Hebei 351 of northern China energy flowering naturally, is labeled as S
0
⑵ adopt artificial autocopulation or fly net isolation entomophila supplementary pollination, makes the flowering naturally material carry out selfing, and results selfing 1 generation seed is labeled as S
1
⑶ next year is the seed plantation seedling of gathering in the crops among the step ⑵, and selecting wherein can free flowering individual plant, is planted in the field, planting density is 1.5 meters intervals, and the front individual plant of blooming after buddingging is isolated, and adopts method selfing among the step ⑵, results selfing 2 generation seed is labeled as S
2
⑷ adopt the method among the step ⑶, and results selfing 3 generation seed is labeled as S
3
⑸ germinate S3 for seed treatment, the plantation seedling, and selecting wherein can flowering naturally, self-fruitful rate is high, and floral organ and potato piece are grown individual plant normal and that have an objective trait and are the test cross inbred line, called after Hebei 351-43;
Described objective trait is: top and blade are green, and vein is pale purple, codate leaves, and the blade size is medium, and middle length is climing, and branch is many, and growing way is strong; The knot potato is more concentrated, potato shape spindle, and the potato skin is red, potato meat yellow-white, individual plant knot potato 4-6 piece, dry rate 20-30%, single plant yield 0.7-1kg;
The test cross of inbred line is identified:
Free sweet potato single cross hybrid does male parent with the inbred line Hebei 351-43 that utilizes gained among the step ⑸ and Ji 21-2 does maternal configuration hybrid combination, the field planting first familiar generation carries out productivity and Characters Identification, inbred line is carried out seed selection, select simultaneously the fine individual plant in the F1 colony to cultivate improved seeds;
Breed standard is: top is pale purple or green, and the leaf look is green, the vein purple, and purple stem, codate leaves, the blade size is medium, and middle length is climing, and branch is many, and growing way is strong; The knot potato disperses, potato shape spindle, and the potato skin is red, and potato meat is yellowish, individual plant knot potato 3-7 piece, dry rate 22%-30%, single plant yield 0.5-1.5kg.
2. the method for Breeding of Inbred Lines as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described artificial autocopulation's method refers to pollinate is clipped in the top of bud the previous day with hair clip, smeared the together column cap of a flower with the flower pesticide of same flower before 10 o'clock of the next morning, then binding isolation listing mark;
Described fly net isolation entomophila supplementary pollination refers to cover plant to be pollinated with fly net, puts into the Pollinating Insect of cleaning, gives the column cap pollination of same strain with the pollen of same strain.
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Families Citing this family (8)
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| CN103109738B (en) * | 2013-03-11 | 2014-03-26 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Breeding method for convergent improvement of carotene and dry rate characters of sweet potato |
| CN103651106A (en) * | 2013-12-14 | 2014-03-26 | 山东省烟台市农业科学研究院 | Artificial-insect complementary pollination method for sweet potatoes |
| CN105766311B (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2019-01-04 | 江苏徐淮地区徐州农业科学研究所 | A method of improving sweet potato self-fruitful rate |
| CN106577253B (en) * | 2016-11-15 | 2018-06-22 | 文山州金农薯类作物研究所有限公司 | A kind of high starch, the breeding method of high yield sweet potato |
| CN107333647A (en) * | 2017-09-08 | 2017-11-10 | 湛江市农业科学研究院（广东省（湛江）区域性农业试验中心） | A kind of labeling method of plant hybridization breeding combination |
| CN111247992A (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2020-06-09 | 江苏徐淮地区徐州农业科学研究所(江苏徐州甘薯研究中心) | Method for promoting selfing and fructification of sweet potatoes |
| CN112616648A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-04-09 | 湖南省作物研究所 | Method for optimizing sweet potato group hybridization scheme and application thereof |
| CN113661891B (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2023-02-03 | 河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所 | Breeding method for rapid sweet potato hybridization optimization |
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