CN106577253B - A kind of high starch, the breeding method of high yield sweet potato - Google Patents
A kind of high starch, the breeding method of high yield sweet potato Download PDFInfo
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- CN106577253B CN106577253B CN201611024123.4A CN201611024123A CN106577253B CN 106577253 B CN106577253 B CN 106577253B CN 201611024123 A CN201611024123 A CN 201611024123A CN 106577253 B CN106577253 B CN 106577253B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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Abstract
The invention belongs to field of agricultural cultivation, and in particular to a kind of high starch, high yield sweet potato breeding method, include the following steps：S1, Juvenile stage；S2, induced flowering；S3, hybridization；S4, selfing；S5, secondary hybridization；S6, hybridize three times；S7, four hybridization；S8 is sowed.Content of starch is improved 34.75%, output increased 40.14% by the new varieties sweet potato that the present invention cultivates, and improves the economic benefit of farmer, the utilization rate for increasing sweet potato industrial processes.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of agricultural cultivation, and in particular to a kind of high starch, high yield sweet potato breeding method.
Background technology
Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L) Lam.) belongs to tubular flower mesh, Convolvulaceae annual herb plant, long 2 meters with
On, lie down ground it is oblique on, blade is usually width egg shape, 4-13 centimetres long, 3-13 centimetres wide, corolla pink, white, lavender
Or purple, mitriform or funnel-form, 3-4 centimetres long, capsule is avette or oblate, there is false dissepiment, is divided into Room 4, has underground root tuber, block
Root spindle, crust khaki or aubergine.Sweet potato is rich in protein, starch, pectin, cellulose, amino acid, vitamin and more
Kind minerals have the reputation of " life prolonging food ".Sugar content reaches 15%-20%.There are anticancer, cardioprotection, prevention pulmonary emphysema, glycosuria
Disease, weight-reducing and other effects.Ming Dynasty's Li Shizhen《Compendium of Materia Medica》Note has " sweet potato qi-restoratives, spleen benefiting and stimulating the appetite, strong kidney yin ", and say marine people
The longevity of food.The traditional Chinese medical science regards sweet potato as good medicine.
Traditional sweet potato nursery is using vegetative propagation technique, uses the kind of the tendril progress grown in potato wedge year after year
It plants, low output, content of starch are low, variety deterioration is serious, and pest and disease damage is more, poor quality, and utilization rate, commodity conversion rate be not high, mostly
In Around the house plantation for raise livestock.Sweet potato tissue-cultured seedling (detoxification Ipomoea batatas seedling) can only play the role of restoring original seed, also not
It is the cultivation and breed improvement of new varieties, is not also the direct utilization of selection cross new varieties though there is certain effect of increasing production.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of high starch, the breeding method of high yield sweet potato, to solve
Existing Ipomoea batatas kind low output, content of starch be not high and the problem of quality deterioration.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme is that：
A kind of high starch, the breeding method of high yield sweet potato, include the following steps：
S1, Juvenile stage：It is parent to select imperial potato 9, quotient's potato 19, golden potato 2 and purple cloud red heart potato；
S2, induced flowering：Plant phytosaur potato 9, golden potato 2 and purple cloud red heart potato respectively with cuttage；In August, by imperial potato 9
Number, the growing environment of golden potato 2 and purple cloud red heart potato be adjusted to light application time as 6~8h/d, intensity of illumination for 18000~
50000Lx, temperature are 24~28 DEG C；Quotient's potato growing environment of No. 19 is adjusted to light application time as 9~10h/d, intensity of illumination
For 10000~30000Lx, temperature is 20~25 DEG C；And imperial potato 9, quotient's potato 19, golden potato 2 and purple cloud red heart potato are sprayed
Foliar fertilizer；
S3, hybridization：Hybridized with imperial No. 9 ♀ of potato × ♂ of quotient's potato 19, obtained first filial generation A；With No. 19 ♀ × dragons of quotient's potato
No. 9 ♂ of potato are hybridized, obtained first filial generation B；Hybridized with golden No. 2 ♀ of potato × purple cloud red heart potato ♂, obtained first filial generation C；
Hybridized with purple cloud red heart potato ♀ × ♂ of gold potato 2, obtained first filial generation D；
Pollination is adjusted growing environment temperature to 20~25 DEG C after artificial pollination using artificial pollination in crossover operation；
S4, selfing：It is planted respectively with the seed of the seed of A and B, induced flowering, with A ♀ × A ♂ be selfed numerous
It grows, obtains second filial E, pollination is using artificial pollination；Self propagated is carried out with B ♀ × B ♂, obtains second filial F, pollination is used and manually awarded
Powder；
S5, secondary hybridization：It is parent with E and F, induced flowering is hybridized with E ♀ × F ♂, obtains child three generations G, and pollination is adopted
Manually pollinate；
S6, hybridize three times：It is parent with G, C and D, induced flowering is hybridized with G ♀ × C ♂, obtains sub four generations H；With G ♀
× D ♂ are hybridized, and obtain sub four generations L；Pollination is using artificial pollination；
S7, four hybridization：It is parent with H and L, induced flowering is hybridized with H ♀ × L ♂, obtains sub five generations M, and pollination is adopted
Manually pollinate；M is high starch, the red kind of high yield；
S8, sowing：The seed obtained in S7 is impregnated 5~10 minutes in the mercuric chloride solution of 0.2% (m/v), Ran Hou
It is impregnated 10~15 minutes in 75% ethyl alcohol, seed is rinsed 3~5 times with clear water, seed is placed in 40~50 DEG C of warm water and is soaked
Bubble 8~10 hours, then seed is layered in river sand and carries out vernalization, after seed germination, program request is carried out, obtains seedling；
Flower is isolated after artificial pollination.
High starch provided by the invention, high yield sweet potato breeding method in, it is preferable that the foliar fertilizer constituent
Weight ratio be boric acid:Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate:Water=2:5:60.
High starch provided by the invention, high yield sweet potato breeding method in, it is preferable that the side of the artificial pollination
Method is to be removed male parent stamen with tweezers, then clamps male parent stamen on maternal column cap with tweezers and smears.
High starch provided by the invention, high yield sweet potato breeding method in, it is preferable that the induction in step S4 to S7
The condition bloomed is that light application time is 6~8h/d, and intensity of illumination is 18000~45000Lx, and temperature is 24~28 DEG C.
High starch provided by the invention, high yield sweet potato breeding method in, it is preferable that after artificial pollination to flower into
The method of row isolation is to carry out bagging to flower or tie corolla mouth with line.
Above-mentioned technical proposal, due to repeatedly being hybridized using multiple kinds, so as to get the raising of new varieties content of starch
34.75%, output increased 40.14%, improves the economic benefit of farmer, the utilization for increasing sweet potato industrial processes
Rate.
Specific embodiment
The specific embodiment of the present invention is described further below.It should be noted that for these implementations
The explanation of mode is used to help understand the present invention, but do not form limitation of the invention.In addition, invention described below
Involved technical characteristic can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other in each embodiment.
Embodiment
A kind of high starch, the breeding method of high yield sweet potato, the cultivating process carry out in greenhouse, specific to wrap
Include following steps：
S1, Juvenile stage：It is parent to select imperial potato 9, quotient's potato 19, golden potato 2 and purple cloud red heart potato；
S2, induced flowering：Plant phytosaur potato 9, golden potato 2 and purple cloud red heart potato respectively with cuttage.In August, by imperial potato 9
Number, the growing environment of golden potato 2 and purple cloud red heart potato be adjusted to light application time as 6~8h/d, intensity of illumination for 18000~
50000Lx, temperature are 24~28 DEG C；Quotient's potato growing environment of No. 19 is adjusted to light application time as 9~10h/d, intensity of illumination
For 10000~30000Lx, temperature is 20~25 DEG C；And simultaneously to imperial potato 9, quotient's potato 19, golden potato 2 and purple cloud red heart potato
Spray foliar fertilizer；The weight ratio of the foliar fertilizer constituent is boric acid:Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate:Water=2:5:60.
S3, hybridization：Hybridized with imperial No. 9 ♀ of potato × ♂ of quotient's potato 19, obtain first filial generation A；With No. 19 ♀ of quotient's potato × dragon potato
No. 9 ♂ are hybridized, and obtain first filial generation B；Hybridized with golden No. 2 ♀ of potato × purple cloud red heart potato ♂, obtain first filial generation C；With purple cloud
Red heart potato ♀ × ♂ of gold potato 2 is hybridized, and obtains first filial generation D；
Using artificial pollination, the method for artificial pollination is to be removed male parent stamen with tweezers, then clamps male parent with tweezers
Stamen is smeared on maternal column cap.Growing environment temperature is adjusted to 20~25 DEG C after artificial pollination；
S4, selfing：It is planted respectively with the seed of the seed of A and B, induced flowering, uses the method for artificial pollination with A
♀ × A ♂ carry out self propagated, obtain second filial E, carry out self propagated with B ♀ × B ♂, obtain second filial F；
S5, secondary hybridization：It is parent with E and F, induced flowering uses the method for artificial pollination to be carried out with E ♀ × F ♂ miscellaneous
It hands over, obtains child three generations G；
S6, hybridize three times：It is parent with G, C and D, induced flowering uses the method for artificial pollination to be carried out with G ♀ × C ♂ miscellaneous
It hands over, obtains sub four generations H；Hybridized with G ♀ × D ♂, obtain sub four generations L；
S7, four hybridization：It is parent with H and L, induced flowering uses the method for artificial pollination to be carried out with H ♀ × L ♂ miscellaneous
It hands over, obtains sub five generations M, M is high starch, high yield Ipomoea batatas kind；
S8, sowing：The seed obtained in S7 is impregnated 5~10 minutes in the mercuric chloride solution of 0.2% (m/v), Ran Hou
It is impregnated 10~15 minutes in 75% ethyl alcohol, seed is rinsed 3~5 times with clear water, seed is placed in 40~50 DEG C of warm water and is soaked
Bubble 8~10 hours, then seed is layered in river sand and carries out vernalization, after seed germination, program request is carried out, obtains seedling；
Flower to be isolated after artificial pollination in above-mentioned all steps, partition method can carry out bagging to flower,
Can also tie corolla mouth with line..
It is light application time is 6~8h/d that the condition of induced flowering, which is induced flowering condition, in step S4 to S7, intensity of illumination
For 18000~45000Lx, temperature is 24~28 DEG C.
Test example
In Yunnan Wenshan Prefecture area, it is red that the sweet potato cultivated by embodiment, imperial potato 9, purple cloud are planted respectively within 2015
Heart potato, quotient's potato 19 and golden each 10 mu of potato 2, investigate their per mu yield and content of starch, the results are shown in Table 1：
The yield and content of starch of 1 each kind sweet potato of table
| Test group | Embodiment | Imperial potato 9 | Purple cloud red heart potato | Quotient's potato 19 | Golden potato 2 |
| Yield (kg/ mus) | 6082 | 4340 | 2300 | 4002 | 2800 |
| Content of starch (%) | 31.90 | 9.18 | 21.34 | 23.67 | 14.97 |
As can be seen from the above table, the variety yield of embodiment is 6082kg/ mus, content of starch is 31.90% both 5
A kind is highest；The yield highest (for 4340kg/ mus) of imperial potato 9, the content of starch that quotient's potato 19 in remaining 4 kind
Highest (for 24.67%)；The kind of embodiment is relative to imperial No. 9 output increaseds of potato 40.14%, relative to quotient's sweet potato starch content
Improve 34.75%.The new varieties starch from sweet potato content that the present invention cultivates improves 34.75%, output increased 40.14%,
The economic benefit of farmer, the utilization rate for increasing sweet potato industrial processes are improved, can be widely applied to fresh food sweet potato market pin
It sells, food processing and industrial processes.
Embodiments of the present invention are explained in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to described embodiments.It is right
For those skilled in the art, in the case where not departing from the principle of the invention and spirit, these embodiments are carried out more
Kind change, modification, replacement and modification, still fall in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of high starch, the breeding method of high yield sweet potato, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
S1, Juvenile stage：It is parent to select imperial potato 9, quotient's potato 19, golden potato 2 and purple cloud red heart potato；
S2, induced flowering：Plant phytosaur potato 9, golden potato 2 and purple cloud red heart potato respectively with cuttage；In August, by imperial potato 9,
The growing environment of golden potato 2 and purple cloud red heart potato is adjusted to light application time as 6~8h/d, intensity of illumination for 18000~
50000Lx, temperature are 24~28 DEG C；Quotient's potato growing environment of No. 19 is adjusted to light application time as 9~10h/d, intensity of illumination
For 10000~30000Lx, temperature is 20~25 DEG C；And imperial potato 9, quotient's potato 19, golden potato 2 and purple cloud red heart potato are sprayed
Foliar fertilizer；
S3, hybridization：Hybridized with imperial No. 9 ♀ of potato × ♂ of quotient's potato 19, obtained first filial generation A；With No. 19 ♀ of quotient's potato × dragon potato 9
Number ♂ is hybridized, and obtains first filial generation B；Hybridized with golden No. 2 ♀ of potato × purple cloud red heart potato ♂, obtain first filial generation C；It is red with purple cloud
Heart potato ♀ × ♂ of gold potato 2 is hybridized, and obtains first filial generation D；
Hybridization is adjusted growing environment temperature to 20~25 DEG C after artificial pollination using artificial pollination；
S4, selfing：A and B is planted respectively, and induced flowering carries out self propagated with A ♀ × A ♂, obtains second filial E, pollination is using people
Work is pollinated；Self propagated is carried out with B ♀ × B ♂, obtains second filial F, pollination is using artificial pollination；
S5, secondary hybridization：It is parent with E and F, induced flowering is hybridized with E ♀ × F ♂, obtains child three generations G, pollination is using people
Work is pollinated；
S6, hybridize three times：It is parent with G, C and D, induced flowering is hybridized with G ♀ × C ♂, obtains sub four generations H；With G ♀ × D ♂
Hybridized, obtain sub four generations L；Pollination is using artificial pollination；
S7, four hybridization：It is parent with H and L, induced flowering is hybridized with H ♀ × L ♂, obtains sub five generations M, pollination is using people
Work is pollinated；M is high starch, high yield Ipomoea batatas kind；
S8, sowing：5~10 minutes will be impregnated in mercuric chloride solution that the seed obtained in S7 is 0.2% in mass volume ratio, then
It is impregnated 10~15 minutes in 75% ethyl alcohol, seed is rinsed 3~5 times with clear water, seed is placed in 40~50 DEG C of warm water
It impregnates 8~10 hours, then seed is layered in river sand and carries out vernalization, after seed germination, carry out program request, obtain seedling；
Flower is isolated after artificial pollination.
2. high starch according to claim 1, the breeding method of high yield sweet potato, which is characterized in that the foliar fertilizer group
Weight ratio into ingredient is boric acid:Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate:Water=2:5:60.
3. high starch according to claim 1, the breeding method of high yield sweet potato, which is characterized in that described manually awards
The method of powder is to be removed male parent stamen with tweezers, then clamps male parent stamen on maternal column cap with tweezers and smears.
4. high starch according to claim 1, the breeding method of high yield sweet potato, which is characterized in that in step S4 to S7
The condition of induced flowering be light application time be 6~8h/d, intensity of illumination is 18000~45000Lx, and temperature is 24~28 DEG C.
5. high starch according to claim 1, the breeding method of high yield sweet potato, which is characterized in that right after artificial pollination
The method that flower is isolated is to carry out bagging to flower or tie corolla mouth with line.
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| CN107258531A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-10-20 | 扬州大学 | A kind of simple isolation method of eggplant florescence pollination |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2001031018A1 (en) * | 1999-10-29 | 2001-05-03 | Korea Research Institute Of Bioscience And Biotechnology | A peroxidase genomic gene derived from ipomoea batatas and a promoter thereof |
| JP2001278902A (en) * | 2000-03-31 | 2001-10-10 | National Agriculture Research Center | Sweet potato starch to be gelatinized at low temperature and method of breeding sweet potato including the starch in tuberous root |
| CN102405826A (en) * | 2011-08-02 | 2012-04-11 | 河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所 | Method for breeding inbred line by using sweet potato special materials |
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2016
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2001031018A1 (en) * | 1999-10-29 | 2001-05-03 | Korea Research Institute Of Bioscience And Biotechnology | A peroxidase genomic gene derived from ipomoea batatas and a promoter thereof |
| JP2001278902A (en) * | 2000-03-31 | 2001-10-10 | National Agriculture Research Center | Sweet potato starch to be gelatinized at low temperature and method of breeding sweet potato including the starch in tuberous root |
| CN102405826A (en) * | 2011-08-02 | 2012-04-11 | 河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所 | Method for breeding inbred line by using sweet potato special materials |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| Improving breeding efficiency for quality and yield of sweet potato;Kuan-Hung LIN;《Botanical studies》;20071231;第283-292页 * |
| 特色甘薯新品种——龙薯9号;郭其茂;《杂粮作物》;20051231;第25卷(第2期);第89页 * |
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