CN103329794A - Method of intergeneric hybridization between longans and litchis - Google Patents
Method of intergeneric hybridization between longans and litchis Download PDFInfo
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- CN103329794A CN103329794A CN2013102602966A CN201310260296A CN103329794A CN 103329794 A CN103329794 A CN 103329794A CN 2013102602966 A CN2013102602966 A CN 2013102602966A CN 201310260296 A CN201310260296 A CN 201310260296A CN 103329794 A CN103329794 A CN 103329794A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method of intergeneric hybridization between longans and litchis. According to the method, at least one part of pollens of a male parent (the litchis) can be sprouted by improving a pollination and fertilization environment on a chapiter of a female tree (the longans), so that pollination and fertilization are successfully realized to produce hybrid seeds, and hybrid seedlings with production application value can be bred.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to biological field, be specifically related to the intergeneric cross method of a kind of longan and lichee.
Background technology
China is the original producton location of longan, has the plantation history in more than 2000 year.Longan is the local flavor grace, nutritious, the taste benefit fruit that the food medicine is held concurrently excellent, get consumer reception very much, so production scale develops rapidly over nearly 15 years, gross yield is constantly soaring, genuine producing country the biggest in the world (area under cultivation of China longan and gross yield account for respectively world's gross area and gross yield 73% and 60%) and maximum country of consumption have been become, but exist breed structure single because China's longan main breed is outstanding, cold resistance generally a little less than, maturing stage is very concentrated, cause producing and go up the freeze injury cold in nature of frequent period of encounter and the significantly underproduction even total crop failure, this is because concentrating listing (only Guangdong Province's landings every day are above 20,000 tons) and in the good harvest time, selling pressure is increasing, and market pressure is unprecedentedly big.Because the market continued downturn, planting benefit significantly comes down, and is forced to lie waste, abandon gathering even chop at a tree and ruin the garden in many orchards, and grower's enthusiasm for production gets a hard knock, and the sustainable development of industry is hard to carry on.
Therefore, by the breeding technique of novelty, cultivating the irrealizable new varieties of conventional breeding means, is the basic outlet that solves the sustainable development of longan industry.
Aspect longan lichee intergeneric cross, also there is not the prior art of success at present abroad.There is researcher (McConchie, 1994) once to attempt the intergeneric cross work of " longan * lichee " abroad, but do not have success fully, reason is that the pollen of lichee can not be sprouted at the column cap of longan, so can't realize the pollination fertilization, can not get hybrid seed, also just can not get the hybrid generation.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the intergeneric cross method of a kind of longan and lichee, in order to realize purpose of the present invention, intend adopting following technical scheme:
One aspect of the present invention relates to the intergeneric cross method of a kind of longan and lichee, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) gathers the male flower of lichee male parent at the male flower full-bloom stage, through super-dry, grind and sieve, isolate paternal pollen;
(2) before carrying out intergeneric cross, earlier the longan maternal plant is castrated processing completely, then the mixing deactivation pollen of different longan cultivars is sprayed the column cap of cloth stock tree female flower, create good pollination fertilization environment at column cap;
(3) the lichee life pollen with preparation in the step (1) mixes the mixing of deactivation pollen with the longan of preparation in the step (2), is mixed with the pollen suspension with sucrose+boric acid mixed solution, evenly sprays cloth on the female chapiter of stock tree, once a day, pollinates continuously 3-5 days;
(4) cloth fruit retention medicament is in time sprayed in operation routinely, carries out the preventing and controlling of damage by disease and insect, until fruit maturation;
(5) picking fruit, the taking-up seed, the back seeding and seedling raising is handled in vernalization, the true hybrid of evaluation and screening, true hybrid seedling is colonizated in the field between will belonging to then, and therefrom screening has the innovation germplasm of production or Breeding Application value.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lichee male parent is that purple ma likes lichee.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, described longan female parent is China's farming longan early.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mixed solution in the described step (3) comprises 0.5-1.5% sucrose+0.05-0.15% boric acid.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the true hybrid identification screening technique in the described step (5) is that the blade of getting plant to be identified carries out SSR and SRAP molecular marker analysis.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, described have produce or innovation germplasm that Breeding Application is worth comprises having cold resistant bigener and/or the maturing stage is different from conventional variety or the maturing stage self differs bigenering more than 30 days.
Method of the present invention is by improving the pollination fertilization environment on stock tree (longan) column cap, make the pollen of male parent (lichee) at least a portion to sprout, successful realization pollination fertilization produces hybrid seed, cultivates the cross hybrid seedling with production or Breeding Application value.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
(1) gathers the male flower of male parent (purple ma likes lichee) at the male flower full-bloom stage, through super-dry, grind and sieve, isolate paternal pollen pure and that vitality is strong;
(2) before carrying out intergeneric cross, earlier maternal (China's farming is longan early) plant is castrated processing completely, (specifically be the stone gorge with 4-5 different longan cultivars then, Chu Liang, No. two, ancient mountain, spirit dragon, China's farming are early) the column cap of mixing deactivation pollen spray cloth stock tree female flower, create good pollination fertilization environment at column cap.
(3) the lichee life pollen with preparation in the step (1) mixes deactivation pollen mixed in equal amounts with the longan of the middle preparation of step (2), be mixed with the pollen suspension with 1% sucrose+0.01% BAS, evenly spray cloth is on the female chapiter of stock tree, once a day, continuously pollination is 3-5 days, up to column cap is withered lose fertility till.
(4) cloth fruit retention medicament is in time sprayed in operation routinely, carries out the preventing and controlling of damage by disease and insect, until fruit maturation.
(5) picking fruit takes out seed, and the back seeding and seedling raising is handled in vernalization.
(6) treat that seedling grows into 10 during with blade, get the method (Liu Chengming etc. that young leaflet tablet is delivered according to seminar, 2002, the gardening journal) extracts DNA, carry out SRAP and SSR molecular marker analysis then, the result shows, identifies the true hybrid of 52 strains in 149 strain candidate cross hybrid seedlings, and true hybrid rate is 34.90% between the genus of two kinds of molecular markers for identification.
(7) will belong between true hybrid seedling be colonizated in the field, strengthen cultivation management, promote it to nourish and grow and yield positive results, observe leaf morphology, phenophase, measure cold resistance, fruit quality, determine that breeding value and the production application of bigenering are worth: measured 13 at random and bigenered, wherein 2 cold resistance increases substantially, and 3 cold resistance improves by a small margin.7 that have yielded positive results bigener among, the having of precocious and special high yield 1 (early purple No. 1), late-maturing high yield and quality have one (middle purple No. 8) preferably, late-maturing spy late-maturing (Guangzhou September just maturation) have 3 (middle purple No. 9, purple No. 15 of stone, purple No. 19 of stone).
What can obtain wherein that cold resistance significantly improves bigeners, if weigh cold resistance (material that the semilethal temperature is more low is more cold-resistant) with the semilethal temperature, maternal China farming early longan is-2.0 ℃, the purple ma of male parent kind likes lichee and is-2.1 ℃, be-7.9 ℃ and one of bigener, far below the most cold-resistant lichee kind unit red (2.7 ℃), longan main breed stone gorge (2.1 ℃) and other all tested variety.
Can also draw back the maturing stage significantly, realize the supply of avoiding the peak hour of fresh fruit.According to observations, different bigeners, its maturing stage differs clearly, (Guangzhou in same plantation place, gardening institute of Agricultural University Of South China longan lichee breeding nursery), the maturing stage that part is bigenered is early August (being equivalent to early-maturing variety " No. two, Gu Shan "), and the maturing stage of some is mid-September in addition, two maturing stages of bigenering differed 40 days fully, this to term regulating action huge.
The above only is the specific embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any variation or replacement of expecting without creative work all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain that claims were limited.
Claims (6)
1. the intergeneric cross method of a longan and lichee is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) gathers the male flower of lichee male parent at the male flower full-bloom stage, through super-dry, grind and sieve, isolate paternal pollen;
(2) before carrying out intergeneric cross, earlier the longan maternal plant is castrated processing completely, then the mixing deactivation pollen of different longan cultivars is sprayed the column cap of cloth stock tree female flower, create good pollination fertilization environment at column cap;
(3) the lichee life pollen with preparation in the step (1) mixes the mixing of deactivation pollen with the longan of preparation in the step (2), is mixed with the pollen suspension with sucrose+boric acid mixed solution, evenly sprays cloth on the female chapiter of stock tree, once a day, pollinates continuously 3-5 days;
(4) cloth fruit retention medicament is in time sprayed in operation routinely, carries out the preventing and controlling of damage by disease and insect, until fruit maturation;
(5) picking fruit takes out seed, and the back seeding and seedling raising is handled in vernalization, the true hybrid of evaluation and screening, and true hybrid seedling is colonizated in the field between will belonging to then, therefrom deletes choosing and has the kind that production application is worth.
2. method according to claim 1, the lichee male parent is that purple ma likes lichee.
3. method according to claim 1, described longan female parent is the stone gorge, storage is good, No. two, Gu Shan, Ling Long or China's farming be longan early.
4. method according to claim 1, the mixed solution in the described step (3) comprises 0.5-1.5% sucrose+0.05-0.15% boric acid.
5. method according to claim 1, the true hybrid identification screening technique in the described step (5) is that the blade of getting plant to be identified carries out SSR and SRAP molecular marker analysis.
6. method according to claim 1, described have kind that production application is worth and comprise having cold resistant bigener and/or the maturing stage is different from conventional variety or the maturing stage self differs bigenering more than 30 days.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2013102602966A CN103329794A (en) | 2013-06-27 | 2013-06-27 | Method of intergeneric hybridization between longans and litchis |
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| CN2013102602966A CN103329794A (en) | 2013-06-27 | 2013-06-27 | Method of intergeneric hybridization between longans and litchis |
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| CN2013102602966A Pending CN103329794A (en) | 2013-06-27 | 2013-06-27 | Method of intergeneric hybridization between longans and litchis |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103583246A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-02-19 | 合江县彭家河荔枝专业合作社 | Method for fast improving survival rate for hybridization of longan and litchi |
| CN105028176A (en) * | 2015-06-10 | 2015-11-11 | 广东省农业科学院果树研究所 | Rapid seedling selection method of litchi |
| CN105613278A (en) * | 2016-03-15 | 2016-06-01 | 福建源华林业生物科技有限公司 | Artificial hybridization and pollination method for Chinese soapberry fruits |
| CN107027378A (en) * | 2017-05-04 | 2017-08-11 | 北海康维生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of longan seed accelerating germination method |
| CN116250477A (en) * | 2023-01-17 | 2023-06-13 | 中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所 | Method for cross breeding by using male sterile litchi |
Citations (1)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2461274Y (en) * | 2001-01-12 | 2001-11-28 | 梁达儒 | Respiring powder sprayer |
-
2013
- 2013-06-27 CN CN2013102602966A patent/CN103329794A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2461274Y (en) * | 2001-01-12 | 2001-11-28 | 梁达儒 | Respiring powder sprayer |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 赵玉辉等: ""荔枝、龙眼属间远缘杂种的获得及分子鉴定"", 《果树学报》 * |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103583246A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-02-19 | 合江县彭家河荔枝专业合作社 | Method for fast improving survival rate for hybridization of longan and litchi |
| CN105028176A (en) * | 2015-06-10 | 2015-11-11 | 广东省农业科学院果树研究所 | Rapid seedling selection method of litchi |
| CN105613278A (en) * | 2016-03-15 | 2016-06-01 | 福建源华林业生物科技有限公司 | Artificial hybridization and pollination method for Chinese soapberry fruits |
| CN105613278B (en) * | 2016-03-15 | 2018-10-12 | 福建源华林业生物科技有限公司 | A kind of soapberry artificial hybridization pollinating method |
| CN107027378A (en) * | 2017-05-04 | 2017-08-11 | 北海康维生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of longan seed accelerating germination method |
| CN116250477A (en) * | 2023-01-17 | 2023-06-13 | 中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所 | Method for cross breeding by using male sterile litchi |
| CN116250477B (en) * | 2023-01-17 | 2024-01-30 | 中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所 | Method for cross breeding by using male sterile litchi |
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Application publication date: 20131002 |