CN105265271A - Citrus seedling breeding method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a citrus seedling breeding method, which is characterized by comprising the steps of 1) seed collection, 2) sowing, 3) stock seedling transplantation, 4) post-transplantation management, 5) grafting preparation, 6) grafting, and 7) grafted seedling management. The citrus seedling breeding method is high in survival rate and excellent in quality.

Description

A kind of oranges and tangerines seedling propagation method

Technical field

The present invention relates to oranges and tangerines seedling propagation field, specifically a kind of oranges and tangerines seedling propagation method.

Background technology

Oranges and tangerines have 3 genus as Economical cultivation: Poncirus, Citrus and Fortunella, the oranges and tangerines mainly Citrus of China and the cultivation of other countries of the world, China is one of important original producton location of oranges and tangerines, oranges and tangerines aboundresources, improved seeds are various, there is the cultivation history of more than 4000 year, during cultivation oranges and tangerines, cultivate that kind is pure, the good seedling that meets the specification, strong sprout be the prerequisite setting up high yield, high-quality citrus orchard.The method of oranges and tangerines seedling propagation has: grafting, cuttage, grow directly from seeds, press strip, plant division etc., wherein based on grafting, grafting can do sth. in advance result, kind high-quality characteristic can be kept again, it is the main method of extensive nursery at present, but the nursery stock survival rate that current seedling propagation method is cultivated is low, second-rate.

Summary of the invention

Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: provide a kind of survival rate higher, the oranges and tangerines seedling propagation method of Functionality, quality and appealing design.

The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: provide a kind of oranges and tangerines seedling propagation method, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:

1) seed collection: gather stock seed, cleans impurity and pectin, puts shady and cool ventilation place and dry in the shade until seed turns white, and adopt clean pure river sand and seed mixing to stack, seed and river sand ratio are 1:5, and river sand is containing water gaging 15 ~ 20%;

2) sow: in canopy, sowing control temperature is 14 ^oc ~ 16 ^oC, outdoor sowing is in 9 ~ October or 2 ~ March, and sowing is front with 20 ^oC~ 22 ^oCwater soaking, then carry out sterilizing, then soak vernalization in 2-4 days with rare solution;

3) anvil transplantation of seedlings: transplant when anvil seedling grows 5-6 month, transplanting time is spring or autumn again, transplants nursery every 700 square metres of 1-1.5 ten thousand strain;

4) management after transplanting

Rootstock seedling should be poured water after transplanting immediately, after plant to be planted starts to walk root, gradation applies fertilizer, intertill and clean tillage before fertilising, keeps loosing soil, without weeds, fertilization time is in February, the 5-6 month, July and August, pour water in time during arid, the pinching when anvil seedling summer shoot pumping to 10 ~ 15 centimetre, with the thickening growth of short anvil seedling, rudiment in removing liftoff 15 centimetres of trunk and acupuncture, prevent and treat the diseases such as damping off and the insect pest such as two spotted spider mite, leaf miner in time;

5) grafting prepares: in oranges and tangerines improved variety scion female parent, selection kind is pure, the lemon of high and stable yield is as scion-seed tree, and scion should pick up from the annual lignified spring tip in middle and upper part and periphery or the autumn growth of tree crown, after scion is adopted, blade should be cut off, retain petiole, every 50 are bundled into a bundle, with wet cloth parcel, put into bag film temporarily to preserve, the acupuncture in liftoff for anvil seedling 17 centimetres, branch are wiped out;

6) grafting: adopt bud grafting method grafting, grafting part is 5-15 centimeters overhead, by horizontal for stock partial application, deeply reaches xylem, long 1 centimetre, from the vertical partial application downwards of transverse incision central part, long 1.5 centimetres, cortex is pushed aside, insert bud sheet, tie up with grafting film, expose eye.

7) grafting management: spring grafting, after connecing, inspection in 10-20 days survives situation, and reviver then only exposes eye, allows it sprout, and non-reviver then complete solution, except binder, carries out benefit immediately and connects; Grafting in autumn, when spring next year, resin started to flow, untie binder inspection and survive, all solutions is except the time of binder is at 25-30 days.

Adopt oranges and tangerines seedling propagation method of the present invention by controlling the parameter in reproductive process, with process control, final oranges and tangerines nursery stock is had germinate fast, survival rate is high, growth is fast, the feature of Functionality, quality and appealing design, and the occurrence and infection of corresponding minimizing damage by disease and insect, add the economic benefit of orchard worker.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.

Oranges and tangerines seedling propagation method of the present invention, comprises the following steps:

1) seed collection: gather stock seed, cleans impurity and pectin, puts shady and cool ventilation place and dry in the shade until seed turns white, and adopt clean pure river sand and seed mixing to stack, seed and river sand ratio are 1:5, and river sand is containing water gaging 15 ~ 20%;

2) sow: in canopy, sowing control temperature is 14 ^oc ~ 16 ^oC, outdoor sowing is in 9 ~ October or 2 ~ March, and sowing is front with 20 ^oC~ 22 ^oCwater soaking, then carry out sterilizing, then soak vernalization in 2-4 days with rare solution;

3) anvil transplantation of seedlings: transplant when anvil seedling grows 5-6 month, transplanting time is spring or autumn again, transplants nursery every 700 square metres of 1-1.5 ten thousand strain;

4) management after transplanting

Rootstock seedling should be poured water after transplanting immediately, after plant to be planted starts to walk root, gradation applies fertilizer, intertill and clean tillage before fertilising, keeps loosing soil, without weeds, fertilization time is in February, the 5-6 month, July and August, pour water in time during arid, the pinching when anvil seedling summer shoot pumping to 10 ~ 15 centimetre, with the thickening growth of short anvil seedling, rudiment in removing liftoff 15 centimetres of trunk and acupuncture, prevent and treat the diseases such as damping off and the insect pest such as two spotted spider mite, leaf miner in time;

5) grafting prepares: in oranges and tangerines improved variety scion female parent, selection kind is pure, the lemon of high and stable yield is as scion-seed tree, and scion should pick up from the annual lignified spring tip in middle and upper part and periphery or the autumn growth of tree crown, after scion is adopted, blade should be cut off, retain petiole, every 50 are bundled into a bundle, with wet cloth parcel, put into bag film temporarily to preserve, the acupuncture in liftoff for anvil seedling 17 centimetres, branch are wiped out;

6) grafting: adopt bud grafting method grafting, grafting part is 5-15 centimeters overhead, by horizontal for stock partial application, deeply reaches xylem, long 1 centimetre, from the vertical partial application downwards of transverse incision central part, long 1.5 centimetres, cortex is pushed aside, insert bud sheet, tie up with grafting film, expose eye.

7) grafting management: spring grafting, after connecing, inspection in 10-20 days survives situation, and reviver then only exposes eye, allows it sprout, and non-reviver then complete solution, except binder, carries out benefit immediately and connects; Grafting in autumn, when spring next year, resin started to flow, untie binder inspection and survive, all solutions is except the time of binder is at 25-30 days.

Claims (1)

1. an oranges and tangerines seedling propagation method, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:

1) seed collection: gather stock seed, cleans impurity and pectin, puts shady and cool ventilation place and dry in the shade until seed turns white, and adopt clean pure river sand and seed mixing to stack, seed and river sand ratio are 1:5, and river sand is containing water gaging 15 ~ 20%;

2) sow: in canopy, sowing control temperature is 14 ^oc ~ 16 ^oC, outdoor sowing is in 9 ~ October or 2 ~ March, and sowing is front with 20 ^oC~ 22 ^oCwater soaking, then carry out sterilizing, then soak vernalization in 2-4 days with rare solution;

3) anvil transplantation of seedlings: transplant when anvil seedling grows 5-6 month, transplanting time is spring or autumn again, transplants nursery every 700 square metres of 1-1.5 ten thousand strain;

4) management after transplanting

Rootstock seedling should be poured water after transplanting immediately, after plant to be planted starts to walk root, gradation applies fertilizer, intertill and clean tillage before fertilising, keeps loosing soil, without weeds, fertilization time is in February, the 5-6 month, July and August, pour water in time during arid, the pinching when anvil seedling summer shoot pumping to 10 ~ 15 centimetre, with the thickening growth of short anvil seedling, rudiment in removing liftoff 15 centimetres of trunk and acupuncture, prevent and treat the diseases such as damping off and the insect pest such as two spotted spider mite, leaf miner in time;

5) grafting prepares: in oranges and tangerines improved variety scion female parent, selection kind is pure, the lemon of high and stable yield is as scion-seed tree, and scion should pick up from the annual lignified spring tip in middle and upper part and periphery or the autumn growth of tree crown, after scion is adopted, blade should be cut off, retain petiole, every 50 are bundled into a bundle, with wet cloth parcel, put into bag film temporarily to preserve, the acupuncture in liftoff for anvil seedling 17 centimetres, branch are wiped out;

6) grafting: adopt bud grafting method grafting, grafting part is 5-15 centimeters overhead, by horizontal for stock partial application, deeply reaches xylem, long 1 centimetre, from the vertical partial application downwards of transverse incision central part, long 1.5 centimetres, cortex is pushed aside, insert bud sheet, tie up with grafting film, expose eye;

7) grafting management: spring grafting, after connecing, inspection in 10-20 days survives situation, and reviver then only exposes eye, allows it sprout, and non-reviver then complete solution, except binder, carries out benefit immediately and connects; Grafting in autumn, when spring next year, resin started to flow, untie binder inspection and survive, all solutions is except the time of binder is at 25-30 days.