CN103338946A - 轮胎和轮胎制造方法 - Google Patents

轮胎和轮胎制造方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103338946A
CN103338946A CN201280007495XA CN201280007495A CN103338946A CN 103338946 A CN103338946 A CN 103338946A CN 201280007495X A CN201280007495X A CN 201280007495XA CN 201280007495 A CN201280007495 A CN 201280007495A CN 103338946 A CN103338946 A CN 103338946A
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Prior art keywords
tire
thermoplastic material
painted member
tire body
painted
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CN201280007495XA
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CN103338946B (zh
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河野好秀
今誓志
长谷川圭一
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Bridgestone Corp
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Bridgestone Corp
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60CVEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
    • B60C13/00Tyre sidewalls; Protecting, decorating, marking, or the like, thereof
    • B60C13/001Decorating, marking or the like
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1429Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1432Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface direct heating of the surfaces to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/20Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror"
    • B29C65/2053Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror" characterised by special ways of bringing the welding mirrors into position
    • B29C65/2061Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror" characterised by special ways of bringing the welding mirrors into position by sliding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
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    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
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    • B29C66/5326Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars said single elements being substantially flat
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/733General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, e.g. fluorescence, phosphorescence
    • B29C66/7332General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, e.g. fluorescence, phosphorescence at least one of the parts to be joined being coloured
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
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    • B29C66/81411General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat
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Abstract

为了简单地制造不因行驶而褪色的轮胎,作为轮胎(10)的骨架构件的轮胎壳体(17)通过使用包含着色剂的着色了的第一热塑性材料注射成型形成。能够简单地制造不因行驶而褪色的轮胎。

Description

轮胎和轮胎制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种装配到轮辋的轮胎和轮胎制造方法。特别地,本发明涉及至少一部分是由热塑性材料形成的轮胎和相应的轮胎制造方法。
背景技术
已知的用于诸如乘用车等车辆的充气轮胎由例如橡胶、有机纤维材料和钢构件构成。
然而,用过的橡胶在回收利用方面受限,例如通过具有热回收的焚烧或通过撕碎用作路面材料来处理橡胶。
最近,从轻量化和便于回收的观点来看,需要使用例如热塑树脂和热塑性弹性体作为轮胎材料。
例如,专利文献1公开了一种由热塑性聚合物材料成型的充气轮胎。
采用热塑性聚合物材料的轮胎较容易制造并且比橡胶制成的传统轮胎成本低。
专利文献1:日本特开03-143701号公报
发明内容
发明要解决的问题
在传统的橡胶制成的充气轮胎中,胎侧的橡胶几乎总是包含炭黑的黑橡胶。
已提出多种将设计或彩色图案应用到这种橡胶充气轮胎的方法。
为了给黑橡胶充气轮胎着色,一个这种方法包括当成型轮胎时层叠彩色橡胶,然而,这种方法包括复杂的过程并使得制造困难。此外,在这种方法中,颜色是在制造时决定的,因而很难提供多种类的选择。
可考虑在轮胎在模具中成型和硫化期间插入例如片材,然而,这样带来了诸如硫化成型期间的片材倾斜和由于存在影响橡胶流动的片材而使得橡胶注射变得较困难的问题。
也可考虑在硫化后用粘合剂等将标签固定在轮胎上,然而,出现由于伴随轮胎转动的弯曲而产生使该标签剥离的问题。
因此,有各种对橡胶充气轮胎的胎侧部着色的方法,然而各方法具有各自的缺点。
在由热塑性材料构成的充气轮胎中,由于构造这种轮胎的材料完全不同,因此,不能采用用于橡胶充气轮胎的着色方法。用粘合剂粘贴的片材的剥离问题,即,颜色脱离的问题仍然未解决。
为了解决上述问题,本发明的目标是提供一种有由热塑树脂构成、能够简单地制造并且在行驶期间不褪色的轮胎和对应的轮胎制造方法。
用于解决问题的方案
第一方面的轮胎为至少一部分由包含着色剂的热塑性材料形成的轮胎。
接着,说明根据第一方面的轮胎的操作。
热塑性材料本身通常为透明或半透明的材料,然而,在根据第一方面的轮胎中,用着色剂对热塑性材料着色。
在根据第一方法的轮胎中,由于通过着色剂对热塑性材料着色,在行驶期间颜色不脱落。
此外,由于着色的热塑性材料能够通过仅将着色剂混合到热塑性材料而构成,因此能够简单地制造彩色轮胎。
第二方面的轮胎制造方法包括:将着色剂添加到热塑性材料的着色过程;以及通过使用包含所述着色剂的所述热塑性材料形成轮胎的至少一部分的成形过程。
接着,说明根据第二方面的轮胎制造方法的操作。
首先,在着色过程中将着色剂添加到热塑性材料。
在成形过程中,轮胎的至少一部分采用包括着色剂的热塑性材料形成。
因此,能够有效地制造至少一部分是由着色的热塑性材料部分形成的彩色轮胎。
第三方面的轮胎包括:轮胎主体,所述轮胎主体的至少一部分是由第一热塑性材料形成的;以及着色构件,所述着色构件由包含着色剂的第二热塑性材料形成,所述着色构件热熔接到所述轮胎主体的由所述第一热塑性材料形成的部分的表面。
接着,说明第三方面的轮胎的操作。
在第三方面的轮胎中,由包含着色剂的第二热塑性材料形成的着色构件通过热熔接牢固地接合到轮胎主体的由第一热塑性材料形成的部分的表面。因此,即使具有归因于行驶的反复变形,也不用担心像在用粘合剂将片状着色构件粘贴到轮胎主体的传统技术的轮胎中所看到的那样在行驶期间着色构件从轮胎主体剥离或颜色脱落。
归因于着色构件热熔接到轮胎主体,能够有效地制造彩色轮胎。
第四方面的轮胎制造方法包括:熔融过程,其对至少一部分是由第一热塑性材料形成的轮胎主体的由所述第一热塑性材料形成的部分的表面和由包含着色剂的第二热塑性材料形成的着色构件中的至少一方加热;软化或熔融所述轮胎主体的所述表面和所述着色构件的表面中的至少一方;以及熔接过程,其使所述轮胎主体与所述着色构件相接触,并且将所述轮胎主体和所述着色构件熔接到一起。
接着,说明根据第四方面的轮胎制造方法的操作。
首先,在熔融过程中,对至少一部分是由第一热塑性材料形成的轮胎主体的由第一热塑性材料形成部分的表面和由包含着色剂的第二热塑性材料形成的着色构件中的至少一方加热,并且软化或熔融由第一热塑性材料形成的部分表面和着色构件的表面中的至少一方。
在熔接过程中,轮胎主体和着色构件相接触,并且将轮胎主体和着色构件熔接到一起。
能够简单地制造彩色轮胎。注意,通过制备多种不同颜色的着色构件能够容易地制造多种颜色的轮胎。
此外,在这种方法制造的轮胎中,由于由包含着色剂的第二热塑性材料形成的着色构件被热熔接到轮胎主体的由第一热塑性材料形成的部分的表面,即使行驶时反复变形也不用担心着色构件从轮胎主体剥落。
第五方面的轮胎制造方法是第四方面的轮胎制造方法,其中:所述着色构件被构造为片状并且被临时固定在耐热性高于所述第二热塑性材料的耐热性的基片;并且在所述熔接过程中,使所述着色构件接触所述轮胎主体,并且通过将所述基片压向所述轮胎主体使所述轮胎主体和所述着色构件熔接到一起。
接着,说明根据第五方面的轮胎制造方法的操作。
在熔接过程中,将着色构件放置为与轮胎主体接触,并且通过将基片压向轮胎主体而使轮胎主体和着色构件熔接到一起。注意,一旦轮胎主体和着色构件已熔接到一起,剥离并移除基片。
片状着色构件柔软并易于变形,然而归因于着色构件被临时固定到基片,能够容易的操作着色构件。
第六方面的轮胎是第一方面或第三方面中任一项的轮胎,所述第一热塑性材料和所述第二热塑性材料为相同类型的热塑性材料。
接着,说明根据第六方面的轮胎的操作。
归因于第一热塑性材料和第二热塑性材料彼此为相同类型的热塑性材料,轮胎主体和着色构件之间的接合(熔接)强度高于不同类型的热塑性材料熔接在一起的情况。
第七方面的轮胎制造方法为第四方面或第五方面中任一项的轮胎制造方面,所述第一热塑性材料和所述第二热塑性材料为相同类型的热塑性材料。
接着,说明根据第七方面的轮胎制造方法的操作。
归因于第一热塑性材料和第二热塑性材料彼此为相同类型的热塑性材料,与不同类型的热塑性材料熔接在一起的情况相比较,能够提高轮胎主体和着色构件之间的接合(熔接)强度。
第八方面的轮胎制造方法为第四方面、第五方面或第七方面中任一项的轮胎制造方法,在所述熔融过程中,通过加热的加热构件对所述轮胎主体和所述着色构件中的至少一方加热。
接着,说明根据第八方面的轮胎制造方法的操作。
在熔融过程中,通过加热的加热构件给轮胎主体和着色构件中至少一方加热,软化或熔融轮胎主体和着色构件中至少一方的表面。
通过诸如电加热器等只要能够加热的任意简单的设备能够对轮胎主体和着色构件中任意一方加热。
第九方面的轮胎制造方法为第八方面的轮胎制造方法,所述加热构件包括遵循所述着色构件的熔接位置的外表面的形状的外表面。
接着,说明根据第九方面的轮胎制造方法的操作。
由于轮胎的胎侧部为弯曲的,当例如平板形加热构件接近轮胎的胎侧部时,加热构件和轮胎的胎侧部之间的间隔不均一,靠近加热构件的部分和远离加热构件的部分之间给予的加热量将不同,不能实现熔接位置的均一加热。
加热构件的外表面构造为遵循着色构件的熔接位置的外表面的形状的形状,使得在加热构件接近熔接位置时加热构件和熔接位置之间的间隔保持均一,由此使熔接位置的加热均一,并且以均一的方式使熔接位置软化或熔融。
第十方面的轮胎包括:轮胎主体,所述轮胎主体的至少一部分是由热塑性材料形成的;以及着色构件,所述着色构件是由包含着色剂的材料形成的,并且所述着色构件热熔接到所述轮胎主体的表面。
接着,说明根据第十方面的轮胎的操作。
在第十方面的轮胎中,由包含着色剂的材料形成的着色构件通过热熔接牢固地接合到轮胎主体的由热塑性材料形成的部分的表面。因此,即使行驶时反复变形,也不用担心像在用粘合剂将片状着色构件粘贴到轮胎主体的传统技术的轮胎中所看到的那样在行驶期间着色构件从轮胎主体剥离或颜色脱落。归因于着色构件热熔接到轮胎主体,能够有效地制造彩色轮胎。
第十一方面的轮胎制造方法包括:熔融过程,其对至少一部分是由热塑性材料形成的轮胎主体的由所述热塑性材料形成的部分的表面加热并且软化或熔融所述表面;以及熔接过程,其使所述轮胎主体接触由包含着色剂的材料形成的着色构件,并且将所述轮胎主体和所述着色构件熔接到一起。
接着,说明根据第十一方面的轮胎的操作。
首先,在熔融过程中,对至少一部分是由第一热塑性材料形成的轮胎主体的由第一热塑性材料形成的部分加热,并且软化或熔融表面。
在熔接过程中,使轮胎主体(软化的或熔融的第一热塑性材料部分)和加热构件接触到一起,并且使轮胎主体和加热构件熔接在一起。
因此,能够简单地制造彩色轮胎。注意,通过制备多种不同颜色的着色构件能够容易地制造多种颜色的轮胎。
此外,在这种方法制造的轮胎中,由于由包含着色剂的材料形成的着色构件被热熔接到由热塑性材料形成的部分的表面,即使行驶时反复变形也不用担心着色构件从轮胎主体剥落。
发明的有益效果
通过构成上述第一方面的轮胎,实现制造简单并且在行驶期间颜色不脱落。
根据第二方面的轮胎制造方法,能够有效地得到至少一部分是由着色的热塑性材料形成的彩色轮胎。
通过构造上述第三方面的轮胎,实现制造简单并且在行驶期间颜色不脱落。
根据第四方面的轮胎制造方法,能够有效地制造行驶期间颜色不脱落的彩色轮胎。
根据第五方面的轮胎制造方法,能够容易地处理片状的着色构件。
通过构造上述第六方面的轮胎,与不同类型的热塑性材料熔接到一起时相比,能够达到轮胎主体和着色构件之间的更高的接合强度。
根据第七方面的轮胎制造方法,能够有效地制造轮胎主体和着色构件之间的高接合强度的轮胎。
根据第八方面的轮胎制造方法,使用简单的设备能够将轮胎主体和着色构件有效地熔接在一起。
根据第九方面的轮胎制造方法,能够均一地加热熔接位置,并且能够均一地软化或熔融熔接位置。
通过构造上述第十方面的轮胎,实现制造简单并且在行驶期间颜色不脱落。
根据第十一方面的轮胎制造方法,能够有效地制造行驶期间颜色不脱落的彩色轮胎。
附图说明
图1A是示出根据本发明的示例性实施方式的轮胎的部分的截面的立体图。
图1B是装配到轮辋的胎圈部的截面图。
图2是示出根据第二示例性实施方式的轮胎的部分的截面的立体图。
图3是示出临时固定到基片的着色片的示例的平面图。
图4是示出熔接过程的说明图。
图5是根据第二示例性实施方式的轮胎(在熔接着色片之前)的侧视图。
图6是根据另一个示例性实施方式的加热构件的侧视图。
具体实施方式
第一示例性实施方式
下面,参考附图说明根据本发明的轮胎的第一示例性实施方式。
如图1A和图1B所示,本示例性实施方式的轮胎10具有与车辆用的传统的橡胶制成的常规充气轮胎相似的截面形状。
轮胎10设置有包括一对胎圈部12、胎侧部14和胎冠部16的轮胎壳体(轮胎骨架构件)17,胎圈部12与胎圈座21和轮辋20的轮辋凸缘22相接触,胎侧部14从胎圈部12向轮胎径向外侧延伸,胎冠部16将一侧的胎胎侧部14的轮胎径向外侧端与另一侧的胎侧部14的轮胎径向外侧端连接到一起。
本示例性实施方式的轮胎壳体17由第一热塑性材料形成。
通过将作为在轮胎赤道面部彼此面对对齐的轮胎构成构件的轮胎半主体17A接合在一起的方式形成本示例性实施方式的轮胎壳体17。轮胎半主体17A是由一个胎圈部12、一个胎侧部14和半宽的胎冠部16在例如模具中一体成型的,并且轮胎半主体17A被构造为彼此形状相似的圆环形。在轮辋之间形成气室。注意,轮胎壳体17并不限于由2个构件接合在一起形成,例如,可通过将诸如一个胎圈部12和胎侧部14结合在一起的第一构件、与胎面部(轮胎外周部)相对应的第二构件以及另一个胎圈部12和胎侧部14接合在一起的第三构件等3个以上的构件接合在一起形成轮胎壳体17。轮胎壳体17也可由一对胎圈部12、一对胎侧部14和胎冠部16一体成型。
也可通过将增强材料(例如聚合物材料或金属纤维、帘线、无纺织物或机织织物)埋设到轮胎壳体17(例如胎圈部12、胎侧部14和胎冠部16等组件中)的方式使用增强材料增强轮胎壳体17。
可被用作第一热塑性材料的材料的示例包括热塑树脂或热塑性弹性体(TPE),考虑诸如行驶时所需的弹性和制造时的成型性的因素,优选地采用热塑性弹性体。
热塑性弹性体的示例包括:如JIS K6418中定义的,酰胺类热塑性弹性体(TPA);酯类热塑性弹性体(TPC);烯烃类热塑性弹性体(TPO);苯乙烯类热塑性弹性体(TPS);聚氨酯类热塑性弹性体(TPU);热塑性硫化橡胶(TPV);其他热塑性弹性体(TPZ)。
热塑性树脂的示例包括:聚氨酯树脂、烯烃类树脂、氯乙烯树脂和聚酰胺树脂。
对于这种热塑性材料,例如,可采用具有ISO75-2或ASTM D648中规定的78℃以上的热挠曲温度(heat deflection temperature)(当施加0.45MPa的负载时),JIS K7113中规定的10MPa以上的拉伸屈服强度(tensile yieldstrength),同样在JIS K7113中规定的10%以上的拉伸屈服伸长率(tensile yieldelongation),同样在JIS K7113中规定的50%以上的断裂时的拉伸伸长率(JISK7113),以及JIS K7206中规定的130℃以上的维卡软化温度(A方法)的材料。
由第一热塑性材料构成的轮胎半主体17A可通过例如诸如真空成型、压成型、注射成型或熔铸的成型过程成型。与橡胶(硫化)成型的制造过程相比较,能够使制造过程大幅简化,使成型时间减短。此外,在本示例性实施方式中,由于轮胎半主体17A左右对称,即,由于一侧的轮胎半主体17A和另一侧的轮胎半主体17A被构造为相同的形状,因此,具有能够使用一种类型的模具成型轮胎半主体17A的优势。
与传统的一般的充气轮胎的钢丝帘线类似的钢丝帘线构成的圆环形胎圈芯18埋设于本示例性实施方式的胎圈部12中,然而,只要能够确保胎圈部12的刚性并且与轮辋20的装配没有问题,胎圈芯18可以省略。注意,胎圈芯18可由除钢丝以外的帘线或材料形成,例如由有机纤维帘线形成。
在本示例性实施方式中,由具有优于第一热塑树脂的密封特性的橡胶构成的圆环形密封层24形成于胎圈部12和轮辋20之间的接触部分,至少形成于胎圈部12与轮辋20的轮辋凸缘22相接触的部分。密封层24也可形成于胎圈部12与胎圈座相接触的部分。优选地,形成密封层24所采用的橡胶是与传统的一般的橡胶充气轮胎的胎圈部外面采用的橡胶相同类型的橡胶。只要采用单独的热塑树脂能够确保对轮辋20的密封特性,可省略橡胶密封层24,也可采用具有优于形成胎侧部14的第一热塑树脂的密封特性的另一类型的热塑树脂。
以螺旋形式卷曲的钢丝增强帘线26构成的胎冠部增强层28埋设于胎冠部16。注意,全部增强帘线26可埋设于胎冠部16,或增强帘线26的一部分可埋设于胎冠部16。胎冠部增强层28相当于布置于传统的橡胶充气轮胎的胎体的外周面的带束。
由耐磨耗特性优于形成胎侧部14的第一热塑性材料的耐磨耗特性的橡胶构成的胎面橡胶层30布置于胎冠部增强层28的外周侧。优选地,胎面橡胶层30采用的橡胶是与传统的橡胶充气轮用的橡胶相同类型的橡胶。注意,由耐磨耗特性优于形成胎侧部14的第一热塑性材料的耐磨耗特性的另一种类型的热塑性材料构成的胎面层也可设置在该外周部。本示例性实施方式的胎面橡胶层30采用在一般橡胶充气轮胎中采用的黑色橡胶,然而,也可采用除了黑色以外的其他颜色的橡胶。
在本示例性实施方式的轮胎10中,用着色剂对形成轮胎壳体17的第一热塑性材料着色。用于热塑性材料的公知的着色剂可用作着色剂,并且通过将着色剂与第一热塑性材料的(未着色的)原材料相混合能够得到着色的第一热塑性材料。一般的公知的方法可用于将着色剂和第一热塑性材料相混合的过程(本发明的着色过程)。
红色着色剂、黄色着色剂、蓝色着色剂、绿色着色剂和白色着色剂的具体示例包括聚氨酯类调色剂和弹性体用着色剂。黑色着色剂的具体示例包括炭黑。
注意,显然可使用其他颜色的着色剂来对第一热塑性材料着色,并且显然可将多个着色剂混合在一起。
上述的具体示例,例如荧光材料(在例如紫外线的照射下发光)和夜光材料(被光照射,在光照停止后发光)也包括在本发明的着色剂中。
操作
接着,说明本示例性实施方式的轮胎10的操作。
在本示例性实施方式的轮胎10中,由于轮胎壳体17由已通过着色剂着色的第一热塑性材料形成,因而颜色不会由于行驶而脱落。此外,仅仅通过将着色剂与第一热塑性材料混合就能够简单地制造彩色轮胎。
因为轮胎壳体17由被着色的第一热塑性材料形成,轮胎10具有优异的设计性能。
注意,在本示例性实施方式中,因为轮胎壳体17通过接合2个轮胎半主体17A形成,一个轮胎半主体17A和另一个轮胎半主体17A之间的颜色可能不同。
和着色剂一样,通常可混入合成树脂的各种微粒(例如,金属粉末)可混入第一热塑性材料。将金属粉末等混入第一热塑性材料能够使第一热塑性材料达到珍珠光泽(finish)或金属光泽。
混入第一热塑性材料的各种类型的荧光材料能够在紫外线的照射下发出各种颜色的光并且能够形成引入注目的外观。
将诸如金属粉末的微粒混入第一热塑性材料能够得到珍珠光泽或金属光泽的外观。
此外,显然地,除了着色剂外,荧光材料、夜光材料以及微粒中的一种或多种可混入第一热塑性材料。
第二示例性实施方式
接着,说明根据本发明的轮胎的第二示例性实施方式。注意,与第一示例性实施方式相似的构造赋予相同的附图标记,省略与第一示例性实施方式相似的构造的说明。
如图2所示,在本示例性实施方式的轮胎10中,已着色的着色片32熔接到轮胎壳体17的侧面。注意,本发明的轮胎主体是指未熔接着色片32的轮胎10。
着色片32由已用着色剂着色的第二热塑性材料形成。
着色片32采用的第二热塑性材料可采用与轮胎壳体17中采用的第一热塑性材料采用的着色剂相似的着色剂。注意,优选地,着色片32中采用的第二热塑性材料为与轮胎壳体17中采用的第一热塑性材料相同类型的热塑性材料,然而,着色片32中采用的第二热塑性材料也可为不同类型的热塑性材料。
着色片32的第二热塑性材料用的着色剂可为用于对轮胎壳体17的第一热塑性材料着色的着色剂的相同类型的着色剂。
在本示例性实施方式中,着色片32的颜色不同于轮胎壳体17的颜色,然而,着色片32和轮胎壳体17可为相同的颜色。着色片32的形状不限于图2和图3中所示的形状,可采用诸如文字、标识、图像或符号等其他形状。
接着,说明将着色片32熔接到轮胎10的轮胎壳体17的方法。
(1)如图3所示,预先将着色片32临时固定到基片34。将粘合剂等涂布在基片34上,通过该粘合剂等临时固定着色片32。基片34是耐热性优于着色片32的耐热性的片状构件,基片34采用在着色片32的第二热塑性材料的熔融温度下不变软或不熔融的、诸如纸、织布或合成树脂片的片材。
(2)使用诸如由例如通过嵌入的电加热器加热的金属板形成的平板状加热构件36加热,以软化(达到允许熔接的水平)或熔融轮胎壳体17的着色片的预定的熔接位置和着色片32中的至少一方(熔融过程)。然后,通过将着色片32放置成以面向预定的熔接位置的方式与轮胎壳体17相接触并且使用加压构件42将基片34压向轮胎壳体17或在滚动压辊(图中未示出)的同时将基片34压向轮胎壳体17,将着色片32和轮胎壳体17熔接在一起(熔接过程)。
注意,加热构件36只要能够软化或熔融预定的熔接位置就足够了,不一定要接触被加热的部分。
注意,为了方便定位着色片32,如图5所示,用于粘贴(多个)着色片32的粘贴区域40可设置于轮胎10的胎侧部14。本示例性实施方式的粘贴区域40被构成为些微凸起的框架形,然而,也可采用其他构造。
注意,优选地,粘贴区域40设置于不影响轮胎粘贴标签(例如,通过在表面上以起伏的形式形成诸如轮胎尺寸、制造商、表示转动方向的符号和商品名等法律所规定的标签)的部分。
优选地,在熔接前使用诸如酒精的溶剂预先清理轮胎壳体17和着色片32的熔接位置。为了便于熔接,可在熔接位置实施例如电晕处理和/或紫外线处理。在轮胎壳体17的熔接位置也可预先实施抛光研磨(buffing abrasion)。
(3)熔接后,在熔接部分实施自然通风冷却或通过例如风扇的强制通风冷却。在熔接部分的温度已下降并且第一热塑性材料和第二热塑性材料已完全硬化后,从轮胎壳体的表面移除基片34。因而,完成熔接有着色片32的轮胎10。
操作
在本示例性实施方式的轮胎10中,由于由包含着色剂的第二热塑性材料形成的着色片32被熔接到轮胎壳体17的表面,即使行驶时轮胎10反复变形也不用担心着色片32从轮胎壳体17剥落。
注意,着色片32的形状可被构成为与轮胎的胎侧部(胎圈部12、胎侧部14)的尺寸相符合的圆环形并且着色片32可被熔接到轮胎的胎侧部。这种做法能够简易地使轮胎的胎侧部的颜色变化。准备各种颜色的着色片32能够容易地改变轮胎10的颜色,使得没有必要备存不同颜色的多种类型的轮胎10。因此能够减小占有的库存空间,使库存管理变得较容易。
在本示例性实施方式的方法中,已着色的着色片32能够简单的应用于预先制造的轮胎10,由此能够在诸如零售店实施上述过程(2)~(4)。在零售店等通过热熔接对轮胎10进行各种颜色的改变和各种标识、文字等的贴附能够简单地实现轮胎10的外部设计的变化或改进。
也就是,采用本示例性实施方式的方法允许用户在轮胎零售店从多种图案和颜色中选择他们最喜爱的设计的着色片32,并且将着色片熔接到用户优选的位置。
注意,通过熔融而非软化轮胎壳体17和着色片32的熔接位置,能够得到较高的接合强度。此外,,通过加热以软化或熔融轮胎壳体17和着色片32两者而非仅仅软化或熔融轮胎壳体17和着色片32中的一个,能够得到较高的接合强度。优选地,在熔融的热塑性材料彼此接触时,通过在轮胎壳体17的第一热塑性材料和着色片32的热塑性材料之间设置轮胎壳体17的第一热塑性材料和着色片32的第二热塑性材料混合在一起的混合层,提高接合强度。
在上述示例性实施方式中,采用平板形加热构件36加热轮胎壳体17,然而,也可采用如图6所示的弯曲成遵循胎侧部14的曲线的形状的加热构件36。采用这种加热构件16使得加热构件36和胎侧部14之间的间隔均一,能够使胎侧部14的加热均一并且使表面的软化或熔融均一。
在上述示例性实施方式中,采用加热构件36软化或熔融轮胎壳体17和/或着色片32,然而,不具体限制加热第一和第二热塑性材料的方法,而可通过例如热风、红外线灯或激光束软化或熔融轮胎壳体17和/或着色片32。
在上述示例性实施方式的轮胎10中,橡胶形成的胎面橡胶层30设置于由第一热塑性材料构成的轮胎壳体17的外周面,然而,胎面橡胶层30可为第一热塑性材料或另一种类型的热塑性材料构成的胎面层。注意,可使用与轮胎壳体17的着色剂相似的着色剂对胎面层的热塑性材料着色,并且热塑性材料构成的胎面层和轮胎壳体17可为彼此相同的颜色,或者可为彼此不同的颜色。
注意,通过将2个轮胎半主体17A接合到一起形成本示例性实施方式的轮胎壳体17,然而,轮胎壳体17可由3个以上的热塑性材料构件构成,每个构件具有不同的颜色或所有构件具有相同的颜色。
第一热塑性材料和第二热塑性材料可由相同类型的热塑性材料构成,或可由不同类型的热塑性材料构成,并且第一热塑性材料的熔融点和第二热塑性材料的熔融点可彼此相同或者可彼此不同,并且无论哪一方能够熔融就够了。
着色片32可由通过单一材料构成的单层结构构成,或者可由不同材料的多层结构构成。优选地,当着色片32由不同材料的多层结构构成时,着色片32的熔接到轮胎壳体17的一侧的层由热塑性材料形成。
在上述示例性实施方式的轮胎10中,轮胎壳体17由第一热塑性材料形成并且胎面部由橡胶形成,然而,胎面部可由除橡胶以外的诸如热塑性材料的材料形成,并且轮胎整体可由热塑性材料形成。
在上述第二示例性实施方式中描述的,轮胎壳体17是由第一热塑性材料形成的,着色片32是由第二热塑性材料形成的,两者都是由热塑性材料构成的,然而,只要轮胎壳体17和着色片32能被熔接到一起,并且能够得到充分的接合强度,使得轮胎壳体17和着色片32在行驶期间不会彼此分离,则轮胎壳体17和着色片32中的任一方可由热塑性材料以外的材料(例如,柔软的热硬化材料(热固树胶))形成。
上述示例性实施方式的轮胎10为所谓的充气轮胎,然而,本发明也可用于非充气轮胎(实心轮胎)。此外,本发明不限于用于乘用车,也可适用于诸如两轮车用的其他轮胎。
已提供了关于本发明的示例性实施方式的说明,然而,本发明不限于上述实施方式,显然可在不脱离本发明的主旨的范围内实施除了这些上述实施方式以外的各种变型例。
附图标记说明
10轮胎(轮胎、轮胎主体)
17轮胎壳体(轮胎骨架构件、热塑性材料、第一热塑性材料)
32着色片(着色构件、第二热塑性材料)
34基片
36加热构件

Claims (11)

1.一种轮胎,其中,该轮胎的至少一部分是由包含着色剂的热塑性材料形成的。
2.一种轮胎制造方法,其包括:
将着色剂添加到热塑性材料的着色过程;以及
通过使用包含所述着色剂的所述热塑性材料形成轮胎的至少一部分的成形过程。
3.一种轮胎,其包括:
轮胎主体,所述轮胎主体的至少一部分是由第一热塑性材料形成的;以及
着色构件,所述着色构件由包含着色剂的第二热塑性材料形成,所述着色构件热熔接到所述轮胎主体的由所述第一热塑性材料形成的部分的表面。
4.一种轮胎制造方法,其包括:
熔融过程,其对至少一部分是由第一热塑性材料形成的轮胎主体的由所述第一热塑性材料形成的部分的表面和由包含着色剂的第二热塑性材料形成的着色构件中的至少一方加热;软化或熔融所述轮胎主体的所述表面和所述着色构件的表面中的至少一方;以及
熔接过程,其使所述轮胎主体与所述着色构件相接触,并且将所述轮胎主体和所述着色构件熔接到一起。
5.根据权利要求4所述的轮胎制造方法,其特征在于:
所述着色构件被构造为片状并且被临时固定在耐热性高于所述第二热塑性材料的耐热性的基片;并且
在所述熔接过程中,使所述着色构件接触所述轮胎主体,并且通过将所述基片压向所述轮胎主体使所述轮胎主体和所述着色构件熔接到一起。
6.根据权利要求1或3所述的轮胎,其特征在于,所述第一热塑性材料和所述第二热塑性材料为相同类型的热塑性材料。
7.根据权利要求4或5所述的轮胎制造方法,其特征在于,所述第一热塑性材料和所述第二热塑性材料为相同类型的热塑性材料。
8.根据权利要求4、5和7中任一项所述的轮胎制造方法,其特征在于,在所述熔融过程中,通过加热的加热构件对所述轮胎主体和所述着色构件中的至少一方加热。
9.根据权利要求8所述的轮胎制造方法,其特征在于,所述加热构件包括遵循所述着色构件的熔接位置的外表面的形状的外表面。
10.一种轮胎,其包括:
轮胎主体,所述轮胎主体的至少一部分是由热塑性材料形成的;以及
着色构件,所述着色构件是由包含着色剂的材料形成的,并且所述着色构件热熔接到所述轮胎主体的表面。
11.一种轮胎制造方法,其包括:
熔融过程,其对至少一部分是由热塑性材料形成的轮胎主体的由所述热塑性材料形成的部分的表面加热并且软化或熔融所述表面;以及
熔接过程,其使所述轮胎主体接触由包含着色剂的材料形成的着色构件,并且将所述轮胎主体和所述着色构件熔接到一起。
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