CN103300257A - Artificial feed for bactrocera dorsalis larvas - Google Patents
Artificial feed for bactrocera dorsalis larvas Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an artificial feed for bactrocera dorsalis larvas. The artificial feed comprises the following components: a main agent, a filling agent, a preservative, an acidity regulator and water, wherein the main agent contains beer yeast and cane sugar; the filling agent contains wheat bran, finely crushed corn particles and sanitary paper pulp; the preservative contains methyl parahydroxybenzoats; the acidity regulator contains hydrochloric acid and an alkaline neutralizer or an acid neutralizer. The artificial feed for the bactrocera dorsalis larvas is simple, efficient, economical, practical, and easy to operate; the technical problem for largely and artificially feeding the bactrocera dorsalis indoors is completely solved, a large amount of uniformly-developing bactrocera dorsalis larva sources to be tested are provided for a steaming and quarantine treatment technology of mangoes and pawpaws exported to Japan, an important technical support is provided for smoothly exporting Chinese mangoes and pawpaws to Japan, important larva sources to be tested are provided for each future scientific experiment of the bactrocera dorsalis, the development of an artificial feeding technology of the Chinese bactrocera dorsalis is effectively promoted, and therefore, the organic combination of ecological, economical and social benefits is realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural biological technical field, be specifically related to a kind of good citrus fruit fly larva artificial feed prescription.
Background technology
Citrus fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel, claim again orient fruit fly, belong to Diptera Diptera, Tephritidae Tephritidae, Dacinae Dacinae, Bactrocera Bactrocera Macquart can endanger 46 sections, 250 various fruits, flowers and vegetables, for the inward plant quarantine harmful organism of China, be to have a kind of international quarantine insect that Important Economic is learned meaning.Citrus fruit fly originates in and is distributed in India and the Malay Peninsula, mainly be distributed in Tropical Asian and subtropical zone, day by day frequent along with Global climate change and international trade contact, its distribution enlarges gradually, has now become the dangerous fruits and vegetables insect of China, Southeast Asia, the Indian subcontinent and Hawaiian Islands one band.Citrus fruit fly also is the trend of expansion in the damaging range of China, and the sign that has north to expand.Because China some areas are the epidemic-stricken area of citrus fruit fly, the fruit of China, vegetables and flower export are severely limited.Citrus fruit fly is mainly laid eggs at fruit by adult, and the fresh fruit meat of causing harm in fruit of the larva after the hatching causes fruit rot, shedding, has a strong impact on the quality and yield of fruit, has brought huge loss to agricultural production.
Along with deepening continuously and the development of Prevention Technique of the researchs such as citrus fruit fly biology, physiology, science of heredity, need to grow in a large number consistent supplying and try the worm source, and be subject to seasonal restrictions the impossible year-round supply of natural feed, therefore, exploration and research citrus fruit fly man-made feeds are just particularly important.The larva artificial feed that foreign scholar Finney formed with fresh carrot, sucrose, torula, antibiotic in 1956 has first successfully been raised the insects such as citrus fruit fly, but feed easily is subject to the pollution of microorganism; The scholars such as Mitchell use the larva artificial feed mass rearing citrus fruit fly that the dehydration carrot meal replaces fresh carrot to make instead in nineteen sixty-five, but with high costs; Vargas developed take economical and practical wheat bran as filler in nineteen eighty-three, and sucrose and yeast are the man-made feeds of host, successful mass rearing citrus fruit fly.But owing to domestic and international reasons such as man-made feeds standard difference and citrus fruit fly geographic difference, add diversity and the complexity of man-made feeds prescription, and the domestic research work factor such as start late, certain gap still arranged with comparing abroad.The domestic scholars king prolongs life at present, Yuan Shengyong, high-strength, the scholars such as Li Lili have obtained certain achievement in research to the research of citrus fruit fly larva artificial feed, but its prescription is only take wheat bran or other certain material as single filler, adopt the man-made feeds breeding grub of above-mentioned formulated, the physical behavior of its feed, comprise shape, hardness, water content and the uniformity etc. can not well satisfy the requirement of larva healthy development, the antisepsis of feed is not good enough simultaneously, later stage tends to go mouldy and produce peculiar smell, easy corrosion experiment equipment, infringement operating personnel's health.
In recent years State Administration for Quality Supervision and Inspection and Quarantine's requirement of repeatedly sending the documents, technical barrier is processed in the steaming quarantine that solves as early as possible China's export mango and pawpaw, to realize early the fresh fruits outlet such as domestic high-quality mango and papaya and to capture the overseas market.And according to the Japanese side requirement, citrus fruit fly quarantine steaming treatment measures, need to be provided as ten thousand more than one hundred million physiological standards consistent, the larva that vitality is vigorous, in view of domestic citrus fruit fly larva artificial feed present Research, and the urgency of utilizing the genetic improvement technology such as sterile technology and transgenosis to carry out citrus fruit fly genetic control technical research and apply, thereby develop good, economical and practical citrus fruit fly larva artificial feed, for the every scientific experimentation research of citrus fruit fly provide grow consistent a large amount of, the confession examination worm source of reliable in quality is the significant task of current citrus fruit fly artificial feeding technology.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of good citrus fruit fly larva artificial feed.Citrus fruit fly larvae feeds of the present invention is simply efficient, economic and practical, easy operating, thoroughly solved the technical barrier of citrus fruit fly indoors artificial mass rearing, provide consistent the supplying of a large amount of growths to try the worm source for failing day mango and pawpaw steaming quarantine treatment technology, for exporting Japan smoothly, China's mango and pawpaw provide important technical support, and provide important in examination worm source for citrus fruit fly every scientific experiment in the future, with the effectively development of China's trypetid artificial feeding technology of promotion, thereby realize combination ecological, the economic and social benefit three.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of citrus fruit fly larva artificial feed is provided, and composition comprises host, filler, anticorrisive agent, acidity regulator and water, best proportioning and concrete compound method, and its particular content is as follows:
1), host-brewer's yeast and sucrose
Each 25g of brewer's yeast and sucrose, wherein brewer's yeast mainly provides protein and the vitamin that citrus fruit fly is grown to be needed, and citrus fruit fly is grown essential B family vitamin; Sucrose is desirable carbon source, and carbohydrate mainly is provided, and is the necessary material that the citrus fruit fly normal growth is grown, on its larva go through the phase, the ontogeny parameters such as survival rate, percentage of pupation, eclosion rate all have appreciable impact, wherein sucrose is white sugar.
2), filler-wheat bran, corn particle in small, broken bits, health paper pulp
Filler corn particle 125g in small, broken bits, wheat bran 25g, health paper pulp 20g, for citrus fruit fly has replenished abundant nitrogenous source, part vitamin and crude fibre and unrighted acid, make the quality of feed can satisfy the characteristic of ingesting of its larva, and satisfy the packing action of citrus fruit fly nutrition quality and quantity.
3), anticorrisive agent-methyl p-hydroxybenzoate
Anticorrisive agent-methyl p-hydroxybenzoate 0.9g is killed various moulds in the feed, prevents that feed is putrid and deteriorated.
4), acidity regulator-hydrochloric acid
Acidity regulator-1mol/L hydrochloric acid 4ml, control feed pH value is 4.0-5.0 approximately, prevents growth of microorganism; Regulate feed viscosity, to adapt to the needs of ingesting.
5), water-400ml
Under normal operation, adopt the man-made feeds prescription (B20) after the present invention optimizes: corn particle in small, broken bits (cooking) 125g, wheat bran 25g, white sugar 25g, brewer's yeast 25g, health paper pulp 20g, 1mol/L hydrochloric acid 4ml, anticorrisive agent (methyl p-hydroxybenzoate) 0.9g, can guarantee its larva normal development, can keep again feed not go mouldy lastingly and free from extraneous odour, be suitable for the artificial mass rearing of indoor citrus fruit fly larva.Wherein corn and wheat bran are as filler, can replenish for larva and enrich comprehensive nutrition, taking food and growing good facilitation is all arranged its larva, also make the feed modest viscosity, being beneficial to larval growth grows, only solved with wheat bran as single filler, caused the not enough hypogenetic shortcoming of Larval foods; The reasonable use of hydrochloric acid and methyl p-hydroxybenzoate amount so that the man-made feeds after optimizing do not go mouldy, has thoroughly been eliminated peculiar smell, has solved corrosion instrument and equipment and the technical barrier that affects the personnel health.Wherein adopt fill a prescription its filial generation incubation rate of citrus fruit fly, percentage of pupation, eclosion rate and average pupa of the present invention heavily to be respectively; 81.17 ± 0.05%, 96.41 ± 0.02%, 94.85 ± 0.01%, 19.40 ± 0.08mg all apparently higher than the man-made feeds prescription of single filler, also obviously is better than the prescription take wheat bran and wheat germ as mixed filler.In 22 kinds of larva artificial feeds of test, obviously be better than man-made feeds prescription with single filler with the mixed filler prescription, wherein mixed filler wheat bran and corn formulation totally are better than wheat germ and wheat bran, wherein the feeding effect of A5, A13, B14 and B20 is better, but the filial generation incubation rate the highest (81.17% ± 0.05%) of B20, next is A5(79.83 ± 0.06%), heavy (19.40 ± 0.08) mg of the average pupa of B20 and eclosion rate (94.85 ± 0.01%) are apparently higher than A5 (13.61 ± 1.87) mg and (86.45 ± 0.04 %) but the present invention fills a prescription; From several indexs comprehensively relatively, the man-made feeds of citrus fruit fly larva are optimum with prescription B20.
Citrus fruit fly larva prescription of the present invention is simple efficient, economic and practical, easy operating, thoroughly solved the technical barrier of citrus fruit fly indoors artificial mass rearing, provide consistent the supplying of a large amount of growths to try the worm source for failing day mango and pawpaw steaming quarantine treatment technology, for exporting Japan smoothly, China's mango and pawpaw provide important technical support, and provide important in examination worm source for citrus fruit fly every scientific experiment in the future, with the effectively development of China's trypetid artificial feeding technology of promotion, thereby realize combination ecological, the economic and social benefit three.The present invention grows protein at the analysis-by-synthesis citrus fruit fly, carbohydrate, on the basis of the nutriment demands such as vitamin, (wound) is take corn flour and wheat bran as mixed filler first, and take into full account the physicochemical property of prescription feed to the impact of larvae development, by larvae feeds prescription quadrature Latin Optimum Experiment, the exploitation of innovation be fit to the good formulas of domestic citrus fruit fly larva artificial feeding, thoroughly solved the go mouldy technical barrier of generation peculiar smell of not enough and later stage of single filler nutritional labeling, for China pawpaw and mango outlet Japan quarantine treatment technology provide grow consistent a large amount of, the confession examination worm source of reliable in quality, and obtain Japanese side's approval, obtained good ecology, economic and social benefit.
The specific embodiment
For describe in detail citrus fruit fly larva artificial feed of the present invention prescription technology contents, operating process etc., be described further below in conjunction with embodiment.
Citrus fruit fly man-made feeds of the present invention, mainly comprise corn particle in small, broken bits (cooking) 125g, wheat bran 25g, white sugar 25g, brewer's yeast 25g, health paper pulp 20g, 1mol/L hydrochloric acid 4ml, anticorrisive agent (methyl p-hydroxybenzoate) 0.9g, its concrete preparation steps is as follows:
1) claim (amount) to get in the prescription various compositions with assay balance and pipettor stand-by;
2) paper handkerchief is put into breaks into even paper pulp in the automatic pulper;
3) with suitable quantity of water with white sugar, brewer's yeast and methyl hydroxybenzoate dissolving, mixing, slowly stir in the impouring paper pulp;
4) stir pouring in the hydrochloric acid again behind the above composition mixing;
5) with antalkali (calcium carbonate) or acid acceptor organic acid (acetic acid) man-made feeds that prepare are transferred to the pH value and be 4.0～5.0, for subsequent use;
6) about 10,000 ovum is evenly accessed in the man-made feeds, carry out the raising of larva about 20 days.
Other prescription compares (table 2) with the feeding effect that prescription of the present invention (table 1) reaches the citrus fruit fly larva,
Can obviously find out from table 2, the height of the quality of larva raising effect and the contained nutritional labeling of feed medium is closely related, and the main nutrient composition of wheat bran is aobvious to be lower than corn and wheat germ, therefore lower, the average pupa of filial generation incubation rate is heavy also less.In addition, the suitability degree of feed physicochemical character also is one of factor that affects larvae development, and is excessive as the man-made feeds viscosity that medium is mixed with wheat germ, thereby feeding effect is still undesirable; Wheat bran is made medium also its advantage, is rich in the required cellulose of larvae development, and good suction, water retention characteristic are conducive to improve the physicochemical character of solid-state feed.Blending agent corn+wheat bran is compared with wheat germ+wheat bran, and the general effect of raising citrus fruit fly is relatively better, except filial generation incubation rate and percentage of pupation the two roughly the same, the heavy and eclosion rate of average pupa all is higher than the latter.From several indexs comprehensively relatively, the man-made feeds of citrus fruit fly larva are optimum with B20.
Table 1 citrus fruit fly larva artificial feed formula table
Annotate: CK1-CK4 is domestic traditional Single Medium man-made feeds prescription; A5-A13 is wheat germ and wheat bran Latin orthogonal optimization prescription; B14-B22 is corn and wheat bran Latin orthogonal optimization prescription.
Table 2 different formulations man-made feeds are raised tangerine small grub effect relatively
Annotate: data are average ± standard deviations in the table, with indicating different letter representations behind the column data through Duncan ' s duncan's new multiple range method check otherness remarkable (P＜0.05)
Test method and biological parameter statistical description:
1) test method
Get and raise 66 in box, per 22 boxes are that a test repeats, and amount to 3 repetitions.On the paper handkerchief that 200 on every box access ovum is completed in the feed surface, cover with gobo again after covering lid, place under the condition of receptacle and raise.Larva namely pierces in the feed and takes food after the ovum hatching, grows to ripe.
2) percentage of pupation and average pupa are heavy
When most larvae development to 3 during age, it is on the support in the 150 cm basins that the larva raising box is placed diameter, the mature larva that has the spring habit after opening the lid is successively jumped in the water in basin, collect 3 instar larvaes 1 time every 1.5 h, each choosing wherein 100 put into the case of pupating and enter the slightly wet sand bed in bottom for it and pupate, after 3 d pupate to finish, sieve sand and get pupa.Record respectively and add up its pupa number and pupa gross weight, calculate its percentage of pupation heavy with average pupa.
Percentage of pupation (%)=pupa number/confession examination 3 instar larvae number * 100
Heavy (the mg)=pupa gross weight (mg) of average pupa/pupa number
3) eclosion rate
The citrus fruit fly pupa (counting) of collecting is put into the bottom be covered with the approximately clean wet husky plastic bowl (diameter 10cm) of 2cm of a layer depth, place in the rearging cage, after adult all sprouts wings, check the puparium number of having sprouted wings with record (=sprout wings into borer population) and the pupa number of emergence not, calculate its eclosion rate.
Eclosion rate (%)=sprout wings into borer population/confession to try pupa number * 100
4) filial generation incubation rate
Citrus fruit fly adult after the emergence is got in 200 accesses of ovum different formulations larva artificial feed and raises after raising enters the egg-laying season, and inspection record hatching larva number calculates its filial generation egg hatching rate behind 6 d.
Filial generation incubation rate (%)=hatching larva number/confession examination ovum number * 100
Above disclosed only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, certainly can not limit with this interest field of the present invention, and the equivalent variations of therefore doing according to claim of the present invention still belongs to the scope that the present invention is contained.
Claims (4)
1. citrus fruit fly larva artificial feed, it is characterized in that: composition comprises host, filler, anticorrisive agent, acidity regulator and water; Described host comprises brewer's yeast and sucrose; Filler comprises wheat bran, corn particle in small, broken bits and health paper pulp; Anticorrisive agent comprises methyl p-hydroxybenzoate; Acidity regulator comprises hydrochloric acid and antalkali or acid acceptor.
2. citrus fruit fly larva artificial feed as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described brewer's yeast 25g, sucrose 25g, wheat bran 25g, corn particle 125g in small, broken bits, health paper pulp 20g, 1mol/L hydrochloric acid 4ml, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate 0.9g, water 400ml.
3. citrus fruit fly larva artificial feed as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described antalkali is calcium carbonate, acid acceptor is acetic acid.
4. citrus fruit fly larva artificial feed as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: this citrus fruit fly larva artificial feed pH value is 4.0～5.0.
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Cited By (9)
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| CN103315183A (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2013-09-25 | 海南出入境检验检疫局热带植物隔离检疫中心 | Artificial feed for melon fly larvae |
| CN104095151A (en) * | 2013-04-02 | 2014-10-15 | 湖南师范大学 | Semi-artificial feed for Bactrocera minax larvae and preparation method thereof |
| CN104431439A (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2015-03-25 | 湖南师范大学 | Artificial feed for adult bactrocera minax, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN106036259A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-10-26 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Artificial feed for larval delia antiqua (Meigen) as well as preparation method of artificial feed and raising method of larval delia antiqua (Meigen) |
| CN106173568A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-12-07 | 红河学院 | A kind of Fructus Capsici trypetid larva artificial feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN106689826A (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2017-05-24 | 长沙秋点兵信息科技有限公司 | Mediterranean fruit fly larva feed capable of shortening hatching period |
| CN109699853A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-05-03 | 朱纪 | A kind of feed and its application method improving fly Hylemyia Platura Meigen egg laying amount |
| CN111466342A (en) * | 2020-04-15 | 2020-07-31 | 青岛农业大学 | Method for collecting mature larvae, pupae and imagoes of bactrocera dorsalis |
| CN115886160A (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-04-04 | 华南农业大学 | Feed for larvae of Bactrocera dorsalis in south Asia |
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| CN104095151A (en) * | 2013-04-02 | 2014-10-15 | 湖南师范大学 | Semi-artificial feed for Bactrocera minax larvae and preparation method thereof |
| CN103315183A (en) * | 2013-07-10 | 2013-09-25 | 海南出入境检验检疫局热带植物隔离检疫中心 | Artificial feed for melon fly larvae |
| CN104431439A (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2015-03-25 | 湖南师范大学 | Artificial feed for adult bactrocera minax, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN106036259A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2016-10-26 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Artificial feed for larval delia antiqua (Meigen) as well as preparation method of artificial feed and raising method of larval delia antiqua (Meigen) |
| CN106173568A (en) * | 2016-07-22 | 2016-12-07 | 红河学院 | A kind of Fructus Capsici trypetid larva artificial feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN106689826A (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2017-05-24 | 长沙秋点兵信息科技有限公司 | Mediterranean fruit fly larva feed capable of shortening hatching period |
| CN109699853A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-05-03 | 朱纪 | A kind of feed and its application method improving fly Hylemyia Platura Meigen egg laying amount |
| CN111466342A (en) * | 2020-04-15 | 2020-07-31 | 青岛农业大学 | Method for collecting mature larvae, pupae and imagoes of bactrocera dorsalis |
| CN111466342B (en) * | 2020-04-15 | 2022-03-15 | 青岛农业大学 | Method for collecting mature larvae, pupae and imagoes of bactrocera dorsalis |
| CN115886160A (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-04-04 | 华南农业大学 | Feed for larvae of Bactrocera dorsalis in south Asia |
| CN115886160B (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2024-05-28 | 华南农业大学 | Nanya fruit fly larva feed |
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