CN103262959A - Puffing settleable mixed feed for adult fish of fugu obscurus - Google Patents
Puffing settleable mixed feed for adult fish of fugu obscurus Download PDFInfo
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- CN103262959A CN103262959A CN2013102209534A CN201310220953A CN103262959A CN 103262959 A CN103262959 A CN 103262959A CN 2013102209534 A CN2013102209534 A CN 2013102209534A CN 201310220953 A CN201310220953 A CN 201310220953A CN 103262959 A CN103262959 A CN 103262959A
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Abstract
The invention relates to puffing settleable mixed feed for adult fish of fugu obscurus. The feed comprises the following components: fish meal, bean pulp, cotton meal, fermented bean pulp, flour, beer yeast, fermented rapeseed meal, kelp powder, calcium dihydrogenphosphate, puffing dried blood, inkfish paste, soya bean lecithin, mineral substance mixture, vitamin mixture, choline chloride, lysine and a liver and gallbladder protection agent. The puffing settleable mixed feed for adult fish of fugu obscurus provided by the invention is suitable for normal growth demand of fugu obscurus in the adult fish stage, and the feeding operation management is simplified, the cultivation cost is lowered, and the growth and quality of adult fish are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the fish feed field, relate in particular to the fugu obscurus field of fodder.
Background technology
Fugu obscurus (Takifugu obscurus) is subordinate to Tetraodontiformes Molidae Fugu and belongs to, and is commonly called as filefish, is to have one of a few species of sea water and fresh water breeding migration habit during Fugu belongs to.Fugu obscurus meat flavour deliciousness, protein and fat content are abundant, the expensive fish of generic name, market price height, supply falls short of demand in sale, liked by consumers in general.Because this kind fish to fine adaptability and the higher economic value of fresh water, have been developed as the new varieties of freshwater aquiculture by China, perfect relatively large-scale artificial breeding and intensive culture technical system have progressively been formed.But, because the serious hysteresis of the pure nutritional need research in dark line east and special compound feed exploitation, usually throw something and feed with the powder of eel, soft-shelled turtle in the actual breeding production, although can keep the normal operation that the river Puffer is cultured to a certain extent, but different fish are differentiated to the demand of nutriment, and unfavorable nutrition may produce adverse consequences or promote aquaculture cost aspects such as the health of fish body, the speeds of growth.At present, the deficiency that the powder feed conversion rate is low, big to water pollution, product are blamed control, cost height, operate aspects such as wasting time and energy has seriously restricted the sustainable development of river Puffer aquaculture industry.Therefore, develop river Puffer efficient compound feed and become pressing for of this industry sustainable and healthy development.
In addition, the river Puffer there are differences in the demand of different growth phases to nutrition, therefore should take the different formulations feed to throw something and feed at different growth phases, to guarantee the growth of health fast of river Puffer.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to research and develop the expanded heavy property mixed feed that is fit to the fugu obscurus adult fish stage, with simplification feed intake operational administrative, reduce aquaculture cost, improve postlarva growth and quality.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that
A kind of fugu obscurus adult fish puffing sinks the property mixed feed, and it is characterized in that: the component of this expanded heavy property mixed feed comprises: fish meal, dregs of beans, cotton dregs, fermented bean dregs, flour, brewer's yeast, the fermentation dish dregs of rice, sea-tangle powder, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, fish oil, expanding blood meal, cuttlefish cream, soybean lecithin, mineral mixture, vitamin mixtures, Choline Chloride, lysine and protect the liver and protect the courage agent.
Preferably, the heavy property mixed feed of described fugu obscurus adult fish puffing specifically comprises following each component:
Fish meal 35-43%;
Dregs of beans 7-10%;
Cotton dregs 7-10%;
Fermented bean dregs 8-10%;
Flour 10.7-13.6%;
Brewer's yeast 2.5-3%;
Fermentation dish dregs of rice 8-10%;
Sea-tangle powder 1-2%;
Calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1-2%;
Fish oil 1.7-2.5%;
Expanding blood meal 0.5-1.5%;
Cuttlefish cream 1.5-2%;
Soybean lecithin 1.2%;
Mineral mixture 1%;
Vitamin mixtures 0.3%;
Choline Chloride 0.2-0.3%;
Lysine 0.2-0.4%;
Protect the liver and protect courage agent 0.15%;
Described percentage is mass percent.
Preferably, the heavy property mixed feed of described fugu obscurus adult fish puffing specifically comprises following each component:
Fish meal 39%;
Dregs of beans 10%;
Cotton dregs 7%;
Fermented bean dregs 9%;
Flour 13.2%;
Brewer's yeast 2.5%;
The fermentation dish dregs of rice 8%;
Sea-tangle powder 1.5%;
Calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1.5%;
Fish oil 2.1%;
Expanding blood meal 1.0%;
Cuttlefish cream 2.0%;
Soybean lecithin 1.2%;
Mineral mixture 1%;
Vitamin mixtures 0.3%;
Choline Chloride 0.25%;
Lysine 0.3%;
Protect the liver and protect courage agent 0.15%;
Described percentage is mass percent.
The heavy property mixed feed of the fugu obscurus adult fish puffing fugu obscurus (body is grown up in 20cm, and body weight is greater than 400g) in adult fish stage that is fit to throw something and feed among the present invention, mixed feed adopts the production of Tomi Ungerer bulking machine.
The expanded heavy property mixed feed in the suitable fugu obscurus adult fish stage of the present invention's research and development can be simplified the operational administrative that feeds intake, reduces aquaculture cost, improve growth and the quality of adult fish.
The specific embodiment:
Below the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment only is the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment among the present invention, those of ordinary skills belong to the scope of protection of the invention not making the every other embodiment that obtains under the creative work prerequisite.
Mash feed is a kind of mixed feed that evenly mixes in proportion after various raw materials are pulverized, and need add water during nursing and be modulated into food group, is positioned over feed table or is divided into little group and feed, and is edible for fish.This feed nutrition loss is serious, water pollution is big, the bait digestive utilization ratio is low, be difficult to reach the efficient compound feed effect, and the later stage cause liver and gall syndrome to take place easily, cause river Puffer death, phenomenon such as anti-transportation does not take place, and directly influences the economic benefit that the river Puffer is cultured.
Expanded pellet diet be with feed in the environment of TRANSIENT HIGH TEMPERATURE high pressure and high shear force, high-moisture, by continuously mixed, modified, pressure build up, slaking, extrude nib and a series of production processes of step-down suddenly, and form buoyancy, slow heavy property, the property mixed feed that sinks by density control.Puffing process technique can make starch burn degree improve, and the cell membrane part of fibre structure is destroyed and softening, discharges that part is besieged, the digestible substance of combination; Fat is penetrated into the surface from granule interior simultaneously, makes feed have special fragrance, has improved palatability, thereby grazing rate improves.In addition, protein in the vegetable protein feed, but handle some protease inhibitors of passivation through moderate-heat, as antitrypsin, urase etc., and hydrogen bond and other secondary keys in the protein are destroyed, cause that the original space conformation of polypeptide chain changes, cause protein denaturation, protein molecule after the sex change becomes fibrous, and the peptide chain-unfolding is loose, and molecular surface area increases, flow blockage, increased and the contacting of animal body endoenzyme, thereby be conducive to digesting and assimilating of aquatic livestock, can improve nutritional labeling digestive utilization ratio 10%～35%.
Expanded pellet diet also can reduce the pollution to environment.The feed granules that processes with extrusion, make product that certain cohering or adhesion be arranged by the starch gelatinization of feed inside and proteinaceous tissueization, its stability generally reaches more than the 12h, the longest 36h that reaches, so can reduce dissolving and the precipitation loss of feed nutrient in water, and can avoid feed residual in water, reduce water pollution.
Often contain harmful microorganism in the feedstuff, as good gas biology, neutrophilia bacterium, Escherichia coli, mould, salmonella etc., the content in the animal fodder raw material is more relatively.And the high temperature in the puffing process, high humidity, high pressure effect can kill most harmful microorganisms or deactivation, help to reduce that aquaculture creature disease takes place and to keep cultivation water environment stable, thereby improve the aquatic livestock survival rate and culture success rate.
In addition, expanded pellet diet can improve the feed digestive utilization ratio and reduce feed coefficient, reduces residual bait and excreta content in the water body, increases substantially survival rate and cultivation density; Feed has reduced poisonous and harmful substance, bacterial content and oxidation through extrusion processing, has improved security and the bin stability of feed, improves food and environmentAL safety.
Expanded feeds of aquaculture, throwing does not need ad hoc throwing to raise platform when raising, and only needs fixed point to throw to raise and gets final product.Fish ingests and conveniently observes the food situation of fish, in time adjusts and throws the amount of raising, and can in time understand growth and the health status of fish.Therefore, adopt expanded feeds of aquaculture to help the feeding and management of the science of carrying out, both can save the plenty of time, can raise labour productivity again.
Advantage at expanded pellet diet, and according to the eating habit of fugu obscurus, the present invention proposes the heavy property mixed feed of a kind of fugu obscurus adult fish puffing, and the component of this expanded heavy property mixed feed comprises: fish meal, dregs of beans, cotton dregs, fermented bean dregs, flour, brewer's yeast, the fermentation dish dregs of rice, sea-tangle powder, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, fish oil, expanding blood meal, cuttlefish cream, soybean lecithin, mineral mixture, vitamin mixtures, Choline Chloride, lysine and protect the liver and protect the courage agent.
The heavy property mixed feed of the fugu obscurus adult fish puffing fugu obscurus (body is grown up in 20cm, and body weight is greater than 400g) in adult fish stage that is fit to throw something and feed among the present invention, mixed feed adopts the production of Wen Geer bulking machine.Its component and content comprise:
Fish meal 35-43%;
Dregs of beans 7-10%;
Cotton dregs 7-10%;
Fermented bean dregs 8-10%;
Flour 10.7-13.6%;
Brewer's yeast 2.5-3%;
Fermentation dish dregs of rice 8-10%;
Sea-tangle powder 1-2%;
Calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1-2%;
Fish oil 1.7-2.5%;
Expanding blood meal 0.5-1.5%;
Cuttlefish cream 1.5-2%;
Soybean lecithin 1.2%;
Mineral mixture 1%;
Vitamin mixtures 0.3%;
Choline Chloride 0.2-0.3%;
Lysine 0.2-0.4%;
Protect the liver and protect courage agent 0.15%;
Described percentage is mass percent, and the mass percent sum of above-mentioned each material is 100%.
The present invention compares with traditional mash feed, and advantage is: production cost is low, the digestive utilization ratio height, and aquaculture cost is low, breeding water body is polluted lack, and the user is easy to use.
Fish meal is to be raw material with one or more fish, the high-protein feed after deoiling, dewater, pulverize processing.Protein, fat, carbohydrate are three big energy substances.But fish are low to the digestibility of carbohydrate, and to protein and fatty digestibility height, so the main energy sources of fish should be protein and fat.Fish are very high to the requirement of protein, preferably adopt imported fish meal among the present invention.
And dregs of beans is a kind of high protein material, is the primary raw material of making feeds such as livestock, poultry.Its source is soybean through extracting a kind of byproduct that obtains behind the soya-bean oil, according to the method difference of extracting, can be divided into and soak dregs of beans and two and soak two kinds of dregs of beans.Wherein the byproduct that extracts behind the soya-bean oil with extraction is to soak dregs of beans, and gets oil with squeezing earlier, and the byproduct of getting oil back gained through lixiviate is called two and soaks dregs of beans again.These two kinds of dregs of beans all can be used as raw material and use, and have both solved the residue problem of extracting behind the soya-bean oil, and processing cost has been saved in the raw material source that has solved fish meal again.
Flour and dregs of beans all can be fish rich in protein are provided, and flour preferably adopts Strong flour, the protein content average out to 13.5% of Strong flour, and usually protein content is cooked Strong flour can be described as more than 11.5%.
Except containing digestive saccharomycete, also contain the required various trace elements of 18 seed amino acids, multivitamin, high protein and globe fish, electrolytical high-effect nutritional labeling in addition in the brewer's yeast, also help the growth of globe fish.
Though cellulose can not be digested and assimilated by fish, it nutritionally plays an important role, such as the secretion of the wriggling that stimulates digestion and digestive ferment; And the nutriment of dilution feed middle and high concentration, to help protein, fat and sugared digestion and absorption.Therefore cellulose is indispensable in fish feed, and has contained a large amount of celluloses in the natural feed among the present invention, so needn't add cellulose in addition.
Describe in further detail below in conjunction with the present invention of embodiment:
Embodiment 1
The expanded heavy property material of fugu obscurus, add raw material respectively by mass percentage: fish meal 35, dregs of beans 8, cotton dregs 10, the fermentation dish dregs of rice 10, flour 10.7, sea-tangle powder 2, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2, brewer's yeast 3, fermented bean dregs 10, fish oil 2.5, expanding blood meal 1.5, cuttlefish cream 2, soybean lecithin oil 1.2, vitamin mixtures 0.3, mineral mixture 1, protect the liver and protect courage agent 0.15, Choline Chloride 0.25, lysine 0.4, above raw material is mixed with the Tomi Ungerer bulked thread produce.
Embodiment 2
The expanded heavy property material of fugu obscurus, add raw material respectively by mass percentage: fish meal 39, dregs of beans 10, cotton dregs 7, the fermentation dish dregs of rice 8, flour 13.2, sea-tangle powder 1.5, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1.5, brewer's yeast 2.5, fermented bean dregs 9, fish oil 2.1, expanding blood meal 1, cuttlefish cream 2, soybean lecithin oil 1.2, vitamin mixtures 0.3, mineral mixture 1, protect the liver and protect courage agent 0.15, Choline Chloride 0.25, lysine 0.3, above raw material is mixed with the Tomi Ungerer bulked thread produce.
Embodiment 3
The expanded heavy property material of fugu obscurus, add raw material by mass fraction respectively: fish meal 43, dregs of beans 7, cotton dregs 8, the fermentation dish dregs of rice 8, flour 13.6, sea-tangle powder 1, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1, brewer's yeast 2.5, fermented bean dregs 8, fish oil 1.7, expanding blood meal 0.5, cuttlefish cream 2, soybean lecithin oil 1.2, vitamin mixtures 0.3, mineral mixture 1, protect the liver and protect courage agent 0.15, Choline Chloride 0.3, lysine 0.2, above raw material is mixed with the Tomi Ungerer bulked thread produce.
The test example
Breed variety: 1500 of fugu obscurus adult fishes about 200 grams, Random assignment is three groups, every group of 5 repetitions, totally 15 net cages, 100 of each cage culture fugu obscurus, initial specification unanimity is respectively organized in experiment;
Cultivating condition: the net cage in environmental factor, chemical factor and the essentially identical same waters of biological factor;
Aquaculture management: other condition is basic identical, and institute's difference is just handled the expanded heavy property material of fugu obscurus of the embodiment 1 that one (net cage 4,7,10,11,15) throw something and feed every day; Handle the throw something and feed every day expanded heavy property material of fugu obscurus of embodiment 2 of two (net cages 2,5,9,12,13); Handle the throw something and feed every day expanded heavy property material of fugu obscurus of embodiment 3 of three (net cages 1,3,6,8,14);
The result compares: after culturing March, check the fugu obscurus bar number of each net cage, be calculated to be motility rate; Simultaneously all fishes of each net cage are weighed, calculate rate of body weight gain; Statistics feed consumption calculates feed coefficient.Experimental result is as shown in table 1.As can be seen from Table 1, each survival rate of handling does not have significant difference, handles two rates of body weight gain and handles high 8.0-16.5% than other, handles two feed coefficients and handles low 6.76-15.54% than other.It is with the obvious advantage aspect the raising fugu obscurus adult fish speed of growth and reduction feed coefficient (feed cost) to illustrate that the present invention handles two expanded heavy property material.Following table is the expanded heavy property material statistical effect table of fugu obscurus:
As can be seen from the table, the heavy property mixed feed of fugu obscurus adult fish puffing of the present invention is all having the good technique effect aspect survival rate, the rate of body weight gain.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention not all, any modification of doing, is equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the heavy property mixed feed of a fugu obscurus adult fish puffing, it is characterized in that: the component of this expanded heavy property mixed feed comprises: fish meal, dregs of beans, cotton dregs, fermented bean dregs, flour, brewer's yeast, the fermentation dish dregs of rice, sea-tangle powder, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, fish oil, expanding blood meal, cuttlefish cream, soybean lecithin, mineral mixture, vitamin mixtures, Choline Chloride, lysine and protect the liver and protect the courage agent.
2. the heavy property mixed feed of fugu obscurus adult fish puffing as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the heavy property mixed feed of described fugu obscurus adult fish puffing specifically comprises following each component:
Fish meal 35-43%;
Dregs of beans 7-10%;
Cotton dregs 7-10%;
Fermented bean dregs 8-10%;
Flour 10.7-13.6%;
Brewer's yeast 2.5-3%;
Fermentation dish dregs of rice 8-10%;
Sea-tangle powder 1-2%;
Calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1-2%;
Fish oil 1.7-2.5%;
Expanding blood meal 0.5-1.5%;
Cuttlefish cream 1.5-2%;
Soybean lecithin 1.2%;
Mineral mixture 1%;
Vitamin mixtures 0.3%;
Choline Chloride 0.2-0.3%;
Lysine 0.2-0.4%;
Protect the liver and protect courage agent 0.15%;
Described percentage is mass percent.
3. the heavy property mixed feed of fugu obscurus adult fish puffing as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: the heavy property mixed feed of described fugu obscurus adult fish puffing specifically comprises following each component:
Fish meal 39%;
Dregs of beans 10%;
Cotton dregs 7%;
Fermented bean dregs 9%;
Flour 13.2%;
Brewer's yeast 2.5%;
The fermentation dish dregs of rice 8%;
Sea-tangle powder 1.5%;
Calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1.5%;
Fish oil 2.1%;
Expanding blood meal 1.0%;
Cuttlefish cream 2.0%;
Soybean lecithin 1.2%;
Mineral mixture 1%;
Vitamin mixtures 0.3%;
Choline Chloride 0.25%;
Lysine 0.3%;
Protect the liver and protect courage agent 0.15%;
Described percentage is mass percent.
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| CN201310220953.4A CN103262959B (en) | 2013-06-06 | 2013-06-06 | Puffing settleable mixed feed for adult fish of fugu obscurus |
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| CN201310220953.4A CN103262959B (en) | 2013-06-06 | 2013-06-06 | Puffing settleable mixed feed for adult fish of fugu obscurus |
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| CN103262959B CN103262959B (en) | 2014-08-13 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103976189A (en) * | 2014-05-26 | 2014-08-13 | 华南师范大学 | Low-protein high-fat compound feed for takifugu obscures as well as preparation method and application of feed |
| CN105901288A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-08-31 | 盐城工学院 | Animal-source nutritional growth accelerator for aquatic products |
| CN106260755A (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2017-01-04 | 天津市晨辉饲料有限公司 | River young stage expanding compound feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN109043229A (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2018-12-21 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | A kind of mixed feed improving Fugu rubripes meat quality |
| CN109329650A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2019-02-15 | 铜陵向日葵生态农业有限公司 | A kind of filefish feed adsorbent and preparation method thereof improving enteron aisle |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103976189A (en) * | 2014-05-26 | 2014-08-13 | 华南师范大学 | Low-protein high-fat compound feed for takifugu obscures as well as preparation method and application of feed |
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| CN109043229A (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2018-12-21 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | A kind of mixed feed improving Fugu rubripes meat quality |
| CN109329650A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2019-02-15 | 铜陵向日葵生态农业有限公司 | A kind of filefish feed adsorbent and preparation method thereof improving enteron aisle |
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|---|---|
| CN103262959B (en) | 2014-08-13 |
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Granted publication date: 20140813 Termination date: 20190606 |