CN103976189B - High-fat fugu obscurus mixed feed of low albumen and its production and use - Google Patents
High-fat fugu obscurus mixed feed of low albumen and its production and use Download PDFInfo
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- CN103976189B CN103976189B CN201410225114.6A CN201410225114A CN103976189B CN 103976189 B CN103976189 B CN 103976189B CN 201410225114 A CN201410225114 A CN 201410225114A CN 103976189 B CN103976189 B CN 103976189B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
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Abstract
The invention discloses high-fat fugu obscurus mixed feed of a kind of low albumen and its production and use, this feed is made up of fish meal, dregs of beans, peanut press pulp, standard flour, fish oil, soya-bean oil, rapeseed oil, dusty yeast, Choline Chloride, vitamin C phosphoric ester, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, carboxymethyl cellulose, mineral salt mixture, vitamin mixtures and phagostimulant, the crude protein mass fraction of this feed is 38-42%, and crude fat mass fraction is 8-18%.Mixed feed fish meal consumption of the present invention is few, and protein content is low, and fat content is high, and feed conversion rate is high, significantly reduces feed cost, improves culture benefit; Fugu obscurus raised by pellet, not only throws something and feeds conveniently, laborsaving during joint, and reduces feed waste, more easily keeps good water quality; Higher fatty acid low albumen mixed feed is also obviously better than existing mixed feed to the feeding effect of fugu obscurus.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aquaculture field, be specifically related to a kind of fish meal, particularly high-fat fugu obscurus mixed feed of the low albumen of one and uses thereof.
Background technology
Feed (especially protein raw material) cost is the main composition composition of animal-breeding cost.The quality and quantity of current China feedstuff all can not meet the needs of China's feed industry high speed development, especially high-quality protein raw material, as the fish meal dependence on import of 70%.
Fish meal shortage is a global problem, but concerning our such populous nation, animal-breeding big country, its challenge is just severeer.According to the statistics of international fish meal fish oil tissue (IFFO), in the total output of 1976 ~ 2007 Nian Jian world fish meal between 500 ~ 7,000,000 tons.The fish meal output of China probably only has 20 ~ 400,000 tons, and second-rate.China's fish meal average year consumption figure of 2000 ~ 2007 years is between 140 ~ 2,000,000 tons.That is the fish meal consumption of China account for quantum of world trade 30-40%, be the maximum fish meal country of consumption in the whole world.In the fish meal of China's consumption, the fish meal for aquatic feeds accounts for 55% of the whole fish meal consumption of China, and wherein most of fish meal is used as the high-quality animal protein raw material in the special aquatic products product feeds such as fishes and shrimps.
Fat in feed provides essential fatty acid needed for required energy and fish body for fish growth, maintain the integrality of fish Somatic stricrure, promote the absorption of liposoluble vitamin, carotenoid etc., growth promoting effects, improves the anti-stress ability that fish body changes environment (temperature, density).
In feed, add appropriate fat replacement etc. can the protein of value and carbohydrate, feedstuff metabolisable energy can be improved, improve protein efficiency ratio, PER, reduce the discharge of nitrogen in cultivation, alleviate the pollution to water quality, reduce feed coefficient, meet the needs of fish to aliphatic acid simultaneously, improve the palatability of fish to feed.Thus, add suitable fat, to preparation saving, environmental protection, efficient, safe feed, there is vital meaning.
Fish oil is most important glyceride stock in aquatic feeds always, and the aquatic products industry of China also consumes global most fish oil.But the Resource Properties of fish oil determines its output and is restricted, do not catch up with the developing steps of marine industry.The production of fish oil is mainly by deep sea fishing, marine fishery resources reduces gradually in recent years, fish oil supplying declines, fish oil is easily oxidized simultaneously, its quality is difficult to be protected, thus cause fish oil price more and more expensive, and cannot satisfy the demands, can be fewer and feweri for the fish oil of aquaculture after estimating.Therefore under cost-effective prerequisite, fish oil substitute is studied necessary.
Fugu obscurus is bottom predacious fish, and staple food fish, shrimps, crab class, cladocera etc., therefore, fugu obscurus feed request protein content is high, and agreeable to the taste.Because fugu obscurus aquaculture is a new industry, its feed development speed does not catch up with the situation of Fisheries Development, the complete feed of so far there are no fugu obscurus adult fish rearing, in the breeding process of fugu obscurus, often substitutes with the mixed feed of eel, soft-shelled turtle.
Such as someone adopts eel feed to raise fugu obscurus, and primary raw material is: fish meal (import high quality white fish meal), а-starch, several amino acids, dusty yeast, stable vitamin, organic huge legendary turtle close mineral matter; Its nutritional labeling is: thick protein >=45%, crude fat >=3%, crude fibre≤1%, coarse ash≤18%, calcium≤4.6%, phosphorus≤1.5%, moisture≤10%.The mode of throwing something and feeding is wet granular bulk feed, and the immersion of the feed be kneaded into group starts dispersion after 2 hours, if feed is not suffered all in these two hours, not only cause the waste of feed, and polluted water.And eel feed is used in breeding production, fish meal consumption is large, causes feed cost to rise.
Another report, " powdery compound feed for blowfishes " (Chinese Patent Application No.: 201110265121.5, applying date: 2011-09-08), think that river Puffer is higher to protein requirements, the content of the fish meal in this invention is 45 ~ 50%.But when fish meal content is greater than 50%, feed cost strengthens; When its content is less than 45%, feed conversion rate reduces; Fish oil consumption 2%, soya-bean oil 1%; Feed fat content is about 6.44%.
Another part of patent " a kind of globe fish buoyancy expanding feed " (Chinese Patent Application No.: 201310008457.2, the applying date: 2013-01-09), fish meal use amount at 40-48%, fish oil consumption 2.5%; Feed fat content is at 4.5-5.0%.
The feed fish meal consumption that these two parts of patents are prepared is high, and fat content is low, makes fish meal as energy matter consumption, makes great waste.Therefore, the market prospects that low albumen high-fat fugu obscurus artifical compound feed tool is wide are developed.
Summary of the invention
In order to fill up the blank not having fugu obscurus special feed in the market, and in order to overcome the defect adopting high fish meal (high protein) low fat aquatic feeds raising fugu obscurus to bring, primary and foremost purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of low albumen high-fat fugu obscurus mixed feed, this mixed feed has higher fat content, lower fish meal consumption and protein content, thus make the nutrition arrangement of mixed feed more balanced, closer to river Puffer nutritional need; In addition, this mixed feed, while reduction feed cost, can improve culture benefit, can improve disease-resistant anti-stress ability and the survival rate of cultivation river Puffer, improve mouthfeel and aquatic products local flavor, obviously promote culture benefit.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of the above-mentioned high-fat fugu obscurus mixed feed of low albumen.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the purposes of the above-mentioned high-fat fugu obscurus mixed feed of low albumen.
Object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The high-fat fugu obscurus mixed feed of a kind of low albumen, is prepared by the raw material of following mass percent:
In the high-fat fugu obscurus mixed feed of described low albumen, the mass fraction of crude protein is 38-42%, and the mass fraction of crude fat is 8-18%.
Consisting of of described mineral salt mixture: every 100 grams of mineral salt mixtures contain the CoCl of 0.004g
26H
2the CuSO of O, 0.750g
45H
2the FeSO of O, 4.000g
47H
2the MgSO of O, 85.194g
47H
2the MnSO of O, 0.650g
4h
2the Na of the KI of O, 0.067g, 0.010g
2seO
3, the ZnSO of 6.595g
47H
2the cellulose of O and 2.730g.
Consisting of of described vitamin mixtures: the vitamin A containing 300000IU in every kilogram of feed, the vitamin C of 4g, the Cobastab of 480mg
2, the Cobastab of 360mg
6, the Cobastab of 1.2mg
12, the Cobastab of 20mg
1, the vitamin K of 20mg, the folic acid of 170mg, the biotin of 10mg, the vitamin E of 3000IU, the inositol of 8000mg, the pantothenic acid of 800mg, the nicotinic acid of 200mg, the Choline Chloride of 8000mg and the vitamin D of 40000IU.
Consisting of of described phagostimulant: containing tryptophan 5 grams in every kilogram of feed, methionine 6 grams, lysine 7 grams, taurine 5 grams, betaine 2 grams.
The preparation method of the high-fat fugu obscurus mixed feed of above-mentioned low albumen, comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively fish meal, dregs of beans, peanut press pulp, standard flour are pulverized, the raw material after pulverizing is mixed, stirs;
(2) in the mixture of step (1), add dusty yeast, Choline Chloride, vitamin C phosphoric ester, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, carboxymethyl cellulose, mineral salt mixture, vitamin mixtures and phagostimulant, stir;
(3) in the mixture of step (2), add fish oil, soya-bean oil and rapeseed oil, stir;
(4) add the water of above-mentioned each material quality summation 30%, fully mix, make particulate material, dry, obtain the high-fat fugu obscurus mixed feed of low albumen.
The high-fat fugu obscurus mixed feed of above-mentioned low albumen can be used for raising fugu obscurus.
Lipid has clean energy resource, cheap and advantage easily of drawing materials compared with albumen, and lipid has different physiological roles in the metabolic process of fish simultaneously, is its necessary nutriment.Fish meal addition now in river Puffer mixed feed is commonly 40 ~ 50%, and fat content is commonly 4-6%.Improving feed fat content is at present in the breeding production of river Puffer, how not affecting under the prerequisite that river Puffer grows, saving fish meal consumption, reducing the break-through point of protein content.Because improve the digestible energy that fat content can increase feed, the raising of digestible energy can reduce river Puffer to consume protein as energy source, and this is the key improving feed protein utilization rate.
Dregs of beans crude protein content high (42-48%), quality better, essential amino acids content is high, composition is reasonable, is that in fish feed, Peru Fish Dietary uses one of vegetable protein raw material the most widely.Methionine is dregs of beans the first limiting amino acids, and methionine content is low is affect dregs of beans one of a large amount of major limiting factors used in feed, and in feed, therefore add methionine is the effective ways improving dregs of beans nutritive value.Phagostimulant in the present invention is the combination of several amino acids, can make up low the caused amino acid imbalance of fish meal content in feed, thus not affecting under the prerequisite that river Puffer grows, saves fish meal consumption, reduces feed cost, improves culture benefit.
The present invention has following advantage and effect relative to prior art:
(1) the high-fat fugu obscurus mixed feed of low albumen of the present invention improves fat content, reduce fish meal content, fish meal 25-40% (namely fish meal 100-200 kilogram saved by river per ton Puffer mixed feed) can be saved, significantly reduce feed cost, improve culture benefit.
(2) feed formula of the present invention and feed producing method can improve water stability, trophism, the palatability of feed, significantly reduce because feed decomposes caused pollution in water.
(3) mixed feed of the present invention obviously can strengthen the immunologic function of river Puffer and disease-resistant anti-adversity ability, and this mixed feed does not add any antibiotic, really realizes the healthy and safe cultivation of river Puffer.
(4) in feed of the present invention, the reduction of protein content can also reduce nitrogen discharged to breeding water body of cultivation river Puffer, reduces pollution and the destructiveness of water body environment, implements the sustainable development of culture fishery.
(5) mixed feed fish meal consumption of the present invention is few, and fat content is high, and feed conversion rate is high, significantly reduces feed cost, improves culture benefit; Fugu obscurus raised by pellet, not only throws something and feeds conveniently, laborsaving during joint, and reduces feed waste, more easily keeps good water quality; Higher fatty acid low albumen mixed feed is also obviously better than existing mixed feed to the feeding effect of fugu obscurus.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Mineral salt mixture used in following examples, vitamin mixtures, phagostimulant composed as follows:
Consisting of of mineral salt mixture: every 100 grams of mineral salt mixtures contain the CoCl of 0.004g
26H
2the CuSO of O, 0.750g
45H
2the FeSO of O, 4.000g
47H
2the MgSO of O, 85.194g
47H
2the MnSO of O, 0.650g
4h
2the Na of the KI of O, 0.067g, 0.010g
2seO
3, the ZnSO of 6.595g
47H
2the cellulose of O and 2.730g.
Consisting of of vitamin mixtures: the vitamin A containing 300000IU in every kilogram of feed, the vitamin C of 4g, the Cobastab of 480mg
2, the Cobastab of 360mg
6, the Cobastab of 1.2mg
12, the Cobastab of 20mg
1, the vitamin K of 20mg, the folic acid of 170mg, the biotin of 10mg, the vitamin E of 3000IU, the inositol of 8000mg, the pantothenic acid of 800mg, the nicotinic acid of 200mg, the Choline Chloride of 8000mg and the vitamin D of 40000IU.
Consisting of of phagostimulant: containing tryptophan 5 grams in every kilogram of feed, methionine 6 grams, lysine 7 grams, taurine 5 grams, betaine 2 grams.
In following embodiment, the preparation method of feed comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively fish meal, dregs of beans, peanut press pulp, standard flour are pulverized, the raw material after pulverizing is mixed, stirs;
(2) in the mixture of step (1), add dusty yeast, Choline Chloride, vitamin C phosphoric ester, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, carboxymethyl cellulose, mineral salt mixture, vitamin mixtures and phagostimulant, stir;
(3) in the mixture of step (2), add fish oil, soya-bean oil and rapeseed oil, stir;
(4) add the water of above-mentioned each material quality summation 30%, fully mix, make particulate material, dry, obtain the high-fat fugu obscurus mixed feed of low fish meal.
Embodiment 1
The high-fat fugu obscurus mixed feed of a kind of low albumen, is prepared by the raw material of following mass percent:
In described environment-friendly high-efficiency fugu obscurus mixed feed, the mass fraction of crude protein is 42%, and the mass fraction of crude fat is 9%.
Note: laboratory sample crude protein and crude fat measure according to standard method (AOAC, 1984).Kjeldahl's method (total nitrogen × 6.25) is adopted to measure its gross protein value; Soxhlet extraction (taking ether as extract) is adopted to measure crude fat content.
According to formulated feed shown in upper table, raise the river Puffer 56 days that original body mass is 12.75 ± 0.20g.The river Puffer rate of body weight gain of the present embodiment feed of ingesting is 195.25 ± 13.13%, survival rate 92.5 ± 1.4%, feed coefficient is 1.80 ± 0.10, coefficient of condition is 2.64 ± 0.06%, dirty body ratio is 16.02 ± 0.47%, liver body ratio is 12.65 ± 0.39%, and full fish body fat content is 29.46 ± 0.90%, and red blood cell number is 156.44 ± 3.42 × 10
7/ ml.
Note:
Feed coefficient=feed consumption/gain in weight;
Rate of body weight gain (%)=100 × (end weight-initial weight)/initial weight;
Coefficient of condition (%)=100 × body weight (gram)/body long (centimetre)
3;
Heavy (gram)/body weight (gram) of dirty body ratio (%)=100 × internal organ;
Heavy (gram)/body weight (gram) of liver body ratio (%)=100 × liver;
Full fish body fat content: adopt soxhlet extraction (taking ether as extract) to measure;
Red blood cell count(RBC) adopts microscope count method, with fish isotonic diluent liquid, whole blood is diluted to certain multiple, pours blood countng chamber, counts the red blood cell number in certain volume under an optical microscope, through the erythrocyte number obtained in every milliliter of blood that converts.
Embodiment 2
The high-fat fugu obscurus mixed feed of a kind of low albumen, is prepared by the raw material of following mass percent:
In described environment-friendly high-efficiency fugu obscurus mixed feed, the mass fraction of crude protein is 42%, and the mass fraction of crude fat is 12%.
According to formulated feed shown in upper table, raise the river Puffer 56 days that original body mass is 12.75 ± 0.20g.The river Puffer rate of body weight gain of the present embodiment feed of ingesting is 208.99 ± 6.54%, survival rate 93.75 ± 1.25%, feed coefficient is 1.67 ± 0.08, coefficient of condition is 2.54 ± 0.04%, dirty body ratio is 16.29 ± 0.24%, liver body ratio is 12.81 ± 0.18%, full fish body fat content 29.17 ± 0.68%, and red blood cell number is 173.78 ± 2.86 × 10
7/ ml.
Embodiment 3
The high-fat fugu obscurus mixed feed of a kind of low albumen, is prepared by the raw material of following mass percent:
In described environment-friendly high-efficiency fugu obscurus mixed feed, the mass fraction of crude protein is 42%, and the mass fraction of crude fat is 15%.
According to formulated feed shown in upper table, raise the river Puffer 56 days that original body mass is 12.75 ± 0.20g.The river Puffer rate of body weight gain of the present embodiment feed of ingesting is 179.16 ± 7.22%, survival rate 98.75 ± 1.25%, feed coefficient is 1.74 ± 0.08, coefficient of condition is 2.60 ± 0.07%, dirty body ratio is 16.34 ± 0.59%, liver body ratio is 13.25 ± 0.54%, full fish body fat content 27.84 ± 0.65%, and red blood cell number is 200.89 ± 4.32 × 10
7/ ml.
Embodiment 4
The high-fat fugu obscurus mixed feed of a kind of low albumen, is prepared by the raw material of following mass percent:
In described environment-friendly high-efficiency fugu obscurus mixed feed, the mass fraction of crude protein is 42%, and the mass fraction of crude fat is 18%.
According to formulated feed shown in upper table, raise the river Puffer 56 days that original body mass is 12.75 ± 0.20g.The river Puffer rate of body weight gain of the present embodiment feed of ingesting is 187.4 ± 3.41%, survival rate 96.25 ± 2.39%, feed coefficient is 1.80 ± 0.06, coefficient of condition is 2.61 ± 0.09%, dirty body ratio is 16.18 ± 0.53%, liver body ratio is 13.54 ± 0.32%, full fish body fat content 28.97 ± 1.06%, and red blood cell number is 181.33 ± 2.78 × 10
7/ ml.
Comparative example 1
The low-fat fugu obscurus mixed feed of a kind of low albumen, is prepared by the raw material of following mass percent:
In described environment-friendly high-efficiency fugu obscurus mixed feed, the mass fraction of crude protein is 42%, and the mass fraction of crude fat is 3%.
According to formulated feed shown in upper table, raise the river Puffer 56 days that original body mass is 12.75 ± 0.20g.The river Puffer rate of body weight gain of this comparative example of ingesting feed is 177.63 ± 12.26%, survival rate 100 ± 0%, feed coefficient is 1.94 ± 0.06, coefficient of condition is 2.49 ± 0.08%, dirty body ratio is 15.2 ± 0.41%, liver body ratio is 11.77 ± 0.27%, full fish body fat content 24.40 ± 1.29%, and red blood cell number is 133.33 ± 2.211 × 10
7/ ml.
Comparative example 2
The low-fat fugu obscurus mixed feed of a kind of low albumen, is prepared by the raw material of following mass percent:
In described environment-friendly high-efficiency fugu obscurus mixed feed, the mass fraction of crude protein is 42%, and the mass fraction of crude fat is 6%.
According to formulated feed shown in upper table, raise the river Puffer 56 days that original body mass is 12.75 ± 0.20g.The river Puffer rate of body weight gain of this comparative example of ingesting feed is 177.18 ± 4.6%, survival rate 95 ± 2.04%, feed coefficient is 1.82 ± 0.07, coefficient of condition is 2.56 ± 0.03%, dirty body ratio is 16.06 ± 0.37%, liver body ratio is 11.99 ± 0.34%, full fish body fat content 24.92 ± 0.30%, and red blood cell number is 139 ± 2.13 × 10
7/ ml.
Above-mentioned result of the test illustrates: the river Puffer that the fugu obscurus mixed feed of low albumen of the present invention higher fatty acid (embodiment 1-4) cultivates out, the river Puffer that the mixed feed that the indexs such as its rate of body weight gain, feed coefficient, full fish body fat content, red blood cell number are all better than low albumen low fat (comparative example 1-2) cultivates out, the river Puffer liver body of embodiment 3-4 is than the river Puffer being significantly higher than comparative example 1-2, and survival rate, coefficient of condition, dirty body are than there is not significant difference.
Embodiment 5
The high-fat fugu obscurus mixed feed of a kind of low albumen, is prepared by the raw material of following mass percent:
In described environment-friendly high-efficiency fugu obscurus mixed feed, the mass fraction of crude protein is 40%, and the mass fraction of crude fat is 11%.
According to formulated feed shown in upper table, raise the river Puffer 56 days that original body mass is 8.31 ± 0.20g.To ingest the river Puffer rate of body weight gain 282.42 ± 14.03% of the present embodiment feed, feed coefficient is 2.23 ± 0.02, coefficient of condition is 2.40 ± 0.0%, dirty body ratio is 15.30 ± 0.52%, liver body ratio is 11.95 ± 0.46%, full fish body fat content 24.59 ± 2.53%, protein content is 56.37 ± 1.31%, and content of ashes is 10.55 ± 0.90%.
Embodiment 6
The high-fat fugu obscurus mixed feed of a kind of low albumen, is prepared by the raw material of following mass percent:
In described environment-friendly high-efficiency fugu obscurus mixed feed, the mass fraction of crude protein is 40%, and the mass fraction of crude fat is 11%.
According to formulated feed shown in upper table, raise the river Puffer 56 days that original body mass is 8.31 ± 0.20g.To ingest the river Puffer rate of body weight gain 285.24 ± 18.80% of the present embodiment feed, feed coefficient is 2.06 ± 0.01, coefficient of condition is 2.34 ± 0.07%, dirty body ratio is 16.04 ± 0.66%, liver body ratio is 12.37 ± 0.67%, full fish body fat content 25.74 ± 1.98%, protein content is 55.68 ± 0.91%, and content of ashes is 10.15 ± 0.47%.
Comparative example 3
The high-fat fugu obscurus mixed feed of a kind of low albumen, is prepared by the raw material of following mass percent:
In described environment-friendly high-efficiency fugu obscurus mixed feed, the mass fraction of crude protein is 40%, and the mass fraction of crude fat is 11%.
According to formulated feed shown in upper table, raise the river Puffer 56 days that original body mass is 8.31 ± 0.20g.The river Puffer rate of body weight gain 290.34 ± 22.23% of this comparative example of ingesting feed, feed coefficient is 2.01 ± 0.14, coefficient of condition is 2.47 ± 0.11%, dirty body ratio is 15.75 ± 0.64%, liver body ratio is 12.16 ± 0.56%, full fish body fat content 24.31 ± 0.34%, protein content is 58.35 ± 0.77%, and content of ashes is 10.58 ± 0.26%.
Above-mentioned result of the test illustrates: the feed of embodiment of throwing something and feeding 5,6 river Puffer compared with control group (feeding the feed of comparative example 3), rate of body weight gain, coefficient of condition, dirty body ratio, liver body ratio, fish body crude protein, crude fat, cinder grade index there are no significant difference, embodiment 5 feed coefficient is slightly higher than control group, embodiment 6 feed coefficient and control group there was no significant difference, it is feasible that result of the test explanation soya-bean oil and rapeseed oil 50% substitute the growth of fish oil to fugu obscurus juvenile fish, and rapeseed oil may be better than soya-bean oil.
Embodiment 7
The high-fat fugu obscurus mixed feed of a kind of low albumen, is prepared by the raw material of following mass percent:
In described environment-friendly high-efficiency fugu obscurus mixed feed, the mass fraction of crude protein is 38%, and the mass fraction of crude fat is 8%.
According to formulated feed shown in upper table, raise the river Puffer 70 days that original body mass is 12.40 ± 0.11g.Ingest the river Puffer rate of body weight gain 249.83 ± 5.28% of the present embodiment feed, feed coefficient is 1.62 ± 0.08, specific growth rate 2.09 ± 0.03%/d, protein efficiency ratio, PER 155.56 ± 7.21%.
Note: protein efficiency ratio, PER (%)=100 × quality of fishes recruitment (g)/absorption forage protein total amount (g);
Specific growth rate (%/d)=100 × (the average initial weight (g) of average whole opisthosoma quality (the g)-Ln of Ln)/raise number of days.
Embodiment 8
The high-fat fugu obscurus mixed feed of a kind of low albumen, is prepared by the raw material of following mass percent:
In described environment-friendly high-efficiency fugu obscurus mixed feed, the mass fraction of crude protein is 42%, and the mass fraction of crude fat is 8%.
According to formulated feed shown in upper table, raise the river Puffer 70 days that original body mass is 12.40 ± 0.11g.Ingest the river Puffer rate of body weight gain 258.03 ± 4.09% of the present embodiment feed, feed coefficient is 1.54 ± 0.03, specific growth rate 2.13 ± 0.02%/d, protein efficiency ratio, PER 146.33 ± 3.06%.
Comparative example 4
A fugu obscurus mixed feed for high-protein high-fat, is prepared by the raw material of following mass percent:
In described environment-friendly high-efficiency fugu obscurus mixed feed, the mass fraction of crude protein is 46%, and the mass fraction of crude fat is 8%.
According to formulated feed shown in upper table, raise the river Puffer 70 days that original body mass is 12.40 ± 0.11g.Ingest the river Puffer rate of body weight gain 200.59 ± 4.92% of the present embodiment feed, feed coefficient is 1.95 ± 0.03, specific growth rate 1.83 ± 0.03%/d, protein efficiency ratio, PER 108.67 ± 1.53%.
Comparative example 5
A fugu obscurus mixed feed for high-protein high-fat, is prepared by the raw material of following mass percent:
In described environment-friendly high-efficiency fugu obscurus mixed feed, the mass fraction of crude protein is 50%, and the mass fraction of crude fat is 8%.
According to formulated feed shown in upper table, raise the river Puffer 70 days that original body mass is 12.40 ± 0.11g.Ingest the river Puffer rate of body weight gain 170.57 ± 9.80% of the present embodiment feed, feed coefficient is 2.27 ± 0.37, specific growth rate 1.66 ± 0.06%/d, protein efficiency ratio, PER 90.00 ± 13.00%.
Above-mentioned result of the test illustrates: the river Puffer that the high-fat fugu obscurus mixed feed of low albumen of the present invention (embodiment 7 and 8) cultivates out, the river Puffer that the mixed feed (comparative example 3 and 4) that the indexs such as its rate of body weight gain, feed coefficient, specific growth rate and protein efficiency ratio, PER are all better than high-protein high-fat cultivates out, there is not significant difference in survival rate.
Above-described embodiment is the present invention's preferably embodiment; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; change, the modification done under other any does not deviate from Spirit Essence of the present invention and principle, substitute, combine, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. the high-fat fugu obscurus mixed feed of low albumen, is characterized in that: be prepared by the raw material of following mass percent:
Fish meal: 31-38%
Dregs of beans: 22-24%
Peanut press pulp: 8-10%
Standard flour: 8-25%
Fish oil: 5-15%
Soya-bean oil: 0-4.5%
Rapeseed oil: 0-4.5%
Dusty yeast: 2%
Choline Chloride: 0.5%
Vitamin C phosphoric ester: 0.5%
Calcium dihydrogen phosphate: 2%
Carboxymethyl cellulose: 1%
Mineral salt mixture: 0.5%
Vitamin mixtures: 2%
Phagostimulant: 2.5%;
In the high-fat fugu obscurus mixed feed of described low albumen, the mass fraction of crude protein is 38-42%, and the mass fraction of crude fat is 8-18%;
Consisting of of described phagostimulant: containing tryptophan 5 grams in every kilogram of feed, methionine 6 grams, lysine 7 grams, taurine 5 grams, betaine 2 grams.
2. the high-fat fugu obscurus mixed feed of low albumen according to claim 1, is characterized in that: consisting of of described mineral salt mixture: every 100 grams of mineral salt mixtures contain the CoCl of 0.004g
26H
2the CuSO of O, 0.750g
45H
2the FeSO of O, 4.000g
47H
2the MgSO of O, 85.194g
47H
2the MnSO of O, 0.650g
4h
2the Na of the KI of O, 0.067g, 0.010g
2seO
3, the ZnSO of 6.595g
47H
2the cellulose of O and 2.730g.
3. the high-fat fugu obscurus mixed feed of low albumen according to claim 1, is characterized in that: consisting of of described vitamin mixtures: the vitamin A containing 300000IU in every kilogram of feed, the vitamin C of 4g, the Cobastab of 480mg
2, the Cobastab of 360mg
6, the Cobastab of 1.2mg
12, the Cobastab of 20mg
1, the vitamin K of 20mg, the folic acid of 170mg, the biotin of 10mg, the vitamin E of 3000IU, the inositol of 8000mg, the pantothenic acid of 800mg, the nicotinic acid of 200mg, the Choline Chloride of 8000mg and the vitamin D of 40000IU.
4. the preparation method of the high-fat fugu obscurus mixed feed of the low albumen described in any one of claim 1-3, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) respectively fish meal, dregs of beans, peanut press pulp, standard flour are pulverized, the raw material after pulverizing is mixed, stirs;
(2) in the mixture of step (1), add dusty yeast, Choline Chloride, vitamin C phosphoric ester, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, carboxymethyl cellulose, mineral salt mixture, vitamin mixtures and phagostimulant, stir;
(3) in the mixture of step (2), add fish oil, soya-bean oil and rapeseed oil, stir;
(4) add the water of above-mentioned each material quality summation 30%, fully mix, make particulate material, dry, obtain the high-fat fugu obscurus mixed feed of low albumen.
5. the application in fugu obscurus raised by the high-fat fugu obscurus mixed feed of the low albumen described in any one of claim 1-3.
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| CN105360581B (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2019-09-06 | 东港市祥顺渔业有限公司 | The production and processing method of Fugu rubripes artitificial food |
| CN104642772A (en) * | 2014-12-25 | 2015-05-27 | 苏州苏湘特种水产养殖场 | Cold water breeding feed |
| CN106135752B (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2018-05-29 | 广东省实验动物监测所 | A kind of Zhu Shi mullets goby growth mixed feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN107095085A (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2017-08-29 | 扬中市聚龙江鲜专业合作社 | A kind of feed manufacture method of control fugu obscurus fatty liver |
| CN109043229B (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2022-01-21 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Compound feed for improving flesh quality of takifugu rubripes |
| CN110810664A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-02-21 | 江苏昌浩水产科技有限公司 | Special feed for puffer fish |
| CN112021473B (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2022-03-25 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Composite additive and feed for reducing eating behavior of takifugu rubripes |
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