CN113854441A - Special functional compound feed for siniperca chuatsi and application of special functional compound feed - Google Patents

Special functional compound feed for siniperca chuatsi and application of special functional compound feed Download PDF

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CN113854441A
CN113854441A CN202111204759.8A CN202111204759A CN113854441A CN 113854441 A CN113854441 A CN 113854441A CN 202111204759 A CN202111204759 A CN 202111204759A CN 113854441 A CN113854441 A CN 113854441A
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parts
raw materials
feed
vitamin
functional compound
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牛津
王英杰
李桂峰
阮裕强
廖志宏
何玄枢
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Sun Yat Sen University
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Sun Yat Sen University
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
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    • A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
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    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/111—Aromatic compounds
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/174—Vitamins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/22—Compounds of alkali metals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/24—Compounds of alkaline earth metals, e.g. magnesium
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/28—Silicates, e.g. perlites, zeolites or bentonites
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/30—Oligoelements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production

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Abstract

The invention provides a special functional compound feed for siniperca chuatsi and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of fish feeds. In the functional compound feed special for siniperca chuatsi, protein source raw materials and proportion are properly added, the amino acid balance effect is good, the problem of single protein source unbalanced amino acid is solved, the utilization rate of the feed is improved, the ammonia nitrogen emission is reduced, and the environmental pollution is reduced; the phagostimulant is properly selected, and the overall feeding effect of the feed is good; the algae essence can obviously promote growth and shorten the culture period, effectively improve the natural immunity and the anti-stress capability of the siniperca chuatsi, improve the survival rate of the siniperca chuatsi in the stress period and the like, and has obviously better effect than the commercial feed sold on the market.

Description

Special functional compound feed for siniperca chuatsi and application of special functional compound feed
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fish feed, in particular to a functional compound feed special for siniperca chuatsi and application thereof.
Background
The mandarin fish is popular with consumers due to its tender meat, less interspinal bones, low cholesterol content, etc., and has become a freshwater aquaculture species with great development potential and is a rare freshwater aquaculture species mainly eating live fishes and shrimps. In 2003-2020, the annual output of the mandarin fish in China is increased from 14.99 million tons to 37.70 million tons, and the annual output value exceeds 200 million yuan. At present, the mandarin fish still uses live fishes and shrimps as main baits, which is also one of the important reasons for inducing the fulminant epidemic disease of the mandarin fish. If artificial feed is fed, the incidence of the mandarin fish is reduced from the source, the feed cost is greatly reduced, and the breeding benefit is improved. The mandarin fish cultivated by the feed can bring the feed capacity of over 50 ten thousand tons.
At present, almost no commercial mandarin fish compound feed exists, the addition ratio of sporadic mandarin fish feed mainly comes from other carnivorous cultured fishes, the special quality standard of the mandarin fish feed is not supported by theory, compared with the traditional live fish and shrimp feed of the mandarin fish, the culture effect of the feed is unique and poor, and the sustainable large-scale culture of the mandarin fish is limited. Fresh and live baits are often not reliable enough in quality and stable enough in supply, and moreover, the long-term mass feeding of fresh trash fishes can easily cause water quality deterioration and pathogen breeding, thus causing serious adverse effects such as frequent disease, reduced yield, operation loss and the like. On the other hand, although some culture enterprises try to use the mandarin fish compound feed, due to the lack of efficient functional feed additive products, the improvement effect of the compound feed sold on the market for health of the mandarin fish is limited, and the culture density is high, the commercial fish meal dosage proportion is not appropriate, so that the mandarin fish is not ideal in food intake, hindered in growth and development, poor in nutrition and even died, and serious economic loss is caused, and research and development of related products are urgently needed. In addition, because the fish meal has the characteristics of high content of essential amino acid and fatty acid, low content of carbohydrate, good palatability, easy digestion and absorption by animals and the like, the fish meal is an indispensable high-quality protein source in the feed for carnivorous fish all the time, and farmers determine the quality of the feed according to the content of the fish meal, so that the fish meal dosage in the compound feed is very large, the cost of the compound feed is increased, and meanwhile, a large amount of nitrogen and phosphorus are discharged to the environment to cause culture pollution.
In recent years, fishery resources are in short supply, on one hand, as the demand of people for aquatic products rises, the supply of commercial fish meal is reduced; on the other hand, the demand of the aquaculture fish meal is increased rapidly due to the rapid development of aquaculture, so that the price of the fish meal is increased rapidly. Therefore, how to improve the digestibility of fish meal or feed in aquatic feed becomes a research hotspot at present, but how to improve the growth efficiency, reduce the feed coefficient, simultaneously not affect the fish body quality, reduce the pressure on the environment, and establish and optimize a scientific and reasonable amino acid balance mode which is specially used for the mandarin fish and is suitable for the fish meal dosage formula is urgently needed to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a special functional compound feed for siniperca chuatsi and application thereof, the special functional compound feed for the siniperca chuatsi can effectively solve the problems of low immunity of the mandarin fish and unbalanced nutrition of the compound feed caused by feeding only fresh live fish and shrimp baits, large domestication difficulty of the mandarin fish and the like in the conventional siniperca chuatsi cultivation process, as well as the problems of siniperca chuatsi cultivation and deterioration of cultivation environment due to feeded mandarin fish cultivation, and can realize rapid sustainable development of the siniperca chuatsi cultivation industrial chain, thereby having great economic benefit and social benefit.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a functional compound feed special for siniperca chuatsi, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass:
44-80 parts of protein source raw materials, 8 parts of fat source raw materials, 6.78-19.78 parts of sugar source raw materials, 0.11 part of antioxidant, 2 parts of vitamin complex, 1.5 parts of complex mineral salt, 1 part of phagostimulant, 0.5 part of monocalcium phosphate, 0.01 part of mildew preventive and 0.1 part of seaweed extract.
Preferably, the protein source raw material consists of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 27-38 parts of casein, 8-16 parts of white fish meal, 4-13 parts of fermented soybean meal and 6-12 parts of corn protein powder.
Preferably, the fat source raw material consists of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 4 parts of fish oil, 3 parts of soybean oil and 1 part of phospholipid.
Preferably, the sugar source raw material consists of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 6.78 parts of alpha-starch and 0-13 parts of high gluten flour
Preferably, the antioxidant is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 0.05 part of vitamin E, 0.05 part of BHT and 100.01 parts of coenzyme Q.
Preferably, the compound vitamin is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-1.5 parts of vitamin A, 30.7-1.1 parts of vitamin D, 32.5-3.5 parts of vitamin K, 18-22 parts of vitamin E, 10.7-0.9 part of vitamin B, 21-1.2 parts of vitamin B, 61.1-1.3 parts of vitamin B, 120.2-0.3 part of vitamin B, 0.3-0.4 part of folic acid, 4-5 parts of calcium pantothenate, 1-2 parts of biotin, 4-6 parts of nicotinic acid, 13-17 parts of inositol, 28-32 parts of choline chloride and 15-16 parts of corncob powder.
Preferably, the composite mineral salt is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: ZnSO4·7H21.5-2 parts of O and MnSO4·H2O1-1.5 parts, CuSO4·5H20.3 to 0.6 part of O and CoSO4·7H20.3-0.6 part of O and FeSO4·7H2O6-7 parts, Na2SeO30.6 to 0.8 part of Ca (IO)3)20.25 to 0.35 part, KCl12 to 13 parts, MgSO4·H2O6-6.5 parts and Na2SO411-13 parts of Ca (H)2PO4)2·2H2O35-45 parts and zeolite powder 17-19 parts.
Preferably, the phagostimulant consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.5 part of shrimp paste and 0.5 part of carnosine.
Preferably, the mass percent of protein, the mass percent of fat, the mass percent of sugar, the mass percent of ash and the mass percent of water in the functional compound feed special for siniperca chuatsi are respectively 49-60%, 8.2-9.0%, 6.5-15%, 4.8-5.1% and 8-10%.
The invention provides application of the functional compound feed special for siniperca chuatsi in feeding siniperca chuatsi.
The invention provides a functional compound feed special for siniperca chuatsi, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 44-80 parts of protein source raw materials, 8 parts of fat source raw materials, 6.78-19.78 parts of sugar source raw materials, 0.11 part of antioxidant, 2 parts of vitamin complex, 1.5 parts of complex mineral salt, 1 part of phagostimulant, 0.5 part of monocalcium phosphate, 0.01 part of mildew preventive and 0.1 part of seaweed extract. In the functional compound feed special for siniperca chuatsi, protein source raw materials and proportion are properly added, the amino acid balance effect is good, the problem of single protein source amino acid unbalance is solved, the feed utilization rate is favorably improved, the digestibility and the protein deposition rate are improved, the ammonia nitrogen emission is reduced, and the environmental pollution is reduced; the phagostimulant is properly selected, and the overall feeding effect of the feed is good; under the action of all raw materials, the growth of the siniperca chuatsi is remarkably promoted, the culture period is shortened, the natural immunity and the anti-stress capability of the siniperca chuatsi are effectively improved, the survival rate of the siniperca chuatsi in a stress period is improved, and the like, and the effect is obviously superior to that of the existing commercial feed and fresh live fish and shrimp bait in the market.
The special efficient growth promoting functional compound feed for siniperca chuatsi can promote the active ingestion of siniperca chuatsi, shorten the mandarin fish culturing period, improve the growth speed, survival rate and disease resistance of the siniperca chuatsi, and reduce environmental pollution, can effectively solve the problems of the mandarin fish immunity reduction and the unbalanced nutrition of the compound feed caused by the feeding of only fresh and live fish and shrimp baits, dependence on live fish and shrimp baits and lack of the existing compound feed in the prior mandarin fish culturing process, can also effectively solve the problems of mandarin fish immunity reduction and compound feed nutrition imbalance caused by the feeding of siniperca chuatsi and the deterioration of the culturing environment, reduce the pollution and damage to the environment in the culturing process, realize the rapid sustainable development of the siniperca chuatsi culturing industrial chain, and has great economic and social benefits.
The long-term feeding experiment results show that the functional compound feed provided by the invention is used for cultivating siniperca chuatsi, and the fish body has the advantages of strong feeding ability, good vitality, high growth speed, high survival rate, strong disease resistance and low ammonia nitrogen discharge amount in the whole cultivation process.
The functional compound feed special for siniperca chuatsi provided by the invention can be prepared by simply mixing the raw materials, and is convenient for large-scale popularization.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a functional compound feed special for siniperca chuatsi, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass:
44-80 parts of protein source raw materials, 8 parts of fat source raw materials, 6.78-19.78 parts of sugar source raw materials, 0.11 part of antioxidant, 2 parts of vitamin complex, 1.5 parts of complex mineral salt, 1 part of phagostimulant, 0.5 part of monocalcium phosphate, 0.01 part of mildew preventive and 0.1 part of seaweed extract.
In the present invention, the required raw materials are all commercially available products well known to those skilled in the art, unless otherwise specified.
The raw materials of the functional compound feed special for siniperca chuatsi provided by the invention comprise 44-80 parts by mass of protein source raw materials, and preferably 67-74 parts by mass of protein source raw materials. In the invention, the protein source raw material preferably comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 27-38 parts of casein, 8-16 parts of white fish meal, 4-13 parts of fermented soybean meal and 6-13 parts of corn protein powder; the casein is more preferably 33-36 parts, the white fish meal is more preferably 13-14 parts, the fermented soybean meal is more preferably 10-12 parts, and the corn protein powder is more preferably 11-12 parts.
The raw materials of the functional compound feed special for siniperca chuatsi provided by the invention comprise 8 parts of fat source raw materials by mass. In the invention, the fat source raw material preferably comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 4 parts of fish oil, 3 parts of soybean oil and 1 part of phospholipid. In the present invention, the phospholipid is preferably lecithin.
Based on the mass parts of the protein source raw materials, the sugar source raw materials in the raw materials of the functional compound feed special for siniperca chuatsi provided by the invention are 6.78-19.78 parts, preferably 6.78-12.78 parts. In the invention, the sugar source raw material preferably comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 6.78 parts of alpha-starch and 0-13 parts of high gluten flour; the hard flour is more preferably 6 parts. The hard flour of the present invention is not particularly limited, and any commercially available product known in the art may be used.
The invention utilizes protein source raw materials, fat source raw materials and sugar source raw materials as three major energy substances of the feed.
Based on the mass parts of the protein source raw materials, 0.11 part of antioxidant is contained in the raw materials of the functional compound feed special for siniperca chuatsi. In the invention, the antioxidant is preferably composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 0.05 part of vitamin E, 0.05 part of BHT (2, 6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol) and 100.01 parts of coenzyme Q. The invention utilizes the antioxidant to play an antioxidation role and prevents the feed from oxidative deterioration.
The raw materials of the functional compound feed special for siniperca chuatsi provided by the invention comprise 2 parts of compound vitamin by mass based on the mass parts of the protein source raw materials. In the invention, the compound vitamin is preferably composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 1-1.5 parts of vitamin A, 30.7-1.1 parts of vitamin D, 32.5-3.5 parts of vitamin K, 18-22 parts of vitamin E, 10.7-0.9 part of vitamin B, 21-1.2 parts of vitamin B, 61.1-1.3 parts of vitamin B, 120.2-0.3 part of vitamin B, 0.3-0.4 part of folic acid, 4-5 parts of calcium pantothenate, 1-2 parts of biotin, 4-6 parts of nicotinic acid, 13-17 parts of inositol, 28-32 parts of choline chloride and 15-16 parts of corncob powder. In the present invention, the vitamin a is preferably 1.2 parts, the vitamin D3 is preferably 0.9 part, the vitamin K3 is preferably 3 parts, the vitamin E is preferably 20 parts, the vitamin B1 is preferably 0.808 part, the vitamin B2 is preferably 1.02 part, the vitamin B6 is preferably 1.206 parts, the vitamin B12 is preferably 0.25 part, the folic acid is preferably 0.306 part, the calcium pantothenate is preferably 4.242 parts, the biotin is preferably 1.5 parts, the nicotinic acid is preferably 5.051 parts, the inositol is preferably 15.152 parts, the choline chloride is preferably 30 parts, and the corncob meal is preferably 15.365 parts.
Based on the mass parts of the protein source raw materials, the raw materials of the functional compound feed special for siniperca chuatsi provided by the invention comprise 1.5 parts of composite mineral salt. In the invention, the composite mineral salt is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: ZnSO4·7H21.5-2 parts of O and MnSO4·H2O1-1.5 parts, CuSO4·5H20.3 to 0.6 part of O and CoSO4·7H20.3-0.6 part of O and FeSO4·7H2O6-7 parts, Na2SeO30.6 to 0.8 part of Ca (IO)3)20.25 to 0.35 part, KCl12 to 13 parts, MgSO4·H2O6-6.5 parts and Na2SO411-13 parts of Ca (H)2PO4)2·2H2O35-45 parts and zeolite powder 17-19 parts. In the present invention, the ZnSO4·7H2O is preferably 1.8 parts, MnSO4·H2O is preferably 1.3 parts, CuSO4·5H2O is preferably 0.4 part, CoSO4·7H2O is preferably 0.4 part, FeSO4·7H2O is preferably 6.5 parts, Na2SeO3Preferably 0.7 part, Ca (IO)3)2Preferably 0.3 part, KCl preferably 12.5 parts, MgSO4·H2O is preferably 6.3 parts, Na2SO4Preferably 12 parts, Ca (H)2PO4)2·2H2O is preferably 40 parts and zeolite powder is preferably 17.8 parts.
The invention utilizes the compound vitamin and the compound mineral salt as the necessary feed premix product to provide the vitamin and the mineral salt required by aquatic animals.
Based on the mass parts of the protein source raw materials, 1 part of phagostimulant is added into the raw materials of the special functional compound feed for siniperca chuatsi. In the invention, the phagostimulant is preferably composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 0.5 part of shrimp paste and 0.5 part of carnosine. The phagostimulant of the invention plays a role in enhancing the appetite of the mandarin fish.
Based on the mass parts of the protein source raw materials, the raw materials of the functional compound feed special for siniperca chuatsi provided by the invention comprise 0.5 part of monocalcium phosphate. The present invention utilizes monocalcium phosphate as an additional supplemental phosphorus source.
Based on the mass parts of the protein source raw materials, the raw materials of the functional compound feed special for siniperca chuatsi provided by the invention comprise 0.01 part of mildew preventive. In the present invention, the mildewcide is preferably pyric. The invention utilizes the mildew preventive to prevent the feed raw materials and the feed from mildewing.
Based on the mass parts of the protein source raw materials, the raw materials of the functional compound feed special for siniperca chuatsi provided by the invention comprise 0.1 part of algae essence. The invention utilizes the effective components (such as natural growth hormone, special algae blue pigment, amino acid, vitamin, organic chelate ore and algal polysaccharide) of natural active substances and the like with relatively small molecular weight and rich content of the algae essence obtained by fermenting the large-scale algae, which not only can improve the nutritional structure of the feed, but also can improve the utilization rate of the feed and can enhance the disease resistance and stress resistance of the siniperca chuatsi.
In the functional compound feed special for siniperca chuatsi, the mass percent of protein is 49-60%, the mass percent of fat is 8.2-9.0%, the mass percent of sugar is 6.5-15%, the mass percent of ash is 4.8-5.1%, and the mass percent of water is 8-10%.
The preparation method of the special functional compound feed for siniperca chuatsi is not specially limited, and the corresponding raw materials are uniformly mixed according to the well-known process in the field.
The invention provides application of the functional compound feed special for siniperca chuatsi in feeding siniperca chuatsi. The method of the present invention is not particularly limited, and the feed may be fed in a manner known in the art.
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Examples 1 to 3 were provided according to the raw material ratios in table 1:
table 1 examples 1-3 formulation of functional compound feed special for siniperca chuatsi
Figure BDA0003306446580000071
Figure BDA0003306446580000081
Wherein, the compound vitamin in the embodiment 1 is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1.2 parts of vitamin A, 30.9 parts of vitamin D, 33 parts of vitamin K, 20 parts of vitamin E, 10.808 parts of vitamin B, 21.02 parts of vitamin B, 61.206 parts of vitamin B, 120.25 parts of vitamin B, 0.306 part of folic acid, 4.242 parts of calcium pantothenate, 1.5 parts of biotin, 5.051 parts of nicotinic acid, 15.152 parts of inositol, 30 parts of choline chloride and 15.365 parts of corncob meal.
The composite mineral salt in example 1 is composed of the following components in parts by mass: ZnSO4·7H2O1.8 parts, MnSO4·H2O1.3 parts, CuSO4·5H20.4 part of O, CoSO4·7H20.4 part of O, FeSO4·7H2O6.5 parts, Na2SeO30.7 part of Ca (IO)3)20.3 part, KCl12.5 parts and MgSO4·H2O6.3 parts, Na2SO412 parts of Ca (H)2PO4)2·2H2O40 parts and zeolite powder 17.8 parts.
The nutritional ingredient detection and analysis of the functional compound feed special for siniperca chuatsi prepared in example 1 showed that the feed contained 50.34% of protein, 8.5% of fat, 14.90% of sugar, 5.09% of ash and 8.5% of moisture, as shown in table 2.
Table 2 nutrient components of the functional compound feed special for siniperca chuatsi prepared in examples 1 to 3
Figure BDA0003306446580000091
The functional compound feed special for siniperca chuatsi in the example 1 is used for feeding siniperca chuatsi, and the siniperca chuatsi is fed to the feed in the example 1 for more than two weeks according to a conventional feeding habit-raising procedure before the experiment begins so as to adapt to the feed and the experiment conditions. After the domestication period is finished, randomly putting the experimental mandarin fish into a net cage of an experimental cement pond (the specification of the net cage is 120cm multiplied by 60cm multiplied by 120cm) to carry out formal growth experiments, and putting 30 fish into each net cage; each feed group is provided with 4 replicates; the dissolved oxygen in the culture water body during the culture period is 5.27-5.89 mg L-1(ii) a pH value: 7.4-8.3; total ammonia nitrogen: 0.006-0.046 mgL-1(ii) a Water temperature: 25.3 to 27.5 ℃. The illumination is consistent with the natural illumination; 7, every day: 00 and 18: feeding twice at 00 times, wherein the feeding rate is 2.5-5% of the body weight; the dead mandarin fish were counted and weighed daily.
The mandarin fish seedling is cultured by the special functional compound feed prepared in the example 1 for 120 days, and compared with the commercial fresh live fish and shrimp bait under the same conditions of water quality, management and initial weight, the result is shown in the table 3.
TABLE 3 raising effect of the functional compound feed special for siniperca chuatsi of example 1
Figure BDA0003306446580000092
Figure BDA0003306446580000101
As is apparent from Table 3, in the case where the water quality, management and initial weight (initial weight 11.0g, the same applies hereinafter) were the same, the effect of the feed of the present invention was compared with the effect of feeding live fish and shrimp baits, in which the Weight Gain (WG) was increased by 27% (mean end weight of the feed of the present invention was 140g, mean end weight of the feed of live fish and shrimp was 110g), the Weight Gain (WG) was increased by 30% (WG of the feed of the present invention was 1173, WG of the feed of live fish and shrimp was 900), the specific growth rate (SGR,%/day) was increased by 10% (SGR of the feed of the present invention was 2.12, SGR of the feed of live fish and shrimp was 1.92), the survival rate was increased by 11% (survival rate of the feed of the present invention was 90%, survival rate of the feed of the live fish and shrimp baits was 81%), the bait coefficient of the feed was decreased by 28% (bait coefficient of the feed of the present invention was 1.86, and the feed coefficient of the live fish and shrimp was 2.60), the protein efficiency is improved by 40 percent (the protein efficiency of the feed of the invention is 1.19 percent, the protein efficiency of the feed of the fresh fish and shrimp is 0.85 percent), the protein deposition rate is improved by 87 percent (the protein deposition rate of the feed of the invention is 27.64 percent, the protein deposition rate of the feed of the fresh fish and shrimp is 14.75 percent), the protein digestion rate is improved by 15 percent (the protein digestion rate of the feed of the invention is 85.79 percent, the protein digestion rate of the feed of the fresh fish and shrimp is 74.85 percent), and the dry matter digestion rate is improved by 17 percent (the dry matter digestion rate of the feed of the invention is 71.63 percent, and the dry matter digestion rate of the feed of the fresh fish and shrimp is 61.38 percent).
Example 2
The raw material formula of the example 2 in the table 1 is used for preparing the functional compound feed special for siniperca chuatsi.
Wherein, the compound vitamin in the embodiment 2 comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1.2 parts of vitamin A, 30.9 parts of vitamin D, 33 parts of vitamin K, 20 parts of vitamin E, 10.808 parts of vitamin B, 21.02 parts of vitamin B, 61.206 parts of vitamin B, 120.25 parts of vitamin B, 0.306 part of folic acid, 4.242 parts of calcium pantothenate, 1.5 parts of biotin, 5.051 parts of nicotinic acid, 15.152 parts of inositol, 30 parts of choline chloride and 15.365 parts of corncob meal.
In example 2, the composite mineral salt is composed of the following components in parts by mass: ZnSO4·7H2O1.8 parts, MnSO4·H2O1.3 parts, CuSO4·5H20.4 part of O, CoSO4·7H20.4 part of O, FeSO4·7H2O6.5 parts, Na2SeO30.7 part of Ca (IO)3)20.3 part, KCl12.5 parts and MgSO4·H2O6.3 parts, Na2SO412 parts of Ca (H)2PO4)2·2H2O40 parts and zeolite powder 17.8 parts.
The nutritional component detection and analysis of the functional compound feed special for siniperca chuatsi in example 2 showed that the feed contained 54.77% protein, 8.71% fat, 10.52% sugar, 4.89% ash and 8.2% moisture, as shown in table 2.
The mandarin fish seedlings were cultivated by the functional compound feed for siniperca chuatsi of example 2 for 120 days according to the breeding method of example 1, and the results are shown in table 4, compared with those obtained by using commercial live fish and shrimp baits.
TABLE 4 raising effect of functional compound feed special for siniperca chuatsi in example 2
Figure BDA0003306446580000111
Figure BDA0003306446580000121
As is apparent from Table 4, in the case where the water quality, management and initial weight (initial weight 11g, the same applies hereinafter) were the same, the effect of the feed of the present invention was compared with the effect of feeding live fish and shrimp baits, in which the Weight Gain (WG) was increased by 18% (WG for the feed of the present invention was 130g, average end weight for the feed of live fish and shrimp was 110g), the Weight Gain (WG) was increased by 20% (WG for the feed of the present invention was 1082, WG for the feed of live fish and shrimp was 900), the specific growth rate (SGR,%/day) was increased by 7% (SGR for the feed of the present invention was 2.06, SGR for the feed of live fish and shrimp was 1.92), the survival rate was increased by 10% (survival rate for the feed of the present invention was 89%, survival rate for the feed of live fish and shrimp was 81%), the bait coefficient of bait was decreased by 26% (bait coefficient of the feed of the present invention was 1.93, and bait coefficient of live fish and shrimp was 2.60), the protein efficiency is improved by 38 percent (the protein efficiency of the feed for feeding the invention is 1.17, and the protein efficiency of the feed for feeding the fresh fish and shrimp is 0.85 percent), the protein deposition rate is improved by 65 percent (the protein deposition rate of the feed for feeding the invention is 24.38 percent, and the protein deposition rate of the feed for feeding the fresh fish and shrimp is 14.75 percent), the protein digestion rate is improved by 10 percent (the protein digestion rate of the feed for feeding the invention is 82.48 percent, and the protein digestion rate of the feed for feeding the fresh fish and shrimp is 74.85 percent), and the dry matter digestion rate is improved by 15 percent (the dry matter digestion rate of the feed for feeding the invention is 70.83 percent, and the dry matter digestion rate of the feed for feeding the fresh fish and shrimp is 61.38 percent).
Example 3
The raw material formula of the example 3 in the table 1 is used for preparing the functional compound feed special for siniperca chuatsi.
Wherein, the compound vitamin in the embodiment 3 comprises the following components in parts by weight: 1.2 parts of vitamin A, 30.9 parts of vitamin D, 33 parts of vitamin K, 20 parts of vitamin E, 10.808 parts of vitamin B, 21.02 parts of vitamin B, 61.206 parts of vitamin B, 120.25 parts of vitamin B, 0.306 part of folic acid, 4.242 parts of calcium pantothenate, 1.5 parts of biotin, 5.051 parts of nicotinic acid, 15.152 parts of inositol, 30 parts of choline chloride and 15.365 parts of corncob meal.
In example 3, the composite mineral salt is composed of the following components in parts by mass: ZnSO4·7H2O1.8 parts, MnSO4·H2O1.3 parts, CuSO4·5H20.4 part of O, CoSO4·7H20.4 part of O, FeSO4·7H2O6.5 parts, Na2SeO30.7 part of Ca (IO)3)20.3 part, KCl12.5 parts and MgSO4·H2O6.3 parts, NaSO412 parts of Ca (H)2PO4)2·2H2O40 parts and zeolite powder 17.8 parts.
The nutritional component detection and analysis of the efficient growth-promoting functional compound feed special for siniperca chuatsi in example 3 showed that the feed contained 59.86% of protein, 8.63% of fat, 6.75% of sugar, 5.08% of ash and 8.9% of water, as shown in table 2.
According to the feeding method of the example 1, the mandarin fish fries are cultivated for 120 days by using the special functional compound feed for siniperca chuatsi of the example 3, and compared with the fresh live fish and shrimp baits sold in the market, the obtained results are shown in the table 5.
TABLE 5 raising effect of the functional compound feed special for siniperca chuatsi of example 3
Figure BDA0003306446580000131
As is apparent from Table 5, in the case where the water quality, management and initial weight (initial weight 11g, the same applies hereinafter) were the same, the effect of the feed of the present invention was compared with the effect of feeding live fish and shrimp baits, in which the Weight Gain (WG) was increased by 14% (mean end weight of the feed of the present invention was 125g, mean end weight of the feed of live fish and shrimp was 110g), the Weight Gain (WG) was increased by 15% (WG of the feed of the present invention was 1036, WG of the feed of live fish and shrimp was 900), the specific growth rate (SGR,%/day) was increased by 6% (SGR of the feed of the present invention was 2.03, SGR of the feed of live fish and shrimp was 1.92), the survival rate was increased by 10% (survival rate of the feed of the present invention was 89%, survival rate of the feed of the live fish and shrimp was 81%), the bait factor was decreased by 25% (bait factor of the feed of the present invention was 1.96, and the feed factor of live fish and shrimp was 2.60), the protein efficiency is improved by 27 percent (the protein efficiency of the feed of the invention is 1.08, and the protein efficiency of the feed of the fresh fish and shrimp is 0.85 percent), the protein deposition rate is improved by 51 percent (the protein deposition rate of the feed of the invention is 22.31 percent, and the protein deposition rate of the feed of the fresh fish and shrimp is 14.75 percent), the protein digestion rate is improved by 9 percent (the protein digestion rate of the feed of the invention is 81.50 percent, and the protein digestion rate of the feed of the fresh fish and shrimp is 74.85 percent), and the dry matter digestion rate is improved by 15 percent (the dry matter digestion rate of the feed of the invention is 70.75 percent, and the dry matter digestion rate of the feed of the fresh fish and shrimp is 61.38 percent).
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A functional compound feed special for siniperca chuatsi is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass:
44-80 parts of protein source raw materials, 8 parts of fat source raw materials, 6.78-19.78 parts of sugar source raw materials, 0.11 part of antioxidant, 2 parts of vitamin complex, 1.5 parts of complex mineral salt, 1 part of phagostimulant, 0.5 part of monocalcium phosphate, 0.01 part of mildew preventive and 0.1 part of seaweed extract.
2. The functional compound feed special for siniperca chuatsi according to claim 1, wherein the protein source raw material comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 27-38 parts of casein, 8-16 parts of white fish meal, 4-13 parts of fermented soybean meal and 6-12 parts of corn protein powder.
3. The functional compound feed special for siniperca chuatsi according to claim 1, wherein the fat source raw materials comprise the following raw materials in parts by mass: 4 parts of fish oil, 3 parts of soybean oil and 1 part of phospholipid.
4. The functional compound feed special for siniperca chuatsi according to claim 1, wherein the sugar source raw materials comprise the following raw materials in parts by mass: 6.78 parts of alpha-starch and 0-13 parts of strong flour.
5. The functional compound feed special for siniperca chuatsi according to claim 1, wherein the antioxidant comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 0.05 part of vitamin E, 0.05 part of BHT and 100.01 parts of coenzyme Q.
6. The functional compound feed special for siniperca chuatsi according to claim 1, wherein the vitamin complex comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-1.5 parts of vitamin A, 30.7-1.1 parts of vitamin D, 32.5-3.5 parts of vitamin K, 18-22 parts of vitamin E, 10.7-0.9 part of vitamin B, 21-1.2 parts of vitamin B, 61.1-1.3 parts of vitamin B, 120.2-0.3 part of vitamin B, 0.3-0.4 part of folic acid, 4-5 parts of calcium pantothenate, 1-2 parts of biotin, 4-6 parts of nicotinic acid, 13-17 parts of inositol, 28-32 parts of choline chloride and 15-16 parts of corncob powder.
7. The functional compound feed special for siniperca chuatsi according to claim 1, wherein the compound mineral salt is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: ZnSO4·7H215-2 parts of O and MnSO4·H21 to 1.5 portions of O and CuSO4·5H20.3 to 0.6 part of O and CoSO4·7H20.3-0.6 part of O and FeSO4·7H26-7 parts of O and Na2SeO30.6 to 0.8 part of Ca (IO)3)20.25 to 0.35 part, KCl12 to 13 parts and MgSO4·H26-6.5 parts of O and Na2SO411-13 parts of Ca (H)2PO4)2·2H235-45 parts of O and 17-19 parts of zeolite powder.
8. The special functional compound feed for siniperca chuatsi according to claim 1, wherein the phagostimulant comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 0.5 part of shrimp paste and 0.5 part of carnosine.
9. The special functional compound feed for siniperca chuatsi as claimed in claim 1, wherein the special functional compound feed for siniperca chuatsi comprises 49-60% by mass of protein, 8.2-9.0% by mass of fat, 6.5-15% by mass of sugar, 4.8-5.1% by mass of ash and 8-10% by mass of water.
10. The use of the functional compound feed special for siniperca chuatsi as claimed in any one of claims 1-9 in siniperca chuatsi feeding.
CN202111204759.8A 2021-10-15 2021-10-15 Special functional compound feed for siniperca chuatsi and application of special functional compound feed Pending CN113854441A (en)

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