CN103330094B - Compound feed for hemibagrus wyckioides juvenile fish - Google Patents
Compound feed for hemibagrus wyckioides juvenile fish Download PDFInfo
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- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a compound feed for hemibagrus wyckioides juvenile fish and belongs to the technical field of aquiculture. The compound feed comprises the following ingredients in percent by weight: 16% to 24% of domestic fish meal, 5% to 7% of corn gluten meal, 16% to 20% of soybean meal, 8% to 10% of cottonseed meal, 13% to 15% of rapeseed meal, 2.29% to 5.23% of wheat barn, 12% to 14% of strong flour, 6% to 8% of beer yeast, 0.3% to 1.54% of fish oil, 4.7% to 5.0% of soybean oil, 0.5% to 1% of soybean lecithin, 0.8% to 1.5% of monocalcium phosphate, 0.05% to 0.1% of vitamin C phosphate, 0.05% to 0.1% of taurine, 0.2% to 0.3% of choline chloride, 0.2% to 0.4% of salt, 0.01% to 0.03% of ethoxy quinoline, 0.5% to 1.0% of mineral substances premix and 0.3% to 0.8% of vitamin premix. According to compound feed, the hemibagrus wyckioides juvenile fish characteristics such as living habit, nutrition and digestion are taken into consideration fully, conventional feed ingredients which are digestible and adsorptive to hemibagrus wyckioides are adopted to carry out reasonably combination, the feed has good palatability, high utilization rate and poor pollution to water bodies, the source of feed is stable, the cost is low, and the compound feed is suitable for feeding hemibagrus wyckioides juvenile fish on a large scale.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mixed feed, particularly relate to a kind of silk tail Of-digestive-tract compound feed for young, belong to technical field of aquaculture.
Background technology
Silk tail Of-digestive-tract (Hemibagrus wyckioides) is under the jurisdiction of SILURIFORMES, Chang section, Of-digestive-tract genus, calls the fish that grows a beard, and is the famous and precious economic fish of the Lan Cang Jiang – Mekong River valley.Silk tail Of-digestive-tract has the advantages such as growth fast, individual large (maximum can reach 80kg), wide adaptability, premunition are strong, lower oxygen concentration resistance, and the pure white delicacy of its meat, delicious flavour, without stinging between flesh, can make raw fish, fanning economics, far above other freshwater fishes, is favored by culturist and consumer deeply.Silk tail Of-digestive-tract is taking animality as main ominivore-fish, and under natural endowment, juvenile fish is taking planktonic organism as food, and adult fish is taking larva, small fish, aquatic insect, water earthworm and organic debris etc. as food.
At present, about the research of silk tail Of-digestive-tract juvenile fish nutritional need and feed very few, there is no special compound feed, its iced trash fish such as Colossoma brachypomum of propagating artificially directly to throw something and feed is for leading or select other fish feeds to substitute, these feeds have solved the feed problem of silk tail Of-digestive-tract to a certain extent, but, basically and do not meet a nutritional need of tail Of-digestive-tract, can not realize best raising, limited fishery resources have also been wasted simultaneously, accelerate the pollution of cultivation water environment, made that disease is grown, drug abuse, harm humans food security.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to make up the above-mentioned deficiency of prior art, a kind of silk tail Of-digestive-tract compound feed for young is provided, life habit, nutritional need and the digestive characteristic of silk tail Of-digestive-tract juvenile fish are taken into full account, protein, fat, carbohydrate, minerals and vitamins level in rational silk tail Of-digestive-tract compound feed for young, select a conventional feed raw material for tail Of-digestive-tract absorption easy to digest to carry out reasonable compatibility, meet silk tail Of-digestive-tract juvenile fish (2～10cm) and propagate the nutritional need under condition artificially; Feed good palatability; Efficiency of feed utilization is high, little to water pollution; This mixed feed raw materials enjoy stable sources used, cheap, is applicable to a tail Of-digestive-tract juvenile fish and raises on a large scale.
In order to realize foregoing invention object, the technical solution used in the present invention: a kind of silk tail Of-digestive-tract compound feed for young comprises domestic fish meal, corn protein powder, dregs of beans, Cottonseed Meal, rapeseed dregs, wheat bran, Strong flour, brewer's yeast, fish oil, soya-bean oil, soybean lecithin, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, vitamin C phosphoric ester, taurine, Choline Chloride, salt, ethoxyquinoline, mineral substance premix, vitamin premix, wherein the percentage by weight of various raw materials is: domestic fish meal, 16～24%; Corn protein powder, 5～7%; Dregs of beans, 16～20%; Cottonseed Meal, 8～10%; Rapeseed dregs, 13～15%; Wheat bran, 2.29～5.23%; Strong flour, 12～14%; Brewer's yeast, 6～8%; Fish oil, 0.3～1.54%; Soya-bean oil, 4.7～5%; Soybean lecithin, 0.5～1%; Calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.8～1.5%; Vitamin C phosphoric ester, 0.05～0.1%; Taurine, 0.05～0.1%; Choline Chloride, 0.2～0.3%; Salt, 0.2～0.4%; Ethoxyquinoline, 0.01～0.03%; Mineral substance premix, 0.5～1.0%; Vitamin premix, 0.3～0.8%; The percentage by weight sum of all raw materials is 100%.
Described soybean lecithin, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, vitamin C phosphoric ester, taurine, Choline Chloride, salt, ethoxyquinoline, mineral substance premix, vitamin premix add according to conventional feed ratio.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: the present invention has taken into full account life habit, nutritional need and the digestive characteristic of silk tail Of-digestive-tract juvenile fish, protein, fat, carbohydrate, minerals and vitamins level in rational silk tail Of-digestive-tract compound feed for young, select a conventional feed raw material for tail Of-digestive-tract absorption easy to digest to carry out reasonable compatibility, meet silk tail Of-digestive-tract juvenile fish (2～10cm) and propagate the nutritional need under condition artificially; Feed good palatability; Efficiency of feed utilization is high, little to water pollution; This mixed feed raw materials enjoy stable sources used, cheap, is applicable to a tail Of-digestive-tract juvenile fish and raises on a large scale.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further details, to facilitate the technical staff to understand.But the present invention is not limited to these embodiment.
1, the demand of silk tail Of-digestive-tract juvenile fish to crude protein:
Taking fish meal, casein and gelatin as forage protein source, fish oil, soya-bean oil and soybean lecithin are fat source, dextrin is sugared source, according to conventional feed mix proportion scheme, prepares the test feed of 6 kinds of different crude protein levels (24%, 29%, 34%, 39%, 44%, 49%).All feedstuffs are through the grit of pulverizing, mixing, particle diameter 1.0mm is processed in granulation.Select same batch of evenly (about 1.9g), athletic silk tail Of-digestive-tract fry of size then, Random assignment is in 18 breeding barrels (testing processed group, every group of 3 repetitions for 6), every barrel of 30 tail fishes.The every day of bait throwing in 2 times sooner or later (07:00,18:30), reaches the level of being satiated with food.Breeding water is the running water of aeration dechlorination, and water temperature remains at 26 ± 1 DEG C.Through the raising of 10 weeks, test data was in table 1.
Table 1: the impact (mean value ± standard error) of different crude protein levels on silk tail Of-digestive-tract juvenile growth performance
Note: the different alphabetical persons of same column shoulder motes, significant difference (P<0.05).
As shown in Table 1: in the scope of feed crude protein level 24～49%, the specific growth rate of silk tail Of-digestive-tract juvenile fish improves along with the raising of feed crude protein level, and after feed crude protein level reaches 44%, its specific growth rate remains unchanged substantially.Using fish specific growth rate as ordinate, feed crude protein level is mapped as abscissa, carries out regression analysis with segmented line model, and trying to achieve the suitableeest crude protein requirement of tail Of-digestive-tract juvenile fish is 44.1%(95% confidential interval, and 40.6～47.7%).
2, different crude protein and the crude fat level impact on silk tail Of-digestive-tract juvenile growth performance:
Taking fish meal, FPC and FSPC as forage protein source, fish oil and soybean lecithin are fat source, Strong flour and dextrin are sugared source, 3 crude protein levels (37%, 43%, 49%) and 3 crude fat levels (6%, 10%, 14%) are set, according to conventional feed mix proportion scheme, prepare 9 kinds of different nitrogen can than test feed (as shown in table 2).
Table 2: the silk tail Of-digestive-tract scrod feed formula of different crude protein and crude fat level
Note: mineral substance premix (g/kg): MgSO
47H
2o, 180; KI, 1; FeSO
4h
2o, 260; ZnSO
4h
2o, 180; CuSO
45H
2o, 25; Na
2se
2o
3, 0.01; MnSO
4h
2o, 180; CoCl
26H
2o, 0.75; Vitamin premix (g/kg): vitamin A, 2; Vitamin D
3, 0.03; Vitamin E, 30; Vitamin K, 3; Thiamine hydrochloride, 8; Riboflavin, 11; Puridoxine hydrochloride, 8; Cobastab
12, 0.02; Ascorbic acid, 50; Folic acid, 1; Biotin, 0.1; Nicotinic acid, 30; Calcium pantothenate, 32; Inositol, 25.
All feedstuffs are pulverized through pulverizer, and whole mistake 80 mesh sieves, all feedstuffs that crush are mixed other raw materials except fish oil and soybean lecithin by table 2 feed formula, then soybean lecithin is first dissolved in fish oil, mix with other batchings again, finally add again about 30% distilled water to make mash feed form hard group, be placed in the strip that pelleter is squeezed into feed diameter 1.0mm, and be dried 12 hours in 40 DEG C of convection oven, make its moisture be down to 8% left and right.
After testing, the nutritional labeling of each feed formula is as shown in table 3.
Test is the same a collection of seed of artificial culture then with a silk tail Of-digestive-tract, and by this locality, certain plant provides.Before test, silk tail Of-digestive-tract first supports 2 weeks to adapt to breeding environment temporarily by commercial feed.Silk tail Of-digestive-tract fasting 24h before on-test.Select evenly (about 15g), athletic silk tail Of-digestive-tract fry of size, Random assignment is in 27 breeding barrels (9 test processed group, every group of 3 repetitions), every barrel of 26 tail fishes.The every day of bait throwing in 2 times sooner or later (07:00,18:30), reaches the level of being satiated with food.Breeding water is the running water of aeration dechlorination.Test is carried out 10 weeks altogether, all adopts the continuous oxygenation of 24h during whole culture experiment, natural lighting, and water temperature remains at 26 ± 1 DEG C.
Table 3: silk tail Of-digestive-tract scrod feed nutritional labeling
After culture experiment finishes, stop feeding 24h, weigh every barrel of fish body gross weight and record fish body number, calculate silk tail Of-digestive-tract growth rate.Adopt one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), in the time there is significant difference (P<0.05) between processed group, check and carry out multiple comparison analyse with Tukey ' s.
Table 4 has provided silk tail Of-digestive-tract juvenile growth performance test results.
Table 4: different crude protein and the crude fat level impact (mean value ± standard error) on silk tail Of-digestive-tract growth performance
Note: the different alphabetical persons of same column shoulder motes, significant difference (P<0.05).
As shown in Table 4: in feed, crude protein/crude fat level is 37/10,37/14,43/10,43/14,49/6,49/10 and 49/14 cocainine tail Of-digestive-tract specific growth rate there was no significant difference, but apparently higher than 37/6 and 43/6 group.As can be seen here: in the time that in silk tail Of-digestive-tract scrod feed, crude fat content is 10%, crude protein requirement can be down to 37%.
In sum, the suitable crude protein level of silk tail Of-digestive-tract compound feed for young is 37～40.6%, and crude fat level is 10%.
3,, according to the result of study of above-mentioned silk tail Of-digestive-tract juvenile fish nutritional need, and in conjunction with actual production demand, prepared following silk tail Of-digestive-tract compound feed for young.
Embodiment 1
Take domestic fish meal 16kg, corn protein powder 7kg, dregs of beans 20kg, Cottonseed Meal 10kg, rapeseed dregs 15kg, wheat bran 2.29kg, Strong flour 12kg, brewer's yeast 8kg, fish oil 1.54kg, soya-bean oil 4.7kg, soybean lecithin 1kg, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1kg, vitamin C phosphoric ester 0.05kg, taurine 0.1kg, Choline Chloride 0.3kg, salt 0.2kg, ethoxyquinoline 0.02kg, mineral substance premix 0.5kg, vitamin premix 0.3kg.
Embodiment 2
Take domestic fish meal 20kg, corn protein powder 6kg, dregs of beans 18kg, Cottonseed Meal 9kg, rapeseed dregs 14kg, wheat bran 3.81kg, Strong flour 13kg, brewer's yeast 7kg, fish oil 0.92kg, soya-bean oil 4.8kg, soybean lecithin 1kg, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1kg, vitamin C phosphoric ester 0.05kg, taurine 0.1kg, Choline Chloride 0.3kg, salt 0.2kg, ethoxyquinoline 0.02kg, mineral substance premix 0.5kg, vitamin premix 0.3kg.
Embodiment 3
Take domestic fish meal 24kg, corn protein powder 5kg, dregs of beans 16kg, Cottonseed Meal 8kg, rapeseed dregs 13kg, wheat bran 5.23kg, Strong flour 14kg, brewer's yeast 6kg, fish oil 0.3kg, soya-bean oil 5kg, soybean lecithin 1kg, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1kg, vitamin C phosphoric ester 0.05kg, taurine 0.1kg, Choline Chloride 0.3kg, salt 0.2kg, ethoxyquinoline 0.02kg, mineral substance premix 0.5kg, vitamin premix 0.3kg.
The raw material of above-described embodiment 1～3 mixed feed was all pulverized in advance 80 mesh sieves except fish oil and soya-bean oil, and then all raw material mixes through twin shaft paddle mixer; Enter again that quality-adjusting device is modified, twin (double) screw extruder granulates (according to fish body size adjustment feed particle diameter), dries, cooling, obtains silk tail Of-digestive-tract compound feed for young of the present invention.
Carried out silk tail Of-digestive-tract juvenile fish (average 2.0g) culture experiment of 10 weeks by a definite date in June, 2012 in Aquaculture Science laboratory.Adopt above-described embodiment 1～3 mixed feed to raise silk tail Of-digestive-tract juvenile fish, culture efficiency is as shown in table 5.
Table 5: embodiment silk tail Of-digestive-tract juvenile growth results of property
Note: the different alphabetical persons of colleague's shoulder motes, significant difference (P<0.05).
Above result of the test shows: the present invention has taken into full account life habit, nutritional need and the digestive characteristic of silk tail Of-digestive-tract juvenile fish, protein, fat, carbohydrate, minerals and vitamins level in rational silk tail Of-digestive-tract compound feed for young, select a conventional feed raw material for tail Of-digestive-tract absorption easy to digest to carry out reasonable compatibility, meet silk tail Of-digestive-tract juvenile fish (2～10cm) and propagate the nutritional need under condition artificially; Feed good palatability; Efficiency of feed utilization is high, little to water pollution; This mixed feed raw materials enjoy stable sources used, cheap, is applicable to a tail Of-digestive-tract juvenile fish and raises on a large scale.
The content that the present invention describes by embodiment, without departing from the present invention, can also carry out various conversion and be equal to replacement patent of the present invention, therefore, patent of the present invention is not limited to disclosed specific implementation process, and should comprise the whole embodiments that fall within the scope of Patent right requirement of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a silk tail Of-digestive-tract compound feed for young, it is characterized in that, described mixed feed comprises domestic fish meal, corn protein powder, dregs of beans, Cottonseed Meal, rapeseed dregs, wheat bran, Strong flour, brewer's yeast, fish oil, soya-bean oil, soybean lecithin, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, vitamin C phosphoric ester, taurine, Choline Chloride, salt, ethoxyquinoline, mineral substance premix, vitamin premix, wherein the percentage by weight of various raw materials is: domestic fish meal, 16～24%; Corn protein powder, 5～7%; Dregs of beans, 16～20%; Cottonseed Meal, 8～10%; Rapeseed dregs, 13～15%; Wheat bran, 2.29～5.23%; Strong flour, 12～14%; Brewer's yeast, 6～8%; Fish oil, 0.3～1.54%; Soya-bean oil, 4.7～5%; Soybean lecithin, 0.5～1%; Calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.8～1.5%; Vitamin C phosphoric ester, 0.05～0.1%; Taurine, 0.05～0.1%; Choline Chloride, 0.2～0.3%; Salt, 0.2～0.4%; Ethoxyquinoline, 0.01～0.03%; Mineral substance premix, 0.5～1.0%; Vitamin premix, 0.3～0.8%; The percentage by weight sum of all raw materials is 100%.
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| CN105076832A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-11-25 | 青岛海之源智能技术有限公司 | Compound feed for hemibagrus nemurus young fries and preparing method of compound feed |
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| CN115886153A (en) * | 2022-11-15 | 2023-04-04 | 中国长江三峡集团有限公司中华鲟研究所 | Compound feed for juvenile trachoma rotundus, preparation method and feeding method |
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| CN101912053A (en) * | 2010-07-19 | 2010-12-15 | 玉溪快大多畜牧科技有限公司 | Formulation technology of compound feed for carps |
| CN103039731A (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2013-04-17 | 浙江澳华饲料有限公司 | Mixed feed for mixed aquaculture of freshwater fish |
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| CN101912053A (en) * | 2010-07-19 | 2010-12-15 | 玉溪快大多畜牧科技有限公司 | Formulation technology of compound feed for carps |
| CN103039731A (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2013-04-17 | 浙江澳华饲料有限公司 | Mixed feed for mixed aquaculture of freshwater fish |
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