CN106562099A - Trachinotus ovatus formula feed - Google Patents
Trachinotus ovatus formula feed Download PDFInfo
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- CN106562099A CN106562099A CN201610789827.4A CN201610789827A CN106562099A CN 106562099 A CN106562099 A CN 106562099A CN 201610789827 A CN201610789827 A CN 201610789827A CN 106562099 A CN106562099 A CN 106562099A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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Abstract
The invention discloses a formula feed for optimizing body color of trachinotus ovatus and enhancing immunity. The formula feed is composed of, by weight, 60-72 parts of a protein source material, 7-13 parts of a lipid source material, 19-21 parts of a sugar source material, 0.015-0.6 part of pigment and synergist materials, 0.1-0.6 part of an antioxidant, 1-2 parts of multi-vitamin, 1-2 parts of complex mineral salt, 1-2 parts of monocalcium phosphate and 0.5-1 part of choline chloride. The feed can effectively optimize body color of trachinotus ovatus and enhance immunity and anti-stress capability of trachinotus ovatus, increase survival rate of trachinotus ovatus during stress period and reduce addition of disinfectants in water body during cultivation process, and also can promote growth. The problems, such as fish body color mutation, decrease in immunity and nutrition imbalance of a formula feed, which are caused by breeding environment degradation during the breeding process of trachinotus ovatus, are effectively solved. Sustainable development of trachinotus ovatus breeding industrial chain is realized. The formula feed of the invention has great economic benefit and social benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of feed, in particular it relates to a kind of oval pompano composite feedstuff.
Background technology
Golden pomfret belongs to water warm pelagic fishes, and individual big, meat is delicate, delicious, and growth is fast, and premunition is strong, can be complete
Granular mixed feed is eaten in group shot, and general cultivation is then, you can reaches traded commodity fish specification, remarkable in economical benefits, thus receives deeply
Culturist welcomes, and is a kind of high-quality cultivation object of domestic-developed in recent ten years, and the market demand is big, and culture benefit is high, can
Produce great economical, societal benefits.Golden pomfret is distributed in the East Sea, the South Sea and the Huanghai Sea in China, and main culturing area is pearl
The coastal area of triangle, breeding way has pond (including feed coefficient) to cultivate and cage culture, in being current marine fish culture
One of a large amount of several marine fishs few in number using mixed feed.
The intensive development that golden pomfret feed industry is depended on scale production of golden pomfret cultivation.But cut-off
Up to the present, the nutrition parameters research both at home and abroad to golden pomfret is less, fails to open the development of oval pompano composite feedstuff
Send out and strong theories integration is provided.At present the species of commercialization oval pompano composite feedstuff is more, and quality is uneven, and feedstuff into
The addition proportioning divided mostlys come from other marine fishs, the special quality mark of the golden pomfret feedstuff without theories integration
Standard, culture efficiency difference is very big, limits the sustainable large-scale cultivation of golden pomfret.
In addition, golden pomfret is in natural water, due to a large amount of algae rich in carotenoid and the life of swimming of having ingested
Thing, body colour is particularly fin ray and abdominal skin is more bright-coloured for golden yellow.Under the conditions of artificial cultivation, the mainly body for occurring at present
Color change and the decline of anti-stress ability, and due to body colour change and anti-stress ability decline and have a strong impact on its commodity value and
Nutritive value.The change of golden pomfret body colour has similarity with other Fish, i.e., except due to water environment condition, disease etc.
Affect outside the factor of body colour, it is important that feed substances generate great impact to the body colour of artificial cultivation golden pomfret.
Impact of the feed substances to fish body body colour its essence is and reflect feed substances to the i.e. health status of fish body entirety physiological function
Affect.How carrying out artificial cultivation golden pomfret using mixed feed can improve growth efficiency, reduce feed coefficient, while and
Fish body body colour and healthy quality can be strengthened, the pressure to environment is reduced, this problem is badly in need of solving.Accordingly, it would be desirable to a kind of proportioning
It is more scientific, nutrition more reasonably oval pompano composite feedstuff.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of oval pompano composite feedstuff, the feedstuff
Golden pomfret body colour can be optimized and its immunity is improved.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs.
A kind of oval pompano composite feedstuff, is made up of the raw material of following mass fraction：60～72 parts of protein sources raw material, fat
0.015～0.6 part of 7～13 parts of source raw material, 19～21 parts of sugar source raw material, pigment and synergist raw material；1～2 part of compound vitamin,
1～2 part of compound mineral salts, 1～2 part of dalcium biphosphate, 0.5～1 part of choline chloride, 0.1～0.6 part of antioxidant；Wherein, color
Element and synergist raw material are made up of 0.005～0.2 part of astaxanthin and 0.01～0.4 part of cholesterol.
The formula of feedstuff of the present invention is to golden pomfret nutritional need and its to golden pomfret growth and the impact of immunity
Carry out comprehensive and systematic research, and formed on the basis of contrast test repeatedly.The nutritional labeling of above-mentioned formula forage is：
Protein 36～37%, fat 13～15%, sugar 12～14%, ash 9～10%, and moisture 8～10%.So trophic component
Formula be suitable for the growth demand and immunostimulation demand of golden pomfret.
The key point of the present invention is first to understand the pigment being made up of astaxanthin and cholesterol and synergist raw material for avette
After the impact of silvery pomfret Scad growths and immunity, suitable consumption and the proportioning of the two can be just found.Preferably, when pigment and synergist
The mass ratio of astaxanthin and cholesterol is 1 in raw material:When 2, the natural body colour of fish body be can significantly strengthen, survival rate and enhancing improved
Fish body vigor, improves the premunition of golden pomfret.
Preferably, the protein sources raw material is made up of the raw material of following mass fraction：28～32 parts of fish flour, bean cake 27～30
Part, 3～4 parts of krill meal, 2～4 parts of Carnis Gallus domesticus powder.
Preferably, the fat source raw material is made up of the raw material of following mass fraction：5～8 parts of fish oil, soybean lecithin 2
～5 parts.
Preferably, the sugar source raw material is gluten flour.
Preferably, the compound vitamin by following mass percent into being grouped into：Vitamin A 1～1.5%, dimension life
Plain D30.7～1.1%, vitamin K32.5～3.5%, Vitamin E 18～22%, vitamin B10.7～0.9%, dimension life
Plain B21～1.2%, vitamin B61.1～1.3%, vitamin B120.2～0.3%, Folic Acid 0.3～0.4%, calcium pantothenate 4
～5%, biotin 1～2%, nicotinic acid 4～6%, inositol 13～17%, choline chloride 28～32% and medium maize cob meal 15～
16%.
Preferably, the compound mineral salts by following mass percent into being grouped into：ZnSO4·7H2O 15～2%,
MnSO4·H2O 1～1.5%, CuSO4·5H2O 0.3～0.6%, CoSO4·7H2O 0.3～0.6%, FeSO4·7H2O 6
～7%, Na2SeO30.6～0.8%, Ca (IO3)20.25～0.35%, KCl 12～13%, MgSO4·H2O 6～
6.5%, Na2SO411～13%, Ca (H2PO4)2·2H2O 35～45% and medium zeolite powder 17～19%.
Preferably, the antioxidant is vitamin C phosphoric ester.
Mixed feed of the present invention is in optimization golden pomfret body colour and improves the application in its immunity.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that：
The formula of feedstuff of the present invention is to golden pomfret nutritional need and its to golden pomfret growth and the impact of immunity
Carry out comprehensive and systematic research and formed on the basis of contrast test repeatedly, thus with extensive experiment basis and section
Learn foundation.From feedstuff as can be seen that feedstuff of the present invention contains multiple protein source, single Proteinogenic amino acids are overcome uneven
The problem of weighing apparatus, is conducive to improving efficiency of feed utilization, reduces ammonia nitrogen discharge, reduces environmental pollution.The invention provides a kind of pigment
Source and nutrition cooperate with most suitable adding method of the reinforcing agent in feedstuff with immunity, can optimize fish body body colour close to wild fish, can
The addition of water body disinfection medicine in breeding process is reduced, fish body immunity and anti-stress ability can be effectively improved, ovum is improved
Shape silvery pomfret Scad stress during survival rate etc., while growth, its effect can also be promoted to be substantially better than existing commercially available commercial feed.Jing
Cross long-term raising experiment result to show, with mixed feed of the present invention golden pomfret cultivated, whole breeding process, fish body vigor is good,
Fast growth, survival rate is high, and premunition is strong, and efficiency of feed utilization is high, and ammonia nitrogen discharge capacity is low.According to test result indicate that, feedstuff
Middle addition can increase immunity effect effect and ratio is 2：1 astaxanthin and cholesterol, can significantly strengthen the natural body colour of fish body,
Improve survival rate and strengthen fish body vigor, improve the premunition of golden pomfret.Feed Energy of the present invention efficiently solves current avette
Breeding environment deteriorates caused by caused golden pomfret immunity degradation and mixed feed nutritional imbalance in silvery pomfret Scad breeding process
Body colour desalinates problem, the sustainable development of golden pomfret aquaculture industry chain is realized, with great economic benefit and social benefit.
Description of the drawings
Oval pompano composite feedstuffs and business mixed feed of the Fig. 1 prepared by embodiment 1～5 is to golden pomfret body colour
Affect.
Fig. 2 is the fish body body colour result that comparative example 1 prepares feedstuff.
Fig. 3 is the fish body body colour result of the control feed of embodiment 4.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is made with reference to Figure of description and specific embodiment further being elaborated, the embodiment
It is served only for explaining the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.Test method used in following embodiments is such as without spy
Different explanation, is conventional method；Material, reagent for being used etc., are the reagent for commercially obtaining if no special instructions
And material.
Rate of body weight gain, specific rate of increase and survival rate described in each embodiment is calculated as follows respectively：
Rate of body weight gain (%)=100 × (last weight-initial weight)/initial weight
Specific rate of increase=100 × (ln ends weight-ln initial weight)/raise natural law
Survival rate (%)=(the bar number when bar number at the end of experiment/experiment starts) × 100%.
Embodiment 1
Granular oval pompano composite feedstuff is prepared by the composition of raw materials of formula 1 in table 1, wherein, it is multiple described in formula 1
Vitamin is closed by following mass percent into being grouped into：Vitamin A 1～1.5%, vitamin D30.7～1.1%, dimension life
Plain K32.5～3.5%, Vitamin E 18～22%, vitamin B10.7～0.9%, vitamin B21～1.2%, vitamin
B61.1～1.3%, vitamin B120.2～0.3%, Folic Acid 0.3～0.45, calcium pantothenate 4～5%, biotin 1～2%, cigarette
Acid 4～6%, inositol 13～17%, choline chloride 28～32% and medium maize cob meal 15～16%.It is combined described in formula 1
Mineral salt is by following mass percent into being grouped into：ZnSO4·7H2O 15～2%, MnSO4·H2O 1～1.5%,
CuSO4·5H2O 0.3～0.6%, CoSO4·7H2O 0.3～0.6%, FeSO4·7H2O 6～7%, Na2SeO30.6～
0.8%, Ca (IO3)20.25～0.35%, KCl 12～13%, MgSO4·H2O 6～6.5%, Na2SO411～13%, Ca
(H2PO4)2·2H2O 35～45% and medium zeolite powder 17～19%.Enhancing golden pomfret body colour used in formula 1 and carry
The pigment source of high immunity and nutrition press 1 with immune synergist by astaxanthin and cholesterol：2 are formulated.
Table 1 is the formula of the feedstuff of embodiment 1～5
The optimization golden pomfret body colour prepared to embodiment 1 and the mixed feed of enhance immunity carry out nutritional labeling detection
Analysis, it is found that it contains 36.57% protein, and 13.97% is fatty, and 13.34% is sugared, 9.30% ash, 9.02% moisture, such as table 2
It is shown.
The nutritional labeling of the oval pompano composite feedstuff prepared by the embodiment 1～5 of table 2
| Composition | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 | Embodiment 5 |
| Protein (wt%) | 36.57 | 36.26 | 36.65 | 36.83 | 36.23 |
| Fatty (wt%) | 13.97 | 14.01 | 14.06 | 14.11 | 13.76 |
| Sugared (wt%) | 13.34 | 13.93 | 13.27 | 13.16 | 12.97 |
| Ash (wt%) | 9.30 | 9.02 | 9.59 | 9.66 | 9.77 |
| Moisture (wt%) | 9.02 | 9.39 | 9.44 | 9.27 | 9.54 |
The feedstuff cultivation golden pomfret 56 days prepared with above-described embodiment 1, in water quality, management and original body mass (first initial body
Weight 5.87g, similarly hereinafter) in the case of identical, feed efficiency of the present invention is raised with feeding business golden pomfret general on market and coordinating
Material effect compare, body weight increase 3.4% (the average opisthosoma weight of forage feed of the present invention be 80.21g, commercially available fish commercial feed
The average opisthosoma weight fed is 77.57g), (WG of forage feed of the present invention is 1266, commercially available fish for rate of body weight gain (WG) increase 3.7%
The WG that commercial feed is fed is that 1221), feed coefficient (FCR) reduces 5.1%, and (FCR of forage feed of the present invention is 1.66, commercially available
The FCR of fish monger's industry forage feed for 1.75), survival rate improve 16.66% (survival rate of forage feed of the present invention is 88.33%,
The survival rate of commercially available fish monger's industry forage feed is 71.67%), as shown in table 3.
After culture experiment terminates, each feedstuff group takes 30 tail golden pomfret and carries out ammonia nitrogen stress tests, each cultivation system
NH is added in system4Cl makes NH4 in water body+25.05mg/L is reached, equivalent to NH in water body3Content be 6.46mg/L.24 hours
Afterwards, the survival rate of the golden pomfret of the feedstuff cultivation that prepared by above-described embodiment 1 is 60%, and the cultivation of commercial particle feedstuff is avette
The survival rate of silvery pomfret Scad is 45%, and survival rate improves 15%.
The feeding effect of the mixed feed prepared by the embodiment 1 of table 3
| Testing index | Embodiment 1 | Commercially available fish commercial feed | The commercially available fish commercial feed of embodiment 1/ |
| Initial average weight/g | 5.87 | 5.87 | 1 |
| Average weight/g after raising | 80.21 | 77.57 | 1.034 |
| Rate of body weight gain (WG) | 1266 | 1221 | 1.037 |
| Feed coefficient (FCR) | 1.66 | 1.75 | 0.949 |
| Survival rate | 88.33% | 71.67% | 1.232 |
Embodiment 2
Granular oval pompano composite feedstuff is prepared by the composition of raw materials of formula 2 in table 1, it is compound used in formula 2
Vitamin is by following mass percent into being grouped into：Vitamin A 1～1.5%, vitamin D30.7～1.1%, vitamin K3
2.5～3.5%, Vitamin E 18～22%, vitamin B10.7～0.9%, vitamin B21～1.2%, vitamin B6 1.1
～1.3%, vitamin B120.2～0.3%, Folic Acid 0.3～0.4%, calcium pantothenate 4～5%, biotin 1～2%, nicotinic acid 4～
6%, inositol 13～17%, choline chloride 28～32% and medium maize cob meal 15～16%.Grandidierite used in formula 22
Thing salt is by following mass percent into being grouped into：ZnSO4·7H2O 15～2%, MnSO4·H2O 1～1.5%, CuSO4·
5H2O 0.3～0.6%, CoSO4·7H2O 0.3～0.6%, FeSO4·7H2O 6～7%, Na2SeO30.6～0.8%, Ca
(IO3)20.25～0.35%, KCl 12～13%, MgSO4·H2O 6～6.5%, Na2SO411～13%, Ca
(H2PO4)2·2H2O 35～45% and medium zeolite powder 17～19%.Enhancing golden pomfret body colour used in formula 2 and carry
The pigment source of high immunity and nutrition press 1 with immune synergist by astaxanthin and cholesterol：2 are formulated.
The optimization golden pomfret body colour prepared to embodiment 2 and the mixed feed of enhance immunity carry out nutritional labeling detection
Analysis, it is found that it contains 36.26% protein, and 14.01% is fatty, and 13.93% is sugared, 9.02% ash, 9.39% moisture, such as table 2
It is shown.
The feedstuff cultivation original body mass prepared with above-described embodiment 2 is the golden pomfret 56 days of 5.87g, and feedstuff of the present invention is fed
Foster average opisthosoma weight is 90.79g, and the average opisthosoma weight of commercially available fish monger's industry forage feed is 77.57g；Forage feed of the present invention
Golden pomfret rate of body weight gain be 1442, feed coefficient is 1.22, and survival rate is 96.67%；With feed business general on market
Industry pellet is compared, and rate of body weight gain improves 18.10% (commercial feed rate of body weight gain 1221), and feed coefficient reduces 30.29%
(commercial feed feed coefficient 1.75), survival rate improves 25% (commercial feed survival rate 71.67%).
After culture experiment terminates, each feedstuff group takes 30 tail golden pomfret and carries out ammonia nitrogen stress tests, each cultivation system
NH is added in system4Cl makes NH4 in water body+25.05mg/L is reached, equivalent to NH in water body3Content be 6.46mg/L.24 hours
Afterwards, the survival rate of the golden pomfret of the feedstuff cultivation that prepared by above-described embodiment 2 is 77%, and the cultivation of commercial particle feedstuff is avette
The survival rate of silvery pomfret Scad is 45%, and survival rate improves 32%.
Embodiment 3
Granular oval pompano composite feedstuff is prepared by the composition of raw materials of formula 3 in table 1, it is compound used in formula 3
Vitamin is by following mass percent into being grouped into：Vitamin A 1～1.5%, vitamin D30.7～1.1%, vitamin K3
2.5～3.5%, Vitamin E 18～22%, vitamin B10.7～0.9%, vitamin B21～1.2%, vitamin B6 1.1
～1.3%, vitamin B120.2～0.3%, Folic Acid 0.3～0.4%, calcium pantothenate 4～5%, biotin 1～2%, nicotinic acid 4～
6%, inositol 13～17%, choline chloride 28～32% and medium maize cob meal 15～16%.Complex mineral used in formula 3
Salt is by following mass percent into being grouped into：ZnSO4·7H2O 15～2%, MnSO4·H2O 1～1.5%, CuSO4·
5H2O 0.3～0.6%, CoSO4·7H2O 0.3～0.6%, FeSO4·7H2O 6～7%, Na2SeO30.6～0.8%, Ca
(IO3)20.25～0.35%, KCl 12～13%, MgSO4·H2O 6～6.5%, Na2SO411～13%, Ca
(H2PO4)2·2H2O 35～45% and medium zeolite powder 17～19%.Enhancing golden pomfret body colour used in formula 3 and carry
The pigment source of high immunity and nutrition press 1 with immune synergist by astaxanthin and cholesterol：2 are formulated.
The optimization golden pomfret body colour prepared to embodiment 3 and the mixed feed of enhance immunity carry out nutritional labeling detection
Analysis, it is found that it contains 36.65% protein, and 14.01% is fatty, and 13.93% is sugared, 9.59% ash, 9.44% moisture, such as table 2
It is shown.
The feedstuff cultivation original body mass prepared with above-described embodiment 3 is the golden pomfret 56 days of 5.87g, and feedstuff of the present invention is fed
Foster average opisthosoma weight is 91.05g, and the average opisthosoma weight of commercially available fish monger's industry forage feed is 77.57g；Forage feed of the present invention
Golden pomfret rate of body weight gain be 1447, feed coefficient is 1.27, and survival rate is 88.33%；With feed business general on market
Industry pellet is compared, and rate of body weight gain improves 18.51% (commercial feed rate of body weight gain 1221), and feed coefficient reduces 27.43%
(commercial feed feed coefficient 1.75), survival rate improves 16.66% (commercial feed survival rate 71.67%).
After culture experiment terminates, each feedstuff group takes 30 tail golden pomfret and carries out ammonia nitrogen stress tests, each cultivation system
NH is added in system4Cl makes NH4 in water body+25.05mg/L is reached, equivalent to NH in water body3Content be 6.46mg/L.24 hours
Afterwards, the survival rate of the golden pomfret of the feedstuff cultivation that prepared by above-described embodiment 3 is 70%, and the cultivation of commercial particle feedstuff is avette
The survival rate of silvery pomfret Scad is 45%, and survival rate improves 25%.
Embodiment 4
Granular oval pompano composite feedstuff is prepared by the composition of raw materials of formula 4 in table 1, it is compound used in formula 4
Vitamin is by following mass percent into being grouped into：Vitamin A 1～1.5%, vitamin D30.7～1.1%, vitamin K3
2.5～3.5%, Vitamin E 18～22%, vitamin B10.7～0.9%, vitamin B21～1.2%, vitamin B6 1.1
～1.3%, vitamin B120.2～0.3%, Folic Acid 0.3～0.4%, calcium pantothenate 4～5%, biotin 1～2%, nicotinic acid 4～
6%, inositol 13～17%, choline chloride 28～32% and medium maize cob meal 15～16%.Complex mineral used in formula 4
Salt is by following mass percent into being grouped into：ZnSO4·7H2O 15～2%, MnSO4·H2O 1～1.5%, CuSO4·
5H2O 0.3～0.6%, CoSO4·7H2O 0.3～0.6%, FeSO4·7H2O 6～7%, Na2SeO30.6～0.8%, Ca
(IO3)20.25～0.35%, KCl 12～13%, MgSO4·H2O 6～6.5%, Na2SO411～13%, Ca
(H2PO4)2·2H2O 35～45% and medium zeolite powder 17～19%.Enhancing golden pomfret body colour used in formula 4 and carry
The pigment source of high immunity and nutrition press 1 with immune synergist by astaxanthin and cholesterol：2 are formulated.
The optimization golden pomfret body colour prepared to embodiment 4 and the mixed feed of enhance immunity carry out nutritional labeling detection
Analysis, it is found that it contains 36.83% protein, and 14.11% is fatty, and 13.16% is sugared, 9.66% ash, 9.27% moisture, such as table 2
It is shown.
The feedstuff cultivation original body mass prepared with above-described embodiment 4 is the golden pomfret 56 days of 5.87g, and feedstuff of the present invention is fed
Foster average opisthosoma weight is 90.22g, and the average opisthosoma weight of commercially available fish monger's industry forage feed is 77.57g；Forage feed of the present invention
Golden pomfret rate of body weight gain be 1437, feed coefficient is 1.26, and survival rate is 91.67%；With feed business general on market
Industry pellet is compared, and rate of body weight gain improves 17.69% (commercial feed rate of body weight gain 1221), and feed coefficient reduces 28% (business
Industry feedstuff feed coefficient 1.75), survival rate improves 20% (commercial feed survival rate 71.67%).
After culture experiment terminates, each feedstuff group takes 30 tail golden pomfret and carries out ammonia nitrogen stress tests, each cultivation system
NH is added in system4Cl makes NH4 in water body+25.05mg/L is reached, equivalent to NH in water body3Content be 6.46mg/L.24 hours
Afterwards, the survival rate of the golden pomfret of the feedstuff cultivation that prepared by above-described embodiment 4 is 80%, and the cultivation of commercial particle feedstuff is avette
The survival rate of silvery pomfret Scad is 45%, and survival rate improves 35%.
Embodiment 5
Granular oval pompano composite feedstuff is prepared by the composition of raw materials of formula 5 in table 1, it is compound used in formula 5
Vitamin is by following mass percent into being grouped into：Vitamin A 1～1.5%, vitamin D30.7～1.1%, vitamin K3
2.5～3.5%, Vitamin E 18～22%, vitamin B10.7～0.9%, vitamin B21～1.2%, vitamin B6 1.1
～1.3%, vitamin B120.2～0.3%, Folic Acid 0.3～0.4%, calcium pantothenate 4～5%, biotin 1～2%, nicotinic acid 4～
6%, inositol 13～17%, choline chloride 28～32% and medium maize cob meal 15～16%.Complex mineral used in formula 5
Salt is by following mass percent into being grouped into：ZnSO4·7H2O 15～2%, MnSO4·H2O 1～1.5%, CuSO4·
5H2O 0.3～0.6%, CoSO4·7H2O 0.3～0.6%, FeSO4·7H2O 6～7%, Na2SeO30.6～0.8%, Ca
(IO3)20.25～0.35%, KCl 12～13%, MgSO4·H2O 6～6.5%, Na2SO411～13%, Ca
(H2PO4)2·2H2O 35～45% and medium zeolite powder 17～19%.Enhancing golden pomfret body colour used in formula 5 and carry
The pigment source of high immunity and nutrition press 1 with immune synergist by astaxanthin and cholesterol：2 are formulated.
The optimization golden pomfret body colour prepared to embodiment 5 and the mixed feed of enhance immunity carry out nutritional labeling detection
Analysis, it is found that it contains 36.23% protein, and 13.76% is fatty, and 12.97% is sugared, 9.77% ash, 9.54% moisture, such as table 2
It is shown.
The feedstuff cultivation original body mass prepared with above-described embodiment 5 is the golden pomfret 56 days of 5.87g, and feedstuff of the present invention is fed
Foster average opisthosoma weight is 90.05g, and the average opisthosoma weight of commercially available fish monger's industry forage feed is 77.57g；Forage feed of the present invention
Golden pomfret rate of body weight gain be 1434, feed coefficient is 1.23, and survival rate is 88.33%；With feed business general on market
Industry pellet is compared, and rate of body weight gain improves 17.44% (commercial feed rate of body weight gain 1221), and feed coefficient reduces 29.71%
(commercial feed feed coefficient 1.75), survival rate improves 16.66% (commercial feed survival rate 71.67%).
After culture experiment terminates, each feedstuff group takes 30 tail golden pomfret and carries out ammonia nitrogen stress tests, each cultivation system
NH is added in system4Cl makes NH4 in water body+25.05mg/L is reached, equivalent to NH in water body3Content be 6.46mg/L.24 hours
Afterwards, the survival rate of the golden pomfret of the feedstuff cultivation that prepared by above-described embodiment 5 is 79%, and the cultivation of commercial particle feedstuff is avette
The survival rate of silvery pomfret Scad is 45%, and survival rate improves 34%.
Embodiment 6
With the oval pompano composite feedstuff prepared by above-described embodiment 1～5 and business mixed feed cultivation golden pomfret 56
My god, golden pomfret body colour is as shown in figure 1 above.Mixed feed cultivation prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1～5 as seen from Figure 1
Golden pomfret body colour be significantly better than commercial feed cultivation golden pomfret body colour.
In sum, mixed feed of the invention can effectively optimize golden pomfret body colour, improve exempting from for golden pomfret
Epidemic disease power and anti-stress ability, improve golden pomfret stress during survival rate etc., water body disinfection medicine in breeding process can be reduced
The addition of thing, while growth can also be promoted.
Comparative example 1
If the addition of pigment astaxanthin and synergist raw material is respectively 0.0025% and 0.005%, mixed feed battalion
It contains 36.65% protein for foster component analyses, and 13.88% is fatty, and 13.41% is sugared, 9.32% ash, 9.10% moisture.Formula
Composition is as follows：
| Raw material | Formula (%) |
| Protein source raw material | |
| Fish flour | 28 |
| Bean cake | 29 |
| Krill meal | 3 |
| Carnis Gallus domesticus powder | 4 |
| Sugar source raw material | |
| Gluten flour | 20.9925 |
| Fat source raw material | |
| Fish oil | 6 |
| Soybean lecithin | 4 |
| Pigment source raw material and synergist | |
| Astaxanthin (10%) | 0.0025 |
| Cholesterol | 0.005 |
| Antioxidant | |
| Vitamin C phosphoric ester | 0.5 |
| Other | |
| Dalcium biphosphate | 2 |
| Compound vitamin | 1 |
| Compound mineral salts | 1 |
| Choline chloride (50%) | 0.5 |
The feedstuff prepared with above-mentioned formula cultivates golden pomfret 56 days, in water quality, management and original body mass (original body mass
5.87g) in the case of identical, this prepares feed efficiency and feeds business oval pompano composite feedstuff effect phase general on market
Relatively, body weight increase is only 0.18% (this average opisthosoma weight for preparing forage feed is 77.71g, commercially available fish monger's industry forage feed
Average opisthosoma weight be 77.57g), rate of body weight gain (WG) increase is only that 0.25% (this WG for preparing forage feed is 1224, commercially available
The WG of fish monger's industry forage feed be 1221), feed coefficient (FCR) be not changed in (this prepare forage feed FCR be 1.75, city
The FCR of fish monger's industry forage feed is sold for 1.75), it is only 0.92% that survival rate is improved, and (this survival rate for preparing forage feed is
72.33%, the survival rate of commercially available fish monger's industry forage feed is as shown in the table for 71.67%).
After culture experiment terminates, each feedstuff group takes 30 tail golden pomfret and carries out ammonia nitrogen stress tests, each cultivation system
NH is added in system4Cl makes NH4 in water body+24.95mg/L is reached, equivalent to NH in water body3Content be 6.43mg/L.24 hours
Afterwards, the survival rate of the golden pomfret of the feedstuff cultivation of above-mentioned preparation is 50%, and the golden pomfret of commercial particle feedstuff cultivation
Survival rate is 45%, and survival rate improve only 15%.
The addition of pigment and synergist is respectively the feeding effect of 0.0025% and 0.005% mixed feed
| Testing index | Prepare feedstuff | Commercially available fish commercial feed | Prepare feedstuff/commercially available fish commercial feed |
| Initial average weight/g | 5.87 | 5.87 | 1 |
| Average weight/g after raising | 77.71 | 77.57 | 1.002 |
| Rate of body weight gain (WG) | 1224 | 1221 | 1.002 |
| Feed coefficient (FCR) | 1.75 | 1.75 | 1 |
| Survival rate | 72.33% | 71.67% | 1.009 |
In addition, this fish body body colour for preparing feedstuff is as follows：The fish body body colour of fish body body colour and commercially available commercial feed is not bright
Aobvious difference, fish body side shows silvery white, and fin ray and abdominal skin color are not in yellow, see Fig. 2.
Therefore, the addition of pigment astaxanthin and synergist raw material is respectively the feeding prepared by 0.0025% and 0.005%
Material compared with commercially available commercial feed, weight gain, feed coefficient, anti-ammonia nitrogen stress and the aspect such as fish body body colour without significantly imitating
Really.Illustrate that this feedstuff addition is insufficient for needed for golden pomfret growth, body colour and immunity.
Comparative example 2
In order to compare synergism of the cholesterol to astaxanthin, we compare the feed efficiency in embodiment 4；Embodiment
The addition of astaxanthin and cholesterol is respectively 0.1% and 0.2% in 4, and embodiment 4 compares the shrimp green grass or young crops that only with the addition of 0.1%
Element is without extra addition cholesterol.
The feedstuff prepared with above-described embodiment 4 and the control of embodiment 4 cultivates respectively golden pomfret 56 days, in water quality, management
And in the case of original body mass (original body mass 5.87g) identical, the cooperation that the feed efficiency of embodiment 4 is compareed with embodiment 4 is raised
Material effect compares, and body weight increases 11%, and (the average opisthosoma weight of the forage feed of embodiment 4 is 90.22g, and the control of embodiment 4 is raised
The average opisthosoma weight that material is fed is 81.31g), rate of body weight gain (WG) increases 11.83%, and (WG of the forage feed of embodiment 4 is
1437, the WG that the control feed of embodiment 4 is fed is that 1285), feed coefficient (FCR) reduces 14.29% (the feedstuff group of embodiment 4
FCR be 1.26, the FCR of the control feed group of embodiment 4 is for 1.47), survival rate improves the 9.56% (forage feed of embodiment 4
Survival rate be 91.67%, the survival rate that the control feed of embodiment 4 is fed is as shown in the table for 83.67%).
After culture experiment terminates, each feedstuff group takes 30 tail golden pomfret and carries out ammonia nitrogen stress tests, each cultivation system
NH is added in system4Cl makes NH4 in water body+25.05mg/L is reached, equivalent to NH in water body3Content be 6.46mg/L.24 hours
Afterwards, the survival rate of the golden pomfret of the feedstuff cultivation that prepared by above-described embodiment 4 is 80%, and feedstuff prepared by the control of embodiment 4
The golden pomfret survival rate of cultivation is 75%, and survival rate improves 5%.
The feeding effect of embodiment 4 and the control feed of embodiment 4 compares
In addition, the fish body body colour of the control feed of embodiment 4 is as follows：Compare with the body colour of embodiment 4, the control of embodiment 4 is raised
The fish body body colour of material is substantially shallower than the fish body body colour of embodiment 4, sees Fig. 3.
Accordingly, as the collaboration reinforcing agent in terms of astaxanthin body colour and immune effect, the collaboration additive effect of cholesterol will
It is significantly better than the effect of individually addition astaxanthin.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of oval pompano composite feedstuff, it is characterised in that be made up of the raw material of following mass fraction：Protein sources raw material 60～
72 parts, 7～13 parts of fat source raw material, 19～21 parts of sugar source raw material, 0.015～0.6 part of pigment and synergist raw material；Compound dimension life
1～2 part of element, 1～2 part of compound mineral salts, 1～2 part of dalcium biphosphate, 0.5～1 part of choline chloride, antioxidant 0.1～0.6
Part；Wherein, pigment and synergist raw material are made up of 0.005～0.2 part of astaxanthin and 0.01～0.4 part of cholesterol.
2. mixed feed according to claim 1, it is characterised in that astaxanthin and gallbladder in the pigment and synergist raw material
The mass ratio of sterin is 1:2.
3. mixed feed according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that the protein sources raw material is by following mass fraction
Raw material composition：28～32 parts of fish flour, 27～30 parts of bean cake, 3～4 parts of krill meal, 2～4 parts of Carnis Gallus domesticus powder.
4. mixed feed according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that the fat source raw material is by following mass fraction
Raw material composition：5～8 parts of fish oil, 2～5 parts of soybean lecithin.
5. mixed feed according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that the sugar source raw material is gluten flour.
6. mixed feed according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that the compound vitamin is by following quality percentage
It is several into being grouped into：Vitamin A 1～1.5%, vitamin D3 0.7～1.1%, vitamin K32.5～3.5%, Vitamin E 18
～22%, vitamin B1 0.7～0.9%, vitamin B2 1～1.2%, vitamin B61.1～1.3%, vitamin B12 0.2～
0.3%, Folic Acid 0.3～0.4%, calcium pantothenate 4～5%, biotin 1～2%, nicotinic acid 4～6%, inositol 13～17%, choline chloride
28～32% and medium maize cob meal 15～16%.
7. mixed feed according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that the compound mineral salts are by following quality percentage
It is several into being grouped into：ZnSO4·7H2O 15～2%, MnSO4·H2O 1～1.5%, CuSO4·5H2O 0.3～0.6%,
CoSO4·7H2O 0.3～0.6%, FeSO4·7H2O 6～7%, Na2SeO30.6～0.8%, Ca (IO3)20.25～0.35%,
KCl 12～13%, MgSO4·H2O 6～6.5%, Na2SO4 11～13%, Ca (H2PO4)2·2H2O 35～45% and medium zeolite
Powder 17～19%.
8. mixed feed according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that the antioxidant is vitamin C phosphoric ester.
9. any one of claim 1 to 8 mixed feed is in optimization golden pomfret body colour and improves the application in its immunity.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108835459A (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2018-11-20 | 中山大学 | A kind of efficient mixed feed for promoting egg-shaped pompano growth |
| CN108850683A (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2018-11-23 | 中山大学 | A kind of low meal compound feed of egg-shaped pompano |
| CN110810670A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-02-21 | 华南农业大学 | Trachinotus ovatus juvenile compound feed based on fat powder and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104642815A (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2015-05-27 | 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 | Compound feed for promoting digestion and growth of trachinotus ovatus |
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| CN1864522A (en) * | 2006-06-26 | 2006-11-22 | 广东恒兴集团有限公司 | A method for preparing environment friendly expanded mixed feedstuff for trachinotusovatus |
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| CN108835459A (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2018-11-20 | 中山大学 | A kind of efficient mixed feed for promoting egg-shaped pompano growth |
| CN110810670A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-02-21 | 华南农业大学 | Trachinotus ovatus juvenile compound feed based on fat powder and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20170419 |