CN104642815A - Compound feed for promoting digestion and growth of trachinotus ovatus - Google Patents
Compound feed for promoting digestion and growth of trachinotus ovatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN104642815A CN104642815A CN201510114727.7A CN201510114727A CN104642815A CN 104642815 A CN104642815 A CN 104642815A CN 201510114727 A CN201510114727 A CN 201510114727A CN 104642815 A CN104642815 A CN 104642815A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a compound feed for promoting digestion and growth of trachinotus ovatus. The compound feed for promoting the digestion and growth of the trachinotus ovatus comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 27-32% of white fish meal, 14-22% of soybean protein concentrate, 7-9% of soybean meal, 4-7% of peanut meal, 23-27% of flour, 5.5-7% of soybean oil, 3-8% of fish oil, 0.85-1.2% of calcium dihydrogen phoshate, 0.85-1.0% of vitamin premix, 0.8-0.9% of mineral substance premix, 0.35-0.55% of choline chloride, 0.3-0.7% of lecithin and 0.03-0.04% of rhodotorula mucilaginosa. The compound feed for promoting the digestion and growth of the trachinotus ovatus has the advantages that food calling property is good, the nutrition is balanced, and the growth of the trachinotus ovatus can be obviously promoted; after feeding, the protein content of a trachinotus ovatus body is increased, the activeness of digestive ferments in liver and intestinal tracts is obviously enhanced, the digestion of protein and starch and the absorption and the utilization of the feed are promoted, and the economic benefit of breeding and ecological benefit of the environment can be increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fish meal, relate in particular to a kind of mixed feed that egg-shaped pompano digests and grows that promotes.
Background technology
Egg-shaped pompano (Trachinotus ovatus) is commonly called as golden silvery pomfret, yellow cured silvery pomfrets etc., are a kind of warm water fisheses, are distributed widely in each ocean, the world, fine and tender taste, delicious, is always listed in famous and precious edible fishes, and growth is fast, can go on the market then, remarkable in economical benefits, welcomes by culturist deeply, has become southern seawater cage culture principal item at present.According to statistics, Hainan Region about 90% deep-water net cage culture egg-shaped pompano in 2010, within 2011, China's cultured output reaches 80,000 tons, collaboration forage volume is about 100,000 tons, China's egg-shaped pompano cultivation now begins to take shape, carry out nutritional need research in a deep going way and promote mixed feed quality to the standardization of propelling egg-shaped pompano, intensive culture is extremely important.
But, along with the continuous expansion of egg-shaped pompano cultivation scale, improving constantly of intensive degree, add ordering about of cultivation interests, the research and development of major part oval pompano composite feedstuff are all to reduce in feed fish meal content and add phagostimulant that to increase food ration etc. be main research purpose, as Chinese patent application CN102210414A discloses a kind of low fish meal oval pompano composite feedstuff and preparation method thereof, it is by increasing FSPC (content 30 ~ 40%) and peameal (content 5 ~ 10%) etc., fish meal content in feed is made to be only 6 ~ 10%, thus reduction feed cost, Chinese patent application CN200810219366 discloses a kind of composite feeding promoting agent for egg-shaped pompano, it is by adding by dimethyl-β-DMPT, inosinic acid, natrium citricum, the composite feeding promoting agent of five kinds of composition compositions such as aspartic acid and glutamic acid, to promote that egg-shaped pompano is ingested, improve culture benefit.Simultaneously, for pursuing higher cultivation profit, raiser is often excessive to throw something and feed with Shortening culturing period, but, the rate that digests and absorbs of many mixed feeds is not high, excessive very easily pollution breeding environment of throwing something and feeding even affects egg-shaped pompano digestive system, causes egg-shaped pompano disease frequently occur and be on the rise.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problem, the invention provides a kind of mixed feed that egg-shaped pompano digests and grows that promotes, to solve problems of the prior art, it can not only promote digesting and assimilating of egg-shaped pompano and grow, and also has regulating water quality and prophylactic effect.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of mixed feed promoting egg-shaped pompano digestion and growth, described feed is grouped into by the one-tenth of following percentage by weight: white fish meal 27% ~ 32%, FSPC 14% ~ 22%, Soybean Meal 7% ~ 9%, peanut meal 4% ~ 7%, flour 23% ~ 27%, soybean oil 5.5% ~ 7%, fish oil 3% ~ 8%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 0.85% ~ 1.2%, vitamin premix 0.85% ~ 1.0%, mineral substance premix 0.8% ~ 0.9%, Choline Chloride 0.35% ~ 0.55%, lecithin 0.3% ~ 0.7% and rhodotorula mucilaginosa 0.03% ~ 0.04%.
Preferably, a kind of mixed feed promoting egg-shaped pompano digestion and growth, described feed is grouped into by the one-tenth of following percentage by weight: white fish meal 27.16%, FSPC 22%, Soybean Meal 7%, peanut meal 4%, flour 23%, soybean oil 5.5%, fish oil 8%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 0.9%, vitamin premix 0.9%, mineral substance premix 0.8%, Choline Chloride 0.4%, lecithin 0.3% and rhodotorula mucilaginosa 0.04%.
Preferably, described vitamin premix comprises following component: vitamin A, Cobastab
1, Cobastab
2, Cobastab
3, Cobastab
5, Cobastab
6, Cobastab
7, Cobastab
8, Cobastab
9, Cobastab
12, vitamin D
3, vitamin E, vitamin K
3and microcrystalline cellulose.
Preferably, every kilogram of described vitamin premix comprises following component and weight: vitamin A 0.04g, Cobastab
10.045g, Cobastab
20.022g, Cobastab
30.168g, Cobastab
50.102g, Cobastab
60.04g, Cobastab
70.0004g, Cobastab
80.45g, Cobastab
90.01g, Cobastab
120.00004g, vitamin D
30.0001g, vitamin E 0.08g, vitamin K
30.015g, surplus is microcrystalline cellulose; The preparation method of described vitamin premix comprises the following steps: take each composition according to proportioning, then mix and get final product.
Preferably, described mineral substance premix comprises following component: FeSO
46H
2o, MgSO
47H
2o, NaCl, CuSO
45H
2o, ZnSO
4h
2o, CoCl
26H
2o, MnSO
4h
2o and zeolite powder.
Preferably, every kilogram of described mineral substance premix comprises following component and weight: FeSO
46H
2o 0.8g, MgSO
47H
2o 0.18g, NaCl 0.1g, CuSO
45H
2o 0.01g, ZnSO
4h
2o 0.04g, CoCl
26H
2o 0.028g, MnSO
4h
2o 0.06g, surplus is zeolite powder; The preparation method of described mineral substance premix comprises the following steps: take each composition according to proportioning, then mix and get final product.
Preferably, described rhodotorula mucilaginosa is ocean rhodotorula mucilaginosa.
Preferably, described ocean rhodotorula mucilaginosa comprises the composition of following percentage by weight: moisture 81.17%, crude protein 9.27%, total reducing sugar 4.2%, beta glucan 1.3%, beta carotene 0.00014%, astaxanthin 0.0001% and vitamin E 0.0172%.
Preferably, described Choline Chloride is be the Choline Chloride powder of 50% Choline Chloride containing mass fraction, and namely wherein effectively Choline Chloride accounts for 50% of Choline Chloride powder gross mass.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: this feed attractant is good, and balanced in nutrition, significantly can promote the growth of egg-shaped pompano; After throwing something and feeding, egg-shaped pompano fish body protein content increases, and the digestive enzyme activity of liver and enteron aisle significantly strengthens, and facilitates the digestion of protein and starch and absorbing of feed, also can effectively improve fanning economics and environmental ecological benefit simultaneously.
Detailed description of the invention
For the ease of the understanding of those skilled in the art, be described further technical solution of the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment, the content that embodiment is mentioned not is limitation of the invention.
In following examples, test fish is from proving ground, aquatic products research institute Shenzhen, the South Sea, and test ocean rhodotorula mucilaginosa is from Hai Lixin bio tech ltd of aquatic products research institute, the South Sea, and other each raw materials adopt commercially available prod.
Embodiment one
The present embodiment oval pompano composite feedstuff configures according to following percentage by weight: white fish meal 27.16%, FSPC 22%, Soybean Meal 7%, peanut meal 4%, flour 23%, soybean oil 5.5%, fish oil 8%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 0.9%, vitamin premix 0.9%, mineral substance premix 0.8%, Choline Chloride 0.4%, lecithin 0.3% and ocean rhodotorula mucilaginosa 0.04%.
Every kilogram of described vitamin premix comprises following component and weight: vitamin A 0.04g, Cobastab
10.045g, Cobastab
20.022g, Cobastab
30.168g, Cobastab
50.102g, Cobastab
60.04g, Cobastab
70.0004g, Cobastab
80.45g, Cobastab
90.01g, Cobastab
120.00004g, vitamin D
30.0001g, vitamin E 0.08g, vitamin K
30.015g, surplus is microcrystalline cellulose; The preparation method of described vitamin premix comprises the following steps: take each composition according to proportioning, then mix and get final product.
Every kilogram of described mineral substance premix comprises following component and weight: FeSO
46H
2o 0.8g, MgSO
47H
2o 0.18g, NaCl 0.1g, CuSO
45H
2o 0.01g, ZnSO
4h
2o0.04g, CoCl
26H
2o 0.028g, MnSO
4h
2o 0.06g, surplus is zeolite powder; The preparation method of described mineral substance premix comprises the following steps: take each composition according to proportioning, then mix and get final product.
Described ocean rhodotorula mucilaginosa comprises the composition of following percentage by weight: moisture 81.17%, crude protein 9.27%, total reducing sugar 4.2%, beta glucan 1.3%, beta carotene 0.00014%, astaxanthin 0.0001% and vitamin E 0.0172%.
Described Choline Chloride is be the Choline Chloride powder of 50% Choline Chloride containing mass fraction, and namely wherein effectively Choline Chloride accounts for 50% of Choline Chloride powder gross mass.
The oval pompano composite feedstuff preparation method that the present embodiment provides is as follows: weighed after above-mentioned all solids raw material being pulverized 80 mesh sieves and preliminary mixing, add fish oil and soybean oil, add the husky filter sterilization seawater uniform stirring that salinity is 32 ‰, expanded granulation is carried out by bulking machine, be placed on after granulation in 90 DEG C of baking ovens (putting proper amount of clear water in baking oven) and toast 2 hours, then drain obtained in air-conditioned room, store after packaging.
Embodiment two
The present embodiment oval pompano composite feedstuff configures according to following percentage by weight: white fish meal 27.0%, FSPC 17.765%, Soybean Meal 7%, peanut meal 7.0%, flour 27%, soybean oil 6%, fish oil 4.5%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1.2%, vitamin premix 0.85%, mineral substance premix 0.9%, Choline Chloride 0.35%, lecithin 0.4% and ocean rhodotorula mucilaginosa 0.035%; Concrete manufacturing process is shown in described embodiment one.
Embodiment three
The present embodiment oval pompano composite feedstuff configures according to following percentage by weight: white fish meal 32.0%, FSPC 14.0%, Soybean Meal 9.0%, peanut meal 4.8%, flour 26.22%, soybean oil 7.0%, fish oil 3.0%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 0.85%, vitamin premix 1%, mineral substance premix 0.85%, Choline Chloride 0.55%, lecithin 0.7% and ocean rhodotorula mucilaginosa 0.03%; Concrete manufacturing process is shown in described embodiment one.
After taming 2 weeks to marketable fish feed of throwing something and feeding with a collection of egg-shaped pompano, select physical health, the fish of neat specification is used for test.
Test is carried out on proving ground, aquatic products research institute Shenzhen, South Sea floating cage (long 1m × wide 1m × high 1.5m), 12 net cages are selected to feed, if 3 test group and 1 control group, control group and each test group respectively establish 3 parallel, each parallel 20 tail fishes, throw something and feed every day 2 times, Feeding time is respectively 8:30 and 16:30, is satiated with food and throws something and feeds; Breeding seawater salinity 13 ‰-20 ‰, water temperature 17 DEG C-30.2 DEG C, dissolved oxygen >5mg/L, nitrite <0.11mg/L, ammonia nitrogen <0.34mg/L, cultivate 8 weeks.
Test group 1-3 egg-shaped pompano is thrown something and fed mixed feed described in embodiment 1-3 respectively; Control group egg-shaped pompano is thrown something and fed general goods feed, and its feeding conditions is identical with test group; Control group egg-shaped pompano and test group egg-shaped pompano are the same a collection of seed of artificial culture then.
Stop after culture experiment terminates to feed 1d, test group and control group each net cage random selecting 5 tail fish carry out result Sequencing and analysis, eugenol anesthesia (ratio egg-shaped pompano being put into eugenol and water is the water of 1:10000) weighs afterwards, calculates rate of body weight gain, specific growth rate and feed coefficient; Meanwhile, the indexs such as the dirty body ratio of egg-shaped pompano, liver body ratio, coefficient of condition, moisture, crude protein, crude fat, coarse ash, trypsase, intestinal protease, liver amylase and enteron aisle amylase are measured.
Rate of body weight gain (WG, %)=100 × (W
t-W
0)/W
0;
Specific growth rate (SGR, %)=100 × (㏑ W
t-㏑ W
0)/t;
Feed coefficient (FCR)=FI/ (W
t-W
0);
Liver body ratio (HIS)=Wh/W;
Heavy (g)/fish body weight (g) of dirty body ratio (VSI)=internal organ;
Coefficient of condition (K, %)=fish body weight (g)/(fish length)
3(cm) × 100;
Wherein, W
tfor average weight (g) during off-test, W
0for average weight (g) during on-test, t is culturing time (d), FI is that duration of test is ingested the dry weight (g) of feed, and Wh is the weight (g) of got liver, and W is test fish body weight (g) of got liver.
Specific growth rate refers to growth rate and the ratio growing number of days, and be the common counter weighing upgrowth situation, specific growth rate is larger, represents body weight growth every day faster.
Feed coefficient also known as increasing meat factor, refer to cultivation object increase a Unit Weight consume the weight of feed, feed coefficient is lower, illustrates that this feed conversion rate improves, and this feed result of use is better.
Fish body Analysis of Nutritive Composition: above-mentioned test group and control group are chosen weigh after egg-shaped pompano in-20 DEG C of Refrigerator stores, for body composition analysis; Moisture 105 DEG C of oven methods measure, and crude protein adopts Kjeldahl nitrogen determination, and crude fat adopts soxhlet extraction methods to measure, and ash content adopts 550 DEG C of Muffle furnace calcination methods to measure.
Digestive enzyme activity measures: after anaesthetizing from test group and control group each net cage random selecting 6 tail egg-shaped pompano eugenol (ratio of eugenol and water is 1:10000), with alcohol swab wiping fish body surface, then the scissors of sterilizing and tweezers dissection is used to obtain stomach, pancreas, liver and enteron aisle, the physiological saline of 4 DEG C 0.68% is used to clean up (operating) on ice, being divided into two parts deposits in 4mL sterile centrifugation tube, be placed in ﹣ 80 DEG C of refrigerators for subsequent use, measure digestive enzyme activity; Digestive ferment (protease, amylase etc.) vitality test all adopts kit method, and used kit builds up Bioengineering Research Institute purchased from Nanjing.
Statistical analysis: adopt Excel 2007 and SPSS 18.0 software to carry out one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to test data, Multiple range test is carried out with Duncan ' s, P<0.05 represents significant difference, and data represent with " average ± standard deviation ".
Result of the test is as follows:
Note: in table, data are mean+SD, shoulder marking-up female a, b, c, d are the Reference character of Multiple range test in variance analysis, with the lowercase person significant difference (P<0.05) that data line shoulder mark is different, shoulder marking-up parent phase is with person or without shoulder mark person difference remarkable (P>0.05).
Above result of the test shows: the whole counterpoise of three test group egg-shaped pompanos, rate of body weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) are all significantly higher than control group (P<0.05), illustrate that this mixed feed can promote the growth of egg-shaped pompano;
In each test group, the liver body ratio (HIS) of egg-shaped pompano is significantly lower than control group (P<0.05); Liver pancreas is the Major Secretory organ of fatty,fiss enzyme, and liver body is than being an index of directly reacting liver function, the reduction of liver body ratio reduces the load of liver detoxification to a certain extent, result of the test illustrates that this mixed feed can reduce the liver body ratio of egg-shaped pompano, to a certain degree prevent the generation of egg-shaped pompano fatty liver, enhance its digestion power;
The feed coefficient (FCR) of egg-shaped pompano in each test group, dirty body ratio and coefficient of condition all do not have significant difference (P>0.05), illustrate that this mixed feed is somatotrophic while, do not increase throwing something and feeding of feed, be mainly reflected in the raising of abilities of digestive and absorption;
In each test group, the full fish crude protein of egg-shaped pompano is significantly higher than control group (P<0.05), illustrates that this mixed feed can promote the deposition of egg-shaped pompano fish body protein;
Moisture, ash content and crude fat do not have significant difference (P>0.05);
In each test group, the trypsase of egg-shaped pompano and intestinal protein enzyme activity are significantly higher than control group (P<0.05), illustrate that this mixed feed enhances the digestion power of egg-shaped pompano to protein, this is corresponding with above-mentioned promotion proteinosis;
Each test group liver amylase and enteron aisle amylase activity are significantly higher than control group (P<0.05), liver pancreas is that amylase center generates organ, the power of its Secretion directly affects the digestion power of fish to food, fish mainly complete digesting and assimilating of starch in enteron aisle, this mixed feed can strengthen egg-shaped pompano liver amylase and enteron aisle amylase activity, so more be conducive to the digestion of starch, improve feed absorption rate.
Conclusion: its speed of growth of the egg-shaped pompano of being fed by this mixed feed is obviously accelerated, fish body protein content is high, the digestive enzyme activity of liver and enteron aisle significantly strengthens, and facilitates the digestion of protein and starch and absorbing of feed, effectively improves fanning economics and environmental ecological benefit.
It is more than better embodiment of the present invention; but embodiment is not for limiting the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention; any equivalence change of doing or retouching; belong to the protection domain of the present invention equally, the content that therefore protection scope of the present invention should define with the claim of the application is standard.
Claims (9)
1. one kind promotes the mixed feed that egg-shaped pompano digests and grows, it is characterized in that, described oval pompano composite feedstuff is grouped into by the one-tenth of following percentage by weight: white fish meal 27% ~ 32%, FSPC 14% ~ 22%, Soybean Meal 7% ~ 9%, peanut meal 4% ~ 7%, flour 23% ~ 27%, soybean oil 5.5% ~ 7%, fish oil 3% ~ 8%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 0.85% ~ 1.2%, vitamin premix 0.85% ~ 1.0%, mineral substance premix 0.8% ~ 0.9%, Choline Chloride 0.35% ~ 0.55%, lecithin 0.3% ~ 0.7% and rhodotorula mucilaginosa 0.03% ~ 0.04%.
2. a kind of mixed feed that egg-shaped pompano digests and grows that promotes according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described oval pompano composite feedstuff is grouped into by the one-tenth of following percentage by weight: white fish meal 27.16%, FSPC 22%, Soybean Meal 7%, peanut meal 4%, flour 23%, soybean oil 5.5%, fish oil 8%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 0.9%, vitamin premix 0.9%, mineral substance premix 0.8%, Choline Chloride 0.4%, lecithin 0.3% and rhodotorula mucilaginosa 0.04%.
3. a kind of mixed feed that egg-shaped pompano digests and grows that promotes according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described vitamin premix comprises following component: vitamin A, Cobastab
1, Cobastab
2, Cobastab
3, Cobastab
5, Cobastab
6, Cobastab
7, Cobastab
8, Cobastab
9, Cobastab
12, vitamin D
3, vitamin E, vitamin K
3and microcrystalline cellulose.
4. a kind of mixed feed that egg-shaped pompano digests and grows that promotes according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, every kilogram of described vitamin premix comprises following component and weight: vitamin A 0.04g, Cobastab
10.045g, Cobastab
20.022g, Cobastab
30.168g, Cobastab
50.102g, Cobastab
60.04g, Cobastab
70.0004g, Cobastab
80.45g, Cobastab
90.01g, Cobastab
120.00004g, vitamin D
30.0001g, vitamin E 0.08g, vitamin K
30.015g, surplus is microcrystalline cellulose.
5. a kind of mixed feed that egg-shaped pompano digests and grows that promotes according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described mineral substance premix comprises following component: FeSO
46H
2o, MgSO
47H
2o, NaCl, CuSO
45H
2o, ZnSO
4h
2o, CoCl
26H
2o, MnSO
4h
2o and zeolite powder.
6. a kind of mixed feed that egg-shaped pompano digests and grows that promotes according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, every kilogram of described mineral substance premix comprises following component and weight: FeSO
46H
2o 0.8g, MgSO
47H
2o 0.18g, NaCl 0.1g, CuSO
45H
2o 0.01g, ZnSO
4h
2o 0.04g, CoCl
26H
2o 0.028g, MnSO
4h
2o 0.06g, surplus is zeolite powder.
7. a kind of mixed feed that egg-shaped pompano digests and grows that promotes according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described rhodotorula mucilaginosa is ocean rhodotorula mucilaginosa.
8. a kind of mixed feed that egg-shaped pompano digests and grows that promotes according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described ocean rhodotorula mucilaginosa comprises the composition of following percentage by weight: moisture 81.17%, crude protein 9.27%, total reducing sugar 4.2%, beta glucan 1.3%, beta carotene 0.00014%, astaxanthin 0.0001% and vitamin E 0.0172%.
9. according to claim 1ly a kind ofly promote egg-shaped pompano to digest and the mixed feed of growth, it is characterized in that, described Choline Chloride is be the Choline Chloride powder of 50% Choline Chloride containing mass fraction.
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| CN105213484A (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2016-01-06 | 阮少康 | The anesthetis of Fish wholefood composition |
| CN106562099A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-04-19 | 中山大学 | Trachinotus ovatus formula feed |
| CN109170359A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2019-01-11 | 珠海容川饲料有限公司 | A kind of egg-shaped pompano megathermal period mixed feed and its preparation method and application |
| CN110250329A (en) * | 2019-08-01 | 2019-09-20 | 珠海容川饲料有限公司 | It adult fish growth in a kind of raising egg-shaped pompano, the expanding compound feed ingesting and survive |
| CN110810670A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-02-21 | 华南农业大学 | Trachinotus ovatus juvenile compound feed based on fat powder and preparation method thereof |
| CN111264692A (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2020-06-12 | 思凯汀（珠海）饲料有限公司 | Compound feed for golden pomfret |
| CN112970972A (en) * | 2021-03-08 | 2021-06-18 | 汕头大学 | A functional fish feed containing rhizoma Amorphophalli polysaccharide |
| CN114916556A (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-08-19 | 渭南东旺农华生物科技有限公司 | Agricultural composition containing lecithin and choline chloride |
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