CN102613400A - Optimum processing technology of enteromorpha additive aquatic feeds - Google Patents
Optimum processing technology of enteromorpha additive aquatic feeds Download PDFInfo
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- CN102613400A CN102613400A CN2012100469528A CN201210046952A CN102613400A CN 102613400 A CN102613400 A CN 102613400A CN 2012100469528 A CN2012100469528 A CN 2012100469528A CN 201210046952 A CN201210046952 A CN 201210046952A CN 102613400 A CN102613400 A CN 102613400A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of bait research and development in fishery sciences and relates to an optimum processing technology of enteromorpha additive aquatic feeds, which aims at turning enteromorpha into wealth, comprehensively utilizing the enteromorpha, enabling the enteromorpha to serve as a novel feed resource to be developed and applied and applying the enteromorpha serving as low-input high-yield algae feed to the breeding industry by adopting different processing technologies and composition proportion to natural marine algae enteromorpha. The different processing technologies of marine green-tide algae enteromorpha comprise the steps of cleaning fresh enteromorpha, performing rouging, freezing and drying the fresh enteromorpha, performing ultrasonic wave or citric acid treatment, adding 20% of treated fresh enteromorpha into formula feed to be stirred and mixed evenly, placing mixture at the temperature of 30-38 DEG C to continue to perform fermentation for 1-2 hours, manufacturing the mixture into granulated feed and drying and forming the granulated feed at low temperature of 60 DEG C. The optimum enteromorpha processing technology is a citric acid treatment technology is confirmed by detecting weight-gaining ratio of phytophagous fish (such as pikes), specific growth rate and bait coefficient. The optimum processing technology of the enteromorpha additive aquatic feeds can use the enteromorpha as a low-price efficient feed additive to be quickly applied to the breeding industry.
Description
Technical field
Phytophagous fish (like mullet) bait research and development technical field under the present invention.The present invention is through adopting different processing technology and composition proportion to natural marine algae Enteromorpha; Being intended to turns waste into wealth Enteromorpha; Comprehensive utilization makes it develop and apply as a kind of new feed resource, and it is used for aquaculture as the low algae feed that drops into high production.
Background technology
In recent years, there is the evidence marine alga that animal is had no side effect successively, in daily ration, adds production and the reproductive performance that marine alga can promote animal; Improve the animal product quality, and can strengthen animal disease resistant poison, antibiotic and stress ability and improve the immunity of animal, but because really up to the mark, the fishy smell overrich of Enteromorpha fiber; Directly the application in breed is comparatively limited; The progress of green tidal sea algae Enteromorpha aquatic feeds is slow, from the research of other algae feeds, can find out, marine alga not only has the advantage that promotes growth as a kind of feed of green; The more important thing is that Enteromorpha is cheap and easy to get, production is had important function.
Enteromorpha (Entermorpha prolifera) is commonly called as tongue bar, green laver etc., is the algae of Chlorophyta Ulvales Ulvaceae Enteromorpha, and aboundresources in the wild algae of China is distributed widely in southeastern coast, belongs to marine site, East Sea sociales.Enteromorpha is nutritious, is rich in the essential nutriments of animal such as carbohydrate, protein, crude fibre and mineral matter.Enteromorpha is edible and medicinal algae since ancient times.About exploitation and the research of algae, focus mostly at present in several types of red algae and brown alga etc.Because green alga yields poorly, its utilization is restricted always.Because the Enteromorpha fiber is really up to the mark, utilization rate is very low at present, but through different processing technologys, then can improve absorbing of Enteromorpha, improves it in the application as breeding feed.Therefore, probe into the processing mode of Enteromorpha, make it can be under the efficient prerequisite that improves the cultivated animals growth, the Enteromorpha comprehensive utilization that Qingdao is coastal be turned waste into wealth, for the development and use of green alga resource provide new approach.
Add the palatability that phagostimulant can obviously improve feed in the feed, a large amount of amino acid that contain in the Enteromorpha have trophism preferably as effective phagostimulant to the phytophagous fish, so the feed of Enteromorpha adds goods very big development and use space are arranged.
Summary of the invention
1. the present invention relates to the different processing technologys of Enteromorpha, be intended to make Enteromorpha effectively to improve the phytophagous fish to its ingest and improve the absorption efficiency of Enteromorpha being added feed, its basic technology is following:
Step (one): fresh Enteromorpha (calculating) with the Enteromorpha dry weight, the field is fished for fresh Enteromorpha clear water and is cleaned, and removes impurity, adopts different processing technologys to handle Enteromorpha:
(1) preparation flow of Enteromorpha powder: get fresh Enteromorpha, use the flushing with clean water Enteromorpha, remove impurity, be put in after draining in 60 ℃ the baking oven and dry to constant weight, after pulverizing, (getting 20g) is subsequent use.
(2) preparation flow of fresh Enteromorpha: get fresh Enteromorpha, use the flushing with clean water Enteromorpha, remove impurity, calculate the fresh Enteromorpha amount that (20g) Enteromorpha need be used in 75.21% ratio, bright Enteromorpha is broken into pieces with cutter or mixer according to the water content of Enteromorpha, subsequent use.
(3) technological process of ultrasonic Treatment Enteromorpha: get fresh Enteromorpha; Use the flushing with clean water Enteromorpha; Remove impurity, calculate the fresh Enteromorpha amount that (20g) Enteromorpha need be used in 75.21% ratio, it is added an amount of distilled water (generally being advisable a little more than Enteromorpha with water) according to the water content of Enteromorpha; Put into the ultrasonic oscillation case then and handle to Enteromorpha and become pasty state, subsequent use.
(4) technological process of citric acid treatment Enteromorpha: get fresh Enteromorpha, use the flushing with clean water Enteromorpha, remove impurity; Water content according to Enteromorpha is calculated the fresh Enteromorpha amount that (20g) Enteromorpha need be used in 75.21% ratio, adds citric acid and regulates PH to 5.5-7, heated and boiled; When the Enteromorpha color becomes yellowish-brown; Little fire heating makes its moisture moderate, subsequent use.
Step (two): basal feed prescription (g/kg), fish meal 300g, bean cake powder 300g, flour 70g, yeast 50g, maize germ oil 50mL, soybean lecithin 15g, sodium alginate 5g.Enteromorpha adds with 20% amount.
Step (three): mixed vitamin additive capacity (mg/kg), vitamin A 50000IU, vitamin D 4000IU, vitamin E 100mg, Cobastab
150mg, Cobastab
250mg, Cobastab
65mg, Cobastab
1210 μ g, niacinamide 150mg, calcium pantothenate 50mg, lipotropin 500mg, vitamin C 500mg.
Step (four): mixed inorganic additive capacity (mg/kg), iron 100mg, copper 10mg, zinc 5mg, magnesium 10mg, iodine 1mg, manganese 10mg, potassium 100mg, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 5580mg, L-lysine salt 250mg.
Step (five): feed is handled, and the feed stirring and evenly mixing places 30～38 ℃ to continue fermentation 1～2 hour, processes granulated meal, in 60 ℃ of low temperature drying moulding.
Step (six): Enteromorpha interpolation test feed and basal feed through citric acid treatment compare, and find that the rate of body weight gain of institute's test feed is compared obvious raising with control group, and feed coefficient are lower, has important role.
The specific embodiment
The present invention relates to the different processing technologys of Enteromorpha, it is characterized in that preparing composition and process for making thereof and comprise the following example of executing, following embodiment can further specify the present invention, but does not limit the present invention in any way.
Embodiment:
2. the present invention relates to the different processing technologys of Enteromorpha, be intended to make Enteromorpha effectively to improve the phytophagous fish to its ingest and improve the absorption efficiency of Enteromorpha being added feed, its basic technology is following:
Step (one): fresh Enteromorpha (calculating) with the Enteromorpha dry weight, the field is fished for fresh Enteromorpha clear water and is cleaned, and removes impurity, adopts different processing technologys to handle Enteromorpha:
(1) preparation flow of Enteromorpha powder: get fresh Enteromorpha, use the flushing with clean water Enteromorpha, remove impurity, be put in after draining in 60 ℃ the baking oven and dry to constant weight, after pulverizing, it is subsequent use to get 20g.
(2) preparation flow of fresh Enteromorpha: get fresh Enteromorpha, use the flushing with clean water Enteromorpha, remove impurity, calculate the fresh Enteromorpha amount that the 20g Enteromorpha need be used in 75.21% ratio, bright Enteromorpha is broken into pieces with cutter or mixer according to the water content of Enteromorpha, subsequent use.
(3) technological process of ultrasonic Treatment Enteromorpha: get fresh Enteromorpha; Use the flushing with clean water Enteromorpha; Remove impurity, calculate the fresh Enteromorpha amount that the 20g Enteromorpha need be used in 75.21% ratio, it is added an amount of distilled water (generally being higher than Enteromorpha with the water rate is advisable) according to the water content of Enteromorpha; Put into the ultrasonic oscillation case then and handle to Enteromorpha and become pasty state, subsequent use.
(4) technological process of citric acid treatment Enteromorpha: get fresh Enteromorpha, use the flushing with clean water Enteromorpha, remove impurity; Water content according to Enteromorpha is calculated the fresh Enteromorpha amount that the 20g Enteromorpha need be used in 75.21% ratio, adds citric acid and regulates PH to 5.5-7, heated and boiled; When the Enteromorpha color becomes yellowish-brown; Little fire heating makes its moisture moderate, subsequent use.
Step (two): basal feed prescription (g/kg), fish meal 300g, bean cake powder 300g, flour 70g, yeast 50g, maize germ oil 50mL, soybean lecithin 15g, sodium alginate 5g.Enteromorpha adds with 20% amount.
Step (three): mixed vitamin additive capacity (mg/kg), vitamin A 50000IU, vitamin D 4000IU, vitamin E 100mg, Cobastab
150mg, Cobastab
250mg, Cobastab
65mg, Cobastab
1210 μ g, niacinamide 150mg, calcium pantothenate 50mg, lipotropin 500mg, vitamin C 500mg.
Step (four): mixed inorganic additive capacity (mg/kg), iron 100mg, copper 10mg, zinc 5mg, magnesium 10mg, iodine 1mg, manganese 10mg, potassium 100mg, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 5580mg, L-lysine salt 250mg.
Step (five): feed is handled, and the feed stirring and evenly mixing places 30～38 ℃ to continue fermentation 1～2 hour, processes granulated meal, in 60 ℃ of low temperature drying moulding.
Step (six): Enteromorpha interpolation test feed and basal feed through citric acid treatment compare, and find that the rate of body weight gain of institute's test feed is compared obvious raising with control group, and feed coefficient are lower, has extremely important application.
Efficiency assay with the righttest Enteromorpha processing technology of mullet screening
1 experiment material
Mullet (being collected in marine site around Weihai), Enteromorpha (pick up from marine site around Weihai, gather the back and clean) with seawater
2 methods and result
2.1 grazing rate test
5 aquariums are set altogether, and each aquarium mullet 15 tail is weighed the sudden and violent gas oxygenation of duration of test, pH6.33-8.16, water temperature 17.2-18.7 ℃ behind the 24h on an empty stomach., adopt the amount of the being satiated with food method of throwing something and feeding, throw something and feed twice every day, the time is respectively 10:00 and 16:30.Feeding volume is the 2%-5% of fish body weight, and concrete slightly inching of the situation of searching for food of throwing the amount of raising according to water quality and fish is inhaled the end with siphonage before the every day of the bait throwing in for the first time and removed the residual bait of ight soil, and changes water 1/5.Formal test finishes back fish empty stomach 24h and weighs by case.The test index computational methods are following:
WGR＝100％×(Wt-Wo)/Wo
Feed coefficient=bait feeding amount/fish body weight gains amount
In the formula: WGR is rate of body weight gain (%); Wo is the physique amount (g) of the preceding fish of test; Wt is the physique amount (g) of off-test macrura reevesii.
Rate of body weight gain of table 1 mullet and feed coefficient
Analyze test group I basal feed, test group II (Enteromorpha powder) by table 1; Test group III (fresh Enteromorpha), test group IV (Enteromorpha of ultrasonic Treatment), test group V (Enteromorpha of citric acid treatment); Can significantly improve the rate of body weight gain of mullet through the Enteromorpha after the citric acid treatment, and the rate of body weight gain of mullet compares obvious raising with control group, reach 12.731%; And feed coefficient is lower, is 1.617, has important role.
Through above-mentioned test, explain through different processing technology Enteromorphas, can improve the absorb efficient of cultivated animals to Enteromorpha, reduce feeding cost, have good effect and application potential.
Claims (3)
1. the present invention relates to the different processing technologys of Enteromorpha, be intended to make Enteromorpha effectively to improve the phytophagous fish to its ingest and improve the absorption efficiency of Enteromorpha being added feed, its basic technology is following:
Step (one): fresh Enteromorpha (calculating) with the Enteromorpha dry weight, the field is fished for fresh Enteromorpha clear water and is cleaned, and removes impurity, adopts different processing technologys to handle Enteromorpha:
(1) preparation flow of Enteromorpha powder: get fresh Enteromorpha, use the flushing with clean water Enteromorpha, remove impurity, be put in after draining in 60 ℃ the baking oven and dry to constant weight, after pulverizing, (getting 20g) is subsequent use.
(2) preparation flow of fresh Enteromorpha: get fresh Enteromorpha, use the flushing with clean water Enteromorpha, remove impurity, calculate the fresh Enteromorpha amount that (20g) Enteromorpha need be used in 75.21% ratio, bright Enteromorpha is broken into pieces with cutter or mixer according to the water content of Enteromorpha, subsequent use.
(3) technological process of ultrasonic Treatment Enteromorpha: get fresh Enteromorpha; Use the flushing with clean water Enteromorpha; Remove impurity, calculate the fresh Enteromorpha amount that (20g) Enteromorpha need be used in 75.21% ratio, it is added an amount of distilled water (generally being advisable a little more than Enteromorpha with water) according to the water content of Enteromorpha; Put into the ultrasonic oscillation case then and handle to Enteromorpha and become pasty state, subsequent use.
(4) technological process of citric acid treatment Enteromorpha: get fresh Enteromorpha, use the flushing with clean water Enteromorpha, remove impurity, calculate the fresh Enteromorpha amount that (20g) Enteromorpha need be used in 75.21% ratio, add citric acid and regulate PH to 5.5-7 according to the water content of Enteromorpha,
Heated and boiled, when the Enteromorpha color became yellowish-brown, little fire heating made its moisture moderate, subsequent use.
Step (two): basal feed prescription (g/kg), fish meal 300g, bean cake powder 300g, flour 70g, yeast 50g, maize germ oil 50mL, soybean lecithin 15g, sodium alginate 5g.Enteromorpha adds with 20% amount.
Step (three): mixed vitamin additive capacity (mg/kg), vitamin A 50000IU, vitamin D 4000IU, vitamin E 100mg, Cobastab
150mg, Cobastab
250mg, Cobastab
65mg, Cobastab
1210 μ g, niacinamide 150mg, calcium pantothenate 50mg, lipotropin 500mg, vitamin C 500mg.
Step (four): mixed inorganic additive capacity (mg/kg), iron 100mg, copper 10mg, zinc 5mg, magnesium 10mg, iodine 1mg, manganese 10mg, potassium 100mg, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 5580mg, L-lysine salt 250mg.
Step (five): feed is handled, and the feed stirring and evenly mixing places 30～38 ℃ to continue fermentation 1～2 hour, processes granulated meal, in 60 ℃ of low temperature drying moulding.
Step (six): Enteromorpha interpolation test feed and basal feed through citric acid treatment compare, and find that the rate of body weight gain of institute's test feed is compared obvious raising with control group, and feed coefficient are lower, has extremely important using value.
2. step according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: handle fresh Enteromorpha through certain method and filter out the fish rate of body weight gain; Specific growth rate; Feed coefficient is the most significantly filled a prescription, and eliminates to be not suitable for the processing technology as the feed addictive Enteromorpha, and it is used for the breed of phytophagous fish as the low algae feed that drops into high production the most at last.
3. step according to claim 1 is characterized in that handling Enteromorpha through different processing technologys, and it can effectively be absorbed by fish, reduces feeding cost, comprehensive utilization.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2012100469528A CN102613400A (en) | 2012-02-21 | 2012-02-21 | Optimum processing technology of enteromorpha additive aquatic feeds |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102813057A (en) * | 2012-09-17 | 2012-12-12 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | Method for producing fermented feed through utilizing enteromorpha leaching liquor |
| CN103583919A (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-02-19 | 青岛嘉瑞生物技术有限公司 | Formula of enteromorpha-added myxocyprinus asiaticus puffing compound feed and production method |
| CN105010769A (en) * | 2014-04-24 | 2015-11-04 | 山东大学（威海） | Preparation method of aquaculture compound feed |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050142263A1 (en) * | 2003-12-30 | 2005-06-30 | Lauren Keilbach | Fish food flakes |
| WO2008084074A2 (en) * | 2007-01-10 | 2008-07-17 | Blue Limit As | Feed composition for aquatic organisms |
| CN101579057A (en) * | 2009-06-12 | 2009-11-18 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Method for preparing sea cucumber compound feed with additional Enteromorpha |
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2012
- 2012-02-21 CN CN2012100469528A patent/CN102613400A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050142263A1 (en) * | 2003-12-30 | 2005-06-30 | Lauren Keilbach | Fish food flakes |
| WO2008084074A2 (en) * | 2007-01-10 | 2008-07-17 | Blue Limit As | Feed composition for aquatic organisms |
| CN101579057A (en) * | 2009-06-12 | 2009-11-18 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Method for preparing sea cucumber compound feed with additional Enteromorpha |
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| 关洪斌，等: "4 种实用配方饲料对锦鲤诱食活性和生长的影响", 《资源开发与市场》 * |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102813057A (en) * | 2012-09-17 | 2012-12-12 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | Method for producing fermented feed through utilizing enteromorpha leaching liquor |
| CN102813057B (en) * | 2012-09-17 | 2014-11-26 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | Method for producing fermented feed through utilizing enteromorpha leaching liquor |
| CN103583919A (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-02-19 | 青岛嘉瑞生物技术有限公司 | Formula of enteromorpha-added myxocyprinus asiaticus puffing compound feed and production method |
| CN103583919B (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-11-05 | 青岛嘉瑞生物技术有限公司 | Formula of enteromorpha-added myxocyprinus asiaticus puffing compound feed and production method |
| CN105010769A (en) * | 2014-04-24 | 2015-11-04 | 山东大学（威海） | Preparation method of aquaculture compound feed |
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