CN102919622A - Application of enteromorpha prolifera serving as toner in litopenaeus vannamei feed - Google Patents
Application of enteromorpha prolifera serving as toner in litopenaeus vannamei feed Download PDFInfo
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- CN102919622A CN102919622A CN2012104920600A CN201210492060A CN102919622A CN 102919622 A CN102919622 A CN 102919622A CN 2012104920600 A CN2012104920600 A CN 2012104920600A CN 201210492060 A CN201210492060 A CN 201210492060A CN 102919622 A CN102919622 A CN 102919622A
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Abstract
The invention discloses application of enteromorpha prolifera serving as a toner in a litopenaeus vannamei feed, and belongs to the technical field of aquatic feeds. By adding 10 percent of enteromorpha prolifera powder into the litopenaeus vannamei feed, the astaxanthin content of muscles can be improved, the body color of litopenaeus vannamei is improved, the weight gain rate is improved, and the survival rate is not affected.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the aquatic animal feed field, relate to particularly Enteromorpha as the application of toner in prawn feed.
Background technology
Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low, be listed as three the highest large good shrimp species of present world cultured output with Penaeus monodon, Chinese prawn, this shrimp have growth rapidly, dressing percentage is high, long to low, the dried up time-to-live of feed protein demand, resistance against diseases is strong, be suitable for high-density breeding and to the characteristics such as adaptable of salinity, this kind was carried out cultivating large area in China's Coastal Areas and was promoted in recent years.According to statistics, the output of China's Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low in 2010 reaches 1,030,000 tons, and wherein less salt or freshwater aquiculture output reach 650,000 tons.The fashionable of Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low cultivation is because it can be lived in the waters of Low-salinity, and effectively prevents thus the infection of prawn white spot disease and break out high yield synergy.Yet the Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low body colour that cultivates under low-salt conditions obviously descends, and has directly affected the decline of selling price, economic well-being of workers and staff and even export volume, affects the sustainable development of this breed variety.
Enteromorpha is a kind of large-scale green alga, be commonly called as tongue bar, green laver etc., be the algae of Chlorophyta Ulvales Ulvaceae Enteromorpha, common are edge pipe Enteromorpha (Enteromorpha linza), flat Enteromorpha (Enteromorphacompressa), bar Enteromorpha (Enteromorpha clathrat), intestines Enteromorpha (Enteromorphaintestinalis) etc.Enteromorpha is the wild green alga in the beach of coastal waters, and its natural propagation ability is strong especially, and output is huge.Enteromorpha is rich in carbohydrate, protein, crude fibre and mineral matter, also contains simultaneously fat and vitamin.In Enteromorpha protein, the amino acid A wide selection of colours and designs, essential amino acids content is higher, and wherein the limiting amino acid of edge pipe Enteromorpha is lysine, and AAS is 79; The limiting amino acid of bar Enteromorpha is methionine, and AAS is 80.During the aliphatic acid of Enteromorpha formed, the content of polyunsaturated fatty acid, monounsaturated fatty acids and saturated fatty acid was respectively 50.5%, 12.7% and 36.8%, the odd carbon fatty acid comprising nearly 4%.Therefore Enteromorpha is high protein, high dietary-fiber, low fat, low-yield, and is rich in the natural desirable nutraceutical of minerals and vitamins or the raw material of animal feed.
But Enteromorpha as toner in animal feed particularly the application in prawn feed there is no any research report.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of Enteromorpha as the application of toner in feed for litopenaeus vannamei, in feed for litopenaeus vannamei, add Enteromorpha as toner, improve the body colour of prawn, solve Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low and under low-salt conditions, cultivate body colour decline, affected the problem of selling price and economic well-being of workers and staff.
A kind of Enteromorpha adds 10% waterside lichenin as the application of toner in feed for litopenaeus vannamei in prawn feed, can improve content astaxanthin in the muscle, improves the body colour of Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low, improves rate of body weight gain, on not impact of survival rate.
The present invention also provides a kind of feed that improves the Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low body colour, and its composition and mass percent are fish meal 25%, dregs of beans 30%, yeast 5%, shrimp chaff 8%, phosphatidase 11 .5%, choline 0.5%, vitamin mixtures 1%, mineral mixture 1%, fish oil 4%, waterside lichenin 10%, all the other are time powder, make mixed feed.
Further, described vitamin mixtures (mg or g/kg feed): thiamine 25mg; Riboflavin 45mg; Puridoxine hydrochloride 20mg; Cobastab l2 0.1mg; Vitamin K 310mg; Inositol 800mg; Pantothenic acid 60mg; Nicotinic acid 200mg; Folic acid 20mg; Biotin 1.2mg; 3-Hydroxyretinol 2mg; Vitamin D 5mg; Vitamin e1 20mg; Inferior powder 18.67g
Further, described inorganic salt mixt (mg or g/kg feed): sodium fluoride 2mg; KI 0.8mg; Cobalt chloride 50mg; Copper sulphate 10mg; Ferric sulfate 80mg; Zinc sulfate 50mg; Magnesium sulfate 1200mg; Calcium dihydrogen phosphate 3000mg; Sodium chloride 100mg; Zeolite powder 15.51g.
The present invention's beneficial effect compared with prior art:
The present invention is by the waterside lichenin of interpolation 10% in feed for litopenaeus vannamei, can improve content astaxanthin in the muscle, improve the body colour of Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low, improve rate of body weight gain, on not impact of survival rate, solve the Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low body colour that causes owing to low-salt culturing poor, thereby affected the problem of its economic worth.
The specific embodiment
Below by verifying technology contents of the present invention.
Take fish meal, dregs of beans as protein sources, fish oil is fat source, and inferior powder is sugared source preparation basal feed (seeing Table 1).In basal feed, add respectively 0,5%, 10% and 15% waterside lichenin, be mixed with 4 kinds of experiment feeds.In 8 weeks of the Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low of feeding, observe it to muscle pigment deposition and affects on the growth.Feed formula is as follows.
Table 1 feed formula
1Vitamin mixtures (mg or g/kg feed): thiamine 25mg; Riboflavin 45mg; Puridoxine hydrochloride 20mg; Cobastab l20.1mg; Vitamin K 310mg; Inositol 800mg; Pantothenic acid 60mg; Nicotinic acid 200mg; Folic acid 20mg; Biotin 1.2mg; 3-Hydroxyretinol 2mg; Vitamin D 5mg; Vitamin E 120mg; Inferior powder 18.67g
2Inorganic salt mixt (mg or g/kg feed): sodium fluoride 2mg; KI 0.8mg; Cobalt chloride 50mg; Copper sulphate 10mg; Ferric sulfate 80mg; Zinc sulfate 50mg; Magnesium sulfate 1200mg; Calcium dihydrogen phosphate 3000mg; Sodium chloride 100mg; Zeolite powder 15.51g.
Each organizes prawn muscle content astaxanthin such as table 2, and each organizes prawn growing state such as table 3, and each is organized the prawn body and forms such as table 4.
Table 2 is respectively organized shrimp body muscle content astaxanthin
| The Enteromorpha consumption | Coloring effect | Content astaxanthin in the shrimp muscle (mg/kg) |
| The 0(contrast) | Poor | 4.92±0.52 a |
| 5% | Better | 8.02±1.25 b |
| 10% | Good | 13.75±1.03 c |
| 15% | Good | 15.34±5.78 c |
Annotate: 1. in the table be the standard error of average and 3 repetitions to data; 2. represent significant difference (P＜0.05) with the different subscript of delegation.
As shown in table 2, along with the increase of Enteromorpha consumption in the feed, content astaxanthin significantly raises in the prawn muscle, although 15% group of content astaxanthin of Enteromorpha consumption is higher than 10% group of Enteromorpha consumption, the two prawn muscle content astaxanthin does not have significant difference (P〉0.05).
Table 3 is respectively organized the prawn growing state
| The Enteromorpha consumption | The 0(contrast) | 5% | 10% | 15% |
| Gain in weight (g) | 5.53±0.4 | 5.88±0.9 | 6.10±0.6 | 5.46±0.5 |
| Rate of body weight gain (%) | 158±35 a | 168±21 b | 174±18 c | 156±40 a |
| Survival rate (%) | 88±9.5 | 92±6.8 | 90±9.6 | 89±7.2 |
| Feed coefficient FCR | 1.36±0.8 a | 1.28±0.2 a | 1.35±0.4 a | 1.82±0.8 b |
Annotate: 1. in the table be the standard error of average and 3 repetitions to data; 2. represent significant difference (P＜0.05) with the different subscript of delegation.
As shown in table 3, the rate of body weight gain along with the increase prawn of Enteromorpha addition in the feed significantly increases, and when the Enteromorpha addition reached 10%, the prawn rate of body weight gain reached the highest, when the tongue addition increase to 15% the time, the prawn rate of body weight gain significantly descends.Feed coefficient control group, 5% Enteromorpha interpolation group and 10% Enteromorpha interpolation group do not have significant difference, and three groups significantly are lower than 15% Enteromorpha interpolation group.Each organizes the prawn survival rate does not have significant difference.
Table 4 is respectively organized the prawn body and is formed (weight in wet base %)
| The Enteromorpha consumption | The 0(contrast) | 5% | 10% | 15% |
| Dry (%) | 25.5±3.2 | 26.1±3.5 | 24.9±2.8 | 25.6±2.9 |
| Protein (%) | 18.6±1.6 | 17.3±1.8 | 17.2±1.5 | 18.0±1.5 |
| Fat (%) | 2.3±0.25 | 2.5±0.32 | 2.4±0.21 | 2.3±0.25 |
| Ash content (%) | 2.8±0.22 | 2.5±0.18 | 2.6±0.25 | 2.7±0.19 |
By as seen from Table 4, each organizes prawn dry, protein, fat and ash content there was no significant difference (P〉0.05).
By above experiment as seen, add 10% Enteromorpha group in the feed, can significantly improve the content astaxanthin of prawn muscle, and rate of body weight gain significantly improves also.
Claims (4)
1. an Enteromorpha is characterized in that adding 10% waterside lichenin in prawn feed as the application of toner in feed for litopenaeus vannamei, can improve content astaxanthin in the muscle, improves the body colour of Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low, improves rate of body weight gain, on not impact of survival rate.
2. a feed that improves the Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low body colour is characterized in that its composition and mass percent are fish meal 25%, dregs of beans 30%, yeast 5%, shrimp chaff 8%, phosphatidase 11 .5%, choline 0.5%, vitamin mixtures 1%, mineral mixture 1%, fish oil 4%, waterside lichenin 10%, all the other are time powder, make mixed feed.
3. a kind of feed that improves the Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low body colour according to claim 2 is characterized in that described vitamin mixtures is that content in the per kilogram feed is respectively thiamine 25mg; Riboflavin 45mg; Puridoxine hydrochloride 20mg; Cobalamin 0.1mg; Vitamin K 310mg; Inositol 800mg; Pantothenic acid 60mg; Nicotinic acid 200mg; Folic acid 20mg; Biotin 1.2mg; Vitamin A 32mg; Vitamin D 5mg; Vitamin E 120mg; Inferior powder 18.67g.
4. a kind of feed that improves the Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low body colour according to claim 2 is characterized in that described inorganic salt mixt is that content in the per kilogram feed is respectively sodium fluoride 2mg; KI 0.8mg; Cobalt chloride 50mg; Copper sulphate 10mg; Ferric sulfate 80mg; Zinc sulfate 50mg; Magnesium sulfate 1200mg; Calcium dihydrogen phosphate 3000mg; Sodium chloride 100mg; Zeolite powder 15.51g.
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Cited By (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106721517A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-05-31 | 全椒县花溪湖特种水产专业合作社 | It is a kind of to improve bright carrot feed of freshwater shrimp body colour and preparation method thereof |
| KR20190139521A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2019-12-18 | 부경대학교 산학협력단 | A Composition Comprising Extract of Enteromorpha for promoting muscle tissue production |
| CN110583906A (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2019-12-20 | 山东康科润海洋科技有限公司 | Enteromorpha-based crayfish compound feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN111642656A (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2020-09-11 | 山东新希望六和集团有限公司 | Efficient feed for enhancing ammonia nitrogen tolerance of litopenaeus vannamei |
| CN116602251A (en) * | 2023-06-15 | 2023-08-18 | 宁波大学 | Breeding method for improving astaxanthin ester content of penaeus vannamei boone |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106721517A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-05-31 | 全椒县花溪湖特种水产专业合作社 | It is a kind of to improve bright carrot feed of freshwater shrimp body colour and preparation method thereof |
| KR20190139521A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2019-12-18 | 부경대학교 산학협력단 | A Composition Comprising Extract of Enteromorpha for promoting muscle tissue production |
| KR102082196B1 (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2020-02-27 | 부경대학교 산학협력단 | A Composition Comprising Extract of Enteromorpha for promoting muscle tissue production |
| CN110583906A (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2019-12-20 | 山东康科润海洋科技有限公司 | Enteromorpha-based crayfish compound feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN111642656A (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2020-09-11 | 山东新希望六和集团有限公司 | Efficient feed for enhancing ammonia nitrogen tolerance of litopenaeus vannamei |
| CN116602251A (en) * | 2023-06-15 | 2023-08-18 | 宁波大学 | Breeding method for improving astaxanthin ester content of penaeus vannamei boone |
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Application publication date: 20130213 |